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Navajo Nation: Difference between revisions
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==== Navajo Clan System ==== | ==== Navajo Clan System ==== | ||
Just like any other civilization, precautionary steps were taken to limit intermarriages among immediate family members. The Navajo established family clans, with the maternal line being the predominate line. When introducing one self, a Navajo will provide their parent's clan and typically their maternal grandfather and paternal grandfather's clan, establishing their place in the world. Knowing one's clans is just as important as knowing the names of past ancestors and goes hand-in-hand with genealogical research. For a more detailed list of clans, a short history and a brief introduction, [http://www.lapahie.com/Dine_Clans.cfm click here, clans]. | Just like any other civilization, precautionary steps were taken to limit intermarriages among immediate family members. The Navajo established family clans, with the maternal line being the predominate line. When introducing one self, a Navajo will provide their parent's clan and typically their maternal grandfather and paternal grandfather's clan, establishing their place in the world. Knowing one's clans is just as important as knowing the names of past ancestors and goes hand-in-hand with genealogical research. For a more detailed list of clans, a short history and a brief introduction, [http://www.lapahie.com/Dine_Clans.cfm click here, clans]. | ||
=== '''Records''' === | === '''Records''' === | ||
=== U.S. - Native Relations === | ==== U.S. - Native Relations ==== | ||
When dealing with Native American records, you will come into contact with a number of governmental offices that have dealt with American Indian tribes. The three main level of offices included are, Indian agents, [https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Superintendencies_of_Indian_Affairs Superintendents], and Commissioner of Indian Affairs. The following is a very brief explanation of what these offices entailed. | When dealing with Native American records, you will come into contact with a number of governmental offices that have dealt with American Indian tribes. The three main level of offices included are, Indian agents, [https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Superintendencies_of_Indian_Affairs Superintendents], and Commissioner of Indian Affairs. The following is a very brief explanation of what these offices entailed. | ||
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Since multiple tribes lived in territorial boundaries, agents were created to govern one or more tribes or geographical areas. Indian agents were appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate. Agents were to report to the Superintendent, but at times records were sent directly to Washington D.C. | Since multiple tribes lived in territorial boundaries, agents were created to govern one or more tribes or geographical areas. Indian agents were appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate. Agents were to report to the Superintendent, but at times records were sent directly to Washington D.C. | ||
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was then created in 1824 as part of the War Department, to govern the affairs between settlers and Native peoples.Originally called, Heads of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, this title was later changed to Commissioner of Indian Affairs and has since been changed to Assistant Secretary of the Interior of Indian Affairs. When Natives were no longer considered to be a threat, the BIA was then transferred to the Department of the Interior in 1849, and continues to this day. | The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was then created in 1824 as part of the War Department, to govern the affairs between settlers and Native peoples.Originally called, Heads of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, this title was later changed to Commissioner of Indian Affairs and has since been changed to Assistant Secretary of the Interior of Indian Affairs. When Natives were no longer considered to be a threat, the BIA was then transferred to the Department of the Interior in 1849, and continues to this day. | ||
=== <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Agencies</span> === | ==== <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Agencies</span> ==== | ||
