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*Before this, the traditional practice was for wives and children to take their husband’s/father’s personal name as a last name.<ref>"Turkish name", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_name, 6 March 2021.</ref> | *Before this, the traditional practice was for wives and children to take their husband’s/father’s personal name as a last name.<ref>"Turkish name", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_name, 6 March 2021.</ref> | ||
*A family name ending in –OĞLU is Turkish. The –OĞLU ending is sometimes written separately from the preceding part of the family name, but both parts are needed to record the correct family name. For example: | *A family name ending in –OĞLU is Turkish. The –OĞLU ending is sometimes written separately from the preceding part of the family name, but both parts are needed to record the correct family name. For example: | ||
{{Block indent|SARCOĞLU or SARC OĞLU|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|SULEYMANOĞLU or SULEYMAN OĞLU|2}} | |||
*When women marry, they typically replace their own family name with their husband’s. However, some women use a combination of both family names. For example, if Fatma KARABACAK married Mehmet KEÇELI, she could be known as Fatma KARABACAK KEÇELI or just Fatma KEÇELI. | *When women marry, they typically replace their own family name with their husband’s. However, some women use a combination of both family names. For example, if Fatma KARABACAK married Mehmet KEÇELI, she could be known as Fatma KARABACAK KEÇELI or just Fatma KEÇELI. | ||
*Children typically take the father’s family name.<ref>"A GUIDE TO NAMES AND NAMING PRACTICES, UK Names Guide", by UK Government, https://www.fbiic.gov/public/2008/nov/Naming_practice_guide_UK_2006.pdf, accessed 6 March 2021.</ref> | *Children typically take the father’s family name.<ref>"A GUIDE TO NAMES AND NAMING PRACTICES, UK Names Guide", by UK Government, https://www.fbiic.gov/public/2008/nov/Naming_practice_guide_UK_2006.pdf, accessed 6 March 2021.</ref> | ||
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===Surnames=== | ===Surnames=== | ||
Because so many components can be used (or not) in a name, the same man may be called: | Because so many components can be used (or not) in a name, the same man may be called: | ||
{{Block indent|Ahmad Husain|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|Ahmad Husain Muhammad|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|Ahmad bin Husain bin Muhammad|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|Ahmad Husain Muhammad ibn Sa’ud AL-TIKRITI|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|Ahmad Husain AL-TIKRITI|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|Abu Muhammad Ahmad Husain|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|Abu Muhammad (unlikely on official documents)|2}} | |||
------------- | ------------- | ||
====Basic Components==== | ====Basic Components==== | ||
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====Even More Components==== | ====Even More Components==== | ||
The following components may also be included in a full version of an Arabic name: | The following components may also be included in a full version of an Arabic name: | ||
{{Block indent|a. '''ancestral name: derived from an honoured ancestor''', this name typically begins with Al- or ibn: e.g. Al-Husain, ibn Sau’d;}} | |||
{{Block indent|b. honorific title as parent: Abu… (N. Africa Bu / Bou) meaning ‘father of…’ and Umm… meaning ‘mother of…’ can be added to the beginning of a name '''in conjunction with the name of the individual’s eldest child, usually the eldest son''':}} | |||
{{Block indent|Abu Muhammad - ‘father of Muhammad’|5}} | |||
{{Block indent|Umm Muhammad - ‘mother of Muhammad’.|5}} | |||
{{Block indent|c. '''"Abu"''' can also be used as part of a name to signify possession of a quality or feature, e.g. Abu al-Fadl (‘father of merit’).}} | |||
===Given Names=== | ===Given Names=== | ||
*An Arab typically has just one personal name. This may be simple, e.g. Husain, Muhammad, or may be a compound. | *An Arab typically has just one personal name. This may be simple, e.g. Husain, Muhammad, or may be a compound. | ||
