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''[[Indians of Montana|Indians of Montana]] > Northern Cheyenne Indians''
{{inmt}}


To get started in [[American_Indian_Genealogy|American Indian Research]]
To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]  


{{infobox ethnic group
{{infobox ethnic group
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|related-c = Cheyenne
|related-c = Cheyenne
}}  
}}  
<br>


=== Tribal Headquarters  ===
=== Tribal Headquarters  ===


Northern Cheyenne Tribe <br>P.O. Box 128<br>Lame Deer, MT 59043<br>Phone: 1.406.477.6284<br>Fax: 1.406.477.6210 <br>
Northern Cheyenne Tribe <br>P.O. Box 128<br>Lame Deer, MT 59043<br>Phone: 1.406.477.6284<br>Fax: 1.406.477.6210 <br>  


*Tribal Website for the [http://www.cheyennenation.com/ Northern Cheyenne Tribe]
*Tribal Website for the [http://www.cheyennenation.com/ Northern Cheyenne Tribe]
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Among the many tribes involved in the Battle of the Little Big Horn, the Northern Cheyenne helped defeat General Custer's army.  
Among the many tribes involved in the Battle of the Little Big Horn, the Northern Cheyenne helped defeat General Custer's army.  


The Northern Cheyenne divided into four groups -- Two Moon going to Fort Keogh, the second group joining other Cheyenne bands in Nebraska, the third group joined the Southern Cheyenne in Oklahoma, and the fourth group joining the Northern Arapaho at the Wind River Agency in Wyoming<br>
The Northern Cheyenne divided into four groups -- Two Moon going to Fort Keogh, the second group joining other Cheyenne bands in Nebraska, the third group joined the Southern Cheyenne in Oklahoma, and the fourth group joining the Northern Arapaho at the [[Wind_River_Indian_Agency_(Wyoming)|Wind River Agency]] in [[Indians_of_Wyoming|Wyoming]]<br>  


The Tongue River Reservation became home to the Northern Cheyenne in 1884. The name of the Reservation was later changed to the Northern Cheyenne Reservation.<br>
The Tongue River Reservation became home to the Northern Cheyenne in 1884. The name of the Reservation was later changed to the [[Northern_Cheyenne_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)|Northern Cheyenne Reservation]].<br>  


