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Below are some key dates and events in the history of the Netherlands. | Below are some key dates and events in the history of the Netherlands. | ||
'''1st cent. BC''' The area's first inhabitants - Frisians, Batavians, and other tribes - settle the coastal territory along the Rhine River. The Batavians become allies of Rome. | |||
''' 10th century''' The counts of Holland and Zeeland and the bishopric of Utrecht begin to gain greater control of their own affairs. | |||
'''1421''' A storm on St. Elizabeth's Day breaks dikes along the Maas and Waal rivers, causing a flood that drowns 10,000 people. | |||
'''1506''' The Netherlands is inherited by the future Habsburg Emperor and King of Spain Charles V. | |||
'''1555''' Philip II of Spain sends the duke of Alba to the Low Countries to confront the Protestant Reformation. | |||
'''1576''' The provinces of Holland and Zeeland were unified. The 17 provinces of the Netherlands (north and south) were also unified into what was called the Pacification of Ghent. | '''1576''' The provinces of Holland and Zeeland were unified. The 17 provinces of the Netherlands (north and south) were also unified into what was called the Pacification of Ghent. | ||
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'''1588''' Republic of the Seven United Netherlands was founded. | '''1588''' Republic of the Seven United Netherlands was founded. | ||
'''early 17th c.''' Jewish refugees from Spain and Portugal begin to arrive in the Netherlands. | |||
'''1626''' Peter Minuit "purchases" Manhattan Island from the Manhattoes Native Americans for the equivalent of $24, legalizing the Nieuw Amsterdam settlement founded the previous year at the mouth of the Hudson River. In 1664 it was renamed New York by the English. | |||
'''1642-43''' Navigator Abel Tasman is the first European to reach Tasmania and New Zealand. | |||
'''1614-1664''' [[New Netherland|New Netherland]] Colony settled in North America from Cape Cod to Virginia. Taken over by the English at the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War. | '''1614-1664''' [[New Netherland|New Netherland]] Colony settled in North America from Cape Cod to Virginia. Taken over by the English at the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War. | ||
'''1648''' The Peace of Munster ended the 80-year war for independence. The Dutch Republic was officially recognized as a nation. | '''1648''' The Peace of Munster ended the 80-year war for independence. The Dutch Republic was officially recognized as a nation. | ||
'''1652''' Dutchman Jan van Riebeek founds Cape Town, South Africa. | |||
'''1685 '''Edict of Nantes (a decree issued by Henry IV of France in 1598 that gave political equality to the Huguenots) was revoked. Consequently, there was a heavy influx of Huguenots into the Netherlands (by 1686 there were 75,000), resulting in the founding of many French Reformed Church congregations. | '''1685 '''Edict of Nantes (a decree issued by Henry IV of France in 1598 that gave political equality to the Huguenots) was revoked. Consequently, there was a heavy influx of Huguenots into the Netherlands (by 1686 there were 75,000), resulting in the founding of many French Reformed Church congregations. | ||
'''1689''' Stadhouder William III and his wife, Mary, become king and queen of England. | |||
'''1782''' Dutch become first to officially recognize nationhood of the United States. | |||
'''1795''' The Republic of the Seven United Netherlands was overthrown, and the Batavian Republic, patterned after the French republic, was established. Zeeuws Flanders, Flanders, and Dutch areas in Limburg were annexed to France. | '''1795''' The Republic of the Seven United Netherlands was overthrown, and the Batavian Republic, patterned after the French republic, was established. Zeeuws Flanders, Flanders, and Dutch areas in Limburg were annexed to France. | ||
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'''1839 '''Belgium was recognized as an independent nation, and border disputes were resolved. Limburg became a province of the Netherlands. | '''1839 '''Belgium was recognized as an independent nation, and border disputes were resolved. Limburg became a province of the Netherlands. | ||
'''1840 '''The province of Noord–Holland was created by a division of the province of Holland. The remaining part of the province of Holland later came to be known as Zuid–Holland. | '''1840 '''The province of Noord–Holland was created by a division of the province of Holland. The remaining part of the province of Holland later came to be known as Zuid–Holland. | ||
'''1917''' Despite Dutch neutrality in World War I (1914-18), the Netherlands suffers from severe food shortages. | |||
'''1920''' Dutch airline KLM launches the world's first scheduled air service, between Amsterdam and London. | |||
'''1932''' Afsluitdijk (Enclosure Dike) at the head of the Zuiderzee is completed, transforming the sea into the freshwater IJsselmeer Lake. | |||
'''1940''' World War II: Nazi Germany invades on May 10. Holland surrenders 4 days later after the aerial bombardment of Rotterdam. Queen Wilhelmina goes into exile in London. | |||
'''1945''' May 5: German forces in the Netherlands capitulate. KLM inaugurates Amsterdam- New York air service; journey time, including stopovers in Scotland and Newfoundland: 25.5 hours. | |||
'''1948''' Benelux customs union with Belgium and Luxembourg takes effect. | |||
'''1949''' The Netherlands joins NATO. The Dutch East Indies' wins independence, as Indonesia, after a bitterly fought liberation struggle. | |||
'''1953''' Devastating North Sea storms produce significant coastal flooding. Dutch embark on long-range Delta Project to seal off river estuaries in the southwest. | |||
'''1958''' The Netherlands joins the European Economic Community, the forerunner of today's European Union (EU). | |||
'''1975''' Amsterdam's 700th anniversary. The Netherlands grants independence to Suriname. | |||
'''1980''' Queen Juliana abdicates, and her eldest daughter Beatrix accedes to the throne. | |||
'''2004''' The former Queen Juliana dies. | |||
== Histories at the Family History Library == | == Histories at the Family History Library == | ||