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==Word List(s)== | ==Word List(s)== | ||
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/tongan.php Useful Tongan phrases - Omniglot] | *[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/tongan.php Useful Tongan phrases - Omniglot] | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ Tongan alphabet | |+Tongan alphabet | ||
! Letter | !Letter | ||
| '''a''' | |'''a''' | ||
| '''e''' | |'''e''' | ||
| '''f''' | |'''f''' | ||
| '''h''' | |'''h''' | ||
| '''i''' | |'''i''' | ||
| '''k''' | |'''k''' | ||
| '''l''' | |'''l''' | ||
| '''m''' | |'''m''' | ||
| '''n''' | |'''n''' | ||
| '''ng''' | |'''ng''' | ||
| '''o''' | |'''o''' | ||
| '''p''' | |'''p''' | ||
| '''s''' | |'''s''' | ||
| '''t''' | |'''t''' | ||
| '''u''' | |'''u''' | ||
| '''v''' | |'''v''' | ||
| '''{{okina}}''' (''fakau{{okina}}a'') | |'''{{okina}}''' (''fakau{{okina}}a'') | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Pronunciation | !Pronunciation | ||
| /a/ | |/a/ | ||
| /e/ | |/e/ | ||
| /f/ | |/f/ | ||
| /h/ | |/h/ | ||
| /i/ | |/i/ | ||
| /k/ | |/k/ | ||
| /l/ | |/l/ | ||
| /m/ | |/m/ | ||
| /n/ | |/n/ | ||
| /ŋ/<sup>1</sup> | |/ŋ/<sup>1</sup> | ||
| /o/ | |/o/ | ||
| /p/<sup>2</sup> | |/p/<sup>2</sup> | ||
| /s/<sup>3</sup> | |/s/<sup>3</sup> | ||
| /t/ | |/t/ | ||
| /u/ | |/u/ | ||
| /v/ | |/v/ | ||
| /ʔ/<sup>4</sup> | |/ʔ/<sup>4</sup> | ||
|} | |} | ||
Notes: | Notes: | ||
# written as ''g'' but still pronounced as [ŋ] (as in Samoan) before 1943 | |||
# unaspirated; written as ''b'' before 1943 | #written as ''g'' but still pronounced as [ŋ] (as in Samoan) before 1943 | ||
# sometimes written as ''j'' before 1943 | #unaspirated; written as ''b'' before 1943 | ||
# the glottal stop. It should be written with the modifier letter turned comma and not with the single quote open or with a mixture of quotes open and quotes close. | #sometimes written as ''j'' before 1943 | ||
#the glottal stop. It should be written with the modifier letter turned comma and not with the single quote open or with a mixture of quotes open and quotes close. | |||
==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ||
'''Language Aids''' | '''Language Aids''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_language#Cardinal_pronouns Cardinal pronouns - Wikipedia] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_language#Cardinal_pronouns Cardinal pronouns - Wikipedia] | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_language#Possessive_pronouns Possessive pronouns - Wikipedia] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongan_language#Possessive_pronouns Possessive pronouns - Wikipedia] | ||
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'''Dictionaries''' | '''Dictionaries''' | ||
* Wm Y Turner, '''''Tumbuka-Tonga-English dictionary''''', Blantyre, Hetherwick Press 1952 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/tumbuka-tonga-english-dictionary/oclc/1502034&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | |||
* Afa Tesi, '''''Tonga language : the Tonga phrasebook and dictionary''''', United States : CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2016 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/tonga-language-the-tonga-phrasebook-and-dictionary/oclc/1080148155&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | *Wm Y Turner, '''''Tumbuka-Tonga-English dictionary''''', Blantyre, Hetherwick Press 1952 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/tumbuka-tonga-english-dictionary/oclc/1502034&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | ||
* | *Afa Tesi, '''''Tonga language : the Tonga phrasebook and dictionary''''', United States : CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2016 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/tonga-language-the-tonga-phrasebook-and-dictionary/oclc/1080148155&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | ||
*Richard H Thompson, '''''The student's English-Tongan and Tongan-English dictionary''''', Palo Alto, Calif. : Friendly Isles Press, 2000 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/students-english-tongan-and-tongan-english-dictionary/oclc/49518902&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | |||
'''Online Dictionaries''' | '''Online Dictionaries''' | ||
*[https://en.glosbe.com/en/to English-Tongan Dictionary (Glosbe)] | *[https://en.glosbe.com/en/to English-Tongan Dictionary (Glosbe)] | ||
==Additional Resources== | ==Additional Resources== | ||
* C R Hopgood, '''''A practical introduction to Tonga''''', London, New York, Longmans, Green 1953 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/practical-introduction-to-tonga/oclc/269267&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | |||
* Noel Rutherford, '''''Friendly Islands : a history of Tonga''''', New York : Oxford University Press, 1977 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/friendly-islands-a-history-of-tonga/oclc/3763430&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | *C R Hopgood, '''''A practical introduction to Tonga''''', London, New York, Longmans, Green 1953 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/practical-introduction-to-tonga/oclc/269267&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | ||
*Noel Rutherford, '''''Friendly Islands : a history of Tonga''''', New York : Oxford University Press, 1977 - [https://www.worldcat.org/title/friendly-islands-a-history-of-tonga/oclc/3763430&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
[[Category:Tonga]] | [[Category:Tonga]] | ||
<references /> | |||