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== Surnames == | == Surnames == | ||
===Historical Development of Surnames=== | ===Historical Development of Surnames=== | ||
See, [[Spain Personal Names#Surnames Historical Development|'''Surnames Historical Development in Spain Personal Names'''.]] In Spain, the name system was well established by the 1100s, and the naming customs of Spain became the basis for other Spanish-speaking countries. The historical development of these practices, described in this article, all took place in Spain before they began colonizing | See, [[Spain Personal Names#Surnames Historical Development|'''Surnames Historical Development in Spain Personal Names'''.]] In Spain, the name system was well established by the 1100s, and the naming customs of Spain became the basis for other Spanish-speaking countries. The historical development of these practices, described in this article, all took place in Spain before they began colonizing Peru. Hereditary surnames were well-established when Spaniards brought them to Peru. | ||
===Surname Customs=== | ===Surname Customs=== | ||
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*In the sixteenth century, the Spanish adopted the conjunction '''"y" ("and")''' to distinguish a person's surnames, e.g. Luis de Góngora y Argote or Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes. The conjunction '"y" avoids confusion when the paternal surname might appear to be a given name. Without it, the Santiago Ramón y Cajal might appear to be named Santiago Ramón and surnamed Cajal, when actually his given name is Santiago and Ramón y Cajal is his surname. | *In the sixteenth century, the Spanish adopted the conjunction '''"y" ("and")''' to distinguish a person's surnames, e.g. Luis de Góngora y Argote or Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes. The conjunction '"y" avoids confusion when the paternal surname might appear to be a given name. Without it, the Santiago Ramón y Cajal might appear to be named Santiago Ramón and surnamed Cajal, when actually his given name is Santiago and Ramón y Cajal is his surname. | ||
*When the maternal surname begins with an "i" vowel sound (written with I, Y, Hi + consonant), Spanish substitutes '''"e in place of y"''', e.g. Eduardo Dato e Iradier.<ref>"Spanish naming customs", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_naming_customs, accessed 19 February 2021.</ref> | *When the maternal surname begins with an "i" vowel sound (written with I, Y, Hi + consonant), Spanish substitutes '''"e in place of y"''', e.g. Eduardo Dato e Iradier.<ref>"Spanish naming customs", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_naming_customs, accessed 19 February 2021.</ref> | ||
== Given Names == | == Given Names == | ||
*In | *In Peru, many given names are usually derived from biblical names, such as José (Joseph, husband of Mary) or from the names of a saint, such as Bartolomé (Bartholomew). Some Spanish people used compound given names (nombres compuestos) such as María del Socorro. | ||
*When baptized, children were usually given one or more given names. One of these might be the name of the Saint Day from the day of baptism. The first name, or baptismal name (nombre de pila), may not have been used in the child’s life. In | *When baptized, children were usually given one or more given names. One of these might be the name of the Saint Day from the day of baptism. The first name, or baptismal name (nombre de pila), may not have been used in the child’s life. In Peru, the child was usually called by the second or third name given at baptism; this is especially true if the first name was María or José. | ||
===Name Endings === | ===Name Endings === | ||
Spanish names also may be gendered by way of spelling. In general, only '''male names end with "o"''': e.g., Francisco. Only '''female names end with "a"''': e.g., Francisca. | Spanish names also may be gendered by way of spelling. In general, only '''male names end with "o"''': e.g., Francisco. Only '''female names end with "a"''': e.g., Francisca. | ||
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**{{FHL|337527|subject_id|disp= Spain - Names, Personal}} | **{{FHL|337527|subject_id|disp= Spain - Names, Personal}} | ||
**{{FHL|787231|subject_id|disp= Spain - Names, Personal - Dictionaries}} | **{{FHL|787231|subject_id|disp= Spain - Names, Personal - Dictionaries}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||