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New York Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions
New York Emigration and Immigration (view source)
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=== Immigration via New York === | === Immigration via New York === | ||
[[Image:Ellis island 1902.jpg|thumb|right]]When individuals emigrated from one country to another, a list of the passengers on board was kept. A large number of immigrants coming to the United States landed in New York. There were three different ports in New York City from 1855 to 1954, where passengers landed: Castle Garden, the Barge Office, and Ellis Island. | [[Image:Ellis island 1902.jpg|thumb|right|Ellis island 1902.jpg]]When individuals emigrated from one country to another, a list of the passengers on board was kept. A large number of immigrants coming to the United States landed in New York. There were three different ports in New York City from 1855 to 1954, where passengers landed: Castle Garden, the Barge Office, and Ellis Island. | ||
From 1855 to 1890, Castle Garden, also known as Castle Clinton, was the place where immigrants were processed for entry into the country. About 7.5 million people passed through Castle Gardens by the time it closed in 1890. Until Ellis Island opened in January 1892, immigrants went through the Barge Office. Approximately 525,000 immigrants went through the Barge Office. | From 1855 to 1890, Castle Garden, also known as Castle Clinton, was the place where immigrants were processed for entry into the country. About 7.5 million people passed through Castle Gardens by the time it closed in 1890. Until Ellis Island opened in January 1892, immigrants went through the Barge Office. Approximately 525,000 immigrants went through the Barge Office. | ||
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===== Germans ===== | ===== Germans ===== | ||
German "Palatines" came in 1709/10 to the upper Hudson Valley, near present-day Germantown, Columbia County. Many had been lured to America after reading the "Golden Book," published by British authorities, to promote the colonization of America. It portrayed the New World as a paradise. Some lived in England for a few years. Reconstructed passenger lists are available online as part of ProGenealogists' [http://www.progenealogists.com/palproject/ny/index.html Palatine Project]. After arriving in New York and working in the tar and naval stores industries to pay off their passage, they found themselves landless, and in an undeveloped wilderness. The British failed to keep their promise to grant each immigrant 40 acres of land for emigrating. Many ventured to the unsettled Schoharie Valley backcountry and purchased land from Indians. They established seven villages. 1709ers include Valentin Bresseler (ancestor of Elvis Presley) and Jost Hite "Baron of the Shenandoah."<ref name="hank" /><ref>Henry Z. Jones, Ralph Connor, and Klaus Wust, ''German Origins of Jost Hite, Virginia Pioneer, 1685-1761'' (Edinburg, Va.: Shenandoah History, c1979). {{FHL|488732|item|disp=FHL Book 929.273 H637j}}.</ref> The "[http://www.nbc.com/who-do-you-think-you-are/bios-season-2/tim-mcgraw/ Tim McGraw]" episode of ''Who Do You Think You Are?'' (NBC) brings this immigration story to life. McGraw descends from Hite. DNA has been collected from descendants of many 1709ers, see [http://www.worldfamilies.net/surnames/palatine/pats The Palatine DNA Project]. Many original documents regarding this migration are available on microfilm through FamilySearch, see {{FHL|289277|item|disp=''Collection of original documents selected from the Public Record Office relating to the Palatine immigration : original documents selected for filming from the Colonial Office and Treasury Papers'' (Arthur D. Graeff).}}<br> | German "Palatines" came in 1709/10 to the upper Hudson Valley, near present-day Germantown, Columbia County. Many had been lured to America after reading the "Golden Book," published by British authorities, to promote the colonization of America. It portrayed the New World as a paradise. Some lived in England for a few years. Reconstructed passenger lists are available online as part of ProGenealogists' [http://www.progenealogists.com/palproject/ny/index.html Palatine Project]. After arriving in New York and working in the tar and naval stores industries to pay off their passage, they found themselves landless, and in an undeveloped wilderness. The British failed to keep their promise to grant each immigrant 40 acres of land for emigrating. Many ventured to the unsettled Schoharie Valley backcountry and purchased land from Indians. They established seven villages. 1709ers include Valentin Bresseler (ancestor of Elvis Presley) and Jost Hite "Baron of the Shenandoah."<ref name="hank" /><ref>Henry Z. Jones, Ralph Connor, and Klaus Wust, ''German Origins of Jost Hite, Virginia Pioneer, 1685-1761'' (Edinburg, Va.: Shenandoah History, c1979). {{FHL|488732|item|disp=FHL Book 929.273 H637j}}.</ref> The "[http://www.nbc.com/who-do-you-think-you-are/bios-season-2/tim-mcgraw/ Tim McGraw]" episode of ''Who Do You Think You Are?'' (NBC) brings this immigration story to life. McGraw descends from Hite. DNA has been collected from descendants of many 1709ers, see [http://www.worldfamilies.net/surnames/palatine/pats The Palatine DNA Project]. Many original documents regarding this migration are available on microfilm through FamilySearch, see {{FHL|289277|item|disp=''Collection of original documents selected from the Public Record Office relating to the Palatine immigration : original documents selected for filming from the Colonial Office and Treasury Papers'' (Arthur D. Graeff).}}<br> | ||
