Czech Genealogical Word List: Difference between revisions

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== Genealogical Word List<br> ==
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=== Czech ===
==Introduction==


This list contains Czech words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Czech-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section.) Czech is a Slavic language derived from the West Slavic language family. Czech is related to Slovak and Polish and is used in the genealogical sources throughout the Czech Republic. Czech is the language of the Czech Republic and was the official language in the Czech lands of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the former Czechoslovakia. In addition, the Czech language may be found in the records of Czech communities in the United States, Canada, and other areas settled by Czechs. Before 1918, the Czech lands were provinces of Austria, which, together with Hungary, constituted the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Records written before 1918 may be in German, Latin, or Czech. Czech records often contain German and Latin words. See the ''German Genealogical Word List''and the ''Latin Genealogical Word List.''
The '''Czech Genealogical Word List''' contains Czech words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Czech ancestors. Click [[Media:WLCzech.pdf|here]] for the PDF version of the Czech Genealogical Word List.  


== Language Characteristics ==
If the word (or some form of it) you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Czech-English dictionary. See the [[Czech Genealogical Word List#Additional_Resources|Additional Resources]] section below.


=== The Czech Alphabet ===
Czech is a Slavic language derived from the West Slavic language family. Czech is related to Slovak and Polish and is used in the genealogical sources throughout Czechia. Czech is the language of Czechia and was the official language in the Czech lands of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the former Czechoslovakia. In addition, the Czech language may be found in the records of Czech communities in the United States, Canada, and other areas settled by Czechs.


{| class="MsoNormalTable"
Before 1918, the Czech lands were provinces of Austria, which, together with Hungary, constituted the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Records written before 1918 may be in German, Latin, or Czech. Czech records often contain German and Latin words. See the [[German Word List|German Genealogical Word List]] and the [[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin Genealogical Word List]].
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">A</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">a</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">o</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>o</u>n</span></span>


|-
For Bohemian-German words, also consult [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/357707 Sudetendeutches Wörterbuch: Wörterbuch der Deutschen Mundarten in Böhmen und Mähren-Schlesien] (not all volumes are available).
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Á</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">á</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">a</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in f<u>a</u>ther</span></span>


|-
For explanations of the different peasant occupations in Czech records, consult [http://www.oxfordjctgenealogy.com/main/?page_id=1281 Peasant Levels & Occupations].
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">B</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">b</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">b</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>b</u>ack</span></span>


|-
__TOC__
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">C</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">c</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ts</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in bi<u>ts</u></span></span>


|-
==Language Characteristics==
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Č</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">č</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ch</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>ch</u>at</span></span>


|-
===Variant Forms of Words===
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">D</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">d</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">d</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>d</u>og</span></span>


|-
In Czech, the forms of most words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. ''Who, whose, whom'', or ''marry, marries, married''  are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Czech, any word may have different forms, depending on how it is used. This word list gives the standard form of each Czech word. The endings of Czech words in a document often differ from what you find in this list.
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ď</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ď</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">g</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>g</u>inger</span></span>


|-
'''''Surnames'''''
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">E</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">e</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">e</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in l<u>e</u>d</span></span>


|-
Surnames will have the added ending '''-ová''' or '''-á''' if the person referred to is female:  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">É</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">é</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ea</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in w<u>ea</u>r</span></span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ě</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ě</span></span></center>
''Surname''<br>Novák<br>Pleva<br>Novotný<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ye</span></span></center>
|  
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>ye</u>s</span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">F</span></span></center>
''+ female ending''<br>Nováková<br>Plevová<br>Novotná<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">f</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">f</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>f</u>ast</span></span>


|-
|}
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">G</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">g</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">g</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>g</u>as</span></span>


|-
'''''Gender'''''
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">H</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">h</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">h</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>h</u>elp</span></span>


|-
Czech words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe the singular and plural forms of Czech words must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings:
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">CH</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ch</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ch</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in lo<u>ch</u></span></span><span class="tiny2"><span>(aspirated)</span></span><span></span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">I</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">i</span></span></center>
''starý muž''<br>''stará žena''<br>''staré město''<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">i</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in s<u>i</u>t</span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Í</span></span></center>
old man<br>old woman<br>old city<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">í</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ee</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in b<u>ee</u></span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">J</span></span></center>
''staří muži''<br>''staré ženy''<br>''stará města''<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">j</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">y</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>y</u>outh</span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">K</span></span></center>
old men<br>old women<br>old cities<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">k</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">k</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>k</u>iss</span></span>


|-
|}
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">L</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">l</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">l</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>l</u>and</span></span>


|-
This word list gives only the singular masculine form of adjectives. Thus, ''starý, stará, staré,'' and ''staří'' (all forms of “old”) are listed here as ''starý.'' <br>  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">M</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">m</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">m</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>m</u>an</span></span>


|-
The endings of past tense verbs also change, depending on the gender and number of the subject:  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">N</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">n</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">n</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>n</u>ew</span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ň</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ň</span></span></center>
''narodil se''<br>''narodila se''<br>''narodilo se''<br>''narodili(y) se''<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ny</span></span></center>
|  
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in ca<u>ny</u>on</span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">O</span></span></center>
he was born<br>she was born<br>it (the child) was born<br>they were born<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">o</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">o</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>h<u>o</u>me</span>


|-
|}
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ó</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ó</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">oa</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>b<u>oa</u>t</span>


|-
This word list gives only the ''narodil se'' (“he was born”) form of the past tense verb. You can conclude that ''narodila se'' means “she was born,” etc.
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">P</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">p</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">p</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>p</u>eak</span>


|-
'''''Plurals'''''
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">R</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">r</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">r</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>r</u>an <span class="tiny2">(often rolled)</span></span>


|-
Plural forms of Czech words usually change the singular word:  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ř</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ř</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">rsh</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound like</span></span><span>'s'<span class="tiny2">in ma<u>rsh</u></span></span>


|-
Words ending in '''-a''' change to '''-y''':<br>''žena'' woman / wife  ''ženy'' women / wives
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">S</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">s</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">s</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>s</u>un</span>


|-
Words ending in '''-o''' change to '''-a''':<br>''město'' city  ''města'' cities
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Š</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">š</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">sh</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>sh</u>oe</span>


|-
Words ending in '''-e''' and '''-í''' do not change:<br>''ulice'' street  ''ulice'' streets
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">T</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">t</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">t</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>t</u>op</span>


|-
Words ending in a consonant add '''-y'''. A few words add '''-i''', '''-ové''', or '''-e''' to form the plural:
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ť</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ť</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ty</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound like</span></span><span>'t'<span class="tiny2">in</span> <u>t</u>une</span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">U</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">u</span></span></center>
''list''<br>''muž''<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">u</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>p<u>u</u>t</span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ú</span></span></center>
page<br>man<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ú</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">oo</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>p<u>oo</u>l</span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ů</span></span></center>
''listy''<br>''muži''<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ů</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">oo</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>p<u>oo</u>l</span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">V</span></span></center>
pages<br>men<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">v</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">v</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>v</u>an</span>


|-
|}
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Y</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">y</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">i</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>b<u>i</u>t</span>


|-
The plural form may change the basic word:  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ý</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ý</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ee</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>b<u>ee</u></span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Z</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">z</span></span></center>
''dítě''<br>''bratr''<br>''zámek''<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">z</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>z</u>oo</span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ž</span></span></center>
child<br>brother<br>palace<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ž</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">zh</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound like</span></span><span>'s'<span class="tiny2">in m</span>ea<u>s</u>ure</span>


|-
|
| colspan="4" |
''děti''<br>''bratři''<br>''zámky''<br>
<span><span class="visualHighlight"><span></span>Qq, Ww, Xx</span></span>


|  
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>are used in foreign words only</span></span><span></span>
children<br>brothers<br>palaces<br>


|}
|}


NOTE: the letter combination “CH" is treated as a single character and is alphabetized after the letter “H”<span class="visualHighlight"></span>
'''''Grammatical Use'''''


=== Variant Forms of Words ===
The endings of Czech words can also vary, depending on the grammatical use of the words. Czech grammar requires a different ending for a word used as a subject, a possessive, an object, or with a preposition. Czech words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Certain possessive endings give the meaning “of” to a word.


In Czech, the forms of most words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. ''Who, whose, whom'', or ''marry, marries, married''are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Czech, any word may have different forms, depending on how it is used. This word list gives the standard form of each Czech word. The endings of Czech words in a document often differ from what you find in this list.
*Nouns change the endings to show possession.


'''''Surnames.''''' Surnames will have the added ending ''-ová''or ''-á''if the person referred to is female:
Nouns ending with a consonant add '''-a''' or '''-e''':  


'''''Gender.'''''Czech words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe the singular and plural forms of Czech words must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings:
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|
''bratr''<br>''muž''<br>


This word list gives only the singular masculine form of adjectives. Thus, ''starý, stará, staré,''and ''sta''_''í''(all forms of “old”) are listed as ''starý.''The endings of past tense verbs also change, depending on the gender and number of the subject:
|
brother<br>man<br>


This word list gives only the ''narodil se''(“he was born”) form of the past tense verb. You can conclude that ''narodila se''means “she was born,” etc.
|
''bratra''<br>''muže''<br>


'''''Plurals.'''''Plural forms of Czech words usually change the singular word:
|
of brother<br>of man<br>


Words ending in ''-a''change to ''-y:''
|}


* ''žena''wife ''ž''''eny''''''''wives
Nouns ending with '''-a''' add '''-y''':<br>''sestra'' sister  ''sestry'' of sister


Words ending in ''-o''change to ''-a:''
Nouns ending with '''-o''' add '''-a''':<br>''město'' city  ''města'' of city


* ''m''''ě''''sto''city ''m''''ě''''sta''cities
Plural masculine nouns change to '''''':<br>''muži'' husbands  ''mužů'' of husbands


Words ending in ''-e''and ''''do not change:
Plural feminine or neuter nouns drop the last vowel:<br>''ženy'' wife  ''žen'' of wives


* ''ulice''street ''ulice''streets
*Adjectives change the endings to show possession.


Words ending in a consonant add ''-y.''A few words add ''-i, -ové,''or ''-e''to form the plural:
Adjectives ending in '''-ý''' change to '''-ého''':<br>''narozený'' born  ''narozeného'' of the born


* ''list''page ''listy''pages
Adjectives ending in '''''' change to '''''':<br>''křtěná'' baptized  ''křtěné'' of the baptized
* ''mu''ž husband ''muž''''i''''''''husbands


The plural form may change the basic word:
Adjectives ending in '''-é''' change to '''-ého''':<br>''neznámé'' unknown  ''neznámého'' of the unknown


* ''dít''ě child ''d''''ě''''ti''children
Adjectives ending in '''''' change to '''-ího''':<br>''první'' first  ''prvního'' of the first
* ''bratr''brother ''brat''_''i''brothers
* ''zámek''palace ''zámky''palaces


'''''Grammatical Use.'''''The endings of Czech words can also vary, depending on the grammatical use of the words. Czech grammar requires a different ending for a word used as a subject, a possessive, an object, or with a preposition. Czech words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Certain possessive endings give the meaning “of” to a word. Nouns change the endings to show possession. Nouns ending with a consonant add ''-a''or -e:
Plural adjectives ending in '''''' or '''-í''' add '''-ch''':  


'
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|
''zemřelý''<br>''erbovní''<br>


* ''bratr''brother ''bratra''of brother
|
deceased<br>heraldic<br>


* ''mu''ž husband ''muž''''e''''''''of husband
|
''zemřelých''<br>''erbovních''<br>


Nouns ending with ''-a''add ''-y:''
|
of the deceased<br>of the heraldic<br>


* ''sestra''sister ''sestry''of sister
|}


Nouns ending with ''-o''add ''-a:''
These examples show some endings in context:  


* ''m''''ě''''sto''city ''m''''ě''''sta''of city
''Syn zemřelého Josefa Nováka a Anny Plevové'' means “son of the deceased Josef Novák and of Anna Plevová (Pleva).”


