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The national government of Canada has taken censuses every ten years since 1871 and every five years since 1971. The 1871 census covers the four original provinces: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario. The first coast-to-coast census was taken in 1881. | The national government of Canada has taken censuses every ten years since 1871 and every five years since 1971. The 1871 census covers the four original provinces: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario. The first coast-to-coast census was taken in 1881. | ||
== Early Censuses == | == Early Censuses == | ||
===1827-1856=== | |||
The pre-1870 census returns of Manitoba (Red River Settlement) list the heads of households and some other information such as, age, religion, country of birth, married or widowed, number of sons and daughters, and agricultural data (for example, the number of livestock, the number of buildings, and the number of acres under cultivation). Almost all of these censuses were taken by the '''Hudson’s Bay Company'''. | The pre-1870 census returns of Manitoba (Red River Settlement) list the heads of households and some other information such as, age, religion, country of birth, married or widowed, number of sons and daughters, and agricultural data (for example, the number of livestock, the number of buildings, and the number of acres under cultivation). Almost all of these censuses were taken by the '''Hudson’s Bay Company'''. | ||
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The Provincial Archives of Manitoba [http://pam.minisisinc.com/SCRIPTS/MWIMAIN.DLL/125254313/1/14/3898?RECORD&DATABASE=DESCRIPTION_WEB_INT for the years 1832, 1833, 1838, 1840, 1843, 1846–1847, 1849, and 1856 (incomplete)]. These are available on microfilm at the National Archives of Canada and the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/57918?availability=Family%20History%20Library Family History Library]. | The Provincial Archives of Manitoba [http://pam.minisisinc.com/SCRIPTS/MWIMAIN.DLL/125254313/1/14/3898?RECORD&DATABASE=DESCRIPTION_WEB_INT for the years 1832, 1833, 1838, 1840, 1843, 1846–1847, 1849, and 1856 (incomplete)]. These are available on microfilm at the National Archives of Canada and the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/57918?availability=Family%20History%20Library Family History Library]. | ||
=== Index === | ===- Index ==== | ||
*Morin, Gail, editor. [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/825991?availability=Family%20History%20Library '''''Red River Settlement Censuses Index for 1827, 1828,1829,1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, 1835, 1838, 1840 and 1843''''']. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/censuses-of-the-red-river-settlement-an-index-to-censuses-for-the-years-1827-1828-1829-1830-1831-1832-1833-1835-1838-1840-and-1843/oclc/43621489 '''WorldCat'''] Also includes the Enumeration of the Village of Grantown or White Horse Plains and the Swampy Indian Settlement and Saulteaux Indian Settlement. Pawtucket, Rhode Island: Quentin Publications, 1998. | *Morin, Gail, editor. [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/825991?availability=Family%20History%20Library '''''Red River Settlement Censuses Index for 1827, 1828,1829,1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, 1835, 1838, 1840 and 1843''''']. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/censuses-of-the-red-river-settlement-an-index-to-censuses-for-the-years-1827-1828-1829-1830-1831-1832-1833-1835-1838-1840-and-1843/oclc/43621489 '''WorldCat'''] Also includes the Enumeration of the Village of Grantown or White Horse Plains and the Swampy Indian Settlement and Saulteaux Indian Settlement. Pawtucket, Rhode Island: Quentin Publications, 1998. | ||
=== 1870 Census === | === 1870 Census === | ||
The first census of Manitoba with names of each member of the household was taken in 1870. It includes name, age, birthplace, religion, and citizenship. There is a surname index to this census. | The first census of Manitoba with names of each member of the household was taken in 1870. It includes name, age, birthplace, religion, and citizenship. There is a surname index to this census. | ||
==== Indexes ==== | ==== Indexes ==== | ||
*Jonasson, Eric, compiler. [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/85838?availability=Family%20History%20Library '''''Surname Index to the 1870 Census of Manitoba and Red River''''']. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/surname-index-to-the-1870-census-of-manitoba-and-red-river/oclc/8363926 '''WorldCat''']Winnipeg: Wheatfield Press, 1981. <br> | *Jonasson, Eric, compiler. [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/85838?availability=Family%20History%20Library '''''Surname Index to the 1870 Census of Manitoba and Red River''''']. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/surname-index-to-the-1870-census-of-manitoba-and-red-river/oclc/8363926 '''WorldCat''']Winnipeg: Wheatfield Press, 1981. <br> | ||