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*'''1821:''' Mexico took control over the land now included in Arizona. Apache troubles restricted white settlement to Tucson. | *'''1821:''' Mexico took control over the land now included in Arizona. Apache troubles restricted white settlement to Tucson. | ||
*'''1846:''' The Mormon Battalion built Cooke's Wagon Road, south of the Gila River. The road became a favorite route across Arizona and into California for early prospectors and pioneers. | *'''1846:''' The Mormon Battalion built Cooke's Wagon Road, south of the Gila River. The road became a favorite route across Arizona and into California for early prospectors and pioneers. | ||
*'''1846:''' U.S. Military under command of Col. Alexander W. Doniphan engaged the Navajo at Bear Springs. | *'''1846:''' U.S. Military under command of Col. Alexander W. Doniphan engaged the Navajo at Bear Springs. US occupied what is now New Mexico, effectively controlling it. | ||
*'''1848 | *'''1848''' Mexico ceded land north of the Gila River, to the United States, including a major portion of Arizona. | ||
*'''1850:''' New Mexico Territory created. First Federal Census of territory taken. | |||
*'''1 August 1861 | *'''1853''' The Gadsden Purchase bought from Mexico, it added the area south of the Gila to New Mexico Territory. Didn't become effective until 1855. | ||
*'''1 August 1861''' The Confederate States of America declared the southern part of New Mexico territory as Arizona territory, claiming both territories. But the confederacy soon lost control over all Arizona and New Mexico land. | |||
*'''1862:''' Indian battle of Apache Pass. Battle of Picacho Pass (Western most battle of Civil War) | *'''1862:''' Indian battle of Apache Pass. Battle of Picacho Pass (Western most battle of Civil War) | ||
*'''24 February 1863 | *'''24 February 1863''' Territory of Arizona created by US from the western half of New Mexico Territory. The first four Arizona counties created. | ||
*'''1864:''' Kit Carson, led a U.S. army against the Navajo Indians. The army killed the sheep and burned their crops forcing the tribe to surrender or face starvation. The Navajo were marched to Fort Sumner at Bosque Redondo, New Mexico. The march became known as "The Long Walk". Eight thousand survived the march but many others died. | *'''1864:''' Kit Carson, led a U.S. army against the Navajo Indians. The army killed the sheep and burned their crops forcing the tribe to surrender or face starvation. The Navajo were marched to Fort Sumner at Bosque Redondo, New Mexico. The march became known as "The Long Walk". Eight thousand survived the march but many others died. | ||
*'''1866:''' The northwestern part of Arizona Territory was transferred by the US government to the State of Nevada, thought Arizona resisted until 1871. | *'''1866:''' The northwestern part of Arizona Territory was transferred by the US government to the State of Nevada, thought Arizona resisted until 1871. Battle of Skull Cave (Indian & federal troops) | ||
*'''1871 | *'''1871''' Camp Grant Massacre | ||
*'''1873 | *'''1873''' Apache removal by U.S. Army under direction of Kit Carson. | ||
*'''1882 | *'''1882''' Battle of Big Dry Wash | ||
*'''4 September 1886 | *'''4 September 1886''' Apache Indian Chief, Geronimo surrendered to Federal Troops under General Miles in Arizona, ending the last major Indian War. Geronimo had led his band on a six month escape from San Carlos reservation in Arizona. | ||
*'''1870-1910 | *'''1870-1910''' The non-Indian population of Arizona increased from fewer than 10,000 to over 200,000 as settlers moved in from many states and countries. | ||
*'''14 February 1912 | *'''14 February 1912''' Arizona became a state. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||