Plural masculine nouns change to ''-''_''<nowiki>:</nowiki>''
''Manželství mezi Karlem Václavem Havlem a Barborou Marií Kozárovou'' means “marriage between Karel Václav Havel and Barbora Marie Kozárová (Kozár).”           


* ''muž''''i''''''''husband ''mu''ž_ of husbands
For charts of Czech patterns of declension see this [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_declension article on Wikipedia].         


Plural feminine or neuter nouns drop the last vowel:
In genealogical sources surnames may also be spelled in the language of the the text. In German text, Czech surnames may be spelled according to German phonetics. So ''Černý'' may be spelled ''Tscherny''. Or, German names can be spelled in Czech phonetics, so ''Schmidt'' may be spelled ''Šmid''. Surnames can also be translated into the language of the text. Smith, for example could be translated as ''Schmidt'' (German), ''Kovař'' (Czech), ''Kovács'' (Hungarian), or ''Faber'' (Latin).   


* ''ženy''wife ''ž''''en''''''''of wives
'''''Prepositions'''''  


Adjectives change the endings to show possession. Adjectives ending in ''-ý''change to ''-ého:''
Prepositions also change the grammatical case of the word(s) following them. Some of the most common prepositions you may encounter in genealogical records are:  


* ''narozený''born ''narozeného''of the born
'''z or ze''' means from > followed by genitive case


Adjectives ending in ''''change to ''-é:''
'''u''' means nearby (often used in place names) > followed by genitive case


* ''k''_''t''_''ná''baptized ''k''_''t''_''né''of the baptized
'''s or se''' means with > followed by instrumental case


Adjectives ending in ''''change to ''-ého:''
'''v or ve''' means in > followed by locative case


* ''neznámé''unknown ''neznámého''of the unknown
'''po''' means after, but also used in the sense of widow of > followed by locative case


Adjectives ending in ''''change to ''-ího:''
'''mezi''' means between > followed by instrumental case


* ''první''first ''prvního''of the first
'''nad''' means above (often used in place names) > followed by instrumental case


Plural adjectives ending in ''''or ''-í''add -''ch:''
'''pod''' means below > followed by instrumental case


* ''zem''_''elý''deceased ''zem''_''elých''of the deceased
'''před''' means before > followed by instrumental case


* ''erbovní''heraldic ''erbovních''of the heraldic


These examples show some endings in context:


* ''Syn zem''_''elého Josefa Nováka a Anny Plevové''means “son of the deceased Josef Novák and of Anna Plevová (Pleva).”
===Alphabetical Order===
* ''Manž''''elství mezi Karlem Václavem Havlem a Barborou Marií Kozárovou''''''''means “marriage between Karel Václav Havel and Barbora Marie Kozárová (Kozár).”


'''Alphabetical Order'''
Written Czech uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet: á, č, ď, é, ě, í, ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ,ú, ů, ý, ž. The letter combination ''ch'' is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after ''h''. Letters ''q, w,'' and ''x'' are used only in words of foreign origin. Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:


Written Czech uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet: á, _, _,
a,á b  c,č  d,ď  e,é,ě  f  g  h  ch  i,í  j  k  l  m  n,ň  o,ó  p  (q)  r,ř  s,š  t,ť  u,ú,ů  v  (w)  (x)  y,ý  z,ž 


é, ě, í, _, ó, _, š, _, ú, _, ý, ž. The letter combination ''ch''is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after ''h''. Letters ''q, w,''and ''x''are used only in words of foreign origin. Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:
This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. However, when you work with alphabetized Czech records, use the Czech alphabetical order.


a,á b c,_ d,_ e,é,ě f g h ch i,í j k l m n, _ o,ó p (q) r,_ s,š t,_ u,ú,_ v (w) ( x) y,ý z,ž
===Spelling===


This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. However, when you work with alphabetized Czech records, use the Czech alphabetical order.
Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. In Czech, the following spelling variations are common:


'''Spelling'''
'''i, y''' and '''j''' used interchangeably<br>'''s''' and '''z''' used interchangeably<br>'''w''' used for '''v'''<br>'''rz''' used for '''ř'''<br>'''sz''' used for '''š'''<br>'''cz''' used for '''č'''<br>


Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. In Czech, the following spelling variations are common:
In Czech words are pronounced as they are written.


* ''i'', ''y,''and ''j''used interchangeably
* ''s''and ''z''used interchangeably
* ''w''used for ''v''
* ''rz''used for _
* ''sz''used for ''š''
* ''cz''used for _


Czech is a phonetic language, which means words are pronounced as they are written.


=== '''Additional Resources''' ===
==Additional Resources==


This word list includes the words ''most commonly found in genealogical sources''. For further help, use a Czech-English dictionary. Several are available at the Family History Library in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 491.86321. The following dictionary is helpful when you do genealogical research and is available through most bookstores which carry Czech books:
*[[Czechia Reading Aids]] Translated examples of birth, marriage, and death records, both civil registration and church records, in both German and Czech.


* Poldauf, Ivan. ''Anglicko-''_''eský a''_''esko-anglický slovník''(English-Czech and Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: Státní Pedagogické
<br>


Nakladatalství, 1971. (FHL book 491.86321 P757a)
This word list includes the words ''most commonly found in genealogical sources''. For further help, use a Czech-English dictionary. Several are available at the FamilySearch Library in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 491.86321. The following dictionary is helpful when you do genealogical research and is available through most bookstores which carry Czech books:


The following dictionary is also available on microfilm and microfiche for use in Family History Centers:
*Fronek, Josef. ''Anglicko-český, česko-anglický slovník.'' (English-Czech, Czech-English dictionary). Praha: Leda, 2003, c1998. (FS Library book 491.86321)


* Cheshire, Harold T. ''esko-anglický slovník''(Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: J. Otto, 1935. (FHL book 491.86321 C424c; film
The following dictionary is also available on microfilm and microfiche for use in FamilySearch Centers:  


1181683 item 1-2; fiche 6001286-6001287).
*Cheshire, Harold T. ''Česko-anglický slovník.'' (Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: J. Otto, 1935. (FS Library book 491.86321 C424c; film 1181683 item 1-2; fiche 6001286-6001287).


Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under CZECH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under CZECH REPUBLIC—LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES. These include other dictionaries and language helps, such as Czech grammar books.
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the FamilySearch Catalog under CZECH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under CZECH REPUBLIC—LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES. These include other dictionaries and language helps, such as Czech grammar books.  


=== '''Key Words''' ===
You could also use an online translator such as [http://translate.google.com/# Google translate].


In order to find and use specific types of Czech records, you will need to know some key words in Czech. This section gives key genealogical terms in English with Czech translations. For example, in the first column you will find the English word ''marriage''. In the second column you will find Czech words with meanings such as ''marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined'', and other words used in Czech records to indicate marriage.
==Key Words==


'''English Czech'''
In order to find and use specific types of Czech records, you will need to know some key words in Czech. This section gives key genealogical terms in English with Czech translations. For example, in the first column you will find the English word ''marriage''. In the second column you will find Czech words with meanings such as ''marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined'', and other words used in Czech records to indicate marriage.


baptism, baptisms k_est, k_ty, k_estní, k_tít,
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="50%"
|-
! width="25%" |'''English'''
!'''Czech'''
|-
|baptism, baptisms
|křest, křty, křestní, křtít, křtil, pokřtil
|-
|birth, births
|narození, narozený, rodný, narodil se
|-
|burial, burials
|pohřeb, pohřby
|-
|Catholic
|římsko-katolický
|-
|census
|sčítání lidu
|-
|child
|dítě, děcko, děťátko
|-
|christenings
|(see baptism)
|-
|civil registry
|státní matriky
|-
|day
|den
|-
|death, deaths
|úmrtí, smrt, úmrtní, umřel, zemřít, zemřel, zesnul, skonal
|-
|father
|otec, otcové, otce, táta, taťka, tatík, tatínek
|-
|husband
|manžel, choť, muž
|-
|index
|seznam, rejstřík, index
|-
|Jewish
|židovský
|-
|marriage, marriages
|sňatek, sňatky, manželství, svatba, oddavky, oddací, oddaný, oddat, oženil se (man), vdala se (woman)
|-
|military
|vojsko, vojenský
|-
|month
|měsíc
|-
|mother
|matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka
|-
|name, given
|(křestní) jméno
|-
|name, surname
|příjmení, rodné jméno, vlastní jméno
|-
|parent, parents
|rodič, rodiče
|-
|parish
|farnost, fara
|-
|Protestant
|protestantský, evangelický
|-
|week
|týden
|-
|wife
|manželka, choť, žena
|-
|year
|rok
|}


k_til, pok_til
==Numbers==


birth, births narození, narozený,
In some genealogical records, numbers are spelled out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form with a possessive grammatical ending. In the following list, the ordinal number in its standard form is given first, followed by the possessive form (in some cases only the possessive ending is listed):


rodný, narodil se
'''pátý'''  - the fifth    '''pátého'''  - on the fifth (of the month)


burial, burials poh_eb, poh_by
'''Cardinal                                        Ordinal'''


