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Ireland Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions
Ireland Emigration and Immigration (view source)
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Emigration records are about people leaving a country. Immigration records are about people entering a country. Records of emigration and immigration include passenger lists, permissions to emigrate, records of passports issued, lists of transported prisoners, and registers of assistance to emigrate. These records may contain the name, age, occupation, destination, place of origin or birthplace, date of departure, and date and ship of arrival of the person immigrating or emigrating. Names of fellow passengers may suggest familial relationships or provide hints about a passenger's place of origin or destination. | Emigration records are about people leaving a country. Immigration records are about people entering a country. Records of emigration and immigration include passenger lists, permissions to emigrate, records of passports issued, lists of transported prisoners, and registers of assistance to emigrate. These records may contain the name, age, occupation, destination, place of origin or birthplace, date of departure, and date and ship of arrival of the person immigrating or emigrating. Names of fellow passengers may suggest familial relationships or provide hints about a passenger's place of origin or destination. | ||
No records are required for movements within the British Isles countries (England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Isle of Man, and Channel Islands). Records were not required for free emigrants to the United States until 1773, to Canada until 1865, or to Australia, New Zealand, the British West Indies, or South Africa until the twentieth century. No countrywide, official record was kept for people leaving Ireland.[[Image:Voyage of the Catalpa.jpg|thumb|right|278x234px | No records are required for movements within the British Isles countries (England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Isle of Man, and Channel Islands). Records were not required for free emigrants to the United States until 1773, to Canada until 1865, or to Australia, New Zealand, the British West Indies, or South Africa until the twentieth century. No countrywide, official record was kept for people leaving Ireland.[[Image:Voyage of the Catalpa.jpg|thumb|right|278x234px]]<br><br> | ||
== Where Did My Ancestors Come From? == | == Where Did My Ancestors Come From? == | ||
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Records in the country to where your ancestors emigrated can provide clues about where they lived in Ireland. To learn about these records, click on a country where they settled. | Records in the country to where your ancestors emigrated can provide clues about where they lived in Ireland. To learn about these records, click on a country where they settled. | ||
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| [[Finding an Irish Ancestor Using Australian Records|Australia]] | | [[Finding an Irish Ancestor Using Australian Records|Australia]] | ||
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*Northern Ireland availability: [http://www.nidirect.gov.uk/index/do-it-online/government-citizens-and-rights-online/order-a-birth-adoption-death-marriage-or-civil-partnership-certificate.htm 1922 to present] | *Northern Ireland availability: [http://www.nidirect.gov.uk/index/do-it-online/government-citizens-and-rights-online/order-a-birth-adoption-death-marriage-or-civil-partnership-certificate.htm 1922 to present] | ||
Sometimes it is possible to guess where an immigrant originated through [[Surname Distribution Maps|surname distribution maps]]. | Sometimes it is possible to guess where an immigrant originated through [[Surname Distribution Maps|surname distribution maps]]. | ||
==== '''Pre-1864''' ==== | ==== '''Pre-1864''' ==== | ||
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== Reasons Irish Emigrated == | == Reasons Irish Emigrated == | ||
[[Image:Emigrants leave Ireland.jpg|thumb|right]]The Irish throughout history had many reasons for leaving Ireland. As well many among those remaining in Ireland ''would'' have emigrated but were unable to, due to poverty or impoverishment. Many Irishmen during the Great Famine years who did embark were in such sickened and critically weakened condition that death followed many while traversing the high seas to their new world home. | [[Image:Emigrants leave Ireland.jpg|thumb|right|Emigrants leave Ireland.jpg]]The Irish throughout history had many reasons for leaving Ireland. As well many among those remaining in Ireland ''would'' have emigrated but were unable to, due to poverty or impoverishment. Many Irishmen during the Great Famine years who did embark were in such sickened and critically weakened condition that death followed many while traversing the high seas to their new world home. | ||
Generally, the Irishman's reasons for emigrating--if not compelled to do so, to countries abroad were due to an intolerable convergence of circumstances including, but not limited to: | Generally, the Irishman's reasons for emigrating--if not compelled to do so, to countries abroad were due to an intolerable convergence of circumstances including, but not limited to: | ||
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For a more complete list detailing the devastating effects of the Penal Laws and the main reasons for emigrating, read [[Compelling Reasons Why The Irish Emigrated]]. | For a more complete list detailing the devastating effects of the Penal Laws and the main reasons for emigrating, read [[Compelling Reasons Why The Irish Emigrated]]. | ||
