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==Haitian Diaspora== | ==Haitian Diaspora== | ||
*Haiti has a sizeable diaspora, present in the '''United States, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Canada, France, the Bahamas, Brazil, and Chile'''. They also live in other countries like '''Belgium, Turks and Caicos, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands''', among others. | *Haiti has a sizeable diaspora, present in the '''United States, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Canada, France, the Bahamas, Brazil, and Chile'''. They also live in other countries like '''Belgium, Turks and Caicos, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands''', among others. | ||
*In the '''United States''' alone, there are an estimated 2,003,000 people of Haitian ancestry, according to the 2010 Census; an estimated 500,000–800,000 Haitians live in the '''Dominican Republic''' and there is a Haitian community of about 165,000 in '''Canada'''. There are 105,000 Haitians in '''Chile''', the Haitian community in '''France''' numbers about 58,973, and up to 80,000 Haitians now live in the '''Bahamas.''' | *In the '''United States''' alone, there are an estimated 2,003,000 people of Haitian ancestry, according to the 2010 Census; an estimated 500,000–800,000 Haitians live in the '''Dominican Republic''' and there is a Haitian community of about 165,000 in '''Canada'''. There are 105,000 Haitians in '''Chile''', the Haitian community in '''France''' numbers about 58,973, and up to 80,000 Haitians now live in the '''Bahamas.'''<ref name="dia">"Haitian diaspora", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_diaspora, accessed 13 June 2021.</ref> | ||
*There is a significant Haitian population in '''South Florida, specifically the Miami enclave of Little Haiti'''. '''New Orleans, Louisiana''' has many historic ties to Haiti that date back to the Haitian Revolution. '''New York City, especially in Flatbush, East Flatbush and Springfield Gardens''', has a thriving émigré community with the second largest population of Haitians of any state in the nation. There are large and active Haitian communities in '''Boston; Spring Valley (New York); New Jersey; Washington D.C.; Providence; Georgia; Connecticut and Pennsylvania. There are also large Haitian communities in Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Paris, France; Havana, Cuba; San Juan and Kingston.'''<ref> | ===Haitian Americans=== | ||
*There is a significant Haitian population in '''South Florida, specifically the Miami enclave of Little Haiti'''. '''New Orleans, Louisiana''' has many historic ties to Haiti that date back to the Haitian Revolution. '''New York City, especially in Flatbush, East Flatbush and Springfield Gardens''', has a thriving émigré community with the second largest population of Haitians of any state in the nation. There are large and active Haitian communities in '''Boston; Spring Valley (New York); New Jersey; Washington D.C.; Providence; Georgia; Connecticut and Pennsylvania. There are also large Haitian communities in Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Paris, France; Havana, Cuba; San Juan and Kingston.'''<ref name="dia"/> | |||
</ | ===Haitian Canadians=== | ||
*Many Haitians chose '''Canada''' as their new home, specifically '''Quebec''', for linguistic and religious reasons. In coming to Canada, professional Haitians often had to bypass a Duvalier law forbidding them to leave Haiti. They frequently were forced to flee Haiti with false documents and with no legal proof of identity. Upon arrival in Canada they would declare their status as political refugees. The trend of French-speaking Haitian immigrants to Canada was to settle in Quebec. By 1965, some 2,000 Haitians had arrived. The period covering the late 1960 through the 1970s saw a dramatic change in both the volume and background of Haitian immigrants. This was the beginning of the massive exodus in response to the Duvalier regime. | |||
*Haitians were drawn to Canada because of its tolerant immigration laws – foreign visitors, arriving with only a tourist visas, could later apply for landed immigrant status while in Canada. Canada also held an Eden-like quality for the Haitians, an image painted by friends already in Quebec who sent reports home that employment was abundant and well-paid. From 1973 to 1976 an average of approximately 3,000 Haitians were admitted to Canada each year, with a peak of 4,750 in 1974. The settlement of Haitians in Canada by the end of the exodus was estimated to have reached 45,070, according to Citizenship and Immigration Canada.<ref name="dia/"> | |||
===Haitian Cubans=== | |||
*Haitian Creole and culture first entered Cuba with the arrival of Haitian immigrants at the start of the 19th century. Haiti was a French colony, and the final years of the 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution brought a wave of French settlers and their Haitian slaves to Cuba. They came mainly to the east, and especially Guantanamo, where the French later introduced sugar cultivation, constructed sugar refineries and developed coffee plantations. By 1804, some 30,000 French were living in Baracoa and Maisí, the furthest eastern municipalities of the province. Later, Haitians continued to come to Cuba to work as braceros (hand workers, from the Spanish word brazo, meaning "arm") in the fields cutting cane. <ref name="dia/"> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||