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[[Image:Walton workhouse, Rice Lane .jpg|500px|right]] | [[Image:Walton workhouse, Rice Lane .jpg|500px|right]] | ||
Orphans are persons, especially children, bereaved of both parents.<ref name="MD1">"orphan, noun 1. a." in ''The Macquarie Dictionary Online'' (Macquarie Dictionary Publishers Pty Ltd) accessed 3 August 2013.</ref> The word has an extended usuage to refer to children who are abandoned or neglected.<ref name="OED">"orphan, A. n. 1." in ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (2013, Oxford University Press, online edition) accessed 3 August 2013.</ref> In the 19th Century, this latter class included a group termed "pauper children" who were targeted by British authorities for migration to Australia and other dominions of the British Empire; the practise continued into the 20th Century and Australia received thousands of child migrants sometimes deceived into believing they were orphaned, often under duress.. | Orphans are persons, especially children, bereaved of both parents.<ref name="MD1">"orphan, noun 1. a." in ''The Macquarie Dictionary Online'' (Macquarie Dictionary Publishers Pty Ltd) accessed 3 August 2013.</ref> The word has an extended usuage to refer to children who are abandoned or neglected.<ref name="OED">"orphan, A. n. 1." in ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (2013, Oxford University Press, online edition) accessed 3 August 2013.</ref> In the 19th Century, this latter class included a group termed "pauper children" who were targeted by British authorities for migration to Australia and other dominions of the British Empire; the practise continued into the 20th Century and Australia received thousands of child migrants sometimes deceived into believing they were orphaned, often under duress.. <br> | ||
An orphanage is an institution for orphans<ref name="MD2">"orphanage, noun 1." in ''The Macquarie Dictionary Online'' (Macquarie Dictionary Publishers Pty Ltd) accessed 3 August 2013.</ref> sometimes also called in Australia a benevolent asylum, an orphan school, an infants' or babies' or children's or boys' or girls' or foster home, receiving home or depot, a foundling home, a boys' training home or farm. The first orphanage in Australia was established on Norfolk Island by Governor King who also founded the first orphanage on the mainland: in 1801 he formed the Female Orphan School in George Street, Sydney to house destitute young girls.<ref name="SLOS">[http://www. | An orphanage is an institution for orphans<ref name="MD2">"orphanage, noun 1." in ''The Macquarie Dictionary Online'' (Macquarie Dictionary Publishers Pty Ltd) accessed 3 August 2013.</ref> sometimes also called in Australia a benevolent asylum, an orphan school, an infants' or babies' or children's or boys' or girls' or foster home, receiving home or depot, a foundling home, a boys' training home or farm. The first orphanage in Australia was established on Norfolk Island by Governor King who also founded the first orphanage on the mainland: in 1801 he formed the Female Orphan School in George Street, Sydney to house destitute young girls.<ref name="SLOS">[http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0703b.htm Australian Women's Archives Project] Accessed 29 June 2016.</ref> | ||
The concept of adoption is foreign to the English common law and legislation was required to establish adoption arrangements in each of the Australian jurisdictions. Australia is a federation with a division of legislative and administrative power between the States (former colonies) on the one hand and the Commonwealth on the other. Responsibility for orphans, adoption and child welfare generally has been a function of State governments except in the territories where it falls to the Commonwealth to make arrangements. | The concept of adoption is foreign to the English common law and legislation was required to establish adoption arrangements in each of the Australian jurisdictions. Australia is a federation with a division of legislative and administrative power between the States (former colonies) on the one hand and the Commonwealth on the other. Responsibility for orphans, adoption and child welfare generally has been a function of State governments except in the territories where it falls to the Commonwealth to make arrangements. | ||
In the 19th and 20th Centuries government and charitable agencies removed aboriginal and Torres Strait islander children from their families, placing them in institutions creating what has been known as the "Stolen Generations". | In the 19th and 20th Centuries government and charitable agencies removed aboriginal and Torres Strait islander children from their families, placing them in institutions, creating what has been known as the "Stolen Generations". | ||
== Records == | == Records == | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
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{{wikipedia|Stolen Generations}} {{wikipedia|Child migration}} | |||
[[Category:Australia]] [[Category:Orphans and Orphanages]] | [[Category:Australia]] [[Category:Orphans and Orphanages]] | ||