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Russia Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions
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*The southernmost such post of the '''Russian American Company''' was '''Fort Ross''', established in 1812 some 50 miles '''north of San Francisco''', as an agricultural supply base for Russian America. It was part of the Russian-America Company, and consisted of four outposts, including '''Bodega Bay, the Russian River, and the Farallon Islands'''. | *The southernmost such post of the '''Russian American Company''' was '''Fort Ross''', established in 1812 some 50 miles '''north of San Francisco''', as an agricultural supply base for Russian America. It was part of the Russian-America Company, and consisted of four outposts, including '''Bodega Bay, the Russian River, and the Farallon Islands'''. | ||
*Russian America was not a profitable colony because of high transportation costs and the declining animal population. *After it was purchased by the United States in 1867, most Russian settlers went back to Russia, but some resettled in southern Alaska and California. Most Russians in Alaska today are descendants of Russian settlers who came just before, during, and/or after Soviet era. | *Russian America was not a profitable colony because of high transportation costs and the declining animal population. *After it was purchased by the United States in 1867, most Russian settlers went back to Russia, but some resettled in southern Alaska and California. Most Russians in Alaska today are descendants of Russian settlers who came just before, during, and/or after Soviet era. | ||
=====Russian American Immigration===== | |||
*Between 1820 and 1870 only 7,550 Russians immigrated to the United States, but starting with 1881, immigration rate exceeded 10,000 a year: 593,700 in 1891–1900, 1.6 million in 1901–1910, 868,000 in 1911–1914, and 43,000 in 1915–1917. Millions traveled to the new world in the last decade of the 19th century, some for political reasons, some for economic reasons, and some for a combination of both. | |||
*The most prominent Russian groups that immigrated in this period were groups from Imperial Russia seeking '''freedom from religious persecution:''' | |||
:*Russian Jews, escaping the 1881–1882 pogroms by Alexander III, who moved to '''New York City and other coastal cities'''; | |||
:*Spiritual Christians, treated as heretics at home, who settled largely in the cities of '''Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Portland, Oregon;''' | |||
:*'''Shtundists''' who moved to '''Virginia and the Dakotas; | |||
:*and mostly between 1874 and 1880 German-speaking '''Anabaptists, Russian Mennonites and Hutterites''', who left the Russian Empire and settled mainly in '''Kansas (Mennonites), the Dakota Territory, and Montana (Hutterites)'''; | |||
:*1908–1910, the '''Old Believers''' settled in small groups in '''California, Oregon (particularly the Willamette Valley region), Pennsylvania, and New York.''' | |||
==Records of Russian Emigrants in Their Destination Nations== | ==Records of Russian Emigrants in Their Destination Nations== | ||