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''[[England|England]][[Image:Gotoarrow.png]][[England_Land_and_Property|Land and Property]]''[[Image:Highfield Farm, Old Bolingbroke - geograph.org.uk - 869761.jpg|thumb|right|350x250px|Highfield Farm, Old Bolingbroke - geograph.org.uk - 869761.jpg]]  
''[[England|England]][[Image:Gotoarrow.png]][[England_Land_and_Property|Land and Property]]''[[Image:Highfield Farm, Old Bolingbroke - geograph.org.uk - 869761.jpg|thumb|right|350x250px]]  


=== Introduction  ===
=== Introduction  ===
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Freehold land, that can be bought, sold or bequeathed at any time, may appear alongside land that is leasehold or rented for a fixed number of years (usually a multiple of seven, or for a fixed number of stated lives) and alongside copyhold land held from the lord of a manor by a copy of the entry on the court roll. The nature of these holdings should always be noted as in each case they may lead to other records.  
Freehold land, that can be bought, sold or bequeathed at any time, may appear alongside land that is leasehold or rented for a fixed number of years (usually a multiple of seven, or for a fixed number of stated lives) and alongside copyhold land held from the lord of a manor by a copy of the entry on the court roll. The nature of these holdings should always be noted as in each case they may lead to other records.  
=== Land Records Timeline  ===
{| width="600" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"
|-
! align="center" scope="col" | DATE RANGE<br>
! align="center" scope="col" | TYPE OF RECORD<br>
|-
| Early - 1530s<br>
| Monastic cartularies<br>
|-
| 1086<br>
| Domesday<br>
|-
| 1100s<br>
| Wills<br>
|-
| 1182<br>
| Final Concord<br>
|-
| 1182 - 1833<br>
| Feet of Fines<br>
|-
| 1200s<br>
| Road maps<br>
|-
| 1235<br>
| Enclosure maps and awards<br>
|-
| 1236 - 1600s<br>
| Inquisitions Post Mortem<br>
|-
| 1279<br>
| Hundred Rolls of Edward I<br>
|-
| Mediaeval - 1700s<br>
| Borough land registration<br>
|-
| Mediaeval - 1922<br>
| Copyhold tenure<br>
|-
| Mediaeval - 1922<br>
| Manorial records<br>
|-
| 1350, more detailed from 1550<br>
| Manorial surveys<br>
|-
| 1400s<br>
| Common Recovery<br>
|-
| 1500s<br>
| Coastal charts<br>
|-
| 1530<br>
| Valor Ecclesiasticus<br>
|-
| 1535<br>
| All transfer of freehold land had to be enrolled<br>
|-
| 1550<br>
| Manorial maps<br>
|-
| 1574<br>
| County maps<br>
|-
| 1500s (late) - late 1900s<br>
| Estate Maps<br>
|-
| 1600 (early) - 1845<br>
| Lease and Release<br>
|-
| 1612<br>
| Town plans<br>
|-
| 1646 - 1660<br>
| Parliamentary Surveys<br>
|-
| 1600 - 1882<br>
| Private Estate Acts of Parliament<br>
|-
| 1662 - 1692<br>
| Hearth Tax<br>
|-
| 1663 - 1920<br>
| Bedford Level land registration<br>
|-
| 1675<br>
| Strip maps<br>
|-
| 1692 - 1963<br>
| Land Tax Assessments<br>
|-
| 1700 - 1875<br>
| Turnpike maps<br>
|-
| 1704 - 1970<br>
| Yorkshire land registration<br>
|-
| 1708 - 1938<br>
| Middlesex land registration<br>
|-
| 1736 - 1925<br>
| Trust Deeds<br>
|-
| 1737 - 1925<br>
| Charitable deeds enrolled in Close Rolls<br>
|-
| Circa 1750<br>
| Fire Insurance plans<br>
|-
| 1700s (late)<br>
| Freehold land (building) societies<br>
|-
| 1700s (late) - early 1800s<br>
| Canal maps<br>
|-
| 1792 - 1832<br>
| Land Tax Redemption<br>
|-
| 1800<br>
| Street maps<br>
|-
| 1800s (early)<br>
| Building plans<br>
|-
| 1801 - 1873<br>
| Ordnance Survey maps 1st edition<br>
|-
| 1829<br>
| Omnibus schedules<br>
|-
| 1830s<br>
| Railway maps<br>
|-
| 1831<br>
| Lewis' Gazetteer<br>
|-
| 1838 - 1845<br>
| Tithe agreements, awards and maps<br>
|-
| 1841<br>
| Enfranchisement of copyhold allowed<br>
|-
| 1841 - 1901<br>
| Census<br>
|-
| 1844 - 1930<br>
| O.S. maps Godfrey editions<br>
|-
| 1862<br>
| Land registration voluntary<br>
|-
| 1870 - 1960s<br>
| Tram maps<br>
|-
| 1871 - 1876<br>
| Return of Owners of Land<br>
|-
| 1873<br>
| Return of Owners of Land<br>
|-
| 1891<br>
| Land Registry compulsory<br>
|-
| 1894 -- &gt;<br>
| Death duties<br>
|-
| 1909 - 1915<br>
| Valuation Office Records<br>
|-
| 1911 - 1972<br>
| Trolleybus maps<br>
|-
| 1914<br>
| Creation of new entails prohibited<br>
|-
| 1922<br>
| Enfranchisement of copyhold compulsory<br>
|-
| 1940 - 1943<br>
| National Farm Surveys<br>
|-
| 1960s<br>
| Motorways<br>
|-
| 1974<br>
| New counties and unitary authorities<ref>Christensen, Penelope. "England Land Records Timeline (National Institute)," ''The National Institute for Genealogical Studies'' (2012), https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/England_Land_Records_Timeline_%28National_Institute%29.</ref>
|}


== [[Domesday Book]]  ==
== [[Domesday Book]]  ==


See also: [[Domesday Book]]
See also: [[Domesday Book]]  


The first general survey of the land of England, known as Domesday Book, was compiled by order of William the Conqueror in 1086. The entries were arranged by county in two books under the name of the manor, and show the names of the tenants-in chief and their sub-tenants (the names of the tenants before the Conquest also being noted). They record the number of hides of land in the manor (a hide was about 120 acres); the number of ploughs on the demesne (that part of the manor reserved for the lord’s use) and the number of ploughs available to the tenants; the number, but not names, of homagers (jurors on the manor court), villeins (unfree men who held their land by agricultural service to the lord), cottars (cottagers), serving men or slaves, free tenants, and tenants in soccage (renters); the extent of the woodland, meadows, and pasture; the number of mills and fish ponds; how much land had been added or taken away; and the gross value of the manor in 1086 and in the time of Edward the Confessor.  
The first general survey of the land of England, known as Domesday Book, was compiled by order of William the Conqueror in 1086. The entries were arranged by county in two books under the name of the manor, and show the names of the tenants-in chief and their sub-tenants (the names of the tenants before the Conquest also being noted). They record the number of hides of land in the manor (a hide was about 120 acres); the number of ploughs on the demesne (that part of the manor reserved for the lord’s use) and the number of ploughs available to the tenants; the number, but not names, of homagers (jurors on the manor court), villeins (unfree men who held their land by agricultural service to the lord), cottars (cottagers), serving men or slaves, free tenants, and tenants in soccage (renters); the extent of the woodland, meadows, and pasture; the number of mills and fish ponds; how much land had been added or taken away; and the gross value of the manor in 1086 and in the time of Edward the Confessor.  
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