Catholic _ímsko-katolický
1 jeden, jedna, jedno                      1st první, prvního<br>2 dva, dvě                                      2nd druhý, druhého<br>3 tři                                                3rd třetí, třetího<br>4 čtyři                                            4th čtvrtý, čtvrtého<br>5 pět                                              5th pátý, pátého<br>6 šest                                            6th šestý, šestého<br>7 sedm                                          7th sedmý, sedmého<br>8 osm                                            8th osmý, osmého<br>9 devět                                            9th devátý, devátého<br>10 deset                                        10th desátý, desátého<br>11 jedenáct                                    11th jedenáctý, -ého<br>12 dvanáct                                    12th dvanáctý, -ého<br>13 třináct                                      13th třináctý, -ého<br>14 čtrnáct                                      14th čtrnáctý, -ého<br>15 patnáct                                      15th patnáctý, -ého<br>16 šestnáct                                    16th šestnáctý, -ého<br>17 sedmnáct                                  17th sedmnáctý, -ého<br>18 osmnáct                                    18th osmnáctý, -ého<br>19 devatenáct                                19th devatenáctý, -ého<br>20 dvacet                                        20th dvacátý, -ého<br>21 dvacet jeden, -jedna, -jedno          21st dvacátý první, dvacátého prvního<br>22 dvacet dva                                  22nd dvacátý druhý, dvacátého druhého<br>23 dvacet tři                                    23rd dvacátý třetí, dvacátého třetího<br>24 dvacet čtyři                                24th dvacátý čtvrtý, dvacátého čtvrtého<br>25 dvacet pět                                  25th dvacátý pátý, dvacátého pátého<br>26 dvacet šest                                26th dvacátý šestý,dvacátého šestého<br>27 dvacet sedm                              27th dvacátý sedmý, dvacátého sedmého<br>28 dvacet osm                                28th dvacátý osmý, dvacátého osmého<br>29 dvacet devět                              29th dvacátý devátý, dvacátého devátého<br>30 třicet                                        30th třicátý, třicátého <br>40 čtyřicet                                      40th čtyřicátý, -ého<br>50 padesát                                    50th padesátý, -ého<br>60 šedesát                                    60th šedesátý, -ého<br>70 sedmdesát                                70th sedmdesátý, -ého<br>80 osmdesát                                  80th osmdesátý, -ého<br>90 devadesát                                  90th devadesátý, -ého<br>100 sto                                        100th stý, -ého<br>200 dvěstě                                    200th dvoustý, -ého<br>300 třista                                      300th třístý, -ého<br>400 čtyřista                                  400th čtyřistý, -ého<br>500 pětset                                    500th pětistý, -ého<br>600 šestset                                  600th šestistý, -ého<br>700 sedmset                                700th sedmistý, -ého<br>800 osmset                                  800th osmistý, -ého<br>900 devětset                                900th devítistý, -ého<br>1000 tisíc                                    1000th tisící, -ího


census s_ítání lidu
==Date and Time==


child dítě, děcko, dě_átko
To understand Czech dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding “Numbers” section. In Czech records, dates are occasionally spelled out. Dates are usually given with possessive grammatical endings:


christenings (see baptism)
*''dvacátého osmého srpna, jeden tisíc osm set'' ''padesát dva''
*[on the twenty-eighth of August, one thousand eight hundred fifty and two]  28 August 1852


civil registry státní matriky
===Months of the Year===


death, deaths úmrtí, smrt, úmrtní,
Czech dates are always given in day-month-year order. Months are often abbreviated using a Roman numeral.


um_el, zem_ít, zem_el,
For example, 25 February 1848 could be written as:<br>    25. února 1848<br>    25. 2. 1848<br>    25. II. 1848


zesnul, skonal
The months listed below are shown in their standard form and in the possessive form used in writing dates:


father otec, otcové, otce, táta,
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="50%"
|-
! width="25%" |'''Roman Numeral'''
!'''Czech'''
!'''English'''
|-
|I
|leden, ledna
|January
|-
|II
|únor, února
|February
|-
|III
|březen, března
|March
|-
|IV
|duben, dubna
|April
|-
|V
|květen, května
|May
|-
|VI
|červen, června
|June
|-
|VII
|červenec, července
|July
|-
|VIII
|srpen, srpna
|August
|-
|IX
|září
|September
|-
|X
|říjen, října
|October
|-
|XI
|listopad, listopadu
|November
|-
|XII
|prosinec, prosince
|December
|}


ta_ka,tatík, tatínek
===Days of the Week===


husband manžel, cho_, mu_
'''  Czech          English'''<br>    neděle        Sunday<br>    pondělí        Monday<br>    úterý          Tuesday<br>    středa        Wednesday<br>    čtvrtek        Thursday<br>    pátek          Friday<br>    sobota        Saturday


index seznam, rejst_ík, index
===Times of the Day===


Jewish židovský
Czech records may indicate the exact time when the birth, marriage, or death occurred. This is usually spelled out.


marriage, marriages s_atek, s_atky,
'''    Czech                  English<br>'''    v deset hodin          at 10 o’clock<br>    ráno                      in the morning<br>    dopoledne              forenoon<br>    poledne/ v poledne  noon<br>    odpoledne              afternoon<br>    večer                      in the evening<br>    v noci                    at night<br>    půlnoc/ o půlnoci    midnight<br>


manželství, svatba,
==General Word List==


oddavky, oddací,
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. In this list, optional versions of Czech words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Some Czech phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Czech word, not the first word, of the phrase. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.


oddaný, oddat,
'''Czech English'''


oženil se (man), vdala se (woman)
====A====


military vojsko, vojenský
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|a
|and
|-
|A. C.
|Augsburg Confession
|-
|A. V.
|Augsburské vzynání, Augsburg Confesson
|-
|aby
|so that
|-
|adoptovaný
|adopted
|-
|adresář
|directory
|-
|ale
|but
|-
|ani
|not even
|-
|archív
|archive
|-
|asi
|perhaps, about, maybe, circa
|-
|atd.
|and so forth
|}


month měsíc


mother matka, matky, máma,
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


mamka, maminka
====B====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|bába (babina, babička)
|grandmother (also used for midwife)
|-
|badatel
|researcher
|-
|bakalář
|student
|-
|baráčník
|cottager
|-
|barvíř
|dyer
|-
|běhavka
|diarrhea
|-
|běloruský
|Belorussian
|-
|berní
|ruly tax lists
|-
|bez
|without
|-
|bezdětný
|childless
|-
|bezejmenný
|unnamed, nameless
|-
|bílý
|white
|-
|biřmování
|confirmations
|-
|biskup
|bishop
|-
|blízký
|near
|-
|blížně, blížěňata
|twin, twins
|-
|bojiště, na bojišti
|battlefield, on the battlefield
|-
|bolest
|pain
|-
|Boží
|the Lord’s
|-
|bratr, bratři
|brother, brothers
|-
|bratranec
|cousin (male)
|-
|březen
|March
|-
|bude
|he will, she will, it will
|-
|budou
|they will
|-
|Bůh
|the Lord
|-
|bydlící
|residing
|-
|bydliště
|residence
|-
|byl, byla, bylo
|was
|-
|byli, byly
|were
|-
|být
|to be
|-
|bývalý
|former, the late (deceased)
|}


name, given (k_estní) jméno


name, surname p_íjmení, rodné jméno, vlastní jméno
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


parent, parents rodi_, rodi_e
====C====


parish farnost, fara
'''C, Č'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|číslo
|number
|-
|cajkař
|weaver
|-
|čas
|time
|-
|časopis
|magazine, periodical
|-
|část
|part, portion
|-
|často
|often
|-
|cech
|guild
|-
|čeledín
|groom (person employed to clean/look after horses)
|-
|celý
|entire
|-
|census
|census
|-
|černý
|black
|-
|červen
|June
|-
|červenec
|July
|-
|červený
|red
|-
|Český
|Czech, Bohemian
|-
|cesta
|road
|-
|cestář
|road-mender, wayman
|-
|cestovní pas
|passport
|-
|chalupník
|cottager, poor peasant
|-
|chce
|he wants
|-
|chlap
|peasant, country fellow
|-
|chlapec
|boy
|-
|choroba
|disease
|-
|choť
|spouse
|-
|cihlář
|brick maker
|-
|cikán
|gypsy
|-
|církev
|church
|-
|císařský
|imperial
|-
|císařství
|empire
|-
|cizí
|foreign, strange
|-
|číslo běžně
|running number (as in a list)
|-
|číslo domu
|house number
|-
|cizozemský
|foreign
|-
|člen
|member
|-
|co
|what
|-
|čtrnáct(ý)
|fourteen (fourteenth)
|-
|čtvrtek
|Thursday
|-
|čtvrtláník
|farmer (quarter-land holder)
|-
|čtvrtý
|fourth
|-
|čtyři
|four
|-
|čtyřicátý
|fortieth
|-
|čtyřicet
|forty
|-
|čtyři sta
|four hundred
|-
|čtyřstý
|four hundredth
|-
|cukrovka
|diabetes
|}


Protestant protestant


wife manželka, cho_, žena
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


year rok
====D====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|daně
|taxation
|-
|dar
|donation
|-
|datum
|date
|-
|dcera, dcery
|daughter, daughters
|-
|děcko
|child
|-
|děd (děda, dědek, dědeček)
|grandfather, old man
|-
|dědic
|heir
|-
|dědictví
|heritage, inheritance
|-
|dějiny
|history
|-
|děkanát
|deanery, division of a diocese
|-
|dělník
|laborer, worker
|-
|den
|day
|-
|desátek
|tithing, a tenth
|-
|desátý
|tenth
|-
|deset
|ten
|-
|děťátko
|little child
|-
|děti
|children
|-
|devadesát(ý)
|ninety (ninetieth)
|-
|devatenáct(ý)
|nineteen (nineteenth)
|-
|devátý
|ninth
|-
|děvče (děvčina)
|girl
|-
|devět
|nine
|-
|devět set
|nine hundred
|-
|devítistý
|nine hundredth
|-
|díl
|portion, share, volume
|-
|diecéze
|diocese
|-
|dítě
|child
|-
|dítěte
|of the child
|-
|dívka (dívčina)
|girl
|-
|dle
|according to
|-
|dlouhý
|long
|-
|dne
|on the day
|-
|dnes
|today
|-
|dnešní
|today's
|-
|do
|to, into
|-
|doba
|time, period
|-
|dobrý
|good
|-
|dodatek
|supplement, addition
|-
|doklad
|document
|-
|dolní
|lower
|-
|doma
|at home
|-
|domkář
|cottager
|-
|domovský list
|residency certificate
|-
|dopis
|letter, correspondence
|-
|dříve
|previously
|-
|dřívější
|former
|-
|druhého
|on the second
|-
|druhopis
|duplicate
|-
|druhý
|second
|-
|duben
|April
|-
|Duch (po svatém Duchu)
|spirit (after Pentecost)
|-
|důchodce
|pensioner
|-
|důkaz
|proof
|-
|dům
|house
|-
|duplikát
|duplicate
|-
|dva
|two
|-
|dvacátý
|twentieth
|-
|dvacátý čtvrtý
|twenty-fourth
|-
|dvacátý devátý
|twenty-ninth
|-
|dvacátý druhý
|twenty-second
|-
|dvacátý osmý
|twenty-eighth
|-
|dvacátý pátý
|twenty-fifth
|-
|dvacátý první
|twenty-first
|-
|dvacátý sedmý
|twenty-seventh
|-
|dvacátý šestý
|twenty-sixth
|-
|dvacátý třetí
|twenty-third
|-
|dvacet
|twenty
|-
|dvacet čtyři
|twenty-four
|-
|dvacet devět
|twenty-nine
|-
|dvacet dva
|twenty-two
|-
|dvacet jeden
|twenty-one
|-
|dvacet osm
|twenty-eight
|-
|dvacet pět
|twenty-five
|-
|dvacet sedm
|twenty-seven
|-
|dvacet šest
|twenty-six
|-
|dvacet tři
|twenty-three
|-
|dvanáct(ý)
|twelve (twelfth)
|-
|dvě
|two
|-
|dvě stě
|two hundred
|-
|dvojče, dvojčata
|twin, twins
|-
|dvoustý
|two hundredth
|-
|dvůr
|court
|}