See the ''[https://familysearch.org/learningcenter/lesson/ireland-beginning-research-series-immigration-part-2-famine-and-post-famine-sources/140 "Ireland Beginning Research Series Immigration Part 2: Famine and Post Famine Sources" ]tutorial at FamilySearch.org.'' | See the ''[https://familysearch.org/learningcenter/lesson/ireland-beginning-research-series-immigration-part-2-famine-and-post-famine-sources/140 "Ireland Beginning Research Series Immigration Part 2: Famine and Post Famine Sources" ]tutorial at FamilySearch.org.'' | ||
== Emigration from Ireland == | == Emigration from Ireland == | ||
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== Records of Irish Emigrants in Their Destination Countries == | == Records of Irish Emigrants in Their Destination Countries == | ||
[[Image:Off to America p. 32.jpg|thumb|right|300px | [[Image:Off to America p. 32.jpg|thumb|right|300px]] | ||
Immigration records of the country to which your ancestor immigrated may help you determine your ancestor's place of origin, occupation, and age. Knowing an approximate date and port of arrival or the name of the ship on which your ancestor sailed will help you search immigration records. Naturalization records in the destination country can be more helpful than immigration records in determining your ancestor's place of origin. To learn more about naturalization records, read [[Tracing Immigrant Origins|Tracing Immigrant Origins]] or the articles about ''Naturalization and Citizenship'' for each destination country. | Immigration records of the country to which your ancestor immigrated may help you determine your ancestor's place of origin, occupation, and age. Knowing an approximate date and port of arrival or the name of the ship on which your ancestor sailed will help you search immigration records. Naturalization records in the destination country can be more helpful than immigration records in determining your ancestor's place of origin. To learn more about naturalization records, read [[Tracing Immigrant Origins|Tracing Immigrant Origins]] or the articles about ''Naturalization and Citizenship'' for each destination country. | ||
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also go to familysearch.org, and scroll down to Australia and New Zealand on left handside of screen, and you will see a line for New Zealand Immigration, click on there, and enter a surname only. Gradually the Shipping data is being indexed, and loaded. | also go to familysearch.org, and scroll down to Australia and New Zealand on left handside of screen, and you will see a line for New Zealand Immigration, click on there, and enter a surname only. Gradually the Shipping data is being indexed, and loaded. | ||
At the Hocken Library, University of Otago, Dunedin New Zealand, there are 3 books with Irish Immigrants to Otago Southland, by Michael Rombouts. You can ask the Staff to look up and see if your Ancestor is listed. | At the Hocken Library, University of Otago, Dunedin New Zealand, there are 3 books with Irish Immigrants to Otago Southland, by Michael Rombouts. You can ask the Staff to look up and see if your Ancestor is listed. | ||
== British Records of Irish Emigration == | == British Records of Irish Emigration == | ||
[[Image:Harbour in Kingstown Dublin.jpg|thumb|right|333x250px | [[Image:Harbour in Kingstown Dublin.jpg|thumb|right|333x250px]]Many records of Irish emigration are kept in England. To effectively search these records, it helps to know the approximate date of emigration, the ship in which your ancestor emigrated, the type of or reason for emigration, or the previous residence of your ancestor in Britain. If you know the ship name, Lloyd's ''Register of British and Foreign Shipping, 1776-1880''(LaCrosse, Wisconsin: Brookhaven Press, 1981; Family History Library {{FHL|22058|title-id|disp=fiche 6024581-5194 6025259-95, 6053006-7}}; not available at Family History Centers) may provide additional details on the ship, including ports of embarkation and arrival. Once you have gathered background information, you can search British emigration records including: | ||
'''Passenger lists'''. Passenger lists are port records listing departing or arriving passengers. British passenger departure lists are rare before 1890. From January 1890, records were kept of passengers departing from ports in England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. These lists usually give the emigrant's name, age, occupation, departure date, address in the United Kingdom, and sometimes destination. These records are arranged by date and by port of departure. They are kept at the Public Record Office, Kew. The Family History Library does not have copies of these records. Therefore, you may want to check Irish emigrant lists that have been compiled from these records and published in recent years by such authors as Ira A. Glazier, Michael Tepper, and Brian Mitchell. | '''Passenger lists'''. Passenger lists are port records listing departing or arriving passengers. British passenger departure lists are rare before 1890. From January 1890, records were kept of passengers departing from ports in England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. These lists usually give the emigrant's name, age, occupation, departure date, address in the United Kingdom, and sometimes destination. These records are arranged by date and by port of departure. They are kept at the Public Record Office, Kew. The Family History Library does not have copies of these records. Therefore, you may want to check Irish emigrant lists that have been compiled from these records and published in recent years by such authors as Ira A. Glazier, Michael Tepper, and Brian Mitchell. | ||
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{{featured article}} | {{featured article}} | ||
[[Category:Ireland | [[Category:Ireland Emigration and Immigration]] [[Category:Scots-Irish]] [[Category:Huguenots]] [[Category:Irish]] [[Category:Ireland_Emigration_and_Immigration]] | ||