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| *Before 1861, cities along migration routes such as '''Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo''' prospered. | | *Before 1861, cities along migration routes such as '''Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo''' prospered. |
| *Natives of other states such as '''New Jersey, Connecticut, and Vermont''' moved to New York in large numbers during the pre-Civil War era. | | *Natives of other states such as '''New Jersey, Connecticut, and Vermont''' moved to New York in large numbers during the pre-Civil War era. |
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| ====Scots and Irish====
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| Millions (approximately 3 million) Irish (mostly Catholic) immigrated to the United States. Hundreds of thousands settled in New York City in especially the mid to late 19th Century. Some stayed for a few years and then migrated into the rest of the United States. Their migration fanned out into the midwest, i.e. Chicago St. Louis, south (Alabama and Georgia) and out west. Visit the [http://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=180&cat=GP44&tf=F&bc=sl Famine Emigrants 1846-1851 database at the NARA] website for an online search of nearly 700,000 Irish Famine Immigrants, representing one of the most significant immigration epics of all time in America's history. In 1855, one in every four, or 54 percent of New York City's foreign-born population were Irish with over 200,000 registered as "born in Ireland". The largest New York immigrant passenger-list index, available for the first time for the years 1820 to 1957, is now online at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/DB.aspx?dbid=7488 Ancestry.com] with 68 million names. Here is an enlarged [[List of Irish Emigration]] websites for locating Irish ancestors on ships.
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| A helpful publication listing immigrants from Scotland is
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| *Dobson, David. ''Directory of Scottish Settlers in North America, 1625–1825'' (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1984–, Volumes 1–7. Family History Library book {{FHL|213085|title-id|disp=970 W2d}}). Each volume has its own index. Often the town or city of origin in Scotland is mentioned. About a quarter of the families settled in New York.
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| Passengers Aboard the "Buchannon", Newry to New York August 1765. A list of 43 passengers who travelled from Newry Co. Ireland to New York in August 1765 aboard the ship "Buchannon". Article in The Irish Ancestor, vol. XII. no. 1-2, 1980, page 52, Family History Library Ref. 941.5 B2i
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| ====Germans==== | | ====Germans==== |