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Iowa Emigration and Immigration (view source)
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[[United States|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[United States Emigration and Immigration|U.S. Emigration and Immigration]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Iowa|Iowa]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] Emigration and Immigration | [[United States|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[United States Emigration and Immigration|U.S. Emigration and Immigration]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Iowa|Iowa]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] Emigration and Immigration [[Image:Emigrants Coming to Iowa - History of Iowa.jpg|thumb|center|400px]] | ||
[[Image:Emigrants Coming to Iowa - History of Iowa.jpg|thumb|center|400px | |||
[[Iowa]] has no ports; consequently, many Iowa residents immigrated through ports in New York, New Orleans, or Canada. Passenger lists since 1820 may contain a person’s age, the state or country of birth, immigration date, occupation, names of children. After 29 July 1906, the passenger lists also contain a physical description. | [[Iowa]] has no ports; consequently, many Iowa residents immigrated through ports in New York, New Orleans, or Canada. Passenger lists since 1820 may contain a person’s age, the state or country of birth, immigration date, occupation, names of children. After 29 July 1906, the passenger lists also contain a physical description. | ||
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=== Groups === | === Groups === | ||
The principal groups that came to Iowa from the early 1800s to the early 1900s were: <br> | The principal groups that came to Iowa from the early 1800s to the early 1900s were: <br> | ||
'''1788-1810'''<br>The first European settlers in Iowa were French-Canadians, who worked in the lead mines near present-day Dubuque. <ref>[http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/Browse/leadzinc/leadzinc.htm Lead and Zinc Mining in the Dubuque Area] </ref><br> | '''1788-1810'''<br>The first European settlers in Iowa were French-Canadians, who worked in the lead mines near present-day Dubuque. <ref>[http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/Browse/leadzinc/leadzinc.htm Lead and Zinc Mining in the Dubuque Area] </ref><br> | ||
'''1833–50'''<br>[http://www.qcmemory.org/Default.aspx?PageId=260&nt=207&nt2=229 The Black Hawk Treaty of 1833] opened most of Iowa to white settlement. Southern Iowa immigration began as the American government negotiated treaties extinguishing the remaining [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/iowa/iowahist.htm Indian claims]. Settlers came from other states, particularly Kentucky and Tennessee. Northern Iowa immigration came primarily from Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and the Middle Atlantic and New England states. <br> | '''1833–50'''<br>[http://www.qcmemory.org/Default.aspx?PageId=260&nt=207&nt2=229 The Black Hawk Treaty of 1833] opened most of Iowa to white settlement. Southern Iowa immigration began as the American government negotiated treaties extinguishing the remaining [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/iowa/iowahist.htm Indian claims]. Settlers came from other states, particularly Kentucky and Tennessee. Northern Iowa immigration came primarily from Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and the Middle Atlantic and New England states. <br> | ||
'''1850–60'''<br>The population of Iowa nearly tripled. Ohio and Indiana contributed more settlers than all other states and immigration from Europe increased. Among the many German immigrants were the [http://www.amanacolonies.com/history.htm Amana colonists], who settled in Iowa in 1855 after having first lived near Buffalo, New York. Many immigrants arrived from Britain and Ireland. | '''1850–60'''<br>The population of Iowa nearly tripled. Ohio and Indiana contributed more settlers than all other states and immigration from Europe increased. Among the many German immigrants were the [http://www.amanacolonies.com/history.htm Amana colonists], who settled in Iowa in 1855 after having first lived near Buffalo, New York. Many immigrants arrived from Britain and Ireland. | ||
*''The Amish-Mennonites of Waldeck and Wittgenstein'' | *''The Amish-Mennonites of Waldeck and Wittgenstein'' <ref> Hermann Guth.''The Amish-Mennonites of Waldeck and Wittgenstein'' (Elverson, Pennsylvania Mennonite Family History, c1986). {{FHL|533837|item|disp=FHL Book, 943.41 D2g}}. </ref> | ||