=== '''General Word List''' ===
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. In this list, optional versions of Czech words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Some Czech phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Czech word, not the first word, of the phrase. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.
====E====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|emigrace
|emigration
|-
|erb
|coat of arms
|-
|erbovní
|heraldic
|-
|erbovnictví
|heraldry
|-
|evangelický
|Evangelical, Lutheran, Protestant
|}


'''Czech English'''


'''A'''
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


a and
====F====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|fara
|parish
|-
|farář
|pastor, parish priest
|-
|farní úřad
|parish office
|-
|farnost
|parish
|}


aby so that


adoptovaný adopted
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


adresá_ directory
====G====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |FOREIGN LANGUAGE
! scope="col" |English
|-
|genealogický strom
|family tree
|-
|genealogie
|genealogy
|-
|grunt
|family property
|-
|gruntovní knihy
|land records
|-
|gruntovník
|farmer, land holder
|-
|gubernie
|Russian province
|}


ale but


ani not even
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


archív archive
====H====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|H.C.
|Helvetic Confession (vzynání)
|-
|havíř
|coal miner
|-
|hejtmanství
|political district
|-
|heraldika
|heraldry
|-
|historie
|history
|-
|hlavní
|main
|-
|ho
|him
|-
|hodina
|hour
|-
|hodný
|worthy
|-
|holič
|barber
|-
|hora
|mountain, hill
|-
|horečka
|fever
|-
|horní
|upper
|-
|horník
|miner
|-
|hospodář
|farmer (self sustaining)
|-
|hospodářství
|farm
|-
|hostinský
|innkeeper
|-
|hrad
|castle
|-
|hranice
|border, boundary
|-
|hřbitov
|cemetery
|-
|hrob
|grave
|-
|hrnčíř
|potter
|}


asi perhaps, about, maybe,


circa
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


atd. and so forth
====I====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |Englishsor
|-
|i
|and
|-
|imigrace
|immigration
|-
|informace
|information
|}


'''B'''
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


bába (babina, babi_ka) grandmother
====J====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|jak
|how, as
|-
|jako
|as, like
|-
|jaký
|what kind of
|-
|jazyk
|language
|-
|je
|he is, she is, it is
|-
|jeden, -na, -no
|a, an, one
|-
|jedenáct(ý)
|eleven (eleventh)
|-
|jedináček
|the only child
|-
|jeho
|his, its
|-
|její
|her
|-
|jejich
|their
|-
|jen
|only, just
|-
|ještě
|still, yet
|-
|ještě ne
|not yet
|-
|jezero
|lake
|-
|jih
|south
|-
|jinak též
|alias
|-
|jindy
|at another time
|-
|jiný
|other, different
|-
|jitro
|morning
|-
|již
|already
|-
|jméno
|name, given name= křestní jméno
|-
|jmenovitě
|that means, namely
|-
|jsou
|they are
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


badatel researcher
====K====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|k
|to, for
|-
|kalendář
|calendar
|-
|kam
|to where
|-
|kameník
|mason
|-
|kaple
|chapel
|-
|kašel
|cough
|-
|katolický
|Catholic
|-
|kazatel
|preacher
|-
|každý
|each, every
|-
|kde
|where
|-
|kdo
|who
|-
|kdy (když)
|when
|-
|kilometr
|kilometer
|-
|klášter
|convent, monastery
|-
|klempíř
|tinsmith
|-
|kmotr
|godfather
|-
|kmotra
|godmother
|-
|kmotři
|godparents
|-
|kněz
|priest
|-
|kniha, knihy
|book, books
|-
|knihovna
|library
|-
|koho
|whom
|-
|kojenec
|suckling
|-
|kolem
|about, approximately
|-
|kominík
|chimney sweep
|-
|konec
|end
|-
|konečný
|final, last
|-
|konto
|account
|-
|konverze
|conversion
|-
|kostel
|church
|-
|koupil
|he bought
|-
|kovář
|smith
|-
|koželuh
|tanner
|-
|kraj
|region, area
|-
|král
|king
|-
|královna
|queen
|-
|královský
|royal
|-
|království
|kingdom
|-
|krát
|times
|-
|křeče
|cramps, convulsions
|-
|krejčí
|tailor (male)
|-
|křest
|christening, baptism
|-
|křestní jméno
|given name
|-
|křestní list
|christening (baptismal) certificate
|-
|krevní
|blood relation
|-
|kronika, kroniky
|chronicle, chronicles
|-
|křtřnec
|the one christened, baptized
|-
|křtěný
|christened, baptized
|-
|křtícího
|of the baptizer
|-
|křtil
|have christened, baptized
|-
|křtu
|of the christening
|-
|křty
|christenings, baptisms
|-
|krvácení
|bleeding, hemorrhage
|-
|který
|who, which
|-
|kupec
|shopkeeper, merchant
|-
|kumšt
|trade, occupation
|-
|květen
|May
|}


bakalá_ student


bará_ník cottager
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


barví_ dyer
====L====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|lán
|a measure of land
|-
|laník
|landholder
|-
|latinský
|Latin
|-
|lázně
|spa, spring, bath
|-
|leden
|January
|-
|lékař
|physician
|-
|les
|forest, woods
|-
|lesník
|forester
|-
|leštiř skla
|polisher of glass
|-
|léta (let)
|years
|-
|letopočet
|date
|-
|letos
|this year
|-
|levoboček
|illegitimate child
|-
|levý
|left
|-
|lidé (lid)
|people
|-
|list
|certificate, page
|-
|listina
|legal document
|-
|listopad
|November
|-
|loď
|ship, boat
|-
|loni
|last year
|-
|lože
|status of legitimacy, bed
|-
|lože manželské
|legitimate
|-
|lože nemanželské
|illegitimate
|}


běhavka diarrhea


běloruský Belorussian
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


berní ruly tax lists
====M====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|má
|he has, she has, it has
|-
|macecha
|stepmother
|-
|maďarský
|Hungarian
|-
|majetek
|property
|-
|majetný
|wealthy, property owning
|-
|mají
|they have
|-
|malíř
|painter
|-
|malý
|small, little
|-
|máma (matka, mamka, maminka)
|mother
|-
|manžel
|husband
|-
|manželé
|married couple
|-
|manželka
|wife
|-
|manželský
|legitimate
|-
|manželství
|marriage
|-
|mapa
|map
|-
|matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka
|mother
|-
|matrika, matriky
|vital records, church records, parish registers
|-
|matrika narozených
|birth register
|-
|matrika oddaných
|marriage register
|-
|matrika zemřelých
|death register
|-
|měl, -a, -o
|he had, she had, it had
|-
|menší
|lesser, smaller, shorter
|-
|měsíc
|month
|-
|měščan
|burgher, citizen
|-
|měsťan
|burgher, citizen
|-
|město
|town, city
|-
|mezi
|between
|-
|místní
|local
|-
|místo
|place, locality
|-
|místo bydliště
|place of residence
|-
|místopisný slovník
|gazetteer
|-
|mistr
|master craftsman
|-
|mít
|to have
|-
|ml. (mladší)
|younger, junior
|-
|mládenec
|young man
|-
|starý mládenec
|bachelor
|-
|mladý
|young
|-
|mlýn
|mill
|-
|mlynář
|miller
|-
|modlitba
|prayer
|-
|modrý
|blue
|-
|moravský
|Moravian
|-
|most
|bridge
|-
|mrtvě narozený
|stillborn
|-
|mrtvý
|dead
|-
|mu
|to him
|-
|muž
|man, husband
|-
|mužský
|male
|-
|myslivec
|hunter
|}


bez without
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


bezdětný childless
====N====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|na
|on, at, around
|-
|náb.
|religion
|-
|náboženství
|religion
|-
|nad
|on the, above, upon
|-
|nádeník
|day worker, day laborer
|-
|náhrobek
|gravestone
|-
|nájemník
|renter, tenant
|-
|nalezenec
|foundling
|-
|nám
|to us
|-
|nar.
|birth, was born
|-
|narodil se
|was born
|-
|národní
|national
|-
|narození
|birth
|-
|narozený
|born
|-
|nás
|us
|-
|náš (naše)
|our
|-
|následující
|next
|-
|ne (ne-)
|no, not
|-
|nebo
|or
|-
|nebožtík
|the deceased
|-
|nedaleko
|not far from
|-
|neděle
|Sunday
|-
|nedostatek
|lack of
|-
|nejmladší
|youngest
|-
|nejstarší
|oldest, eldest
|-
|nekatolík
|non-Catholic
|-
|nemanželský
|illegitimate
|-
|německý
|German
|-
|nemluvně
|infant
|-
|nemoc
|disease
|-
|není
|is not
|-
|neštovice
|small pox
|-
|neteř
|niece
|-
|neuvedeno
|not mentioned
|-
|nevěsta
|bride
|-
|nevlastní
|step- (as in stepmother, stepsister, and so forth)
|-
|nevolník
|vassal, serf
|-
|nevyskytuje se
|does not appear
|-
|nezletilý
|not of legal age, minor
|-
|neznámý
|unknown
|-
|nic
|nothing
|-
|nikdy
|never
|-
|nízký
|low, short
|-
|nižší
|lower
|-
|noc
|night
|-
|novomanželé
|newlyweds
|-
|novorozenec
|newborn
|-
|nový
|new
|-
|nynější
|this, the present
|}


bezejmenný unnamed, nameless


bílý white
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


bi_mování confirmations
====O====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|o
|about, concerning
|-
|oba (obě)
|both
|-
|občan
|citizen
|-
|občanství
|citizenship
|-
|obchodník
|merchant
|-
|obdržel
|received
|-
|obec, obce
|community, communities
|-
|oblastní archív
|regional archive
|-
|obřad
|rite, ceremony
|-
|obřezání (obřízka)
|circumcision
|-
|obsah
|content
|-
|obuvník
|shoemaker
|-
|obyvatel
|inhabitant, resident, citizen
|-
|obyvatelstvo
|population
|-
|od
|from, since
|-
|odbytý
|performed
|-
|oddací
|list marriage certificate
|-
|oddací matrika
|marriage register
|-
|oddaný
|married
|-
|oddat
|to marry
|-
|oddavky
|marriage
|-
|odkud
|from where
|-
|odpoledne
|in the afternoon
|-
|odpovědět
|to reply
|-
|ohlášený
|announced, published
|-
|ohlášky
|banns
|-
|okamžitě
|right away, immediately
|-
|okolo
|about, around
|-
|okres
|district, county
|-
|on, -a, -o, -i, -y
|he, she, it, they
|-
|osada
|community
|-
|osm(ý)
|eight (eighth)
|-
|osmdesát(ý)
|eighty (eightieth)
|-
|osmistý
|eight hundredth
|-
|osmnáct(ý)
|eighteen (eighteenth)
|-
|osm set
|eight hundred
|-
|osoba
|person
|-
|osobní
|personal
|-
|otčím
|stepfather
|-
|otec, otcové
|father, fathers
|-
|ovčák
|shepherd
|-
|ovdovělá
|widowed
|-
|ovdovělý
|widowered
|-
|oženěný
|married (man)
|-
|oženil se
|married a woman
|}