The Navajo Nation's reservation boundaries has been changing since the original reservation boundaries were established in 1868. At the same time, governmental guardianship over these lands has changed. Currently, the Navajo Nation is divided into five agencies ([[Chinle Indian Agency (Arizona)|Chinle Agency]], [[Eastern Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Eastern Navajo Agency]] (AZ) and [[Eastern Navajo Indian Agency (New Mexico)|Eastern Navajo Agency]] (NM), [[Western Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Western Navajo Agency]], [[Fort Defiance Indian Agency|Fort Defiance Agency]], and [[Shiprock Indian Agency (New Mexico)|Shiprock Agency]]) governing a specific geographical area, with the seat of government located in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_Rock,_Arizona Window Rock, Arizona]. Each of these agencies are further divided into smaller political units called [http://www.navajo-nsn.gov/chapters.htm Chapters], the number of Chapters have fluctuated over the years, but there are roughly 110 Chapters. Typically, Chapters do not carry documents containing family history information, and most will refer you to the Navajo Nation offices. In addition to this, many of the documents held at the agencies have also been transferred to National and Regional archives throughout the United States.<br> | The Navajo Nation's reservation boundaries has been changing since the original reservation boundaries were established in 1868. At the same time, governmental guardianship over these lands has changed. Currently, the Navajo Nation is divided into five agencies ([[Chinle Indian Agency (Arizona)|Chinle Agency]], [[Eastern Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Eastern Navajo Agency]] (AZ) and [[Eastern Navajo Indian Agency (New Mexico)|Eastern Navajo Agency]] (NM), [[Western Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Western Navajo Agency]], [[Fort Defiance Indian Agency|Fort Defiance Agency]], and [[Shiprock Indian Agency (New Mexico)|Shiprock Agency]]) governing a specific geographical area, with the seat of government located in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_Rock,_Arizona Window Rock, Arizona]. Each of these agencies are further divided into smaller political units called [http://www.navajo-nsn.gov/chapters.htm Chapters], the number of Chapters have fluctuated over the years, but there are roughly 110 Chapters. Typically, Chapters do not carry documents containing family history information, and most will refer you to the Navajo Nation offices. In addition to this, many of the documents held at the agencies have also been transferred to National and Regional archives throughout the United States.<br> | ||
==== Contact ==== | ===== Contact ===== | ||
Contact information for the Navajo Nation: <br>The [http://www.navajo-nsn.gov/ Navajo Nation ]<br>P.O. Box 9000<br>Window Rock, Arizona 86515 | Contact information for the Navajo Nation: <br>The [http://www.navajo-nsn.gov/ Navajo Nation ]<br>P.O. Box 9000<br>Window Rock, Arizona 86515 | ||
(928) 871-6000 | (928) 871-6000 | ||
==== Reservation ==== | ==== Reservation ==== | ||
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Below is a Navajo Nation Public Service Map | Below is a Navajo Nation Public Service Map | ||
[[Image:Map of Navajo Nation Public Health Service.jpg|frame|center|450x375px | [[Image:Map of Navajo Nation Public Health Service.jpg|frame|center|450x375px]]<br> | ||
For a different and more detailed map with locations in Navajo, click: [http://www.lapahie.com/Navajo_Map_Lg.cfm Navajo Reservation Map]<br> | For a different and more detailed map with locations in Navajo, click: [http://www.lapahie.com/Navajo_Map_Lg.cfm Navajo Reservation Map]<br> | ||
=== Superintendencies === | ==== Superintendencies ==== | ||
As stated previously, the superintendent of Indian affairs oversaw Indian agents. As for the Navajo Indians, at times superintendents were at odds as to whom held authority over areas occupied by the Navajos. Neighboring superitendents also assisted governing superintendents over the Navajos. Over time territorial boundaries also shifted and changed. The New Mexico and Arizona Superitendency are the main record holders for Navajo information.<br> | As stated previously, the superintendent of Indian affairs oversaw Indian agents. As for the Navajo Indians, at times superintendents were at odds as to whom held authority over areas occupied by the Navajos. Neighboring superitendents also assisted governing superintendents over the Navajos. Over time territorial boundaries also shifted and changed. The New Mexico and Arizona Superitendency are the main record holders for Navajo information.<br> | ||
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*[[Colorado Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Colorado Superintendency]] (1861-1870) | *[[Colorado Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Colorado Superintendency]] (1861-1870) | ||
=== Bureau of Indian Affairs === | ==== Bureau of Indian Affairs ==== | ||
The [http://www.bia.gov/ Bureau of Indian Affairs] is commonly known as the BIA, and is part of the U.S. Department of Interior since they hold in trust American Indian lands. The BIA also serves 566 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribes federally recognized tribes] in the United States. For those that are searching BIA records, three main National Archives and Record Administrations are used: | The [http://www.bia.gov/ Bureau of Indian Affairs] is commonly known as the BIA, and is part of the U.S. Department of Interior since they hold in trust American Indian lands. The BIA also serves 566 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribes federally recognized tribes] in the United States. For those that are searching BIA records, three main National Archives and Record Administrations are used: | ||
