Icelandic Genealogical Word List: Difference between revisions

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This list contains Icelandic words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for (or some form of it) is not on this list, please consult an Icelandic-English dictionary.  (See the “Additional Resources” section below.)  

Iceland was under Danish rule until 1918. Records written before the mid 1800s may include Danish and some Latin words. Note that in the 1801 census, Danish and to some extent Latin, rather than Icelandic, are used throughout the text. See [[Danish Word List|Danish Genealogical Word List]] and [[Latin Genealogical Word List]].  

In Icelandic, as in English, the forms of some words vary according to how they are used in a sentence.  Who—whose—whom and marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms.  The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list. For example:  

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Written Icelandic uses the following letters not found in the English alphabet: á, ð, é, í, ó, ú, ý, þ, æ, ö. The letters þ, æ, and ö are alphabetized after z. This word list, like most Icelandic dictionaries and indexes, uses the following alphabetical order:  

If you do not find a word in the alphabetical order listed above, search forward and backward in the dictionary, index, or word list until you locate the word.  

Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. Words were written as they sounded.  Because Iceland was under Danish rule so long, and because many officials were Danish or had been educated in Denmark, Danish influence was prominent in vocabulary and style until the late eighteenth century.  

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This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For more help, use an Icelandic-English dictionary. Several are available at the Family History Library in the International collection. The call numbers begin with 439.6321.  

"Icelandic Online Dictionary and Readings." ''University of Wisconsin Digital Collections''. [http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/IcelOnline/ http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/IcelOnline]. Accessed 11 February 2009. Cites Sverrir Hólmarsson; Sanders, Christopher; Tucker, John. ''Íslensk-ensk orðabók / Concise Icelandic-English Dictionary''. Reykjavík: Iðunn, 1989. 536 p. 24 cm.<br>

In order to find specific types of information in Icelandic records, you will need to know some key words in Icelandic. This section lists key genealogical terms in English and the Icelandic words that convey the concept.  

For example, in the first column you find the word marriage. In the second column you find Icelandic words with meanings such as married, married couple, bridal pair, and other words used in Icelandic records to indicate marriage.  

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In Icelandic genealogical records, numbers are occasionally spelled out. This is especially true of dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form.  

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Use the terms in this section and the “Numbers” section to interpret dates.  

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This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources, including words for occupations, illnesses, and causes of death. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.  

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