biskup bishop
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


blízký near
====P====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|pacholek
|farm servant
|-
|padesát(ý)
|fifty (fiftieth)
|-
|pan
|sir, Mr., Lord
|-
|paní
|lady, Mrs.
|-
|panna
|maiden, Miss, virgin
|-
|stará panna
|old maiden, spinster
|-
|pastýř
|herdsman
|-
|pátek
|Friday
|-
|patnáct(ý)
|fifteen, fifteenth
|-
|patrimoniální knihy
|patrimonial books
|-
|pátý
|fifth
|-
|pečeť
|seal
|-
|pekař
|baker
|-
|pěstoun
|foster father
|-
|pěstounka
|foster mother
|-
|pět
|five
|-
|pětistý
|five hundredth
|-
|pět set
|five hundred
|-
|pevnost
|fortress
|-
|písaář
|scribe
|-
|plnoletnost
|age of consent, legal age, majority
|-
|plnoletý
|of legal age
|-
|plný
|full, complete
|-
|po (potom)
|after
|-
|po svatém Duchu (po sv. Duchu)
|after Pentecost
|-
|pobyt
|residence
|-
|pochovat
|buried
|-
|pod
|under
|-
|poddaný
|serf
|-
|podepsaný
|the undersigned
|-
|podepsat
|to sign, to undersign, to witness a signature
|-
|podle
|according to
|-
|podobný
|similar
|-
|podpis
|signature
|-
|podpora
|assistance
|-
|podruh
|farm laborer
|-
|pohlaví
|gender, sex
|-
|pohřbený
|buried
|-
|pohřeb, pohřby
|burial, burials
|-
|pohrobek
|posthumous child
|-
|pokřtěný
|christened
|-
|pokřtil
|have christened, baptized
|-
|poledne
|noon
|-
|polský
|Polish
|-
|pomoc
|help
|-
|politický okres
|political district
|-
|pondělí
|Monday
|-
|popálenina
|burn
|-
|popis
|description
|-
|poplatek
|fee, cost
|-
|populace
|population
|-
|porod
|childbirth, labor
|-
|porodní bába
|midwife
|-
|poručník
|guardian
|-
|poslední
|final, last
|-
|poslední pomazání
|last rites
|-
|poslední vůle
|last will, testament
|-
|potok
|stream
|-
|potomek
|descendant
|-
|povolání
|occupation, profession
|-
|povolení
|permission
|-
|požehnání
|blessing
|-
|pozemkové knihy
|land books
|-
|poznámky
|remarks
|-
|pozůstalý
|left behind, surviving
|-
|pra
|great
|-
|prabába (prababička)
|great-grandmother
|-
|pracovitý
|diligent, hard working
|-
|praděda (pradědeček)
|great-grandfather
|-
|prarodiče
|grandparents
|-
|prastrýc
|great uncle
|-
|prateta
|great aunt
|-
|pravděpodobně
|in all likelihood, probably
|-
|právní
|legal
|-
|právo
|law
|-
|pravoslavný
|orthodox
|-
|pravý
|right, true
|-
|pražský
|pertaining to Prague
|-
|před
|before, in front of
|-
|předek
|ancestor
|-
|předešlý
|previous
|-
|předevčírem
|day before yesterday
|-
|předtím
|before
|-
|přesnř
|exactly
|-
|přibližný
|approximate
|-
|příbuzný
|related, relative
|-
|příčina
|cause, reason
|-
|příjmení
|surname, last name
|-
|příslušnost
|relationship
|-
|příslušný
|appropriate
|-
|příští
|next
|-
|přítel
|friend (male)
|-
|přítelkyně
|friend (female)
|-
|přítomnost
|presence
|-
|přízvisko
|surname
|-
|pro
|for
|-
|proč
|why
|-
|prohlášení
|proclamation/banns/statement
|-
|prosba
|request
|-
|prosíme
|we request
|-
|prosinec
|December
|-
|protestantský
|Protestant
|-
|proti
|against
|-
|protože
|because
|-
|provdala - se
|she married
|-
|průjem
|diarrhea
|-
|pruský
|Prussian
|-
|první
|first
|-
|prvorozený
|firstborn
|-
|prý
|said to be
|-
|psát
|to write
|-
|psotník
|infantile convulsions
|-
|půl
|half
|-
|půlláník
|farmer (half-land holder)
|-
|půlnoc
|midnight
|-
|původ
|origin, parentage
|}


blížn_, blíž_ata twin, twins


bolest pain
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


Boží the Lord’s
====R====


bratr, brat_i brother, brothers
'''R, Ř'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|r. (roku)
|year
|-
|radnice
|city hall
|-
|rakouský
|Austrian
|-
|rakovina
|cancer
|-
|ráno
|in the morning
|-
|rejstřík
|list, index
|-
|řeka
|river
|-
|řemeslník
|tradesman
|-
|řemeslo
|trade
|-
|rešerše
|genealogical research
|-
|řezník
|butcher
|-
|říjen
|October
|-
|římsko-katolický
|Roman Catholic
|-
|robotník
|laborer, vassal
|-
|roč. (ročník)
|year (of book)
|-
|roce
|year
|-
|roční
|annual
|-
|rod
|family, clan, descent, lineage
|-
|rodem
|maiden name
|-
|rodič, rodiče
|parent, parents
|-
|rodina
|family
|-
|rodiště
|birthplace
|-
|rodná matrika
|birth register
|-
|rodné jméno
|surname
|-
|rodný list
|birth certificate
|-
|rodokmen
|pedigree, family tree, lineage
|-
|rodopis
|genealogy
|-
|rok
|year
|-
|roky (roků)
|years
|-
|rolník
|peasant
|-
|rovněž
|also, too
|-
|roz. (rozená)
|maiden name
|-
|rozvedený
|divorced
|-
|rozvod
|divorce
|-
|ruský
|Russian, Ruthenian, Ukrainian
|-
|různý
|various
|-
|rybář
|fisherman
|-
|rychtář
|village magistrate
|-
|rynek
|marketplace
|-
|rytíř
|knight
|}
 


bratranec cousin (male)
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


b_ezen March
====S====


bude he will, she will, it will
'''S, Š'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|s, se
|with
|-
|samota
|hamlet
|-
|sčítání lidu
|census
|-
|sdělení
|report
|-
|sdělujeme Vám
|we inform you
|-
|šedesát(ý)
|sixty (sixtieth)
|-
|sedlák
|farmer (large farm)
|-
|sedm(ý)
|seven (seventh)
|-
|sedmdesát(ý)
|seventy (seventieth)
|-
|sedmistý
|seven hundredth
|-
|sedmnáct(ý)
|seventeen (seventeenth)
|-
|sedm set
|seven hundred
|-
|šenkýř
|tavern keeper
|-
|šest(ý)
|six (sixth)
|-
|šestistý
|six hundredth
|-
|šestnáct(ý)
|sixteen (sixteenth)
|-
|sestra
|sister
|-
|sestřenice
|cousin (female)
|-
|šestset
|six hundred
|-
|sever
|north
|-
|seznam
|list, index, directory
|-
|sice
|namely, or
|-
|sirotek (sirota)
|orphan
|-
|škola
|school
|-
|slabost
|weakness, sickness
|-
|slabý
|weak
|-
|slavný
|famous
|-
|šlechta
|nobility
|-
|šlechtic
|nobleman
|-
|slečna
|miss
|-
|slezský
|Silesian
|-
|slovenský
|Slovak
|-
|slovník
|dictionary
|-
|sluha
|servant (male)
|-
|služba
|service
|-
|služka (služebná)
|servant (female)
|-
|smlouva
|contract, agreement
|-
|smrt
|death
|-
|snacha
|daughter-in-law
|-
|snad
|perhaps
|-
|sňatek, sňatky
|marriage, marriages
|-
|snoubenec
|fiancé, betrothed, groom
|-
|snoubenka
|fiancée, betrothed, bride
|-
|sobota
|Saturday
|-
|souchotiny
|consumption
|-
|soud
|court
|-
|soudce
|judge
|-
|souhlas
|consent
|-
|sourozenci
|siblings; brothers and sisters
|-
|soused, sousedé
|neighbor, neighbors, property owner,
in villages: status similar to a burgher/citizen in town
|-
|spála
|scarlet fever
|-
|spalničky
|measles
|-
|společně
|together
|-
|společnost
|society
|-
|srpen
|August
|-
|stará panna
|old maid, spinster
|-
|staroba
|old age
|-
|starosta
|mayor
|-
|starší
|older, elder, senior
|-
|starý
|old
|-
|starý mládenec
|bachelor
|-
|stát
|state
|-
|statek
|farm
|-
|státní matriky
|civil registry
|-
|stav
|marital status, condition
|-
|sto
|hundred
|-
|stolař
|cabinet maker
|-
|století
|century
|-
|str. (strana)
|page, side
|-
|střed, -ní
|central, middle, average
|-
|středa
|Wednesday
|-
|strýc
|uncle
|-
|stý
|one hundredth
|-
|sv. (svazek)
|volume, number
|-
|švadlena
|seamstress
|-
|švagr
|brother-in-law
|-
|švagrová
|sister-in-law
|-
|svatba
|wedding
|-
|svatební
|marital, of marriage
|-
|svatební oznámení
|wedding announcement
|-
|svátek
|holiday
|-
|svatý
|holy
|-
|švec
|shoemaker
|-
|svědek
|witness
|-
|svobodný
|unmarried, single
|-
|svolení
|consent
|-
|svůj, svá, své
|his own, her own
|-
|syn, synové
|son, sons
|-
|synagóga
|synagogue
|-
|synovec
|nephew
|}


budou they will
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


B_h the Lord
====T====


bydlící residing
'''T, Ť'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|tady
|here
|-
|tak zvaný
|so called
|-
|také
|also
|-
|tam
|there
|-
|tamější
|of that place
|-
|táta (tatík, taťka, tatínek)
|father
|-
|tchán
|father-in-law
|-
|tchýně
|mother-in-law
|-
|těhotenství
|pregnancy
|-
|těhotná
|pregnant
|-
|tesař
|carpenter
|-
|teta
|aunt
|-
|tisíc(í)
|one thousand (one thousandth)
|-
|titul
|title
|-
|tkadlec
|weaver
|-
|to
|it, this
|-
|tohoto roku
|of the current year
|-
|tolik
|so much, as much
|-
|tovaryš
|journeymen
|-
|třetí
|third
|-
|trh (tržiště)
|market
|-
|tři
|three
|-
|třicátý
|thirtieth
|-
|třicet
|thirty
|-
|třináct(ý)
|thirteen (thirteenth)
|-
|tři sta
|three hundred
|-
|třístý
|three hundredth
|-
|truhlář
|cabinetmaker
|-
|tu
|here
|-
|tuberkulóza
|tuberculosis
|-
|týden
|week
|-
|týdny
|weeks
|-
|tyfus břišní
|typhoid fever
|}


