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Denmark Land and Property: Difference between revisions
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=== A Short History of Land Registration in Denmark === | === A Short History of Land Registration in Denmark === | ||
'''1662''' All lands in the kingdom were recorded and their values converted to an exact rate. The new government wanted to implement a fair, uniform taxing system. Names of owners and leaseholders were recorded for each property. | '''1662:''' All lands in the kingdom were recorded and their values converted to an exact rate. The new government wanted to implement a fair, uniform taxing system. Names of owners and leaseholders were recorded for each property. | ||
'''1664''' The 1662 plan failed and was replaced with a revised listing of property holders. | '''1664:''' The 1662 plan failed and was replaced with a revised listing of property holders. | ||
'''1688''' A new listing of properties was compiled, and each farm was listed by number and by the names of each owner and leaseholder. This listing also had references to the 1664 property-owner or leaseholder. | '''1688:''' A new listing of properties was compiled, and each farm was listed by number and by the names of each owner and leaseholder. This listing also had references to the 1664 property-owner or leaseholder. | ||
The 1688 list | The 1688 list identifies each dwelling in Denmark and provides the name of the owner (church cloister, or the crown), the name of the leaseholder, and the amount of yearly tax in money or kind due from a leaseholder or landowner. It supplements Land Tenure Accounts [Jordebogsregnskaber] under the old law and county jurisdiction. They can be for one year or a series of years. Jordebogsregnskaber usually concerned the transfer of crown land and evaluations of property. Included in this record were also fines for fornication and taxes on marriage. | ||
'''Copyhold Records [Fæsteprotokoller] | '''1844:''' A new nationwide list was created showing the name of the owner, name of the occupant, the old value as it had been in 1688 and the new land value. Each dwelling was assigned a ''matrikel'' (registration) number and all land transactions were now listed in the land records by this number, including land in the cities. These records are available on microfilm in the Family History Library; the originals are available at the respective provincial archives. These records kept until about 1870. | ||
==== Copyhold Records [Fæsteprotokoller]==== | |||
Before 1850, many farmers leased land from owners of large estates [godser] and from crown-held land by entering into a contractual agreement. This contract was called a fæstebrev (lease letter). The terms of the lease were recorded on the contract and in a record called a fæsteprotokoller (copyhold records). Beginning in 1719, a copy of the contract was given to the leaseholder. The copyhold records include the name of the former occupant, his reason for leaving the farm, the name of the new leaseholder, his birthplace (sometimes), the relationship of the former occupant (if any), the date of transfer, and a description of the land. | |||
If there was no breach of the contract, the landowner could not evict the leaseholder. Sometimes the leaseholder's family inherited the lease. | If there was no breach of the contract, the landowner could not evict the leaseholder. Sometimes the leaseholder's family inherited the lease. | ||
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Reliability: Very good.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Denmark,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1987-1998.</ref> | Reliability: Very good.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Denmark,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1987-1998.</ref> | ||
==== Deed and Mortgage Records [Skøde og Panteprotokoller] ==== | |||
Some records of land ownership, sales, or transfers begin in the year 1551. These transactions were to be publicized and approved in court and recorded in the court record [tingbog]. However, these records were not regularly kept before 1738. The records contain names of the parties involved, descriptions of land, and date of record. | |||
Jurisdictions of these courts were: | Jurisdictions of these courts were: | ||
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After 1738, an alphabetical register of debtors and creditors was mandatory. In the herred and landsting courts, a register of the land involved was also kept. The landsting were discontinued in 1805, and jurisdiction was transferred to the herred and birk (judicial district) courts. | After 1738, an alphabetical register of debtors and creditors was mandatory. In the herred and landsting courts, a register of the land involved was also kept. The landsting were discontinued in 1805, and jurisdiction was transferred to the herred and birk (judicial district) courts. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||