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Emigration and immigration sources list the names of people leaving (emigrating) or arriving (immigrating) in the country. These sources may be passenger lists, permissions to emigrate, or records of passports issued. The information in these records may include the emigrants’ names, ages, occupations, destinations, and places of origin or birthplaces. Sometimes they also show family groups. | Emigration and immigration sources list the names of people leaving (emigrating) or arriving (immigrating) in the country. These sources may be passenger lists, permissions to emigrate, or records of passports issued. The information in these records may include the emigrants’ names, ages, occupations, destinations, and places of origin or birthplaces. Sometimes they also show family groups. | ||
===Immigration to Guatemala=== | ===Immigration to Guatemala=== | ||
====Spanish Guatemalans==== | |||
*The arrival of the Spaniards in Guatemala began in 1524 with the conquest of the '''Guatemalan Highlands and neighboring Pacific plain''' under the command of Pedro de Alvarado. After the conquest and the colonial era, more people came to the country not as conquerors, but to do business or daily activities. | |||
*Historians estimate that only a few thousand Spaniards settled in Guatemala before independence. As a result of Guatemala having few naturally-rich resources, like gold and silver, the Spanish conquest focused their efforts on forced labor of the indigenous population.<ref>"Spanish immigration to Guatemala", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_Guatemala, accessed 6 June 2021.</ref> | |||
====German Guatemalans==== | ====German Guatemalans==== | ||
*Guatemala had a massive immigration of Germans in the nineteenth century. Guatemala currently has a strong community of Germans who make up the majority of European immigrants in the country, and it is also the most numerous German community in all Central American countries. | *Guatemala had a massive immigration of Germans in the nineteenth century. Guatemala currently has a strong community of Germans who make up the majority of European immigrants in the country, and it is also the most numerous German community in all Central American countries. | ||
*In the 1940s, 8,000 German immigrants lived in Guatemala. | *In the 1940s, 8,000 German immigrants lived in Guatemala. | ||
*The first German colonists arrived in the mid-19th century, and soon German settlers acquired land and operated coffee plantations in '''Alta Verapaz and Quetzaltenango'''. '''Cobán''' became an important center for German settlers. Other German operations cultivated tea, cocoa, and vanilla. While most Germans went to Cobán, others went to '''San Juan Chamelco and Xelaju (Quetzaltenango)'''. Cobán later came to be monopolized by German trade in wholesale stores. | *The first German colonists arrived in the mid-19th century, and soon German settlers acquired land and operated coffee plantations in '''Alta Verapaz and Quetzaltenango'''. '''Cobán''' became an important center for German settlers. Other German operations cultivated tea, cocoa, and vanilla. While most Germans went to Cobán, others went to '''San Juan Chamelco and Xelaju (Quetzaltenango)'''. Cobán later came to be monopolized by German trade in wholesale stores. | ||
*In Guatemala, according to the embassy, there are more than 5,000 Germans living permanently in Guatemala, as well as several thousand more of German descent.<ref>"German Guatemalans", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Guatemalan, accessed 6 June 2021.</ref> | *In Guatemala, according to the embassy, there are more than 5,000 Germans living permanently in Guatemala, as well as several thousand more of German descent.<ref>"German Guatemalans", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Guatemalan, accessed 6 June 2021.</ref> | ||
====French Guatemalans==== | ====French Guatemalans==== | ||
*Guatemalans of French descent make up the '''third largest European-descended group in Guatemala'''', after the German Guatemalans and Spanish Guatemalans. | *Guatemalans of French descent make up the '''third largest European-descended group in Guatemala'''', after the German Guatemalans and Spanish Guatemalans. | ||