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'''Ancestral Homeland: '''Georgia Bay, Lake Huron, Ontario, Lake Superior, Lake Michigan | '''Ancestral Homeland: '''Georgia Bay, Lake Huron, Ontario, Lake Superior, Lake Michigan | ||
'''Various spellings:''' Ottawa, Ottowa, Ottoway, Odawa, Tawas | '''Various spellings:''' Ottawa, Ottowa, Ottoway, Odawa, Tawas | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
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They were part of the Great Huron Trade. | They were part of the Great Huron Trade. | ||
The tribe is federally recognized as the Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma. | The tribe is federally recognized as the Ottawa Tribe of [[Indians_of_Oklahoma|Oklahoma]]. | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
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Little River Band of the Ottawa <br>375 River Street<br>Manistee, MI 49660<br>Phone: 1-231-723-8288<br>Toll Free: 1-888-723-8288<br>Fax: 1-231-723-8020<br> | Little River Band of the Ottawa <br>375 River Street<br>Manistee, MI 49660<br>Phone: 1-231-723-8288<br>Toll Free: 1-888-723-8288<br>Fax: 1-231-723-8020<br> | ||
Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma<br>13 S. 69 A <br>Miami, OK 74354 <br>Phone: | Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma<br>13 S. 69 A <br>Miami, OK 74354 <br>Phone:1-918-540-1536<br>Fax: 1-918-542-3214<br>Email: [mailto:adawetribe@sbcglobal.net adawetribe@sbcglobal.net]<br> | ||
*[http://www.gtbindians.org/contact-us.html Grand River Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians] government offices at Peshawbestown, Michigan | *[http://www.gtbindians.org/contact-us.html Grand River Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians] government offices at Peshawbestown, Michigan | ||
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Andrew J. Blackbird. History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan. Ypsilanti, MI 1887. {{FHL|52238|item|disp=FHL Book 970.1 B562h }} or FHL film 1011853 Item; or [http://www.nanations.com/ottawachippewa/index.htm http://www.nanations.com/ottawachippewa/index.htm] | Andrew J. Blackbird. History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan. Ypsilanti, MI 1887. {{FHL|52238|item|disp=FHL Book 970.1 B562h }} or FHL film 1011853 Item; or [http://www.nanations.com/ottawachippewa/index.htm http://www.nanations.com/ottawachippewa/index.htm] | ||
Cash, Joseph H. and Gerald W. Wolff. ''The Ottawa People''. Indian Tribal Series, Phoenix, 1976. WorldCat 2716074. Out of print. | Cash, Joseph H. and Gerald W. Wolff. ''The Ottawa People''. Indian Tribal Series, Phoenix, 1976. WorldCat 2716074. Out of print. | ||
Theodore Karamanski. ''Blackbird's Song'' East Lansing, MI, Michigan State University Press, 2012. see: [[Theodore Karamanski. | Theodore Karamanski. ''Blackbird's Song'' East Lansing, MI, Michigan State University Press, 2012. see: [[Theodore Karamanski. Blackbird's Song East Lansing, MI, Michigan State University Press, 2012. see: www.amazon.com/Blackbirds-Song-Andrew-Blackbird-People/dp/1611860504|www.amazon.com/Blackbirds-Song-Andrew-Blackbird-People/dp/1611860504]] | ||
Thomas Guthrie Marquis. The War Chief of the Ottawas: A Chronicle of the Pontiac War. Toronto, Glasgow, Brook, 1920 {{FHL|166225|item|disp=FHL Book 979.1H2cc vol l5}} (Chronicles of Canada: Vol 15) | Thomas Guthrie Marquis. The War Chief of the Ottawas: A Chronicle of the Pontiac War. Toronto, Glasgow, Brook, 1920 {{FHL|166225|item|disp=FHL Book 979.1H2cc vol l5}} (Chronicles of Canada: Vol 15) | ||
=== Brief Timeline === | === Brief Timeline === | ||
*'''1600:''' In the Great Lakes area - Lake Huron | *'''1600:''' In the Great Lakes area - Lake Huron | ||
*'''1660: '''defeated by the Iroquois who disrupted trade | *'''1660: '''defeated by the Iroquois who disrupted trade | ||
*'''1689-1763: '''French and Indian Wars (French and Algonquian tribes against English and Iroquois) | *'''1689-1763: '''French and Indian Wars (French and Algonquian tribes against English and Iroquois) | ||
*'''1763: '''Treaty of Paris | *'''1763: '''Treaty of Paris | ||
*'''1763: '''Pontiac's Rebellion; tried to drive the British from the Great Lakes. About 2,000 settlers died during the rebellion. Many British forts surrendered; Fort Detroit and Fort Pitt did not. Fort Pitt under Lord Jeffery Amherst's suggestion, sent out smallpox-infected blankets starting an epidemic among the Indians | *'''1763: '''Pontiac's Rebellion; tried to drive the British from the Great Lakes. About 2,000 settlers died during the rebellion. Many British forts surrendered; Fort Detroit and Fort Pitt did not. Fort Pitt under Lord Jeffery Amherst's suggestion, sent out smallpox-infected blankets starting an epidemic among the Indians | ||
*'''1831: '''Land cessions | *'''1831: '''Land cessions | ||
*1837 Census (M1831) | *1837 Census (M1831) | ||
*1837-47: Tribe under the jurisdiction of the [[Council Bluffs Subagency (Iowa)|Council Bluff Agency]] | *1837-47: Tribe under the jurisdiction of the [[Council Bluffs Subagency (Iowa)|Council Bluff Agency]] | ||
*1837-51: Tribe under the jurisdiction of the [[Osage River Indian Agency (Kansas)|Osage River Agency]] | *1837-51: Tribe under the jurisdiction of the [[Osage River Indian Agency (Kansas)|Osage River Agency]] | ||
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*'''1979:'''Ottawa Tribe reestablished as a federally recognized government when the Ottawa Council and the U.S. Congress ratified the Constitution. Present day members of the Ottawa of Oklahoma tribe must present proof of blood relatives on the 1956 roll and an original birth certificate. | *'''1979:'''Ottawa Tribe reestablished as a federally recognized government when the Ottawa Council and the U.S. Congress ratified the Constitution. Present day members of the Ottawa of Oklahoma tribe must present proof of blood relatives on the 1956 roll and an original birth certificate. | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
=== Reservations === | === Reservations === | ||
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While the tribe was located in the East: | While the tribe was located in the East: | ||
