Czechia Languages: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 10:10, 12 October 2009

Most of the people in the Czech Republic speak the Czech language. Czech is a Slavic language related to Slovak, Polish and Russian. However, Czech was not recognized as an official language until 1877 in Bohemia and 1905 in Moravia. It was seldom used as a written language until the late 1800s. Except for modern records of the 1900s, records in the Czech Republic were written mostly in Latin and German. Other languages sometimes used in Czech records include Old Church Slavonic, Polish, Hebrew, and Yiddish.

Česká abeceda/The Czech Alphabet[edit | edit source]

A, a, Á, á B, b C, c, Č, č D, d, Ď, ď E, e, É, é, ě F, f G, g H, h Ch, ch I, i, Í, í J, j K, k L, l M, m N, n, Ň, ň O, o, Ó, ó P, p Q, q R, r, Ř, ř S, s, Š, š T, t, Ť, ť U, u, Ú, ú, ů V, v W, w X, x Y, y, Ý, ý Z, z, Ž, ž

The Czech alphabet uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet. These are á, č, ď, é, ě, í, ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ú, ů, ý, ž. The letter combination ch is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after h. Letters q, w, x are used only in words of foreign origin.

Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:

a,á b c,č d,ď e,é,ě f g h ch i,í j k l m n,ň o,ó p (q) r,ř s,š t,ť u,ú,ů v (w) (x) y,ý z,ž

Pronunciation[edit | edit source]

A	a	:	o	sound in on
Á	á	:	a	sound in father
B	b	:	b	sound in back
C	c	:	ts	sound in bits
Č	č	:	ch	sound in chat
D	d	:	d	sound in dog
Ď	ď	:	g	sound in ginger
E	e	:	e	sound in led
É	é	:	ea	sound in wear
Ě	ě	:	ye	sound in yes
F	f	:	f	sound in fast
G	g	:	g	sound in gas
H	h	:	h	sound in help
CH	ch	:	ch	sound in loch(aspirated)
I	i	:	i	sound in sit
Í	í	:	ee	sound in bee
J	j	:	y	sound in youth
K	k	:	k	sound in kiss
L	l	:	l	sound in land
M	m	:	m	sound in man
N	n	:	n	sound innew
Ň	ň	:	ny	sound in canyon
O	o	:	o	sound inhome
Ó	ó	:	oa	sound inboat
P	p	:	p	sound inpeak
R	r	:	r	sound inran (often rolled)
Ř	ř	:	rsh	sound like's'in marsh
S	s	:	s	sound insun
Š	š	:	sh	sound inshoe
T	t	:	t	sound intop
Ť	ť	:	ty	sound like't'in tune
U	u	:	u	sound input
Ú	ú	:	oo	sound inpool
Ů	ů	:	oo	sound inpool
V	v	:	v	sound invan
Y	y	:	i	sound inbit
Ý	ý	:	ee	sound inbee
Z	z	:	z	sound inzoo
Ž	ž	:	zh	sound like's'in measure
Qq, Ww, Xx				are used in foreign words only

NOTE: the letter combination “CH" is treated as a single character and is alphabetized after the letter “H”

Grammar[edit | edit source]

Czech language is highly inflective, words may have different endings depending on usage.

Josef, syn Antonína Ryby a Anny roz. Novákové = Josef, son of Antonín Ryba and Anna Novaková
Manželství mezi Michalem Dostalíkem a Anežkou Marii Seidlerovou = Marriage between Michal Dostalík and Anežka Marie Seidlerová

Language of the Records[edit | edit source]

A basic knowledge of a few languages is required to read Czech records. Obtain a copy of the various genealogical lists available at the Family History Library or click on the links below.