5,437
edits
m
grammar change
m (Text replacement - "sidebar}}''" to "sidebar}}<br>''") |
m (grammar change) |
||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
After the death of Charlemagne, Andorra came under the influence of the Count of Urgel, one of the most powerful families of the Spanish nobility. In 1133 the Count of Urgel ceded Andorra to the Bishop of Urgel. In 1159 Andorra became the object of a prolonged struggle between the Count of Foix (from France) and the Bishop of Urgel. The bloody dispute lasted for decades and was settled in 1278 when France and Spain agreed that the Count of Foix and the Bishop of Urgel would be joint rulers. The treaty mandated an annual tribute that is still paid to the Bishop of Urgel and the President of France (as the successor to the counts of Foix). The twin heads of state are referred to as “co-princes.” | After the death of Charlemagne, Andorra came under the influence of the Count of Urgel, one of the most powerful families of the Spanish nobility. In 1133 the Count of Urgel ceded Andorra to the Bishop of Urgel. In 1159 Andorra became the object of a prolonged struggle between the Count of Foix (from France) and the Bishop of Urgel. The bloody dispute lasted for decades and was settled in 1278 when France and Spain agreed that the Count of Foix and the Bishop of Urgel would be joint rulers. The treaty mandated an annual tribute that is still paid to the Bishop of Urgel and the President of France (as the successor to the counts of Foix). The twin heads of state are referred to as “co-princes.” | ||
In 1419 Andorra | In 1419 Andorra was granted permission to establish a parliament, known as the Council of the Land. In 1933 several Andorrans sponsored an attempt to establish a kingdom under Boris de Skossyreff, a Russian. Several days later “King Boris” was removed by several guardsmen of the Bishop of Urgel. The French sent in squads of gendarmes to keep domestic order, and a new parliament was elected. | ||
The Council of the Land consists of twenty-eight members elected for four years, half of whom represent the seven parishes and the other half elected on the basis of a national constituency. In 1981 an executive branch of government was created with a Head of Government (elected by the Council of the Land), and four to six ministers responsible over such areas as defense, education, finance, foreign affairs, and tourism. In the twentieth century, Andorra has become a popular tourist destination and an important international retail center because of its low taxes and lack of customs duties. | The Council of the Land consists of twenty-eight members elected for four years, half of whom represent the seven parishes and the other half elected on the basis of a national constituency. In 1981 an executive branch of government was created with a Head of Government (elected by the Council of the Land), and four to six ministers responsible over such areas as defense, education, finance, foreign affairs, and tourism. In the twentieth century, Andorra has become a popular tourist destination and an important international retail center because of its low taxes and lack of customs duties. | ||