Republic of the Congo Languages: Difference between revisions
m (→Additional Resources: creating language pages) |
m (Creating language page) |
||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
==Word List(s)== | ==Word List(s)== | ||
'''French''' | '''French''' | ||
*[[French Genealogical Word List]] | *[[French Genealogical Word List|French Genealogical Word List]] | ||
*[https://1000mostcommonwords.com/1000-most-common-french-words/ Most Common French Words] | *[https://1000mostcommonwords.com/1000-most-common-french-words/ Most Common French Words at 1000MostCommonWords] | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/french.php Useful French phrases] | *[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/french.php Useful French phrases at Omniglot] | ||
'''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | '''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | ||
*[http://www.kupsala.net/risto/kongo/kituba-english.html Kituba-English Word List] | *[http://www.kupsala.net/risto/kongo/kituba-english.html Kituba-English Word List at Kupsala] | ||
'''Lingala''' | '''Lingala''' | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/lingala.htm#phrases Useful phrases in Lingala] | *[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/lingala.htm#phrases Useful phrases in Lingala at Omniglot] | ||
*[https://www.101languages.net/lingala/lingala-word-list/ Lingala Word List] | *[https://www.101languages.net/lingala/lingala-word-list/ Lingala Word List at 101Languages] | ||
==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ||
'''French''' | '''French''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot] | ||
'''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | '''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/writing/kituba.htm Kituba Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://omniglot.com/writing/kituba.htm Kituba Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Vowels Kituba Vowels] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Vowels Kituba Vowels at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Consonants Kituba Consonants] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Consonants Kituba Consonants at Wikipedia] | ||
'''Lingala''' | '''Lingala''' | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/writing/lingala.htm Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://omniglot.com/writing/lingala.htm Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Phonology Lingala Phonology] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Phonology Lingala Phonology at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Alphabet Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Alphabet Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia] | ||
The Lingala language has 35 letters and digraphs. The digraphs each have a specific order in the alphabet; for example, ''mza'' will be expected to be ordered before ''mba'', because the digraph ''mb'' follows the letter ''m''. The letters ''r'' and ''h'' are rare but present in borrowed words. | The Lingala language has 35 letters and digraphs. The digraphs each have a specific order in the alphabet; for example, ''mza'' will be expected to be ordered before ''mba'', because the digraph ''mb'' follows the letter ''m''. The letters ''r'' and ''h'' are rare but present in borrowed words. | ||
The accents indicate the tones as follows: | The accents indicate the tones as follows: | ||
| Line 229: | Line 229: | ||
==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ||
'''French''' | '''French''' | ||
*[[French Handwriting]] | *[[French Handwriting|French Handwriting]] | ||
*[[French Letter Writing Guide]] | *[[French Letter Writing Guide|French Letter Writing Guide]] | ||
*[[France Languages| | *[[France Languages|France Languages]] | ||
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/french-english/ French to English Dictionary] | *[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/french-english/ French to English Dictionary at Cambridge] | ||
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/french_dictionary.htm French Dictionary] | *[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/french_dictionary.htm French Dictionary at Lexilogos] | ||
'''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | '''Kituba or Munukutuba''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Pronouns Kituba Pronouns] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Pronouns Kituba Pronouns at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Nouns Kituba Nouns] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Nouns Kituba Nouns at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Verbs Kituba Verbs] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituba_language#Verbs Kituba Verbs at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://glosbe.com/en/ktu Dictionary English - Kituba] | *[https://glosbe.com/en/ktu Dictionary English - Kituba at Glosbe] | ||
'''Lingala''' | '''Lingala''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Characteristics_and_usage Characteristics and usage] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Characteristics_and_usage Characteristics and usage at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Noun_class_system Lingala Noun class system] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Noun_class_system Lingala Noun class system at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Verbal_extensions Verbal extensions] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Verbal_extensions Verbal extensions at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Tense_inflections Tense inflections] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingala#Tense_inflections Tense inflections at Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/lingala_dictionary.htm Lingala dictionary] | *[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/lingala_dictionary.htm Lingala dictionary at Lexilogos] | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-dictionary-phrasebook-a-language-of-central-africa/oclc/953738585&referer=brief_results Lingala dictionary & phrasebook] | *[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-dictionary-phrasebook-a-language-of-central-africa/oclc/953738585&referer=brief_results Lingala dictionary & phrasebook] | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-grammar-and-dictionary-english-lingala-lingala-english/oclc/906621507&referer=brief_results Lingala : grammar and dictionary : English-Lingala, Lingala-English] | *[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-grammar-and-dictionary-english-lingala-lingala-english/oclc/906621507&referer=brief_results Lingala : grammar and dictionary : English-Lingala, Lingala-English] | ||
==Additional Resources== | ==Additional Resources== | ||
*[https://www.jstor.org/stable/20006662?seq=1 Kituba (Lingua Franca Kikongo)] | *[https://www.jstor.org/stable/20006662?seq=1 Kituba (Lingua Franca Kikongo) at JSTOR] | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/kituba-basic-course/oclc/78807472&referer=brief_results Kituba, basic course] | *[https://www.worldcat.org/title/kituba-basic-course/oclc/78807472&referer=brief_results Kituba, basic course] | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-basic-course/oclc/3100336&referer=brief_results Lingala : basic course] | *[https://www.worldcat.org/title/lingala-basic-course/oclc/3100336&referer=brief_results Lingala : basic course] | ||
Revision as of 16:37, 22 April 2022
| Republic of the Congo Wiki Topics | |
 | |
| Beginning Research | |
| Record Types | |
| Republic of the Congo Background | |
| Local Research Resources | |
Description[edit | edit source]
The Republic of the Congo, also known as Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country located in the western coast of Central Africa. It should not be confused with the large neighboring country of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [1] The official language is French with Kituba and Lingala as national languages.
