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England Emigration and Immigration (view source)
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=== Finding the Emigrant’s Place of Origin === | === Finding the Emigrant’s Place of Origin === | ||
Once you have traced your family back to an English emigrant, you must determine the parish where he or she lived. If the individual immigrated after 1 July 1837, you may find the place of origin by using the general indexes to births, marriages, and deaths. (See [[England Civil Registration|Civil Registration]].) There is no complete nationwide index to pre-1837 birth, marriage, or death records. The International Genealogical Index (IGI) (See [[England Genealogy|England Genealogy]]) and Boyd’s Marriage Index (see the "Indexes to Marriages" in [[England Church Records|England Church Records]]) are partial national indexes that you can try before searching emigration records. | Once you have traced your family back to an English emigrant, you must determine the parish where he or she lived. If the individual immigrated after 1 July 1837, you may find the place of origin by using the general indexes to births, marriages, and deaths. (See the "[[England Civil Registration|Civil Registration]]".) There is no complete nationwide index to pre-1837 birth, marriage, or death records. The International Genealogical Index (IGI) (See [[England Genealogy|England Genealogy]]) and Boyd’s Marriage Index (see the "Indexes to Marriages" in [[England Church Records|England Church Records]]) are partial national indexes that you can try before searching emigration records. | ||
There are several sources that may reveal where your ancestor came from. You may learn your ancestor’s place of origin by talking to older family members. Other relatives may have documents naming the parish, city, or county, such as: | There are several sources that may reveal where your ancestor came from. You may learn your ancestor’s place of origin by talking to older family members. Other relatives may have documents naming the parish, city, or county, such as: | ||
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[[Image:British Ships at Deptford. Site of the first Royal Dockyard.jpg|thumb|right|356x232px]]Usually you will find the best information about your immigrant ancestor in the country he or she immigrated to. You may find the name, place of origin, occupation, and age of the immigrant. Knowing an approximate date and port of arrival or ship name will probably help you search immigration records. | [[Image:British Ships at Deptford. Site of the first Royal Dockyard.jpg|thumb|right|356x232px]]Usually you will find the best information about your immigrant ancestor in the country he or she immigrated to. You may find the name, place of origin, occupation, and age of the immigrant. Knowing an approximate date and port of arrival or ship name will probably help you search immigration records. | ||
Naturalization records in the destination country may also be an excellent source for determining your ancestor’s place of origin. See the "Naturalization and Citizenship" | Naturalization records in the destination country may also be an excellent source for determining your ancestor’s place of origin. See the "Naturalization and Citizenship" section of the destination country. Most immigration records at the Family History Library are listed in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under: | ||
[COUNTRY] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION | [COUNTRY] - EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION | ||
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Passenger lists into Canada are rare before 1865. Microfilm copies of lists from 1865 to 1900 are at the Family History Library. See [[Canada Emigration and Immigration]] for further information. | Passenger lists into Canada are rare before 1865. Microfilm copies of lists from 1865 to 1900 are at the Family History Library. See [[Canada Emigration and Immigration]] for further information. | ||
'''Australia'''. Australia was founded as an English penal colony in 1788. Immigration records vary by state in content and coverage. Some list the immigrant’s birthplace, residence in England, and education; his or her mother’s maiden name and parents’ names; and his or her father’s name, occupation, and residence. Some records are indexed. You might find the ship and arrival date in death certificates or published sources. Copies of most pre-1900 records are at the Family History Library. Look in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under: | '''Australia'''. Australia was founded as an English penal colony in 1788. Immigration records vary by state in content and coverage. Some list the immigrant’s birthplace, residence in England, and education; his or her mother’s maiden name and parents’ names; and his or her father’s name, occupation, and residence. Some records are indexed. You might find the ship and arrival date in death certificates or published sources. Copies of most pre-1900 records are at the Family History Library. Look in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under: | ||
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Coldham, Peter W. ''American Wills and Administrations in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 1610–1857''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 1989. (FHL book 942 P27c.) | Coldham, Peter W. ''American Wills and Administrations in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 1610–1857''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 1989. (FHL book 942 P27c.) | ||
For more information see [[England Probate Records]]. | For more information see "[[England Probate Records|Probate Records]]". | ||
'''Other Records'''. The Public Record Office has many other records that refer to emigrants. Of particular importance are the "poor law union" papers, which among many other things include some records of poor- relief emigration from 1834 to 1900. These records are at the Public Record Office, class MH 12. For information on other emigration records at the Public Record Office, use the Kew Lists. (See [[England Archives and Libraries]]. | '''Other Records'''. The Public Record Office has many other records that refer to emigrants. Of particular importance are the "poor law union" papers, which among many other things include some records of poor- relief emigration from 1834 to 1900. These records are at the Public Record Office, class MH 12. For information on other emigration records at the Public Record Office, use the Kew Lists. (See the "[[England Archives and Libraries|Archives and Libraries]]". | ||
There are other lists of emigrants by authors such as Peter W. Coldham, Michael Tepper, and P. William Filby. <!--{12081841972180} --><!--{12081841972181} --> | There are other lists of emigrants by authors such as Peter W. Coldham, Michael Tepper, and P. William Filby. <!--{12081841972180} --><!--{12081841972181} --> | ||
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People immigrating to England came primarily from continental Europe. Specific immigrant groups include refugees from wars (such as the French Revolution) or from religious persecution (such as Huguenots and Jews). | People immigrating to England came primarily from continental Europe. Specific immigrant groups include refugees from wars (such as the French Revolution) or from religious persecution (such as Huguenots and Jews). | ||
No regular series of arrival records exists before 1836. The few that exist are not indexed. If your ancestor immigrated to England before 1836, search naturalization and denization records. (See [[England Naturalization and Citizenship]]. Beginning in 1836 certificates exist for aliens. These are arranged by port, and give the individual’s name, nationality, profession, date arrived, country last visited, and signature. | No regular series of arrival records exists before 1836. The few that exist are not indexed. If your ancestor immigrated to England before 1836, search naturalization and denization records. (See "[[England Naturalization and Citizenship|Naturalization and Citizenship]]". Beginning in 1836 certificates exist for aliens. These are arranged by port, and give the individual’s name, nationality, profession, date arrived, country last visited, and signature. | ||
Starting in 1878 there are lists of incoming passengers which give the passenger’s name, birthplace, last residence, and sometimes an address of a relative in the country of origin. However, passengers from Europe or the Mediterranean did not have to be listed. All of these immigration records are at the National Archives in London. | Starting in 1878 there are lists of incoming passengers which give the passenger’s name, birthplace, last residence, and sometimes an address of a relative in the country of origin. However, passengers from Europe or the Mediterranean did not have to be listed. All of these immigration records are at the National Archives in London. | ||