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Resources for African-American research fall into two periods: pre-and post-Civil War. Post-Civil War research consists of consulting the same record types you would use to research non–African-Americans. Pre-Civil War records consist of slave importation declarations, plantation records, emancipation records, apprenticeship bonds for freedmen, Alabama hiring practices, census records, plantation owners’ family records, church and cemetery records, military records, and Alabama court records.  
Resources for African-American research fall into two periods: pre-and post-Civil War. Post-Civil War research consists of consulting the same record types you would use to research non–African-Americans. Pre-Civil War records consist of slave importation declarations, plantation records, emancipation records, apprenticeship bonds for freedmen, Alabama hiring practices, census records, plantation owners’ family records, church and cemetery records, military records, and Alabama court records.  


'''Freedman's Bank Records'''
=== Freedman's Bank Records ===


An excellent source is the Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company. This company was created to assist African-American soldiers of the Civil War and freed slaves. Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company signature cards or registers from 3 March 1865 to 25 July 1874 may list the name of the depositor, date of entry, age, birthplace, residence, complexion, name of employer or occupation, wife or husband’s name, death information, children’s names, name of father and mother, brothers’ and sisters’ names, remarks, and signature. Early books sometimes contained the name of the former master or mistress and the name of the plantation. Copies of death certificates were sometimes attached to the entries. The collection is organized alphabetically by state, then city where the bank was located, then date the account was established, then account number.  
An excellent source is the Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company. This company was created to assist African-American soldiers of the Civil War and freed slaves. Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company signature cards or registers from 3 March 1865 to 25 July 1874 may list the name of the depositor, date of entry, age, birthplace, residence, complexion, name of employer or occupation, wife or husband’s name, death information, children’s names, name of father and mother, brothers’ and sisters’ names, remarks, and signature. Early books sometimes contained the name of the former master or mistress and the name of the plantation. Copies of death certificates were sometimes attached to the entries. The collection is organized alphabetically by state, then city where the bank was located, then date the account was established, then account number.  
'''Alabama Freedman Bank Records'''


*Alabama had a branch of the Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company in Huntsville and Mobile. In each city depositors are listed by account number. The records are on line at Familysearch.org {{RecordSearch|1417695|United States, Freedmans Bank Records, 1865-1874}}
*Alabama had a branch of the Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company in Huntsville and Mobile. In each city depositors are listed by account number. The records are on line at Familysearch.org {{RecordSearch|1417695|United States, Freedmans Bank Records, 1865-1874}}
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:Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company (Mobile, Alabama). ''Registers of Signatures of Depositors, 1867–1874.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0816. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1969. {{FHL|133425|item|disp=FHL film 928572}}
:Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company (Mobile, Alabama). ''Registers of Signatures of Depositors, 1867–1874.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0816. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1969. {{FHL|133425|item|disp=FHL film 928572}}


'''Freedman’s Bureau.''' Additional government records  
'''Freedman’s Bureau.''' Additional government records  
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:FREEDMEN - ALABAMA
:FREEDMEN - ALABAMA


'''Slaves in Deeds'''
=== Plantation and Land Records  ===


Slaves are sometimes mentioned in deeds (see "[[Alabama Land and Property|Land and Property]]"), wills (see "[[Alabama Probate Records|Probate Records]]"), tax records (see "[[Alabama Taxation|Taxation]]"), and court order books (see "[[Alabama Court Records|Court Records]]") under their owner’s name. A few parish registers (see "[[Alabama Church Records|Church Records]]") list slaves who attended church with their masters.  
Slaves are sometimes mentioned in deeds (see "[[Alabama Land and Property|Land and Property]]"), wills (see "[[Alabama Probate Records|Probate Records]]"), tax records (see "[[Alabama Taxation|Taxation]]"), and court order books (see "[[Alabama Court Records|Court Records]]") under their owner’s name. A few parish registers (see "[[Alabama Church Records|Church Records]]") list slaves who attended church with their masters.  
'''Slaves in the Confederate Army'''
A record was made of men of African descent who served in the Confederate Army.
*Alabama. Department of Archives and History. ''Negroes in the Confederate Army, 1860–1907.'' (Family History Library {{FHL|522854|item|disp=FHL film 1653243 item 4.}} This source lists the name of the soldier and his duty. It may indicate the name of the slave owner, the date of pay, master’s place of residence, where the soldier served in the military, and his military expenses.