- French - Spoken by 30% of the Congolese population
- Kituba or Munukutuba - A simplified Kikongo creole is used by 50.35% of the population who live in the south
- Lingala - The river language that is spoken mainly in the north and east and has grown quickly in the past few years [2]
Word List(s)[edit | edit source]
French
- French Genealogical Word List
- Most Common French Words at 1000MostCommonWords
- Useful French phrases at Omniglot
Kituba or Munukutuba
Lingala
Alphabet and Pronunciation[edit | edit source]
French
Kituba or Munukutuba
- Kituba Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot
- Kituba Vowels at Wikipedia
- Kituba Consonants at Wikipedia
Lingala
- Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot
- Lingala Phonology at Wikipedia
- Lingala Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia
The Lingala language has 35 letters and digraphs. The digraphs each have a specific order in the alphabet; for example, mza will be expected to be ordered before mba, because the digraph mb follows the letter m. The letters r and h are rare but present in borrowed words. The accents indicate the tones as follows:
- no accent for default tone, the low tone
- acute accent for the high tone
- circumflex for descending tone
- caron for ascending tone
| Variants | Example | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| a | A | á â ǎ | nyama, matáta, sâmbóle, libwǎ |
| b | B | bísó | |
| c | C | ciluba | |
| d | D | madɛ́su | |
| e | E | é ê ě | komeka, mésa, kobênga |
| ɛ | Ɛ | ɛ́ ɛ̂ ɛ̌ | lɛlɔ́, lɛ́ki, tɛ̂ |
| f | F | lifúta | |
| g | G | kogánga | |
| gb | Gb | gbagba | |
| h | H | bohlu (bohrium) | |
| i | I | í î ǐ | wápi, zíko, tî, esǐ |
| k | K | kokoma | |
| l | L | kolála | |
| m | M | kokóma | |
| mb | Mb | kolámba, mbwá, mbɛlí | |
| mp | Mp | límpa | |
| n | N | líno | |
| nd | Nd | ndeko | |
| ng | Ng | ndéngé | |
| nk | Nk | nkámá | |
| ns | Ns | nsɔ́mi | |
| nt | Nt | ntaba | |
| ny | Ny | nyama | |
| nz | Nz | nzala | |
| o | o | ó ô ǒ | moto, sóngóló, sékô |
| ɔ | Ɔ | ɔ́ ɔ̂ ɔ̌ | sɔsɔ, yɔ́, sɔ̂lɔ, tɔ̌ |
| p | P | pɛnɛpɛnɛ | |
| r | R | malaríya | |
| s | S | kopésa | |
| t | T | tatá | |
| u | U | ú | butú, koúma |
| v | V | kovánda | |
| w | W | káwa | |
| y | Y | koyéba | |
| z | Z | kozala |
Language Aids and Dictionaries[edit | edit source]
French
- French Handwriting
- French Letter Writing Guide
- France Languages
- French to English Dictionary at Cambridge
- French Dictionary at Lexilogos
Kituba or Munukutuba
- Kituba Pronouns at Wikipedia
- Kituba Nouns at Wikipedia
- Kituba Verbs at Wikipedia
- Dictionary English - Kituba at Glosbe
Lingala
- Characteristics and usage at Wikipedia
- Lingala Noun class system at Wikipedia
- Verbal extensions at Wikipedia
- Tense inflections at Wikipedia
- Lingala dictionary at Lexilogos
- Lingala dictionary & phrasebook
- Lingala : grammar and dictionary : English-Lingala, Lingala-English
Additional Resources[edit | edit source]
- Kituba (Lingua Franca Kikongo) at JSTOR
- Kituba, basic course
- Lingala : basic course
- Learn to speak Lingala
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Republic of the Congo," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo, accessed 8 April 2021.
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of the Republic of the Congo," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo, accessed 8 April 2021.