bydlišt_ residence
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


byl, byla, bylo was
====U====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|u
|at, in
|-
|ubohý
|poor
|-
|učedník (učeň)
|apprentice
|-
|učitel
|teacher
|-
|údaj
|information
|-
|údolí
|valley
|-
|uherský
|Hungarian
|-
|uhlíř
|coal man
|-
|ukrajinský
|Ukrainian
|-
|ul. (ulice)
|street, road
|-
|uložený
|deposited
|-
|úmluva
|contract, agreement
|-
|umřel
|died
|-
|umřít
|to die
|-
|úmrtí
|death
|-
|úmrtní list
|death certificate
|-
|úmrtní matrika
|death register
|-
|únor
|February
|-
|úplavice
|dysentery
|-
|úřad
|office
|-
|úředník
|clerk, officer
|-
|urozený
|of noble birth
|-
|usedlík
|settler
|-
|ústní
|verbal, oral
|-
|úterý
|Tuesday
|-
|uveden
|known
|-
|už
|already
|-
|už ne
|no longer
|-
|uzavření
|contracting (of marriage)
|}


byli, byly were


být to be
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


bývalý former, the late (deceased)
====V====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|v, ve
|in, on, at
|-
|valach
|ethnic identity, shepherd
|-
|valašský
|Valach (Moravian ethnic group)
|-
|Vás
|you
|-
|Váš
|your
|-
|včera
|yesterday
|-
|včerejší
|yesterday’s
|-
|vdala se
|married (to a man)
|-
|vdaná
|married (woman)
|-
|vdova
|widow
|-
|dova po Jozefovi
|widow of Jozef
|-
|vdovec
|widower
|-
|večer
|in the evening
|-
|vedle
|next to
|-
|věk
|age
|-
|velký
|big, great, large
|-
|velmožný
|magnate
|-
|ves
|village
|-
|vesnice
|village
|-
|vévodství
|duchy
|-
|viz
|see
|-
|vlast
|homeland
|-
|vlastní
|own, real, natural, self
|-
|vlastní jméno
|surname
|-
|vnučka
|granddaughter
|-
|vnuk
|grandson
|-
|voda
|water
|-
|voják
|soldier
|-
|vojenský
|military
|-
|vojsko
|military
|-
|vrchní
|upper
|-
|všechno
|all
|-
|vůbec ne
|not at all
|-
|východ
|east
|-
|vydaný
|published
|-
|vykonal
|performed, did, accomplished
|-
|výměnkář
|pensioner
|-
|výpis
|extract
|-
|výročí
|anniversary
|-
|vysoký
|high, tall
|-
|vyšší
|upper
|-
|vývod
|pedigree
|-
|vyznání
|religion
|-
|vždy
|always
|}


'''C,'''_


_. (_íslo) number
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


_as time
====Z====


_asopis magazine, periodical
'''Z, Ž'''
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
_ást part, portion
|-
 
! scope="col" |Czech
_asto often
! scope="col" |English
 
|-
cech guild
|z, ze
 
|from, of (a place)
celý entire
|-
 
|žadný
census census
|no, none
 
|-
_erný black
|žádost
 
|request
_erven June
|-
 
|zahradník
_ervenec July
|gardener
 
|-
_ervený red
|zákonný
 
|lawful, legal, legitimate
_eský Czech, Bohemian
|-
 
|zámečník
cesta road
|locksmith
 
|-
cestovní pas passport
|zámek
 
|palace
chalupník cottager, poor peasant
|-
 
|zaměstnání
chce he wants
|employment
 
|-
chlap peasant, country fellow
|zánět mozku
 
|encephalitis
chlapec boy
|-
 
|západ
choroba disease
|west
 
|-
cho_ spouse
|zápal plic
 
|pneumonia
cihlá_ brick maker
|-
 
|září
cikán gypsy
|September
 
|-
církev church
|záškrt
 
|diphtheria
císa_ský imperial
|-
 
|zasnoubení
císa_ství empire
|engagement (to marry)
 
|-
cizí foreign, strange
|zasnoubený
 
|betrothed, engaged
cizozemský foreign
|-
 
|zasnoubit - se
_len member
|to become engaged
 
|-
co what
|závěť
 
|will, testament
_trnáct(ý) fourteen (fourteenth)
|-
 
|zde
_tvrtek Thursday
|here
 
|-
_tvrtláník farmer (quarter-land
|zdejší
 
|of this place
holder)
|-
 
|žebrák
_tvrtý fourth
|beggar
 
|-
_ty_i four
|zedník
 
|bricklayer
_ty_icátý fortieth
|-
 
|zelený
_ty_icet forty
|green
 
|-
_ty_i sta four hundred
|země
 
|earth
_ty_stý four hundredth
|-
 
|zemědělec
cukrovka diabetes
|peasant
 
|-
'''D,'''_
|zemřel
 
|died
dan_ taxation
|-
 
|zemské desky
dar donation
|land tablets
 
|-
datum date
|žena
 
|woman, wife
dcera, dcery daughter, daughters
|-
 
|ženatý
děcko child
|married (to a woman)
 
|-
děd (děda, dědek,
|ženich
 
|bridegroom
děde_ek)
|-
 
|ženský
grandfather, old man
|female
 
|-
dědic heir
|žesnul
 
|died
dědictví heritage, inheritance
|-
 
|zeť
dějiny history
|son-in-law
 
|-
děkanát deanery, division of a
|žid, židové
 
|Jew, Jewish
diocese
 
dělník laborer, worker
 
den day
 
desátek tithing
 
desátý tenth
 
deset ten
 
dě_átko little child
 
děti children
 
devadesát(ý) ninety (ninetieth)
 
devatenáct(ý) nineteen (nineteenth)
 
devátý ninth
 
d_v_e (d_v_ina) girl
 
devět nine
 
devět set nine hundred
 
devítistý nine hundredth
 
díl portion, share, volume
 
diecéze diocese
 
dítě child
 
dítěte of the child
 
dívka (dív_ina) girl
 
dle according to
 
dlouhý long
 
dne on the day
 
dnes today
 
dnešní today's
 
do to, into
 
doba time, period
 
dobrý good
 
dodatek supplement, addition
 
doklad document
 
dolní lower
 
doma at home
 
domká_ cottager
 
domovský list residency certificate
 
dopis letter, correspondence
 
d_íve previously
 
d_ív_jší former
 
druhého on the second
 
druhopis duplicate
 
druhý second
 
duben April
 
d_chodce pensioner
 
d_kaz proof
 
d_m house
 
duplikát duplicate
 
dva two
 
dvacátý twentieth
 
dvacátý _tvrtý twenty-fourth
 
dvacátý devátý twenty-ninth
 
dvacátý druhý twenty-second
 
dvacátý osmý twenty-eighth
 
dvacátý pátý twenty-fifth
 
dvacátý první twenty-first
 
dvacátý sedmý twenty-seventh
 
dvacátý šestý twenty-sixth
 
dvacátý t_etí twenty-third
 
dvacet twenty
 
dvacet _ty_i twenty-four
 
dvacet devět twenty-nine
 
dvacet dva twenty-two
 
dvacet jeden twenty-one
 
dvacet osm twenty-eight
 
dvacet pět twenty-five
 
dvacet sedm twenty-seven
 
dvacet šest twenty-six
 
dvacet t_i twenty-three
 
dvanáct(ý) twelve (twelfth)
 
dvě two
 
dvě stě two hundred
 
dvoj_e, dvoj_ata twin, twins
 
dvoustý two hundredth
 
dv_r court
 
'''E'''
 
emigrace emigration
 
erb coat of arms
 
erbovní heraldic
 
erbovnictví heraldry
 
evangelický Evangelical, Lutheran,
 
Protestant
 
'''F'''
 
fara parish
 
fará_ pastor, parish priest
 
farní ú_ad parish office
 
farnost parish
 
'''G'''
 
genealogický strom family tree
 
genealogie genealogy
 
grunt family property
 
gruntovní knihy land records
 
gruntovník farmer, land holder
 
gubernie Russian province
 
'''H'''
 
haví_ coal miner
 
heraldika heraldry
 
historie history
 
hlavní main
 
ho him
 
hodina hour
 
hodný worthy
 
holi_ barber
 
hora mountain, hill
 
hore_ka fever
 
horní upper
 
horník miner
 
hospodá_ farmer (self sustaining)
 
hospodá_ství farm
 
hostinský innkeeper
 
hrad castle
 
hranice border, boundary
 
h_bitov cemetery
 
hrob grave
 
hrn_í_ potter
 
'''I'''
 
i and
 
imigrace immigration
 
informace information
 
'''J'''
 
jak how, as
 
jako as, like
 
jaký what kind of
 
jazyk language
 
je he is, she is, it is
 
jeden, -na, -no a, an, one
 
jedenáct(ý) eleven (eleventh)
 
jediná_ek the only child
 
jeho his, its
 
její her
 
jejich their
 
jen only, just
 
ještě still, yet
 
ještě ne not yet
 
jezero lake
 
jih south
 
jinak té_ alias
 
jindy at another time
 
jiný other, different
 
jitro morning
 
ji_ already
 
jméno given name
 
jmenovit_ that means, namely
 
jsou they are
 
'''K'''
 
k to, for
 
kalendá_ calendar
 
kam to where
 
kameník mason
 
kaple chapel
 
kašel cough
 
katolický Catholic
 
kazatel preacher
 
každý each, every
 
kde where
 
kdo who
 
kdy (když) when
 
kilometr kilometer
 
klášter convent, monastery
 
klempí_ tinsmith
 
kmotr godfather
 
kmotra godmother
 
kmot_i godparents
 
kn_z priest
 
kniha, knihy book, books
 
knihovna library
 
koho whom
 
kojenec suckling
 
kolem about, approximately
 
kominík chimney sweep
 
konec end
 
kone_ný final, last
 
konto account
 
konverze conversion
 
kostel church
 
koupil he bought
 
ková_ smith
 
koželuh tanner
 
kraj region, area
 
král king
 
královna queen
 
královský royal
 
království kingdom
 
-krát times
 
k_e_e cramps, convulsions
 
krej_í tailor (male)
 
k_est christening, baptism
 
k_estní jméno given name
 
k_estní list christening (baptismal) certificate
 
krevní blood relation
 
kronika, kroniky chronicle, chronicles
 
k_t_nec the one christened, baptized
 
k_t_ný christened, baptized
 
k_til have christened, baptized
 
k_tu of the christening
 
k_ty christenings, baptisms
 
krvácení bleeding, hemorrhage
 
který who, which
 
kupec shopkeeper, merchant
 
kumšt trade, occupation
 
kv_ten May
 
'''L'''
 
lán a measure of land
 
laník landholder
 
latinský Latin
 
lázn_ spa, spring, bath
 
leden January
 
léka_ physician
 
les forest, woods
 
lesník forester
 
léta (let) years
 
letopo_et date
 
letos this year
 
levobo_ek illegitimate child
 
levý left
 
lidé (lid) people
 
list certificate, page
 
listina legal document
 
listopad November
 
lo_ ship, boat
 
loni last year
 
lože status of legitimacy, bed
 
lože manželské legitimate
 
lože nemanželské illegitimate
 
'''M'''
 