'''Plantation Records'''  
'''Plantation Records'''  
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:''Records of Ante-bellum Southern Plantations from the Revolution Through the Civil War: Series F, Selections from the Manuscript Department'', Duke University Library. Frederick, Maryland: University Publications of America, 1986–1987. {{FHL|564185|item|disp=FHL films beginning with 1549774 (first of 84 films.}}
:''Records of Ante-bellum Southern Plantations from the Revolution Through the Civil War: Series F, Selections from the Manuscript Department'', Duke University Library. Frederick, Maryland: University Publications of America, 1986–1987. {{FHL|564185|item|disp=FHL films beginning with 1549774 (first of 84 films.}}


'''Biographies.'''
=== Biographies ===


Several biographical dictionaries, compendia, and histories may contain information you need, for example:  
Several biographical dictionaries, compendia, and histories may contain information you need, for example:  
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*Sellers, James Benson. ''Slavery in Alabama''. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press, 1950, 1994. (Family History Library {{FHL|706908|item|disp=FHL book 976.1 F2s}}. This 426 page book includes a bibliography, on pages 399–409.
*Sellers, James Benson. ''Slavery in Alabama''. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press, 1950, 1994. (Family History Library {{FHL|706908|item|disp=FHL book 976.1 F2s}}. This 426 page book includes a bibliography, on pages 399–409.


'''Vital Records'''
=== Military  ===
 
Records of African-Americans may be listed as "colored" in birth, marriage and death records. See [[Alabama Birth, Marriage, and Death Records]] for those records.
 
=== Minorities in the Military  ===


[[Alabama Military Records|Military records of]] Alabama  
[[Alabama Military Records|Military records of]] Alabama  
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'''Civil War'''  
'''Civil War'''  


1862: Over 10,000 Alabama freedmen served as Union Soldiers  
Over 10,000 Alabama freedmen served as Union Soldiers as well as in the Confederate Army.
 
:Alabama. Department of Archives and History. ''Negroes in the Confederate Army, 1860–1907.'' (Family History Library {{FHL|522854|item|disp=FHL film 1653243 item 4.}} This source lists the name of the soldier and his duty. It may indicate the name of the slave owner, the date of pay, master’s place of residence, where the soldier served in the military, and his military expenses.


'''World War II (1941-1945)'''  
'''World War II (1941-1945)'''  
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*Tuskegee Airmen [http://www.tuskegeeairmen.org tuskegeeairmen.org]  An estimated 16,000 to 19,000 airmen including mechanics, parachute riggers and support staff were involved.  
*Tuskegee Airmen [http://www.tuskegeeairmen.org tuskegeeairmen.org]  An estimated 16,000 to 19,000 airmen including mechanics, parachute riggers and support staff were involved.  
*For photos of Tuskegee Airmen [http://www.americanprofile.com/tuskegee americanprofile.com/tuskegee]
*For photos of Tuskegee Airmen [http://www.americanprofile.com/tuskegee americanprofile.com/tuskegee]
=== Vital Records  ===
Records of African-Americans may be listed as "colored" in birth, marriage and death records. See [[Alabama Birth, Marriage, and Death Records]] for those records.


=== Bibliography  ===
=== Bibliography  ===
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=== Online Resources for African-American Research  ===
=== Online Resources for African-American Research  ===


*{{RecordSearch|1417695|United States, Freedmans Bank Records, 1865-1874}}
*[http://www.archives.state.al.us/teacher/netres.html#online-resources Alabama Department of Archives and History]  
*[http://www.archives.state.al.us/teacher/netres.html#online-resources Alabama Department of Archives and History]  
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://www.familysearch.org/searchapi/search/collection/1307888 Alabama Deaths 1908-1974] (Record Search)  
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/show#uri=http://www.familysearch.org/searchapi/search/collection/1307888 Alabama Deaths 1908-1974] (Record Search)  
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Italian immigrants settled in Birmingham in the early 20th century. For a list of books and articles about these families, see Alabama History: An Annotated Bibliography mentioned in [[Alabama History]].  
Italian immigrants settled in Birmingham in the early 20th century. For a list of books and articles about these families, see Alabama History: An Annotated Bibliography mentioned in [[Alabama History]].  


== General ==
== General ==


See also [[United States Minorities]] for additional resources.  
See also [[United States Minorities]] for additional resources.  
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:'''AFRO-AMERICANS - ALABAMA'''
:'''AFRO-AMERICANS - ALABAMA'''


 
<br>


{{African American|African American}}{{Alabama|Alabama}}  
{{African American|African American}}{{Alabama|Alabama}}  


[[Category:Alabama|Minorities]]
[[Category:Alabama|Minorities]]
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