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'''Various spellings:''' Ottawa, Ottowa, Ottoway | '''Various spellings:''' Ottawa, Ottowa, Ottoway | ||
The [[ | |||
The [[Chippewa Indians|Chippewa,]] [[Potawatomi Indians|Potawatomi]] and the Ottawa formed the Council of Three Fires. | |||
They were part of the Great Huron Trade. | They were part of the Great Huron Trade. | ||
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The tribe is federally recognized as the Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma. | The tribe is federally recognized as the Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma. | ||
== Tribal Headquarters == | |||
Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa & Chippewa Indians<br>2605 N West Bay Shore Dr <br>Peshawbestown MI 49682-9275 <br>1-866- 534-7750 <br>1-231- 534-7750 <br> | |||
Little River Band of the Ottawa <br>375 River Street<br>Manistee, MI 49660<br>Phone: 1-231-723-8288<br>Toll Free: 1-888-723-8288<br>Fax: 1-231-723-8020<br> | |||
Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma<br>13 S. 69 A <br>Miami, OK 74354 <br>Phone: 1-918-540-1536<br>Fax: 1-918-542-3214<br>Email: [mailto:adawetribe@sbcglobal.net adawetribe@sbcglobal.net]<br> | |||
* | *[http://www.gtbindians.org/contact-us.html Grand River Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians] government offices at Peshawbestown, Michigan | ||
* | *[http://www.lrboi.com/ Little River Band] at Manistee, Michigan | ||
* | *[http://www.ottawatribe.org/ Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma ]at Miami, Oklahoma | ||
== History == | |||
The history of the Ottawa Indians places them, at the first contact with Europeans, in what was to become Ontario, Canada in the 1600s. They are usually associated with Manitoulin Island and the shores of Georgian Bay in Lake Huron, in what is now the Province of Ontario<ref>History of the Ottawa Tribe from the Handbook of American Indians by Frederick Webb Hodge [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ottawa/ottawahist.htm Available online]</ref>. | The history of the Ottawa Indians places them, at the first contact with Europeans, in what was to become Ontario, Canada in the 1600s. They are usually associated with Manitoulin Island and the shores of Georgian Bay in Lake Huron, in what is now the Province of Ontario<ref>History of the Ottawa Tribe from the Handbook of American Indians by Frederick Webb Hodge [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ottawa/ottawahist.htm Available online]</ref>. | ||
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Another group of Ottawa Indians lived in northwestern Ohio and participated in the War of 1812 under the leadership of Pontiac, who was a well-known chief of the tribe. They were a party to the Treaty of Greenville, signed on August 3, 1795 in Indiana<ref>The Treaty of Greenville, as it appears in The Laws of the United States, printed by Richard Folwell, Philadelphia, 1796 [http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/greenville/ Available online].</ref>. Some members of this part of the Ottawa Nation were removed to Kansas and later to Oklahoma<ref>"Ottawa Indians", Ohio History Central, July 1, 2005, http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=614</ref>. | Another group of Ottawa Indians lived in northwestern Ohio and participated in the War of 1812 under the leadership of Pontiac, who was a well-known chief of the tribe. They were a party to the Treaty of Greenville, signed on August 3, 1795 in Indiana<ref>The Treaty of Greenville, as it appears in The Laws of the United States, printed by Richard Folwell, Philadelphia, 1796 [http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/greenville/ Available online].</ref>. Some members of this part of the Ottawa Nation were removed to Kansas and later to Oklahoma<ref>"Ottawa Indians", Ohio History Central, July 1, 2005, http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=614</ref>. | ||
==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe ==== | ==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe ==== | ||
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Ohio History Central article on the [http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=614 Ottawa Indians] | Ohio History Central article on the [http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=614 Ottawa Indians] | ||
==== Brief Timeline ==== | |||
*'''1600:''' In the Great Lakes area - Lake Huron | |||
*'''1660: '''defeated by the Iroquois who disrupped trade | |||
*'''1689-1763: '''French and Indian Wars (French and Algonquian tribes against English and Iroquois) | |||
*'''1763: '''Treaty of Paris | |||
*'''1763: '''Pontiac's Rebellion; tried to drive the British from the Great Lakes. About 2,000 settlers died during the rebellion. Many British forts surrendered; Fort Detroit and Fort Pitt did not. Fort Pitt under Lord Jeffery Amherst's suggestion, sent out smallpox-infected blankets starting an epidemic among the Indians | |||
*'''1831: '''Land cessions | |||
*'''1831-1867:''' The tribe lived in Kansas | |||
*'''1867-1870: '''removed to Indian Territory - Oklahoma; some live in Ontario - Manitoulin Island and Cockburn Island | |||
*'''1959:''' Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma terminated, Tribal membership 630, Tribal land (Acres) 0 (*1956 is the year given in the history of the Ottawa of Oklahoma's web site which coincides with a roll of blood members of the tribe that is now used for proof to join currently) | |||
*'''1978:''' Ottawa Tribe restored | |||
*'''1979:''' Ottawa Tribe reestablished as a federally recognized government when the Ottawa Council and the U.S. Congress ratified the Constitution. Present day members of the Ottawa of Oklahoma tribe must present proof of blood relatives on the 1956 roll and an original birth certificate. | |||
<br> | |||
==== Reservations ==== | |||
== Records == | == Records == | ||