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Virginia Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions
Virginia Emigration and Immigration (view source)
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''[[United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[United States Emigration and Immigration|U.S. Emigration and Immigration]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Virginia]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Virginia_Emigration_and_Immigration|Emigration and Immigration]]'' | ''[[United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[United States Emigration and Immigration|U.S. Emigration and Immigration]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Virginia]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Virginia_Emigration_and_Immigration|Emigration and Immigration]]'' | ||
The original European settlers came in the early 17th century from the midland and southern counties of [[England|England]].<ref>David Hackett Fischer, ''Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989). {{FHL|593285|item|disp=FHL Book 973 H2fis}}.</ref> They first settled in [[Virginia]]'s tidewater (coastal plain). Many colonists had connections to [[Barbados|Barbados]].<ref>David L. Kent, ''Barbados and America'' (Arlington, Va.: C.M. Kent, 1980). {{FHL|316574|item|disp=FHL Book 972.981 X2b}}.</ref> Although the first blacks arrived in 1619, large numbers of [[Virginia African Americans|blacks]] were imported beginning about 1680. It has been estimated that 75% of white colonial Virginia immigrants arrived in bondage.<ref>Wesley Frank Craven, ''White, Red, and Black: The Seventeenth-Century Virginian'' (Charlottesville, Va.: University Press of Virginia, 1971).</ref> Small landholders moved westward to the Piedmont, where they were joined by a new wave of English and [[Scotland|Scottish]] immigrants. | The original European settlers came in the early 17th century from the midland and southern counties of [[England|England]].<ref>David Hackett Fischer, ''Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989). {{FHL|593285|item|disp=FHL Book 973 H2fis}}.</ref> They first settled in [[Virginia]]'s tidewater (coastal plain). Many colonists had connections to [[Barbados|Barbados]].<ref>David L. Kent, ''Barbados and America'' (Arlington, Va.: C.M. Kent, 1980). {{FHL|316574|item|disp=FHL Book 972.981 X2b}}.</ref> Although the first blacks arrived in 1619, large numbers of [[Virginia African Americans|blacks]] were imported beginning about 1680. It has been estimated that 75% of white colonial Virginia immigrants arrived in bondage as indentured servants or transported convicts.<ref>Wesley Frank Craven, ''White, Red, and Black: The Seventeenth-Century Virginian'' (Charlottesville, Va.: University Press of Virginia, 1971).</ref> Small landholders moved westward to the Piedmont, where they were joined by a new wave of English and [[Scotland|Scottish]] immigrants. | ||
In the early 1700s, [[France|French]] Huguenots arrived, followed by [[Germany|German]] workers imported between 1714 and 1717 to work iron furnaces in the Piedmont area. During the 1730s and 1740s, a large number of settlers of [[Northern Ireland|Ulster Scot]] and German descent moved southward from [[Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] down the Allegheny Ridges into the Shenandoah Valley. | In the early 1700s, [[France|French]] Huguenots arrived, followed by [[Germany|German]] workers imported between 1714 and 1717 to work iron furnaces in the Piedmont area. During the 1730s and 1740s, a large number of settlers of [[Northern Ireland|Ulster Scot]] and German descent moved southward from [[Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] down the Allegheny Ridges into the Shenandoah Valley. | ||
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Beginning in the late 18th century, Virginia lost many residents as families moved westward to new states and territories. There was very little foreign immigration to Virginia after 1800. | Beginning in the late 18th century, Virginia lost many residents as families moved westward to new states and territories. There was very little foreign immigration to Virginia after 1800. | ||
[[Image:Cabotship.jpg|thumb|right|600x300px]] | [[Image:Cabotship.jpg|thumb|right|600x300px|Cabotship.jpg]] | ||
== Overseas Immigration == | == Overseas Immigration == | ||
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=== Colonial Ports === | === Colonial Ports === | ||
[[Image:Ports.png|thumb|left|600px | [[Image:Ports.png|thumb|left|600px]] | ||
<div style="width: 147%; float: left"> | <div style="width: 147%; float: left"> | ||
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Ships commonly docked along riverside plantations on the Elizabeth River, James River, Potomac River, Rappahannock River, and York River. | Ships commonly docked along riverside plantations on the Elizabeth River, James River, Potomac River, Rappahannock River, and York River. | ||
=== Colonial Records === | === Colonial Records === | ||
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*''The Biographical Dictionary of Early Virginia, 1607- 1660'' lists many immigrants. See [[Virginia Biography]]. | *''The Biographical Dictionary of Early Virginia, 1607- 1660'' lists many immigrants. See [[Virginia Biography]]. | ||
*Greer, George Cabell. ''Early Virginia Immigrants 1623-1666''. Richmond, Va.: W.C. Hill Printing Co., 1912. Digital version at {{FSbook|205315}} - free; [http://books.google.com/books?id=xDISAAAAYAAJ Google Books] - free. | *Greer, George Cabell. ''Early Virginia Immigrants 1623-1666''. Richmond, Va.: W.C. Hill Printing Co., 1912. Digital version at {{FSbook|205315}} - free; [http://books.google.com/books?id=xDISAAAAYAAJ Google Books] - free. | ||
