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England Census: Difference between revisions
→Understanding the Census
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[[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|259x327px]] | [[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|259x327px]] | ||
At each census, a pre-printed form was used, and this was handed by the enumerators to heads of household. They were told to only record those actually at home on census night, therefore you will not find listed at home those at boarding schools or those working at night. These were collected soon afterwards. In 1841-1901 the enumerator copied the details given onto a master form which is what survives, but in 1911 the original forms were kept, with each household having its own form. | |||
The dates of each census were as follows: | |||
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The following information can be found in the censuses: | The following information can be found in the censuses: | ||
Here is a list of [http://www.worldthroughthelens.com/family-history/old-occupations.php obscure old English census occupations]. | |||
=== Pre-1841 Census === | === Pre-1841 Census === | ||
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There is statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. Consult [[Online Historical Population Reports]] article for further details. | There is statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. Consult [[Online Historical Population Reports]] article for further details. | ||
=== Census Headings === | |||
The links below show the form layouts and the headings giving the questions that were asked at each census, In PDF format. Also, Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | |||
* [https://s3.amazonaws.com/ps-services-us-east-1-914248642252/s3/research-wiki-elasticsearch-prod-s3bucket/images/a/a4/1841_and_1851_Headings_for_the_Census_of_England_and_Wales.pdf 1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales] | |||
*[https://s3.amazonaws.com/ps-services-us-east-1-914248642252/s3/research-wiki-elasticsearch-prod-s3bucket/images/c/cc/1861_and_1871_Headings_for_the_Census_of_England_and_Wales.pdf 1861 and 1871 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]. | |||
*[https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/File:1881_and_1891_Headings_for_the_Census_of_England_and_Wales.pdf 1881 and 1891 Headings for the Census of England and Wales] | |||
*[https://s3.amazonaws.com/ps-services-us-east-1-914248642252/s3/research-wiki-elasticsearch-prod-s3bucket/images/b/b6/1901_and_1911_Headings_for_the_Census_of_England_and_Wales.pdf 1901 and 1911 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]. | |||
=== 1841 === | === 1841 === | ||
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*A column indicating if born out of the country, i.e. “S” for Scotland; “I” for Ireland | *A column indicating if born out of the country, i.e. “S” for Scotland; “I” for Ireland | ||
*Year of Birth: Although the age was rounded down, the year of birth was inadvertantly rounded up. There will be a large discrepancy to be mindful of when looking for accurate dates. For example: Johnny is 39 but is rounded down to 35. His year of birth is 1802. Rounding it down it should show as 1806; but because of the error it shows as 1811. | *Year of Birth: Although the age was rounded down, the year of birth was inadvertantly rounded up. There will be a large discrepancy to be mindful of when looking for accurate dates. For example: Johnny is 39 but is rounded down to 35. His year of birth is 1802. Rounding it down it should show as 1806; but because of the error it shows as 1811. | ||
[[Image:1861 British Census.jpg|right|350px|1861 British Census.jpg]] | [[Image:1861 British Census.jpg|right|350px|1861 British Census.jpg]] | ||
There are missing sections which have been lost. A detailed listing can be found on [http://www.findmypast.co.uk/helpadvice/knowledge-base/census/index.jsp#issues findmypast]. | There are missing sections which have been lost. A detailed listing can be found on [http://www.findmypast.co.uk/helpadvice/knowledge-base/census/index.jsp#issues findmypast]. | ||
This census was conducted by the Registrar General and has the identifying marks of "HO" which stands for 'Home Office'. The returns were sorted and copied into enumerator's books in the format seen today in the digitized online records. | This census was conducted by the Registrar General and has the identifying marks of "HO" which stands for 'Home Office'. The returns were sorted and copied into enumerator's books in the format seen today in the digitized online records. | ||
=== 1851 to 1901 === | === 1851 to 1901 === | ||
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*Occupation | *Occupation | ||
*Parish and county of birth (except foreign births, which usually gave country only) | *Parish and county of birth (except foreign births, which usually gave country only) | ||
*The 1851 and 1861 censuses list whether a person was "blind, deaf, or idiot."For Great Britain's shipping and an 1861 census index for those crews in that service are available at Ancestry.co.uk. | *The 1851 and 1861 censuses list whether a person was "blind, deaf, or idiot."For Great Britain's shipping and an 1861 census index for those crews in that service are available at Ancestry.co.uk. | ||
*The 1871 and 1881 censuses list whether a person was considered an "imbecile, idiot, or lunatic." | *The 1871 and 1881 censuses list whether a person was considered an "imbecile, idiot, or lunatic." | ||
*The 1891 census added the number of rooms (if less than 5) that the family occupied. It also listed whether the person was an employer or an employee | *The 1891 census added the number of rooms (if less than 5) that the family occupied. It also listed whether the person was an employer or an employee. | ||
*1851: An additional census was taken of places of worship, this was a voluntary census and most places of Worship participated. This guide from The National Archives provides a better understand of the Ecclesiastical Census of 1851. [http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/methdism/rc1851/index.htm Further information on this census is provided by F. Coakley] | |||
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=== 1911 === | === 1911 === | ||
*Name of each member of the household | *Name of each member of the household | ||
*Relationship to the head of the household | *Relationship to the head of the household | ||
*Age at last birthday | *Age at last birthday | ||
*Sex/gender | *Sex/gender | ||
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*Nationality of every person born in a foreign country | *Nationality of every person born in a foreign country | ||
*Lists whether a person was "totally deaf, deaf and dumb, totally blind, lunatic, imbecile, or feeble-mined" | *Lists whether a person was "totally deaf, deaf and dumb, totally blind, lunatic, imbecile, or feeble-mined" | ||
=== 1921 === | === 1921 === | ||