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'''[[England]]''' | '''[[England Civil Registration|Civil Registration]]''' | '''[[England Church Records|Church Records]]''' | [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|Census Online Indexes]] | '''[[England|England]]''' | '''[[England Civil Registration|Civil Registration]]''' | '''[[England Church Records|Church Records]]''' | [[England Census Records and Indexes Online|Census Online Indexes]] | ||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
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|1931|37359045 | |1931|37359045 | ||
|footnote=Source: [http://www.histpop.org/ohpr/servlet/PageBrowser?path=Browse/Census%20(by%20date)/1931/England&active=yes&mno=313&tocstate=expandnew&tocseq=700&display=sections&display=tables&display=pagetitles&pageseq=first-nonblank 1931 Census] | |footnote=Source: [http://www.histpop.org/ohpr/servlet/PageBrowser?path=Browse/Census%20(by%20date)/1931/England&active=yes&mno=313&tocstate=expandnew&tocseq=700&display=sections&display=tables&display=pagetitles&pageseq=first-nonblank 1931 Census] | ||
}} | }} The census is a count and description of the population. In an effort to determine the extent of its population for the purposes of taxation and representation, the English government took its first large-scale, statistical census enumeration in 1801 as a result of the ''Population Act ''of 1800. Pre-1841 census records offer limited information; however, they do put a person in time and place. Several websites have now published online many of the census records from 1841-1901; there is only one site that provides access to the 1911 census on the internet at the present time. | ||
The census is a count and description of the population. In an effort to determine the extent of its population for the purposes of taxation and representation, the English government took its first large-scale, statistical census enumeration in 1801 as a result of the ''Population Act ''of 1800. | |||
The census records which are more complete in information, more widely available, and therefore of greater value to family historians cover the census years 1841 to 1911. The census was taken every ten years. The records are generally closed to the public for 100 years. | The census records which are more complete in information, more widely available, and therefore of greater value to family historians cover the census years 1841 to 1911. The census was taken every ten years. The records are generally closed to the public for 100 years. | ||
Although the 1841 census is of great value, it had the limitations of not giving relationships, of rounding down the ages of adults (not children), and of not providing specific birthplaces for individuals. The 1851 census, contrastingly, provides the specific place of birth, the relationship to the head of the household, actual age, and whether deaf, dumb or blind; later census records gradually added additional information. | Although the 1841 census is of great value, it had the limitations of not giving relationships, of rounding down the ages of adults (not children), and of not providing specific birthplaces for individuals. The 1851 census, contrastingly, provides the specific place of birth, the relationship to the head of the household, actual age, and whether deaf, dumb or blind; later census records gradually added additional information. | ||
The 1931 Census was destroyed by fire during WW2. No census was taken in 1941 due to WW2. | The 1931 Census was destroyed by fire during WW2. No census was taken in 1941 due to WW2. | ||
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{{further|England Census: Further Information and Description{{!}}Further Information and Description|Lost or Missing England Census Records}} | {{further|England Census: Further Information and Description{{!}}Further Information and Description|Lost or Missing England Census Records}} | ||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
== Understanding the Census == | == Understanding the Census == | ||
Instructions to the census taker were to list only those persons who spent the night in each household when the census was taken. Those traveling, staying at boarding schools, or working away from home were listed where they spent the night. For example, night watchmen are often listed under their employer’s business address rather than with their families. | Instructions to the census taker were to list only those persons who spent the night in each household when the census was taken. Those traveling, staying at boarding schools, or working away from home were listed where they spent the [[Image:Brompton5.jpg|thumb|right|238x300px]]night. For example, night watchmen are often listed under their employer’s business address rather than with their families. | ||
You will find the following information in the censuses: | You will find the following information in the censuses: | ||
=== 1841 === | === 1841 === | ||
*Names of the members of every household | *Names of the members of every household | ||
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*Whether or not they were born in the county in which they were living in on June 6, 1841 | *Whether or not they were born in the county in which they were living in on June 6, 1841 | ||