*Standard, W.G. ''Some Emigrants to Virginia: Memoranda in Regard to Several Hundred Emigrants to Virginia During the Colonial Period Whose Parentage is Shown or Former Residence Indicated by Authentic Records''. Richmond, Va.: The Bell Book & Stationery Company, 1911. Digital versions at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=48413 Ancestry] ($), [http://books.google.com/books?id=TCASAAAAYAAJ Google Books], and [http://www.archive.org/details/someemigrantstov00stan Internet Archive]. Free online surname index and purchase details for 2005 reprint at [http://www.mountainpress.com/books/va/details/va-0691w.html Mountain Press] website. | *Standard, W.G. ''Some Emigrants to Virginia: Memoranda in Regard to Several Hundred Emigrants to Virginia During the Colonial Period Whose Parentage is Shown or Former Residence Indicated by Authentic Records''. Richmond, Va.: The Bell Book & Stationery Company, 1911. Digital versions at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=48413 Ancestry] ($), [http://books.google.com/books?id=TCASAAAAYAAJ Google Books], and [http://www.archive.org/details/someemigrantstov00stan Internet Archive]. Free online surname index and purchase details for 2005 reprint at [http://www.mountainpress.com/books/va/details/va-0691w.html Mountain Press] website. | ||
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*Schuright, Herrmann. ''History of the German Element in Virginia''. 2 vols. Baltimore, Md.: T. Kroh, 1898, 1900. Digital versions at Google Books: [http://books.google.com/books?id=C1vNAAAAMAAJ Vol. 1]; [http://books.google.com/books?id=PVzNAAAAMAAJ Vol. 2]; 1977 reprint: {{FHL|491164|item|disp=FHL Book 975.5 F2gs v. 1-2}} | *Schuright, Herrmann. ''History of the German Element in Virginia''. 2 vols. Baltimore, Md.: T. Kroh, 1898, 1900. Digital versions at Google Books: [http://books.google.com/books?id=C1vNAAAAMAAJ Vol. 1]; [http://books.google.com/books?id=PVzNAAAAMAAJ Vol. 2]; 1977 reprint: {{FHL|491164|item|disp=FHL Book 975.5 F2gs v. 1-2}} | ||
[http://www.progenealogists.com/palproject/ The Palatine Project], sponsored by [http://www.progenealogists.com/ ProGenealogists], includes annotated passenger lists for Germans entering Colonial Virginia. | [http://www.progenealogists.com/palproject/ The Palatine Project], sponsored by [http://www.progenealogists.com/ ProGenealogists], includes annotated passenger lists for Germans entering Colonial Virginia. | ||
=== Colonial Ships === | === Colonial Ships === | ||
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Free native-born Virginians, alive in 1850, who had left the state, resettled as follows:<ref name="Lynch">These statistics do not account for the large number of Virginians who had resettled and died before the year 1850. See: William O. Lynch, "The Westward Flow of Southern Colonists before 1861," ''The Journal of Southern History,'' Vol. 9, No. 3 (Aug. 1943):303-327. Digital version at [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2191319 JSTOR] ($).</ref> | Free native-born Virginians, alive in 1850, who had left the state, resettled as follows:<ref name="Lynch">These statistics do not account for the large number of Virginians who had resettled and died before the year 1850. See: William O. Lynch, "The Westward Flow of Southern Colonists before 1861," ''The Journal of Southern History,'' Vol. 9, No. 3 (Aug. 1943):303-327. Digital version at [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2191319 JSTOR] ($).</ref> | ||
{| | {| width="100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" | ||
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| bgcolor="#cccccc" | <center>'''State'''</center> | | bgcolor="#cccccc" | <center>'''State'''</center> | ||
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*Robertson, Clara Hamlett. ''Kansas Territorial Settlers of 1860 Who were Born in Tennessee, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina: A Compilation with Historical Annotations and Editorial Comment''. Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1976. {{FHL|978.1 H2ro}}; digital version at [http://www.worldvitalrecords.com/indexinfo.aspx?ix=gpc0806306971_clarahamlettrobertson1976 World Vital Records] ($). | *Robertson, Clara Hamlett. ''Kansas Territorial Settlers of 1860 Who were Born in Tennessee, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina: A Compilation with Historical Annotations and Editorial Comment''. Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1976. {{FHL|978.1 H2ro}}; digital version at [http://www.worldvitalrecords.com/indexinfo.aspx?ix=gpc0806306971_clarahamlettrobertson1976 World Vital Records] ($). | ||
British Mercantile Claims identify migrations made by many Virginians during the period 1775 to 1803. The folks listed owed debts to overseas British merchants at the opening of the Revolutionary War and after the War was over, the merchants came to collect their debts, only to find that many of these people had moved. Dorman published these records in ''The Virginia Genealogist'', beginning with Volume 6. Digital version at [http://www.americanancestors.org/search.aspx?Ca=098&Da=285 American Ancestors] ($). {{FHL|33159|item|disp=FHL Book 975.5 B2vg v. 6 (1962)}}. | British Mercantile Claims identify migrations made by many Virginians during the period 1775 to 1803. The folks listed owed debts to overseas British merchants at the opening of the Revolutionary War and after the War was over, the merchants came to collect their debts, only to find that many of these people had moved. Dorman published these records in ''The Virginia Genealogist'', beginning with Volume 6. Digital version at [http://www.americanancestors.org/search.aspx?Ca=098&Da=285 American Ancestors] ($). {{FHL|33159|item|disp=FHL Book 975.5 B2vg v. 6 (1962)}}. | ||
Dr. Koontz wrote a helpful article about life on "The Virginia Frontier, 1754-1763," ''Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science'' (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1925). Digital version at {{FSbook|111098}} - free. | Dr. Koontz wrote a helpful article about life on "The Virginia Frontier, 1754-1763," ''Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science'' (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1925). Digital version at {{FSbook|111098}} - free. | ||
== Web Sites == | == Web Sites == | ||