==== Brief Timeline  ====
==== Brief Timeline  ====


*'''1700: '''living in Minnesota River valley  
*1700: Living in Minnesota River valley  
*'''1700's:''' during 1700s migrated to the Cheyenne River valley in North Dakota  
*1700's: During 1700s migrated to the Cheyenne River valley in [[Indians_of_North_Dakota|North Dakota]]
*'''1800's:''' pressures forced them to the Missouri River, North and South Dakota.  
*1800's: Pressures forced them to the Missouri River, North and [[Indians_of_South_Dakota|South Dakota]].  
*'''1820's:''' formed an alliance with the Oglala Sioux and fought the Crow Indians  
*1820's: Formed an alliance with the [[Oglala_Sioux_Tribe,_South_Dakota|Oglala Sioux]] and fought the [[Crow_Indians|Crow Indians]]
*'''1825:''' "Friendhip Treaty of 1825" -- fifteen Cheyenne leaders received a medal which bore the design of clasped hands .  
*1825: "Friendship Treaty of 1825" -- fifteen Cheyenne leaders received a medal which bore the design of clasped hands .  
*'''1825:''' tribe division of the Cheyenne into northern and southern bands.  
*1825: Tribe division of the Cheyenne into northern and southern bands.  
*'''1830:''' Bent's Fort established  
*1830: Bent's Fort established  
*'''1850: '''had migrated to North Platte River in eastern Wyoming.  
*1850: Migrated to North Platte River in eastern Wyoming.  
*'''1851:''' Treaty at Fort Laramie gave the&nbsp;Cheyenne and other tribes land between the Platte and Arkansas Rivers, in what became Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, and western Kansas.  
*1851: Treaty at Fort Laramie gave the Cheyenne and other tribes land between the Platte and Arkansas Rivers, in what became Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, and western Kansas.  
*'''1857-1879:''' the Cheyenne fought an ongoing war with the U.S. Army  
*1857-1879: The Cheyenne fought an ongoing war with the U.S. Army  
*'''1864: '''Sand Creek Massacre 400-500 Southern Cheyenne under leadership of Black Kettle and Arapaho killed by U.S. Soldiers  
*1864: Sand Creek Massacre 400-500 Southern Cheyenne under leadership of Black Kettle and Arapaho killed by U.S. Soldiers  
*'''1864-65:''' Southern Cheyenne, and allies Arapaho and Sioux angered by the Sand Creek Massacre raided the South Platte area, and wagon trains  
*1864-65: Southern Cheyenne, and allies Arapaho and Sioux angered by the Sand Creek Massacre raided the South Platte area, and wagon trains  
*'''1866-1868: Northern Cheyenne''', Sioux (Miniconjous, Oglala, Sans Arcs, Brules), and Northern Arapaho were opposed to the construction of the Bozeman Trail. At the battle of Massacre Ridge (December 1866) 2,000 warrors killed eighty-one soldiers under the command of Captain William J. Fetterman. Three forts were built to protect the developing trail and workers -- Fort Reno, Fort Phil Kearny and Fort C.F. Smith. The Bozeman Trail was abandoned as the Union Pacific Railroad would make the trail obsolete.  
*1866-1868: Northern Cheyenne, [[Sioux_Indians|Sioux]] (Miniconjous, Oglala, Sans Arcs, Brules), and Northern [[Arapaho_Indians|Arapaho]] were opposed to the construction of the Bozeman Trail. At the battle of Massacre Ridge (December 1866) 2,000 warriors killed eighty-one soldiers under the command of Captain William J. Fetterman. Three forts were built to protect the developing trail and workers -- Fort Reno, Fort Phil Kearny and Fort C.F. Smith. The Bozeman Trail was abandoned as the Union Pacific Railroad would make the trail obsolete.  
*'''1868:''' May 10 -- Treaty at Fort Laramie with the '''Northern Cheyenne '''and Northern Arapaho.  
*1868: May 10 -- Treaty at Fort Laramie with the Northern Cheyenne and Northern Arapaho.  
*'''1875:''' Indian Homestead Act, precluded the need for a reservation. By this land law, Indians were free to file claims of 160 acres.  
*1875: Indian Homestead Act, precluded the need for a reservation. By this land law, Indians were free to file claims of 160 acres.  
*'''1875-76: '''there were approximately 15,000 gold seekers in the Black Hills  
*1875-76: There were approximately 15,000 gold seekers in the Black Hills  
*'''1876: '''Battle of Powder River -- U.S. Army under command of Colonel Mackenzie -- 1,100 soldiers attacked and burned the Northern Cheyenne village on Powder River.  
*1876: Battle of Powder River -- U.S. Army under command of Colonel Mackenzie -- 1,100 soldiers attacked and burned the Northern Cheyenne village on Powder River.  
*'''1876:''' the '''Northern Cheyenne''' participated in the Battle of the Little Big Horn  
*1876: The Northern Cheyenne participated in the Battle of the Little Big Horn  
*'''1876:''' Battle of Wolf Mountain  
*1876: Battle of Wolf Mountain  
*'''1877:''' In April the '''Northern Cheyenne divided into four groups''': '''Two Moon '''group went to Fort Keogh where they surrendered to Colonel Miles, and the warriors became scouts, later fighting against Sioux and Nez Perce Indians. '''Second group -''' largest group- moved east and joined other Cheyenne bands, who surrendered at Red Cloud Agency in Nebraska. '''Third group- '''went to Oklahoma and joined the Southern Cheyenne. '''Fourth group'''- joined the Northern Arapaho at Wind River Agency in Wyoming.  
*1877: In April the Northern Cheyenne divided into four groups: Two Moon group went to Fort Keogh where they surrendered to Colonel Miles, and the warriors became scouts, later fighting against Sioux and Nez Perce Indians. Second group - largest group- moved east and joined other Cheyenne bands, who surrendered at [[Red_Cloud_Indian_Agency_(Nebraska)|Red Cloud Agency]] in Nebraska. Third group- went to Oklahoma and joined the Southern Cheyenne. Fourth group- joined the Northern Arapaho at [[Wind_River_Indian_Agency_(Wyoming)|Wind River Agency]] in Wyoming.  
*'''1877 May 28''': Northern Cheyenne tribe left Red Cloud Agency for the Cheyenne-Arapaho Agency at Darlington, Oklahoma. The Fourth Cavalry under Lieutenant Henry W. Lawton escorted them and two days later they arrived at the Cheyenne-Arapho Agency. Some of the Northern tribesmen not welcomed.  
*1877 May 28: Northern Cheyenne tribe left Red Cloud Agency for the Cheyenne-Arapaho Agency at Darlington, Oklahoma. The Fourth Cavalry under Lieutenant Henry W. Lawton escorted them and two days later they arrived at the Cheyenne-Arapho Agency. Some of the Northern tribesmen not welcomed.  
*'''1877:''' Cheyenne surrendered and were removed to the Southern Cheyenne Reservation in Indian Territory  
*1877: Cheyenne surrendered and were removed to the Southern Cheyenne Reservation in Indian Territory  
*'''1878:''' part of the '''Northern Cheyenne '''were allowed to go back north.  
*1878: Part of the Northern Cheyenne were allowed to go back north.  
*'''1880-1891:''' the tribe gathered to southeastern Montana  
*1880-1891: The tribe gathered to southeastern Montana  
*'''1884:''' Tongue River Reservation was established for the '''Northern Cheyenne '''on 16 November by executive order of President Chester A. Arthur.  
*1884: [[Tongue_River_Indian_Agency_(Montana)|Tongue River Reservation]] was established for the Northern Cheyenne on 16 November by executive order of President Chester A. Arthur.  
*'''1884:''' '''Northern Cheyenne Reservation '''is established  
*1884: Northern Cheyenne Reservation is established  
*'''1884:''' [[St. Labre Indian School (Montana)|St. Labre Catholic Indian Boarding School]] was established at site of Ashland, Montana  
*1884: [[St. Labre Indian School (Montana)|St. Labre Catholic Indian Boarding School]] was established at site of Ashland, Montana  
*'''1900:''' The Tongue River Reservation was enlarged by executive order on 19 March 1900 to include from the west bank of the Tongue River to the eastern boundary of the Crow Reservation  
*1900: The Tongue River Reservation was enlarged by executive order on 19 March 1900 to include from the west bank of the Tongue River to the eastern boundary of the [[Crow_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)|Crow Reservation]]
*'''1935:''' Constitution and bylaws of the Northern Cheyenne was approved on 23 November 1935, under the Indian Reorganization Act.
*1935: Constitution and bylaws of the Northern Cheyenne was approved on 23 November 1935, under the Indian Reorganization Act.