má he has, she has, it has
 
macecha stepmother
 
ma_arský Hungarian
 
majetek property
 
majetný wealthy, property owning
 
mají they have
 
malí_ painter
 
malý small, little
 
máma (matka, mamka, maminka) mother
 
manžel husband
 
manželé married couple
 
manželka wife
 
manželský legitimate
 
manželství marriage
 
mapa map
 
matrika, matriky vital records, church records, parish registers
 
matrika narozených birth register
 
matrika oddaných marriage register
 
matrika zem_elých death register
 
m_l, -a, -o he had, she had, it had
 
menší lesser, smaller, shorter
 
m_síc month
 
m_š_an burgher, citizen
 
m_sto town, city
 
mezi between
 
místní local
 
místo place, locality
 
místo bydlišt_ place of residence
 
místopisný slovník gazetteer
 
mistr master craftsman
 
mít to have
 
ml. (mladší) younger, junior
 
mládenec young man [starý
 
mládenec = bachelor]
 
mladý young
 
mlýn mill
 
mlyná_ miller
 
modlitba prayer
 
modrý blue
 
moravský Moravian
 
most bridge
 
mrtv_ narozený stillborn
 
mrtvý dead
 
mu to him
 
muž man, husband
 
mužský male
 
myslivec hunter
 
'''N'''
 
na on, at, around
 
náboženství religion
 
nad on the, above, upon
 
nádeník day worker, day laborer
 
náhrobek gravestone
 
nájemník renter
 
nalezenec foundling
 
nám to us
 
nar. birth, was born
 
narodil se was born
 
národní national
 
narození birth
 
narozený born
 
nás us
 
náš (naše) our
 
následující next
 
ne (ne-) no, not
 
nebo or
 
nebo_tík the deceased
 
nedaleko not far from
 
ned_le Sunday
 
nedostatek lack of
 
nejmladší youngest
 
nejstarší oldest, eldest
 
nekatolík non-Catholic
 
nemanželský illegitimate
 
n_mecký German
 
nemluvn_ infant
 
nemoc disease
 
není is not
 
neštovice small pox
 
nete_ niece
 
neuvedeno not mentioned
 
nev_sta bride
 
nevlastní step- (as in stepmother
 
stepsister, and so forth)
 
nevolník vassal, serf
 
nevyskytuje se does not appear
 
nezletilý not of legal age, minor
 
neznámý unknown
 
nic nothing
 
nikdy never
 
nízký low, short
 
niž_í lower
 
noc night
 
novomanželé newlyweds
 
novorozenec newborn
 
nový new
 
nyn_jší this, the present
 
'''O'''
 
o about, concerning
 
oba (ob_) both
 
ob_an citizen
 
ob_anství citizenship
 
obchodník merchant
 
obdržel received
 
obec, obce community, communities
 
oblastní archív regional archive
 
ob_ad rite, ceremony
 
ob_ezání (ob_ízka) circumcision
 
obsah content
 
obuvník shoemaker
 
obyvatel inhabitant, resident, citizen
 
obyvatelstvo population
 
od from, since
 
odbytý performed
 
oddací list marriage certificate
 
oddací matrika marriage register
 
oddaný married
 
oddat to marry
 
oddavky marriage
 
odkud from where
 
odpoledne in the afternoon
 
odpov_d_t to reply
 
ohlášený announced, published
 
ohlášky banns
 
okam_it_ right away, immediately
 
okolo about, around
 
okres district, county
 
on, -a, -o, -i, -y he, she, it, they
 
osada community
 
osm(ý) eight (eighth)
 
osmdesát(ý) eighty (eightieth)
 
osmistý eight hundredth
 
osmnáct(ý) eighteen (eighteenth)
 
osm set eight hundred
 
osoba person
 
osobní personal
 
ot_ím stepfather
 
otec, otcové father, fathers
 
ov_ák shepherd
 
ovdov_lá widowed
 
ovdov_lý widowered
 
ožen_ný married (man)
 
oženil se married a woman
 
'''P'''
 
pacholek farm servant
 
padesát(ý) fifty (fiftieth)
 
pan sir, Mr., Lord
 
paní lady, Mrs.
 
panna maiden, Miss, virgin
 
[stará panna = old
 
maiden, spinster]
 
pastý_ herdsman
 
pátek Friday
 
patnáct(ý) fifteen, fifteenth
 
patrimoniální knihy patrimonial books
 
pátý fifth
 
pe_e_ seal
 
peka_ baker
 
p_stoun foster father
 
p_stounka foster mother
 
p_t five
 
p_tistý five hundredth
 
p_t set five hundred
 
pevnost fortress
 
písa_ scribe
 
plnoletnost age of consent, legal age, majority
 
plnoletý of legal age
 
plný full, complete
 
po (potom) after
 
pobyt residence
 
pochovat buried
 
pod under
 
poddaný serf
 
podepsaný the undersigned
 
podle according to
 
podobný similar
 
podpis signature
 
podpora assistance
 
podruh farm laborer
 
pohlaví gender, sex
 
poh_bený buried
 
poh_eb, poh_by burial, burials
 
pohrobek posthumous child
 
pok_t_ný christened
 
pok_til have christened, baptized
 
poledne noon
 
polský Polish
 
pomoc help
 
pond_lí Monday
 
popálenina burn
 
popis description
 
poplatek fee, cost
 
populace population
 
porod childbirth, labor
 
porodní bába midwife
 
poru_ník guardian
 
poslední final, last
 
poslední pomazání last rites
 
poslední v_le last will, testament
 
potok stream
 
potomek descendant
 
povolání occupation, profession
 
povolení permission
 
požehnání blessing
 
pozemkové knihy land books
 
poznámky remarks
 
poz_stalý left behind, surviving
 
pra- greatprabába
 
(prababi_ka) great-grandmother
 
pracovitý diligent, hard working
 
prad_da (prad_de_ek) great-grandfather
 
prarodi_e grandparents
 
prastrýc great uncle
 
prateta great aunt
 
pravd_podobn_ in all likelihood, probably
 
právní legal
 
právo law
 
pravoslavný orthodox
 
pravý right, true
 
pražský pertaining to Prague
 
p_ed before, in front of
 
p_edek ancestor
 
p_edešlý previous
 
p_edev_írem day before yesterday
 
p_edtím before
 
p_esn_ exactly
 
p_ibli_ný approximate
 
p_íbuzný related, relative
 
p_í_ina cause, reason
 
p_íjmení surname, last name
 
p_íslušnost relationship
 
p_íslušný appropriate
 
p_íští next
 
p_ítel friend (male)
 
p_ítelkyn_ friend (female)
 
p_ítomnost presence
 
p_ízvisko surname
 
pro for
 
pro_ why
 
prohlášení statement
 
prosba request
 
prosíme we request
 
prosinec December
 
protestantský Protestant
 
proti against
 
proto_e because
 
provdala se she married
 
pr_jem diarrhea
 
pruský Prussian
 
první first
 
prvorozený firstborn
 
prý said to be
 
psát to write
 
p_l half
 
p_lláník farmer (half-land holder)
 
p_lnoc midnight
 
p_vod origin, parentage
 
'''R,'''_
 
r. (roku) year
 
radnice city hall
 
rakouský Austrian
 
rakovina cancer
 
ráno in the morning
 
rejst_ík list, index
 
_eka river
 
_emeslník tradesman
 
_emeslo trade
 
rešerše genealogical research
 
_ezník butcher
 
_íjen October
 
_ímsko-katolický Roman Catholic
 
robotník laborer, vassal
 
ro_. (ro_ník) year (of book)
 
roce year
 
ro_ní annual
 
rod family, clan, descent,
 
lineage
 
rodem maiden name
 
rodi_, rodi_e parent, parents
 
rodina family
 
rodišt_ birthplace
 
rodná matrika birth register
 
rodné jméno surname
 
rodný list birth certificate
 
rodokmen pedigree, family tree,
 
lineage
 
rodopis genealogy
 
rok year
 
roky (rok_) years
 
rolník peasant
 
rovn__ also, too
 
roz. (rozená) maiden name
 
rozvedený divorced
 
rozvod divorce
 
ruský Russian, Ruthenian,
 
Ukrainian
 
r_zný various
 
rybá_ fisherman
 
rychtá_ village magistrate
 
rynek marketplace
 
rytí_ knight
 
'''S''', '''Š'''
 
s, se with
 
samota hamlet
 
s_ítání lidu census
 
sd_lení report
 
sd_lujeme Vám we inform you
 
šedesát(ý) sixty (sixtieth)
 
sedlák farmer (large farm)
 
sedm(ý) seven (seventh)
 
sedmdesát(ý) seventy (seventieth)
 
sedmistý seven hundredth
 
sedmnáct(ý) seventeen (seventeenth)
 
sedm set seven hundred
 
šenký_ tavern keeper
 
šest(ý) six (sixth)
 
šestistý six hundredth
 
šestnáct(ý) sixteen (sixteenth)
 
sestra sister
 
sest_enice cousin (female)
 
šestset six hundred
 
sever north
 
seznam list, index, directory
 
sice namely, or
 
sirotek (sirota) orphan
 
škola school
 
slabost weakness, sickness
 
slabý weak
 
slavný famous
 
šlechta nobility
 
šlechtic nobleman
 
sle_na miss
 
slezský Silesian
 
slovenský Slovak
 
slovník dictionary
 
sluha servant (male)
 
služba service
 
služka (služebná) servant (female)
 
smlouva contract, agreement
 
smrt death
 
snacha daughter-in-law
 
snad perhaps
 
s_atek, s_atky marriage, marriages
 
snoubenec fiancé, betrothed, groom
 
snoubenka fiancée, betrothed, bride
 
sobota Saturday
 
souchotiny consumption
 
soud court
 
soudce judge
 
souhlas consent
 
sourozenci siblings; brothers and
 
sisters
 
soused, sousedé neighbor, neighbors
 
spála scarlet fever
 
spalni_ky measles
 
spole_n_ together
 
spole_nost society
 
srpen August
 
stará panna old maid, spinster
 
staroba old age
 
starosta mayor
 
starší older, elder, senior
 
starý old
 
starý mládenec bachelor
 
stát state
 
statek farm
 
státní matriky civil registry
 
stav marital status, condition
 
sto hundred
 
stola_ cabinet maker
 
století century
 
str. (strana) page, side
 
st_ed, -ní central, middle, average
 
st_eda Wednesday
 
strýc uncle
 
stý one hundredth
 
sv. (svazek) volume, number
 
švadlena seamstress
 
švagr brother-in-law
 
švagrová sister-in-law
 
svatba wedding
 
svatební marital, of marriage
 
svatební oznámení wedding announcement
 
svátek holiday
 
svatý holy
 
švec shoemaker
 
sv_dek witness
 
svobodný unmarried, single
 
svolení consent
 
sv_j, svá, své his own, her own
 
syn, synové son, sons
 
synagóga synagogue
 
synovec nephew
 
'''T,'''_
 
tady here
 
tak zvaný so called
 
také also
 
tam there
 
tam_jší of that place
 
táta (tatík, ta_ka,
 
tatínek)
 
father
 
tchán father-in-law
 
tchýn_ mother-in-law
 
t_hotenství pregnancy
 
t_hotná pregnant
 
tesa_ carpenter
 
teta aunt
 
tisíc(í) one thousand (one
 
thousandth)
 
titul title
 
tkadlec weaver
 
to it, this
 
tohoto roku of the current year
 
tolik so much, as much
 
tovaryš journeymen
 
t_etí third
 
trh (tr_išt_) market
 
t_i three
 
t_icátý thirtieth
 
t_icet thirty
 
t_ináct(ý) thirteen (thirteenth)
 
t_i sta three hundred
 
t_ístý three hundredth
 
truhlá_ cabinetmaker
 
tu here
 
tuberkulóza tuberculosis
 
týden week
 
týdny weeks
 
tyfus b_išní typhoid fever
 
'''U'''
 
u at, in
 
ubohý poor
 
u_edník (u_e_) apprentice
 
u_itel teacher
 
údaj information
 
údolí valley
 
uherský Hungarian
 
uhlí_ coal man
 
ukrajinský Ukrainian
 
ul. (ulice) street, road
 
uložený deposited
 
úmluva contract, agreement
 
um_el died
 
um_ít to die
 
úmrtí death
 
úmrtní list death certificate
 
úmrtní matrika death register
 
únor February
 
úplavice dysentery
 
ú_ad office
 
ú_edník clerk, officer
 
urozený of noble birth
 
usedlík settler
 
ústní verbal, oral
 
úterý Tuesday
 
uveden known
 
už already
 
už ne no longer
 
uzav_ení contracting (of marriage)
 
