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=== African Americans === | === African Americans === | ||
An important history is Edward Raymond Turner, ''The Negro in Pennsylvania: Slavery-Servitude-Freedom, 1639-1861'' (New York, NY: Negro Universities Press, 1969; Family History Library book 974.8 F2t). It includes an extensive bibliography. | An important history is Edward Raymond Turner, ''The Negro in Pennsylvania: Slavery-Servitude-Freedom, 1639-1861'' (New York, NY: Negro Universities Press, 1969; Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=72109&disp=The+Negro+in+Pennsylvania%20%20&columns=*,0,0 book 974.8 F2t]). It includes an extensive bibliography. | ||
See also Charles L. Blockson, ''African Americans in Pennsylvania: A History and Guide''(Baltimore, Maryland.: A DuForcelf book published by Black Classic Press, 1994; Family History Library book 974.8 F2bL). | See also Charles L. Blockson, ''African Americans in Pennsylvania: A History and Guide''(Baltimore, Maryland.: A DuForcelf book published by Black Classic Press, 1994; Family History Library [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&callno=974.8+F2bL book 974.8 F2bL).] | ||
A brief but helpful reference to sources at the State Archives is David McBride, ''The Afro-American in Pennsylvania: A Critical Guide to Sources in the Pennsylvania State Archives'' (Harrisburg, PA.: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1979; Family History Library book 974.8 A1 no. 199). | A brief but helpful reference to sources at the State Archives is David McBride, ''The Afro-American in Pennsylvania: A Critical Guide to Sources in the Pennsylvania State Archives'' (Harrisburg, PA.: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1979; Family History Library book 974.8 A1 no. 199). | ||
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Pennsylvania began the gradual emancipation of slaves in 1780. Slaves are sometimes mentioned in [[Pennsylvania Land and Property|deeds]], in [[Pennsylvania Probate Records|wills]], in [[Pennsylvania Taxation|tax records]], and in [[Pennsylvania Court Records|court order books]]. A few parish registers ([[Pennsylvania Church Records|Pennsylvania Church Records]]) list slaves who attended church with their masters. | Pennsylvania began the gradual emancipation of slaves in 1780. Slaves are sometimes mentioned in [[Pennsylvania Land and Property|deeds]], in [[Pennsylvania Probate Records|wills]], in [[Pennsylvania Taxation|tax records]], and in [[Pennsylvania Court Records|court order books]]. A few parish registers ([[Pennsylvania Church Records|Pennsylvania Church Records]]) list slaves who attended church with their masters. | ||
The "septennial" census (see [[Pennsylvania Census|Pennsylvania Census]]), beginning in 1800, often listed the name, age, and sex of slaves and the names of slave owners. | The "septennial" census (see [[Pennsylvania Census|Pennsylvania Census]]), beginning in 1800, often listed the name, age, and sex of slaves and the names of slave owners. | ||
=== Germans === | === Germans === | ||