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Cabo Verde History: Difference between revisions
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Cape Verde was subjected to raids by foreign powers. British, French, and Dutch forces pillaged various locales on the islands during the 16th and 17th centuries. The population has struggled for physical survival. The islands have a semi-arid climate and suffer from chronic shortages of rainfall that, combined with high temperatures, cause periodic droughts and famine. Even in the 1990s up to 90 percent of Cape Verde’s foodstuffs were imported. An active volcano on the island of Fogo has erupted 28 times since 1564. | Cape Verde was subjected to raids by foreign powers. British, French, and Dutch forces pillaged various locales on the islands during the 16th and 17th centuries. The population has struggled for physical survival. The islands have a semi-arid climate and suffer from chronic shortages of rainfall that, combined with high temperatures, cause periodic droughts and famine. Even in the 1990s up to 90 percent of Cape Verde’s foodstuffs were imported. An active volcano on the island of Fogo has erupted 28 times since 1564. | ||
Long | Long an impoverished colony of Portugal, locals established an independence party known as the Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde (PAIGC) in 1956. The most prominent leader of the movement was Amílcar Cabral. In August 1959, their demands were countered by a police massacre of fifty striking nationalist workers. A guerilla war began in 1961. In 1963 Portugal declared Cape Verde an “overseas province,” asserting that it was an integral part of the country rather than a colony. The war was one of numerous concurrent anti-colonial struggles in Africa. In 1973 Cabral was assassinated. After the Portuguese autocratic government was toppled in 1974, the islands achieved independence. | ||
At the time of independence the country was poor and undeveloped in comparison to Western standards but at a higher level than other West African countries. A small wealthy class prospers on export and import monopolies and large-scale plantation production, while few others can live comfortably because of recurrent droughts, limited arable land, and widespread erosion. The economy is sustained by remittances from a large emigré community.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Cape Verde,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1992-1999.</ref> | At the time of independence the country was poor and undeveloped in comparison to Western standards but at a higher level than other West African countries. A small wealthy class prospers on export and import monopolies and large-scale plantation production, while few others can live comfortably because of recurrent droughts, limited arable land, and widespread erosion. The economy is sustained by remittances from a large emigré community.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Cape Verde,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1992-1999.</ref> | ||
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=== Population Statistics === | === Population Statistics === | ||
The population of 444,000 is of diverse origins, but especially they are from the adjacent African coast, Portugal, and its other Atlantic possessions. Ethnically, it is 71% Crioulo, 28% African, and 1% European. The population is 98% Roman Catholic. The inhospitable climate has forced many Cape Verdeans to emigrate, principally to the US, Netherlands, Italy, and Portugal | The population of 444,000 is of diverse origins, but especially they are from the adjacent African coast, Portugal, and its other Atlantic possessions. Ethnically, it is 71% Crioulo, 28% African, and 1% European. The population is 98% Roman Catholic. The inhospitable climate has forced many Cape Verdeans to emigrate, principally to the US, Netherlands, Italy, and Portugal so that the emigré population is greater than that in the islands. An estimated 700,000 Cape Verdeans live outside the country.<ref name="profile" /> | ||
=== Online Histories === | === Online Histories === | ||