*[[Green Bay Indian Agency (Wisconsin)|Green Bay]], [[Ohio Indian Agency|Ohio]], [[Chicago Indian Agency (Illinois)|Chicago]], [[Mackinac Indian Agency (Michigan)|Mackinac]], | *[[Green Bay Indian Agency (Wisconsin)|Green Bay]], [[Ohio Indian Agency|Ohio]], [[Chicago Indian Agency (Illinois)|Chicago]], [[Mackinac Indian Agency (Michigan)|Mackinac]],[[Sault Ste. Marie Indian Agency (Michigan)|Sault Ste. Marie agencies]],and the Subagency of [[Saginaw Indian Subagency (Michigan)|Saginaw]] | ||
When located in Iowa | When located in Iowa | ||
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==== Superintendencies ==== | ==== Superintendencies ==== | ||
[[Michigan Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Michigan]], [[St. Louis Superintendency of Indian Affairs|St. Louis]], and [[Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Central]] | [[Michigan Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Michigan]], [[St. Louis Superintendency of Indian Affairs|St. Louis]], and [[Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Central]]superintendencies | ||
== Records == | == Records == | ||
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*[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Grand_River_allotment.pdf 1853 annuity] paid to heads of families and individuals of the Ottawa Tribe at the [[Michigan Indian Agency|Michigan Agency]] | *[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Grand_River_allotment.pdf 1853 annuity] paid to heads of families and individuals of the Ottawa Tribe at the [[Michigan Indian Agency|Michigan Agency]] | ||
*[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Durant08.pdf 1'''908 census roll''']'''of persons and their descendants who were on the roll of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians in 1870 and who were living on March 4, 1907, as enumerated by Horace B. Durant.''' It is also called the "Durant Roll." | *[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Durant08.pdf 1'''908 census roll''']'''of persons and their descendants who were on the roll of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians in 1870 and who were living on March 4, 1907, as enumerated by Horace B. Durant.''' It is also called the "Durant Roll." It is used as a primary source to establish the membership of the Grand Traverse Bay Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians and that of the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa. A searchable online version of the "Durant Roll" is available here:[http://www.mainlymichigan.com/nativedata/DurantRoll/Default.aspx www.mainlymichigan.com/nativedata/DurantRoll/Default.aspx] | ||
*[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Reports.pdf Additions to the Durant Roll] | *[http://www.grboi.com/archive/pdf/Reports.pdf Additions to the Durant Roll] | ||
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*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0402.htm 1833] September 26, at Chicago with Chippewa | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0402.htm 1833] September 26, at Chicago with Chippewa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0450.htm 1836] March 28, at Washington, with the Ottawa | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0450.htm 1836] March 28, at Washington, with the Ottawa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/pot0557.htm 1846] | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/pot0557.htm 1846] June 5 and 17, at Council Bluffs, with the Potawatomi Nation | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0725.htm 1855] July 31, at Detroit, with the Chippewa | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0725.htm 1855] July 31, at Detroit, with the Chippewa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0830.htm 1862] June 24, at Washington, Ottawa of Blanchard's Fork and Roche De Boeuf | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0830.htm 1862] June 24, at Washington, Ottawa of Blanchard's Fork and Roche De Boeuf | ||
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*Housman, Gerald L. ''Ottawa Indian Cemetery, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 1870-1995. Tulsa, OK: Cock-A-Hoop Pub. Bartlesville, OK: Distributed by G.L. Housman, ©1996. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/ottawa-indian-cemetery-ottawa-county-oklahoma-1870-1995/oclc/36008661 WorldCat 36008661] | *Housman, Gerald L. ''Ottawa Indian Cemetery, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 1870-1995. Tulsa, OK: Cock-A-Hoop Pub. Bartlesville, OK: Distributed by G.L. Housman, ©1996. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/ottawa-indian-cemetery-ottawa-county-oklahoma-1870-1995/oclc/36008661 WorldCat 36008661] | ||
*[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&GSvcid=146089&GRid=21888260&CRid=291081& Find A Grave: | *[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&GSvcid=146089&GRid=21888260&CRid=291081& Find A Grave:Ottawa Indian Cemetery], Ottawa Indian Cemetery, Miami, Ottawa, Oklahoma | ||
== Important Web Sites == | == Important Web Sites == | ||
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*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. | *[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. | ||
*Cash, Joseph H. and Gerald W. Wolff. ''The Ottawa People''. Indian Tribal Series, Phoenix, 1976. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/ottawa-people/oclc/2716074 WorldCat | *Cash, Joseph H. and Gerald W. Wolff. ''The Ottawa People''. Indian Tribal Series, Phoenix, 1976. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/ottawa-people/oclc/2716074 WorldCat 2716074] | ||
*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ Available online]. | *Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ Available online]. | ||
*Klein, Barry T., ed. ''Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian''. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/317923332?referer=list_view WorldCat 317923332]; {{FHL|1122745|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 R259e}}. | *Klein, Barry T., ed. ''Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian''. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/317923332?referer=list_view WorldCat 317923332]; {{FHL|1122745|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 R259e}}. | ||