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*Occupational: based on a person’s trade, such as - | *Occupational: based on a person’s trade, such as - | ||
**Soutar (a shoemaker), Carter (also derived from MacArthur), Stewart (a steward) or Smith. | **Soutar (a shoemaker), Carter (also derived from MacArthur), Stewart (a steward), Dorward (door keeper) or Smith. | ||
**MacGowan/Gow (Mac a' Ghobhainn, son of the Smith), Neillie (Mac an Fhilidh, son of the poet), MacIntyre (Mac-an-t-Saoir, son of the carpenter) | **MacGowan/Gow (Mac a' Ghobhainn, son of the Smith), Neillie (Mac an Fhilidh, son of the poet), MacIntyre (Mac-an-t-Saoir, son of the carpenter) | ||
*Geographic: based on a person’s residence | *Geographic: based on a person’s residence | ||
**Aberdein (i.e. Aberdeen), Dalziel, Dunbar, Sutherland or Glasgow. | **Aberdein (i.e. Aberdeen), Buchan, Dalziel, Dunbar, Peebles, Sutherland, Tweedie (River Tweed) or Glasgow. | ||
**Murray (Moireach, someone from Moray), Boyd (Boideach, someone from the Isle of Bute), Ross (someone living on a headland) | **Murray (Moireach, someone from Moray), Boyd (Boideach, someone from the Isle of Bute), | ||
*Patronymic, based on a person’s father’s name - | **Craig (Creag, meaning a rock) Forrest, Milne (a mill), Muir (moorland or summer grazing area, Ross (someone living on a headland), Wood | ||
**Dickson/Ritchie (Richard), Thomson, Williamson/Wilson, Duncan | *Patronymic, based on a person’s father’s name often containing Mac- or -son - | ||
**MacConnochie (MacDhonnchaidh, son of Duncan), MacWilliam (MacUilleim), Quayle ( | **Dickson/Ritchie (Richard), Thomson, Williamson/Wilson, Duncan, Rollo, Watt/Watson (Walter's son) | ||
**MacConnochie (MacDhonnchaidh, son of Duncan), MacWilliam (MacUilleim), Quayle/MacPhail (MacPhòill, son of Paul) | |||
*Descriptive or nickname, often referring to hair colour, complexion, or personality traits - | *Descriptive or nickname, often referring to hair colour, complexion, or personality traits - | ||
**Braidfute (Broad footed), Fairbairn (Beautiful child), Reid (red), Black | **Braidfute (Broad footed), Fairbairn (Beautiful child), Reid (red), Black | ||
**Dow (Dubh, dark haired), Keir (ciar, swarthy, or cearr, left handed), Breck (Breac, freckled), Douglas (Dughlas from Dubh-ghlas, dark-grey haired), Gilroy (MacGhilleruaidh, son of the red headed person) | **Dow (Dubh, dark haired), Keir (ciar, swarthy, or cearr, left handed), Breck (Breac, freckled), Douglas (Dughlas from Dubh-ghlas, dark-grey haired), Gilroy/Kilroy (MacGhilleruaidh, son of the red headed person), Bowie (Buidhe - blonde person) | ||
**Godard (good natured), Hardie (bold, daring), Kenard (kind-hearted), Sharp (sharp or keen), Smart (smeart, meaning active), Truman (true or trusty man) | **Armstrong, Godard (good natured), Hardie (bold, daring, also a derivative of McHardy), Kenard (kind-hearted), Sharp (sharp or keen, also a derivative of McKerran), Smart (smeart, meaning active), Truman (true or trusty man) | ||
*Ethnic origins | *Ethnic origins | ||
**Wallace (Wealys, a Brython or Welshman), Bremner (Brabant), Inglis (English), Scott, Fleming | **Wallace (Wealys, a Brython or Welshman), Bremner (Brabant), Inglis (English), Scott, Fleming | ||
**Galbraith (Mac a' Bhreatannaich, son of the Brython or Welsh speaker), MacDougall (MacDhùghaill -> MacDhubhghaill, son of a Dubhghall, a certain type of Norseman) | **Galbraith (Mac a' Bhreatannaich, son of the Brython or Welsh speaker), MacDougall (MacDhùghaill -> MacDhubhghaill, son of a Dubhghall, a certain type of Norseman) | ||
* Surnames based on animals | |||
** Matheson (MacMhathain, son of the bear), MacKechnie (MacEacharna, son of the horse lord) | |||
** Hogg | |||
*Ecclesiastical, many beginning with (Mac)gil (MacGhille-) | *Ecclesiastical, many beginning with (Mac)gil (MacGhille-) | ||
**Kirk (church), Bell | **Kirk (church), Bell | ||
**MacLean (MacGhill-Eain, son of the servant of St John), Gilchrist (MacGhilleChriosd, son of the servant of Christ), MacPherson (Mac a' Phearsain, son of the ecclesiastic), MacMillan (MacMhaolain, son of the tonsured one, i.e. a monk), Dewar (Mac-an- | **MacLean (MacGhill-Eain, son of the servant of St John), Gilchrist (MacGhilleChriosd, son of the servant of Christ), MacPherson (Mac a' Phearsain, son of the ecclesiastic), MacMillan (MacMhaolain, son of the tonsured one, i.e. a monk), Dewar (Mac-an-Deòir or Deòrach) | ||
It should be noted that in the Celtic Church until surprisingly late, that churchmen and monks could marry, hence the proliferation of names such as MacNab (Mac-an-Aba, son of the abbot). | |||
== Books == | == Books == | ||