==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe  ====
==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe  ====


[[Image:800px-Grabill - Comanche, the only survivor of the Custer Massacre, 1876.jpg|frame|right|330x230px|<center>Grabill-Comanche, the only survivor of the Custer Massacre, 1876.</center>]]  
[[Image:800px-Grabill - Comanche, the only survivor of the Custer Massacre, 1876.jpg|frame|right|330x230px|800px-Grabill - Comanche, the only survivor of the Custer Massacre, 1876.jpg]]  


<br>  
<br>  
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<br>  
<br>  


<br>
<br>  


=== Records  ===
<br>  
 
<br>


==== Agencies  ====
==== Agencies  ====


[[Image:Bureau of Indian Affairs - US. Department Of The Interior.png|frame|right|230x230px]] The following [[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs]] had jurisdiction over the Northern Cheyenne for the time periods indicated. BIA agencies were responsible to keep such records as census rolls, allotment (land) records, annuity rolls, school records, correspondence, and other records of individual Indians under their jurisdiction. For details, see the page for the respective agency.  
[[Image:Bureau of Indian Affairs - US. Department Of The Interior.png|frame|right|230x230px]] The following [[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs]] had jurisdiction over the Northern Cheyenne for the time periods indicated. BIA agencies were responsible to keep such records as census rolls, allotment (land) records, annuity rolls, school records, correspondence, and other records of individual Indians under their jurisdiction. For details, see the page for the respective agency.