*[http://www.pictonpress.com/store/show/3433 German Immigrants in Western Iowa Protestant Church Records] | *[http://www.pictonpress.com/store/show/3433 German Immigrants in Western Iowa Protestant Church Records] | ||
*[http://www.pictonpress.com/store/show/3436 German Immigrants in NE Iowa Protestant Church Records] <br> | *[http://www.pictonpress.com/store/show/3436 German Immigrants in NE Iowa Protestant Church Records] <br> | ||
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*''Chapters on Scandinavian immigration to Iowa'' <ref> ''Chapters on Scandinavian immigration to Iowa'' George T. (Tobias) Flom. (Iowa City: Iowa:[http://www.iowahistory.org/ The State Historical Society of Iowa]. Reprinted from Iowa Journal of History and politics for 1905-6). 150 p. {{FHL|112213|item|disp= FHL Film 989450 Item 7}} </ref> | *''Chapters on Scandinavian immigration to Iowa'' <ref> ''Chapters on Scandinavian immigration to Iowa'' George T. (Tobias) Flom. (Iowa City: Iowa:[http://www.iowahistory.org/ The State Historical Society of Iowa]. Reprinted from Iowa Journal of History and politics for 1905-6). 150 p. {{FHL|112213|item|disp= FHL Film 989450 Item 7}} </ref> | ||
'''Early 1900s'''<br>Small groups of Austro-Hungarians and Italians arrived. | '''Early 1900s'''<br>Small groups of Austro-Hungarians and Italians arrived. | ||
== Routes to Iowa == | == Routes to Iowa == | ||
Many early settlers of Iowa came by way of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. The main steamboat route from the Middle Atlantic states and the Southern states followed the Ohio River and the Mississippi River to Keokuk. | Many early settlers of Iowa came by way of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. The main steamboat route from the Middle Atlantic states and the Southern states followed the Ohio River and the Mississippi River to Keokuk. | ||
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*The westward migration of Latter-day Saints opened an [http://www.lds.org/churchhistory/library/pioneercompanysearch/1,15773,3966-1,00.html overland trail] from the Mississippi River to Council Bluffs which was still used by covered wagons long after the railroad first reached the Mississippi in 1854. | *The westward migration of Latter-day Saints opened an [http://www.lds.org/churchhistory/library/pioneercompanysearch/1,15773,3966-1,00.html overland trail] from the Mississippi River to Council Bluffs which was still used by covered wagons long after the railroad first reached the Mississippi in 1854. | ||
*''Mormon handcart story'' <ref> ''Mormon handcart story'' by Gustive Olaf Larson. (Salt Lake City, Utah : Deseret Book, c1956) {{FHL|145182|item|disp= FHL Book 979.2 H2Lm}} </ref> Lists captain of company, number in company, number died, date of departure from Iowa City, Iowa, and date of arrival in Salt Lake City, Utah. | *''Mormon handcart story'' <ref> ''Mormon handcart story'' by Gustive Olaf Larson. (Salt Lake City, Utah&nbsp;: Deseret Book, c1956) {{FHL|145182|item|disp= FHL Book 979.2 H2Lm}} </ref> Lists captain of company, number in company, number died, date of departure from Iowa City, Iowa, and date of arrival in Salt Lake City, Utah. | ||
Until 1850 most overseas immigrants came through the ports of New Orleans or New York. After 1850 most European settlers came through ports in New York or Canada. | Until 1850 most overseas immigrants came through the ports of New Orleans or New York. After 1850 most European settlers came through ports in New York or Canada. | ||
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== Websites == | == Websites == | ||
*''[http://publications.iowa.gov/135/1/history/7-1.html#text1 History of Iowa], ''Dorothy Schwieder, professor of history, Iowa State University | *''[http://publications.iowa.gov/135/1/history/7-1.html#text1 History of Iowa], ''Dorothy Schwieder, professor of history, Iowa State University | ||
*[http://iagenweb.org/history/history/oibg/Immigrants.htm Iowa's Immigrants] | *[http://iagenweb.org/history/history/oibg/Immigrants.htm Iowa's Immigrants] | ||
==Sources and Footnotes== | == Sources and Footnotes == | ||
<references /> | |||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Iowa|Emigration]] [[Category: | [[Category:Iowa|Emigration]] [[Category:United States Emigration and Immigration]] [[Category:Dutch]] [[Category:Mennonites]] [[Category:Germans]] | ||