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=== Immigration into Canada === | === Immigration into Canada === | ||
Most immigrants have settled along the coasts, the southern frontiers, or the St. Lawrence River valley. | Most immigrants have settled along the coasts, the southern frontiers, or the St. Lawrence River valley. | ||
'''1605: '''The French first settled at Port Royal, near present Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. | '''1605: '''The '''French''' first settled at '''Port Royal''', near present Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. | ||
'''1608: '''The city of Quebec was established by the French. For the next 150 years, the British and the French disputed control of the area. | '''1608: '''The '''city of Quebec''' was established by the French. For the next 150 years, the British and the French disputed control of the area. | ||
'''1749: '''Halifax, Nova Scotia, was founded by the British as a military garrison. | '''1749: ''''''Halifax, Nova Scotia''', was founded by the British as a military garrison. | ||
'''1753: '''The British government settled more than 1,400 Germans and Swiss at Lunenburg, southwest of Halifax. | '''1753: '''The British government settled more than 1,400 '''Germans and Swiss at Lunenburg, southwest of Halifax'''. | ||
'''1759–1760: '''British conquest of old Quebec (New France) occurred. The French remained but were joined by many British immigrants. | '''1759–1760: '''British conquest of old Quebec (New France) occurred. The French remained but were joined by many '''British immigrants'''. | ||
'''1760: '''Eighteen hundred "planters" from Rhode Island and Connecticut settled lands vacated by Acadians in Nova Scotia. A few thousand more New Englanders and Ulster Irish soon followed. | '''1760: '''Eighteen hundred '''"planters" from Rhode Island and Connecticut''' settled lands '''vacated by Acadians in Nova Scotia'''. A few thousand more '''New Englanders and Ulster Irish''' soon followed. | ||
'''1783–1784: '''More than 30,000 [http://www.uelac.org/Loyalist-Info/Loyalist-Info.php Loyalist refugees] came to Canada as a result of the American Revolution. They settled in the Maritime Provinces, the Eastern Townships section of Quebec, and in the area between the Ottawa and St. Lawrence river valleys, eventually to be called Upper Canada. The Loyalists were soon followed by other Americans coming for land. | '''1783–1784: '''More than 30,000 [http://www.uelac.org/Loyalist-Info/Loyalist-Info.php '''Loyalist refugees'''] came to Canada as a result of the American Revolution. They settled in the '''Maritime Provinces, the Eastern Townships section of Quebec, and in the area between the Ottawa and St. Lawrence river valleys, eventually to be called Upper Canada'''. The Loyalists were soon followed by other Americans coming for land. | ||
'''1800: '''Upper Canada (Ontario) had about 35,000 people, including 23,000 Loyalists and "late Loyalists" and their descendants, mainly from upstate New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. They were principally established on farms along the upper St. Lawrence River valley. | '''1800: '''Upper Canada (Ontario) had about 35,000 people, including 23,000 '''Loyalists and "late Loyalists" and their descendants, mainly from upstate New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania'''. They were principally established on farms along the upper St. Lawrence River valley. | ||
'''1812: '''Because of the War of 1812, authorities restricted immigration from the United States and encouraged immigration from the British Isles. | '''1812: '''Because of the War of 1812, authorities restricted immigration from the United States and '''encouraged immigration from the British Isles'''. | ||
'''1815: '''After the close of the Napoleonic wars in Europe, many immigrants settled along the St. Lawrence River. Although many immigrants continued on to the United States, soon the "late Loyalists" were joined by many English, Scottish, and Irish settlers. | '''1815: '''After the close of the Napoleonic wars in Europe, many immigrants settled along the St. Lawrence River. Although many immigrants continued on to the United States, soon the "late Loyalists" were joined by many '''English, Scottish, and Irish settlers'''. | ||
'''1815–1850: '''Greatest immigration was from Scotland and Ireland to Atlantic colonies. A few thousand came each year. | '''1815–1850: '''Greatest immigration was from '''Scotland and Ireland''' to Atlantic colonies. A few thousand came each year. | ||
'''1818: '''The influx of Protestant Irish to Upper Canada began in earnest. | '''1818: '''The influx of '''Protestant Irish to Upper Canada''' began in earnest. | ||
'''1830s: '''The great Irish immigration took place, especially to New Brunswick. | '''1830s: '''The '''great Irish immigration '''took place, especially to '''New Brunswick'''. | ||
'''1846–1850s: '''During the Famine Migration from Ireland, tens of thousands settled farms and towns of Upper and Lower Canada. | '''1846–1850s: '''During the '''Famine Migration from Ireland''', tens of thousands settled farms and towns of Upper and Lower Canada. | ||
'''1881: '''A record number of people immigrated; many headed for Manitoba. The best Manitoba farmland was settled by people from Ontario. | '''1881: '''A record number of people immigrated; many headed for '''Manitoba'''. The best Manitoba farmland was settled by '''people from Ontario'''. | ||
'''1890s: '''The boom era began in western Canada because much of the best public land in United States had already been homesteaded. | '''1890s: '''The '''boom era began in western Canada''' because much of the best public land in United States had already been homesteaded. | ||
'''1896–1914: '''The Canadian government’s aggressive immigration policy encouraged agricultural settlers from Britain, then the United States. Canadian colonization agents at the seaports of Hamburg and Bremen recruited Poles, Germans, [http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/immigration/immigration-records/immigrants-ukraine-1891-1930/Pages/introduction.aspx Ukrainians], and Austro-Hungarians. | '''1896–1914: '''The Canadian government’s aggressive immigration policy '''encouraged agricultural settlers from Britain, then the United States'''. Canadian '''colonization agents''' at the seaports of Hamburg and Bremen '''recruited Poles, Germans, [http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/immigration/immigration-records/immigrants-ukraine-1891-1930/Pages/introduction.aspx Ukrainians], and Austro-Hungarians.''' | ||
'''1900s: '''The early 1900s were the peak of U.S. immigration to Canada. | '''1900s: '''The early 1900s were the peak of U.S. immigration to Canada. | ||
'''1931: '''The 1931 census showed 1,300,000 U.S.-born residents settled throughout Canada: over 12 percent of the population | '''1931: '''The 1931 census showed 1,300,000 '''U.S.-born residents''' settled throughout Canada: over 12 percent of the population. | ||
====Passenger Arrival Records before 1865==== | |||
Other sources of lists for this period include: | Other sources of lists for this period include: | ||