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*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Record Group Number 75]: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs | *[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Record Group Number 75]: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs | ||
The BIA also has listed a publication by the Office of Public Affairs-Indian Affairs called, [http://www.bia.gov/cs/groups/public/documents/text/idc-002619.pdf "A Guide to Tracing American Indian & Alaska Native Ancestry"] which can help guide your research | The BIA also has listed a publication by the Office of Public Affairs-Indian Affairs called, [http://www.bia.gov/cs/groups/public/documents/text/idc-002619.pdf "A Guide to Tracing American Indian & Alaska Native Ancestry"] which can help guide your research. | ||
=== Census Records === | === Census Records === | ||
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For those that were enrolled into a federally recognized tribe are given a Certificate Degree of Indian Blood or CIB and are assigned an Indian Census Number unique to each individual. Knowing your relatives' Indian Census Number can be quite helpful when searching the Indian Census Rolls and can help eliminate confusion, but not all Indian Census Roll takers included censuses. At times the U.S. decennial census taker would include Census Numbers in their records. | For those that were enrolled into a federally recognized tribe are given a Certificate Degree of Indian Blood or CIB and are assigned an Indian Census Number unique to each individual. Knowing your relatives' Indian Census Number can be quite helpful when searching the Indian Census Rolls and can help eliminate confusion, but not all Indian Census Roll takers included censuses. At times the U.S. decennial census taker would include Census Numbers in their records. | ||
==== Enrollment ==== | ===== Enrollment ===== | ||
For those interested in becoming an enrolled member of the Navajo Nation, contact: | For those interested in becoming an enrolled member of the Navajo Nation, contact: | ||
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*City of Winslow Historic Preservation Commission. Index of Winslow Indian Sanatorium Cemetery: from Navajo County death certificates published from 1933 through 1960. <br> | *City of Winslow Historic Preservation Commission. Index of Winslow Indian Sanatorium Cemetery: from Navajo County death certificates published from 1933 through 1960. <br> | ||
*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html <u></u>Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.<br> | *[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html <u></u>Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.<br> | ||
*Navajo Indian Cemetery records and Some New Mexico Cemetery Records FamilySearch FHL US New MexicoCD # 1423 To utilized this CD in the Family History Library you will need to use a computer with a "patron desk top". <br> | |||
*Navajo Stock Reduction Interviews of Dean Sundberg and Fern Charley OnLine: https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE1904602<br> | *Navajo Stock Reduction Interviews of Dean Sundberg and Fern Charley OnLine: https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE1904602<br> | ||
*Navajo Tribal Mueum Archives, 1832-1966: Indian Papers. by Utah State Board of Education. <br> | *Navajo Tribal Mueum Archives, 1832-1966: Indian Papers. by Utah State Board of Education. <br> | ||
*Smith, Edward D. Range riding and Navajo stock reduction, (Oral History) O.H. 1155 Online: https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE1114720 <br> | *Smith, Edward D. Range riding and Navajo stock reduction, (Oral History) O.H. 1155 Online: https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE1114720 <br> | ||
*Tietjen, Gary (Elder and Sister). Vital records of the Eastern Navajos. Contents: Crownpoint Cemetery -- The Grants Cemetery -- The Rehoboth Cemetery -- The Smith Lake Cemetery -- The Thoreau Cemetery -- Obituaries of Eastern Navajos -- McKinley County death register, 1941-1961 -- Social security death records. {{FHL|831289|item|desp=FHL book 970.3 N227tg}}<br> | *Tietjen, Gary (Elder and Sister). Vital records of the Eastern Navajos. Contents: Crownpoint Cemetery -- The Grants Cemetery -- The Rehoboth Cemetery -- The Smith Lake Cemetery -- The Thoreau Cemetery -- Obituaries of Eastern Navajos -- McKinley County death register, 1941-1961 -- Social security death records. {{FHL|831289|item|desp=FHL book 970.3 N227tg}}<br> | ||
*United States Selective Service System. Arizona, World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. {{FHL|746966|item|desp= FHL film (20) first film 1473300}}<br> | *United States Selective Service System. Arizona, World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. {{FHL|746966|item|desp= FHL film (20) first film 1473300}}<br> | ||
*<br> | |||
=== Websites === | === Websites === | ||