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*Between the 15th and early 19th centuries, the Spanish Empire was the sole colonial power in the Banda Oriental (now Uruguay). Thus, before 1811, a great part of the European settlers in Uruguay were from Spain, and they carried the Spanish colonial administration, including religious affairs, government and commercial business. A substantial '''Spanish-descended Criollo population''' gradually built up in the new cities, while some mixed with the indigenous populations '''(mestizos)''', with the Black slave population '''(mulattoes)''' or with other European immigrants. | *Between the 15th and early 19th centuries, the Spanish Empire was the sole colonial power in the Banda Oriental (now Uruguay). Thus, before 1811, a great part of the European settlers in Uruguay were from Spain, and they carried the Spanish colonial administration, including religious affairs, government and commercial business. A substantial '''Spanish-descended Criollo population''' gradually built up in the new cities, while some mixed with the indigenous populations '''(mestizos)''', with the Black slave population '''(mulattoes)''' or with other European immigrants. | ||
*The Spanish immigrants arriving between 18th and 20th century have different origins, but a significant number of them are from '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Uruguayans#Canary_Islands the Canary Islands], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Uruguayans#Catalonia Catalonia], Galicia and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Uruguayans#Basque_Country Basque Country].''' | *The Spanish immigrants arriving between 18th and 20th century have different origins, but a significant number of them are from '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Uruguayans#Canary_Islands the Canary Islands], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Uruguayans#Catalonia Catalonia], Galicia and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Uruguayans#Basque_Country Basque Country].''' | ||
====Italian Uruguayans==== | |||
*It is estimated that more than '''one third of Uruguayans are of Italian descent'''. Outside of Italy, Uruguay has one of the highest percentages of Italians in the world. | |||
*The first Italians arrived in Spanish and Portuguese colonies of South America in the 16th century. In what is now Uruguay, the first Italians were primarily from the '''Republic of Genoa''' and worked in the business and commerce related to the transoceanic shipping between "old and new world". | |||
*The Italian population continued to grow into the 19th century. and when the constitution of Uruguay was adopted '''in 1830, there were thousands of Italian-Uruguayans, mostly in the capital, Montevideo.''' | |||
*Immigrants from other areas of Italy followed with Lombardi exiles, craftsmen, farmers, the followers of Garibaldi, Southern Italians of various trades and even those active in many other ways, including a minority of adventurers. | |||
*From 1875 to 1890, Italians were the largest part of a wave of immigration to Uruguay from Spain and Italy. That continued in the 20th century until the early 1960s, but was followed by a sharp reduction, coinciding with economic and political upheavals in both Uruguay and Italy. Then, Italian immigration continued to decline because of greater attraction exerted by Argentina, Brazil and the United States. By the end of the 20th century, the trend finally began to run out. | |||
*The first Italian immigrants who arrived in the land were almost all of '''Genoese, Piedmontese, Neapolitan, Sicilian and Venetian origin'''.<ref>"Italian Uruguayans", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Uruguayans, accessed 4 June 2021.</ref> | |||
===Emigration from Uruguay=== | ===Emigration from Uruguay=== | ||