=== 1851 and later === | === 1851 and later === | ||
*Names of each member of the houshold | *Names of each member of the houshold | ||
| Line 59: | Line 58: | ||
*The 1891 census added the number of rooms (if less than 5) that the family occuped. It also listed whether the person was an employer or an employee. | *The 1891 census added the number of rooms (if less than 5) that the family occuped. It also listed whether the person was an employer or an employee. | ||
The census can also provide a good approximation of date and place of deaths and marriages. Census records are used in combination with [[ | The census can also provide a good approximation of date and place of deaths and marriages. Census records are used in combination with [[England Church Records|church records]] and [[England Civil Registration|civil registration]] records in locating ancestors. <br> | ||
{{further|England Census: Further Information and Description}} | {{further|England Census: Further Information and Description}} | ||
Census details changed little from year to year. See a [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/hitch/gendocs/census.html detailed listing] of the changes made to the census over the years starting in 1841. At the [http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/Census.html GENUKI] website you will find an excellent explanation of the census records and availability. (Examples of Census - [[ | Census details changed little from year to year. See a [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/hitch/gendocs/census.html detailed listing] of the changes made to the census over the years starting in 1841. At the [http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/Census.html GENUKI] website you will find an excellent explanation of the census records and availability. (Examples of Census - [[1841 British Census Example|1841]], 1851, [[1861 British Census Example|1861]], 1871) NOTE: Many of the websites have not yet updated their pages to include the 1911 census. | ||
=== Pre-1841 Census === | === Pre-1841 Census === | ||
The 1831 census was collated by the census office and the resulting Parish Register Abstracts form an important part of the published census material, because from it alone, the clergymen's manusript returns have survived. The records are held at [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/default.asp?source=ddmenu_search3&j=1 The National Archives of the UK] under 'Clergymen's returns of 1831' (HO71/1-HO71/124.) Detailed information on pre-1841 census records can be found in: | The 1831 census was collated by the census office and the resulting Parish Register Abstracts form an important part of the published census material, because from it alone, the clergymen's manusript returns have survived. The records are held at [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/default.asp?source=ddmenu_search3&j=1 The National Archives of the UK] under 'Clergymen's returns of 1831' (HO71/1-HO71/124.) Detailed information on pre-1841 census records can be found in: | ||
*Chapman, Colin R., ''Pre-1841 Censuses and Population Listings in the British Isles''. Dursley, Gloucestershire, England : Lochin Publishing, 1998 (5th ed). (Family History Library book [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=825423&disp=Pre-1841+censuses+%26+population+listi%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942 X27cc, 1998]) | *Chapman, Colin R., ''Pre-1841 Censuses and Population Listings in the British Isles''. Dursley, Gloucestershire, England : Lochin Publishing, 1998 (5th ed). (Family History Library book [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=825423&disp=Pre-1841+censuses+%26+population+listi%20%20&columns=*,0,0 942 X27cc, 1998]) | ||
Pre-1841 censuses generally contain only numbers of individuals in a household, but some do contain individual names of the head-of-household. | Pre-1841 censuses generally contain only numbers of individuals in a household, but some do contain individual names of the head-of-household. | ||
{{further|England Census: Further Information and Description}} | {{further|England Census: Further Information and Description}} | ||
== Finding and Using Census Records and Indexes == | == Finding and Using Census Records and Indexes == | ||
{{further|England Census Records -- Finding and Using the Originals and Copies{{!}}Finding and Using the Originals and Copies|England Census Records -- Finding and Using Indexes{{!}}Finding and Using Indexes}} | {{further|England Census Records -- Finding and Using the Originals and Copies{{!}}Finding and Using the Originals and Copies|England Census Records -- Finding and Using Indexes{{!}}Finding and Using Indexes}} | ||
A [[Media:British_Census_Form.pdf|worksheet]] can be used to record information found in census records. | A [[Media:British_Census_Form.pdf|worksheet]] can be used to record information found in census records. | ||
{{Place|England}} | {{Place|England}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Census_records_in_England]] [[Category:England|Census]] | ||
[[Category:England|Census]] | |||