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Arizona History: Difference between revisions
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*'''1539:''' Marcos de Niza a Spanish Franciscan Friar was first to explore Arizona. | *'''1539:''' Marcos de Niza a Spanish Franciscan Friar was first to explore Arizona. | ||
*'''1776:''' The Spanish established a garrison at Tucson. | *'''1776:''' The Spanish established a garrison at Tucson. | ||
*'''1821:''' Arizona | *'''1821:''' Mexico took control over the land now included in Arizona. Apache troubles restricted white settlement to Tucson. | ||
*'''1846:''' The Mormon Battalion built Cooke's Wagon Road, south of the Gila River. The road became a favorite route | *'''1846:''' The Mormon Battalion built Cooke's Wagon Road, south of the Gila River. The road became a favorite route across Arizona and into California for early prospectors and pioneers. | ||
*'''1846:''' U.S. Military under command of Col. Alexander W. Doniphan engaged the Navajo at Bear Springs. | *'''1846:''' U.S. Military under command of Col. Alexander W. Doniphan engaged the Navajo at Bear Springs. | ||
*'''1848-1853:''' Mexico ceded | *'''1848-1853:''' Mexico ceded land north of the Gila River, including a major portion of Arizona, to the United States. This became the New Mexico Territory in 1850. In 1853, the Gadsden Purchase added the area south of the Gila. | ||
*'''1850:''' First Federal Census taken as a part of Territory of New Mexico. | *'''1850:''' First Federal Census taken as a part of Territory of New Mexico. | ||
*'''1 August 1861:''' The Confederate States of America declared Arizona territory separated from New Mexico territory which they also claimed. But the confederacy soon lost control over all Arizona and New Mexico land.<br> | *'''1 August 1861:''' The Confederate States of America declared Arizona territory separated from New Mexico territory which they also claimed. But the confederacy soon lost control over all Arizona and New Mexico land.<br> | ||
*'''1862:''' Indian battle of Apache Pass. | *'''1862:''' Indian battle of Apache Pass. | ||
*'''24 February 1863:''' Territory of Arizona created by US, split from New Mexico Territory. The first four counties organized. | *'''24 February 1863:''' Territory of Arizona created by US, split from New Mexico Territory. The first four counties organized. | ||
*'''1864:''' Kit Carson, led a U.S. army against the Navajo Indians. The army killed the sheep and burned their crops forcing the tribe to surrender or face starvation. The Navajo were marched to Fort Sumner at Bosque Redondo, New Mexico. The march became known as "The Long Walk". Eight thousand survived the march but many others died. | *'''1864:''' Kit Carson, led a U.S. army against the Navajo Indians. The army killed the sheep and burned their crops forcing the tribe to surrender or face starvation. The Navajo were marched to Fort Sumner at Bosque Redondo, New Mexico. The march became known as "The Long Walk". Eight thousand survived the march but many others died. | ||
*'''1866:''' The northwestern part of Arizona Territory was transferred by the US government to the | *'''1866:''' The northwestern part of Arizona Territory was transferred by the US government to the State of Nevada, thought Arizona resisted until 1871. | ||
:Battle of Picacho Pass (Indian & federal troops) | :Battle of Picacho Pass (Indian & federal troops) | ||