Henry "Hank" Jones, [[Acronyms and Abbreviations|FASG]], is the leading authority on these immigrants. To contact him, visit his website: http://www.hankjones.com. He has identified the origins of 600 of the 847 Palatine families involved in this migration.<ref name="hank">Henry Z. Jones Jr., "Some Newly-Discovered German Origins for the Palatine Families of New York-1710," ''The American Genealogist,'' Vol. 85, No. 1 (Jan. 2011):46-62.</ref> Three principal sources documenting the identities of individuals involved in this large migration are: (1) The Rotterdam Sailing Lists of 1709 (Holland), (2) The London Census of Palatines of 1709 (England), (3) The Hunter Subsistence Lists 1710-1712 (New York). His chief German researcher, Carla Mittelstaedt-Kubaseck literally went village to village searching old church books seeking 1709ers origins. Despite the term "Palatine," Jones discovered that many of the families did not originate in the area of Germany known as the "Palatinate" (''Pfalz'' in German). "Palatine" was a term applied to Germans in general. Many of the migrants who lived near each other in New York, came from the same hometowns in Germany. His findings, which include beautiful photographs of the villages where immigrants originated, and the old churches where they worshipped, have been published: | Henry "Hank" Jones, [[Acronyms and Abbreviations|FASG]], is the leading authority on these immigrants. To contact him, visit his website: http://www.hankjones.com. He has identified the origins of 600 of the 847 Palatine families involved in this migration.<ref name="hank">Henry Z. Jones Jr., "Some Newly-Discovered German Origins for the Palatine Families of New York-1710," ''The American Genealogist,'' Vol. 85, No. 1 (Jan. 2011):46-62.</ref> Three principal sources documenting the identities of individuals involved in this large migration are: (1) The Rotterdam Sailing Lists of 1709 (Holland), (2) The London Census of Palatines of 1709 (England), (3) The Hunter Subsistence Lists 1710-1712 (New York). His chief German researcher, Carla Mittelstaedt-Kubaseck literally went village to village searching old church books seeking 1709ers origins. Despite the term "Palatine," Jones discovered that many of the families did not originate in the area of Germany known as the "Palatinate" (''Pfalz'' in German). "Palatine" was a term applied to Germans in general. Many of the migrants who lived near each other in New York, came from the same hometowns in Germany. His findings, which include beautiful photographs of the villages where immigrants originated, and the old churches where they worshipped, have been published: | ||
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O'Neill and Hatcher prepared a study of the 1709ers who settled in Ulster County, see [[Ulster County, New York#Immigration|Ulster County, New York Immigration]]. | O'Neill and Hatcher prepared a study of the 1709ers who settled in Ulster County, see [[Ulster County, New York#Immigration|Ulster County, New York Immigration]]. | ||
Before 1776 Germans and Dutch settled the Mohawk Valley. | Before 1776 Germans and Dutch settled the Mohawk Valley. | ||
===== Scots and Irish ===== | ===== Scots and Irish ===== | ||
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===== Irish ===== | ===== Irish ===== | ||
[[Image:Famine memorial dublin.jpg|thumb|right|200px | [[Image:Famine memorial dublin.jpg|thumb|right|200px]]Tens of thousands of potato famine Irish immigrants arrived at the Port of New York City in the nineteenth century. | ||
Moorhouse wrote a very useful guide for tracing Irish immigrants in New York City: | Moorhouse wrote a very useful guide for tracing Irish immigrants in New York City: | ||
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Wiki articles describing online collections are found at:</span><br> | <span style="font-weight: bold;">Wiki articles describing online collections are found at:</span><br> | ||
*[[New York, Passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)|New York, Passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)]]<br> | *[[New York, Passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)|New York, Passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)]]<br> | ||
*[[New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)|New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1925-1942 (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | *[[New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)|New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1925-1942 (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | ||
*[[New York, New York, Index to Passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)|New York, New York, Index to passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | *[[New York, New York, Index to Passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)|New York, New York, Index to passenger Lists (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | ||
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{{featured article}} | {{featured article}} | ||
[[Category:New_York|Emigration and Immigration]] [[Category:Scots-Irish]] [[Category:Huguenots]] [[Category:Irish]] [[Category:Italians]] [[Category:Dutch]] | [[Category:New_York|Emigration and Immigration]] [[Category:Scots-Irish]] [[Category:Huguenots]] [[Category:Irish]] [[Category:Italians]] [[Category:Dutch]][[Category:United States Emigration and Immigration]] | ||