*[[Tongue River Indian Agency (Montana)|Tongue River Agency]], 1868-  
*[[Tongue River Indian Agency (Montana)|Tongue River Agency]], 1868-  
*[[Northern Cheyenne Indian Agency (Montana)|Northern Cheyenne Agency]], -present
*[[Northern Cheyenne Indian Agency (Montana)|Northern Cheyenne Agency]], -present


<br>  
=== Records ===
 
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br>  
 
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]]
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]]
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]]
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]


==== Census Records  ====
==== Census Records  ====
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| Washington, DC  
| Washington, DC  
| 574-579  
| 574-579  
| -
| 583033-583038
|}
|}
<br>


==== Tribal Office Records  ====
==== Tribal Office Records  ====


The Tribal Office is responsible for enrollment records, vital records, tribal police records, tribal court records, employment records and many others. They are an entirely different set of records from those kept by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Most of them remain in the Tribal Office. For details, contact that office at the address for the Tribal Headquarters listed above.
The Tribal Office is responsible for enrollment records, vital records, tribal police records, tribal court records, employment records and many others. They are an entirely different set of records from those kept by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Most of them remain in the Tribal Office. For details, contact that office at the address for the Tribal Headquarters listed above.  


=== Important Web Sites  ===
=== Important Web Sites  ===


[[Image:Cheyenne, Crossed Feathers with his wife and daughter, 1908.jpg|frame|right|285x230px|<center>Cheyenne, Crossed Feathers with his wife and daughter, 1908</center>]]  
[[Image:Cheyenne, Crossed Feathers with his wife and daughter, 1908.jpg|frame|right|285x230px|Cheyenne, Crossed Feathers with his wife and daughter, 1908.jpg]]  


*[http://thorpe.ou.edu/IRA/ncheycons.html Constitution and By-Laws] of the Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Tongue River Reservation, Approved November 23, 1935  
*[http://thorpe.ou.edu/IRA/ncheycons.html Constitution and By-Laws] of the Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Tongue River Reservation, Approved November 23, 1935  
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*Wikipedia article on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheyenne Cheyenne Tribe]  
*Wikipedia article on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheyenne Cheyenne Tribe]  
*Wikipedia article on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Cheyenne_Indian_Reservation Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation]
*Wikipedia article on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Cheyenne_Indian_Reservation Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation]
<br>
<br>


=== References  ===
=== References  ===


<references />
<references />  


Svingen, Orlan J. ''The Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation 1877-1900''. Universtiy Press of Colorado.C 1993. University Press of Colorado. ISBN 0-87081-303-x  
Svingen, Orlan J. ''The Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation 1877-1900''. University Press of Colorado.C 1993. University Press of Colorado. ISBN 0-87081-303-x  


=== Bibliography  ===
=== Bibliography  ===
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:Volume 1 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 1 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br>
:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br>  
:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>
:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>  
:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4}}.<br>
:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4}}.<br>  
:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5}}.<br>
:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5}}.<br>  
:Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493742&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493742]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6}}.<br>
:Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493742&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493742]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6}}.<br>  
:Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493311&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493311]<br>
:Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493311&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493311]<br>  
:Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13240086&referer=brief_results WorldCat 13240086]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8}}.<br>
:Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13240086&referer=brief_results WorldCat 13240086]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8}}.<br>  
:Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26140053&referer=brief_results WorldCat 26140053]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9}}.<br>
:Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26140053&referer=brief_results WorldCat 26140053]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9}}.<br>  
:Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/301504096&referer=brief_results WorldCat 301504096]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10}}.  
:Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/301504096&referer=brief_results WorldCat 301504096]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10}}.  
:Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256516416&referer=brief_results WorldCat 256516416]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11}}.<br>
:Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256516416&referer=brief_results WorldCat 256516416]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11}}.<br>  
:Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39401371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 39401371]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12}}.<br>
:Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39401371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 39401371]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12}}.<br>  
:Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48209643&referer=brief_results WorldCat 48209643]<br>
:Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48209643&referer=brief_results WorldCat 48209643]<br>  
:Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254277176&referer=brief_results WorldCat 254277176]  
:Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254277176&referer=brief_results WorldCat 254277176]  
:Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256517503&referer=brief_results WorldCat 356517503]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15}}.<br>
:Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256517503&referer=brief_results WorldCat 356517503]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15}}.<br>  
:Volume 16 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 16 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43957746&referer=brief_results WorldCat 43957746]<br>
:Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43957746&referer=brief_results WorldCat 43957746]<br>  
:Volume 18 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 18 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 19 -- Not yet published  
:Volume 19 -- Not yet published  
HealeyJE
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