*Compound names should not be separated, e.g: | *Compound names should not be separated, e.g: | ||
{{Block indent|*a. names beginning with Abd / Abd al / Abdul (‘servant/servant of’) combined with one of the names of Allah (‘God’): e.g. }} | |||
{{Block indent|Abd Ullah / Abdullah|3}} | |||
{{Block indent|Abd al-Rahman / Abdul-Rahman|3}} | |||
{{Block indent|Abd al-Aziz / Abdul-Aziz;|3}} | |||
{{Block indent|*b. names ending in al-din / ad-din / el-din / eddin / uddin (‘of the religion’): e.g. Noor-al-din / Nooreddin;}} | |||
{{Block indent|*c. names ending in -allah (‘God’): e.g. Habiballah / Habib-allah.}} | |||
====Naming Patterns==== | ====Naming Patterns==== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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*Use of European names, especially French, Greek and, to a lesser extent, Spanish ones (in Morocco). This has been a relatively recent centuries-long convention for Christian Arabs, especially in the Levant. For example: Émile Eddé, George Habash, Charles Helou, Camille Chamoun. | *Use of European names, especially French, Greek and, to a lesser extent, Spanish ones (in Morocco). This has been a relatively recent centuries-long convention for Christian Arabs, especially in the Levant. For example: Émile Eddé, George Habash, Charles Helou, Camille Chamoun. | ||
*Names in honor of Jesus Christ: | *Names in honor of Jesus Christ: | ||
{{Block indent|*Abd al-Yasuʿ (masc. ) / Amat al-Yasuʿ (fem.) ("Servant of Jesus")}} | |||
{{Block indent|*Abd al-Masiḥ (masc.) / Amat al-Masiḥ (fem.) ("Servant of the Messiah")}} | |||
*Derivations of Maseeḥ ("Messiah"): Masūḥun ("Most Anointed"), Amsāḥ ("More Anointed"), Mamsūḥ "Anointed" and Musayḥ "Infant Christ". The root, M-S-Ḥ, means "to anoint" (as in masah) and is cognate to the Hebrew Mashiah. | *Derivations of Maseeḥ ("Messiah"): Masūḥun ("Most Anointed"), Amsāḥ ("More Anointed"), Mamsūḥ "Anointed" and Musayḥ "Infant Christ". The root, M-S-Ḥ, means "to anoint" (as in masah) and is cognate to the Hebrew Mashiah. | ||
====Muhammad==== | ====Muhammad==== | ||
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*Some Iraqi Kurds and Kurds in other countries, such as Türkiye, have a '''geographical or tribal name''' as a last name or have adopted a '''grandfather’s or great grandfather’s personal name''' as a family name. | *Some Iraqi Kurds and Kurds in other countries, such as Türkiye, have a '''geographical or tribal name''' as a last name or have adopted a '''grandfather’s or great grandfather’s personal name''' as a family name. | ||
*Familial relationships: | *Familial relationships: | ||
{{Block indent|Kurdish women do not traditionally take their husband’s family name on marriage, although some may do so in Western societies.|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|Children typically adopt their father’s family name. |2}} | |||
===Given Names=== | ===Given Names=== | ||
*There are some traditional Kurdish names still in use. | *There are some traditional Kurdish names still in use. | ||
{{Block indent|a. male personal names: Diaco, Kochar, Redoir, Roj, Jochar, Sherko;|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|b. female personal names: Aveen, Awat, Dilsoz, Sidar, Zhian.|2}} | |||
*Some Kurds use their father’s/grandfather’s or mother’s/grandmother’s personal name as a middle name:e.g., | *Some Kurds use their father’s/grandfather’s or mother’s/grandmother’s personal name as a middle name:e.g., | ||
{{Block indent|(husband) Haval BARZANI|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|(wife) Aveen SINJARI |2}} | |||
{{Block indent|(son) Diaco Haval BARZANI|2}} | |||
{{Block indent|(daughter) Sidar Aveen BARZANI|2}} | |||
===For Further Reading=== | ===For Further Reading=== | ||
*[https://www.fbiic.gov/public/2008/nov/Naming_practice_guide_UK_2006.pdf '''A GUIDE TO NAMES AND NAMING PRACTICES, UK Names Guide'''] | *[https://www.fbiic.gov/public/2008/nov/Naming_practice_guide_UK_2006.pdf '''A GUIDE TO NAMES AND NAMING PRACTICES, UK Names Guide'''] | ||
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