'''V'''
 
v, ve in, on, at
 
valach ethnic identity, shepherd
 
Vás you
 
Váš your
 
v_era yesterday
 
v_erejší yesterday’s
 
vdala se married a man
 
vdaná married (woman)
 
vdova widow
 
vdova po Jozefovi widow of Jozef
 
vdovec widower
 
ve_er in the evening
 
vedle next to
 
v_k age
 
velký big, great, large
 
velmo_ný magnate
 
ves village
 
vesnice village
 
vévodství duchy
 
viz see
 
vlast homeland
 
vlastní own, real, natural, self
 
vlastní jméno surname
 
vnu_ka granddaughter
 
vnuk grandson
 
voda water
 
voják soldier
 
vojenský military
 
vojsko military
 
vrchní upper
 
všechno all
 
v_bec ne not at all
 
východ east
 
vydaný published
 
vykonal performed, did,
 
accomplished
 
vým_nká_ pensioner
 
výpis extract
 
výro_í anniversary
 
vysoký high, tall
 
vyšší upper
 
vývod pedigree
 
vyznání religion
 
vždy always
 
'''Z,'''_
 
z, ze from, of (a place)
 
žadný no, none
 
žádost request
 
zahradník gardener
 
zákonný lawful, legal, legitimate
 
záme_ník locksmith
 
zámek palace
 
zam_stnání employment
 
západ west
 
zápal plic pneumonia
 
zá_í September
 
záškrt diphtheria
 
zasnoubení engagement (to marry)
 
zasnoubený betrothed, engaged
 
zasnoubit se to become engaged
 
záv__ will, testament
 
zde here
 
zdejší of this place
 
žebrák beggar
 
zedník bricklayer
 
zelený green
 
země earth
 
zem_d_lec peasant
 
zem_el died
 
zemské desky land tablets
 
žena woman, wife
 
ženatý married (man)
 
ženich bridegroom
 
ženský female
 
žesnul died
 
ze_ son-in-law
 
žid, židové Jew, Jewish
 
židovský Jewish
 
žijící living
 
zítra tomorrow
 
život life
 
životopis biography
 
žloutenka jaundice
 
zni_ení destruction
 
znovu again
 
zvaný called, also known as,
 
alias, named
 
=== Numbers ===
 
In some genealogical records, numbers are spelled out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form with a possessive grammatical ending. In the following list, the ordinal number in its standard form is given first, followed by the possessive form (in some cases only the possessive ending is listed):
 
pátý the fifth
 
pátého on the fifth (of the month)
 
=== Cardinal Ordinal ===
 
1 jeden, jedna, jedno 1st první, prvního
 
2 dva, dvě 2nd druhý, druhého
 
3 t_i 3rd t_etí, t_etího
 
4 _ty_i 4th _tvrtý, _tvrtého
 
5 pět 5th pátý, pátého
 
6 šest 6th šestý, šestého
 
7 sedm 7th sedmý, sedmého
 
8 osm 8th osmý, osmého
 
9 devět 9th devátý, devátého
 
10 deset 10th desátý, desátého
 
11 jedenáct 11th jedenáctý, -ého
 
12 dvanáct 12th dvanáctý, -ého
 
13 t_ináct 13th t_ináctý, -ého
 
14 _trnáct 14th _trnáctý, -ého
 
15 patnáct 15th patnáctý, -ého
 
16 šestnáct 16th šestnáctý, -ého
 
17 sedmnáct 17th sedmnáctý, -ého
 
18 osmnáct 18th osmnáctý, -ého
 
19 devatenáct 19th devatenáctý, -ého
 
20 dvacet 20th dvacátý, -ého
 
21 dvacet jeden, -jedna,-jedno
 
21st dvacátý první, dvacátého prvního
 
22 dvacet dva 22nd dvacátý druhý, dvacátého druhého
 
23 dvacet t_i 23rd dvacátý t_etí, dvacátého t_etího
 
24 dvacet _ty_i 24th dvacátý _tvrtý, dvacátého _tvrtého
 
25 dvacet pět 25th dvacátý pátý, dvacátého pátého
 
26 dvacet šest 26th dvacátý šestý,dvacátého šestého
 
27 dvacet sedm 27th dvacátý sedmý, dvacátého sedmého
 
28 dvacet osm 28th dvacátý osmý, dvacátého osmého
 
29 dvacet dev_t 29th dvacátý devátý, dvacátého devátého
 
30 t_icet 30th t_icátý, t_icátého
 
40 _ty_icet 40th _ty_icátý, -ého
 
50 padesát 50th padesátý, -ého
 
60 šedesát 60th šedesátý, -ého
 
70 sedmdesát 70th sedmdesátý, -ého
 
80 osmdesát 80th osmdesátý, -ého
 
90 devadesát 90th devadesátý, -ého
 
100 sto 100th stý, -ého
 
200 dvěstě 200th dvoustý, -ého
 
300 t_ista 300th t_ístý, -ého
 
400 _ty_ista 400th _ty_stý, -ého
 
500 p_tset 500th p_tistý, -ého
 
600 šestset 600th šestistý, -ého
 
700 sedmset 700th sedmistý, -ého
 
800 osmset 800th osmistý, -ého
 
900 devětset 900th devítistý, -ého
 
1000 tisíc 1000th tisící, -ího
 
=== Date and Time ===
 
To understand Czech dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding “Numbers” section. In Czech records, dates are occasionally spelled out. Dates are usually given with possessive grammatical endings:
 
* ''dvacátého osmého srpna jeden tisíc osm set''
* ''padesát dva''[on the twenty-eighth of August one thousand eight hundred fifty and two (28 August 1852)]
 
=== Months of the Year ===
 
Czech dates are always given in day-month-year order. Months are often abbreviated using a Roman numeral. For example, 25 February 1848 could be written:
 
25. února 1848
 
25. 2. 1848
 
25. II. 1848
 
The months listed below are shown in their standard form and in the possessive form used in writing dates:
 
'''Czech English'''
 
I leden, ledna January
 
II únor, února February
 
III b_ezen, b_ezna March
 
IV duben, dubna April
 
V květen, kvě_tna May
 
VI _erven, _ervna June
 
VII _ervenec, _ervence July
 
VIII srpen, srpna August
 
IX zá_í September
 
X _íjen, _íjna October
 
XI listopad, listopadu November
 
XII prosinec, prosince December
 
=== Days of the Week ===
 
'''Czech English'''
 
neděle Sunday
 
pondělí Monday
 
úterý Tuesday
 
st_eda Wednesday
 
_tvrtek Thursday
 
pátek Friday
 
sobota Saturday
 
=== Times of the Day ===
 
Czech records may indicate the exact time when the birth, marriage, or death occurred. This is usually spelled out.
 
{| class="listing"
|-
|-
| Czech<br>
|židovský
| English<br>
|Jewish
| v deset hodin <br>
| at 10 o’clock <br>
|-
|-
| ráno <br>
|žijící
| in the morning <br>
|living
|-
|-
| dopoledne <br>
|zítra
| forenoon <br>
|tomorrow
|-
|-
| poledne / v poledne <br>
|život
| noon <br>
|life
|-
|-
| odpoledne <br>
|životopis
| afternoon <br>
|biography
|-
|-
| ve_er <br>
|zkoušená
| in the evening <br>
|tested
|-
|-
| v noci <br>
|žloutenka
| at night <br>
|jaundice
|-
|-
| p_lnoc / o p_lnoci <br>
|zničení
| midnight <br>
|destruction
|-
|-
| <br>
|znovu
| <br>
|again
|}
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


[[Category:Czech]]
[[Category:Czechia Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Word_List]]

Latest revision as of 11:34, 12 June 2024

Czech Genealogical
Word List
Map of Czech Speaking Areas.png
Downloadable Word List
Handwriting Help
Associated Countries

Introduction

The Czech Genealogical Word List contains Czech words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Czech ancestors. Click here for the PDF version of the Czech Genealogical Word List.

If the word (or some form of it) you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Czech-English dictionary. See the Additional Resources section below.

Czech is a Slavic language derived from the West Slavic language family. Czech is related to Slovak and Polish and is used in the genealogical sources throughout Czechia. Czech is the language of Czechia and was the official language in the Czech lands of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the former Czechoslovakia. In addition, the Czech language may be found in the records of Czech communities in the United States, Canada, and other areas settled by Czechs.

Before 1918, the Czech lands were provinces of Austria, which, together with Hungary, constituted the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Records written before 1918 may be in German, Latin, or Czech. Czech records often contain German and Latin words. See the German Genealogical Word List and the Latin Genealogical Word List.

For Bohemian-German words, also consult Sudetendeutches Wörterbuch: Wörterbuch der Deutschen Mundarten in Böhmen und Mähren-Schlesien (not all volumes are available).

For explanations of the different peasant occupations in Czech records, consult Peasant Levels & Occupations.

Language Characteristics

Variant Forms of Words

In Czech, the forms of most words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who, whose, whom, or marry, marries, married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Czech, any word may have different forms, depending on how it is used. This word list gives the standard form of each Czech word. The endings of Czech words in a document often differ from what you find in this list.

Surnames

Surnames will have the added ending -ová or if the person referred to is female:

Surname
Novák
Pleva
Novotný

+ female ending
Nováková
Plevová
Novotná

Gender

Czech words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe the singular and plural forms of Czech words must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings:

starý muž
stará žena
staré město

old man
old woman
old city

staří muži
staré ženy
stará města

old men
old women
old cities

This word list gives only the singular masculine form of adjectives. Thus, starý, stará, staré, and staří (all forms of “old”) are listed here as starý.

The endings of past tense verbs also change, depending on the gender and number of the subject:

narodil se
narodila se
narodilo se
narodili(y) se

he was born
she was born
it (the child) was born
they were born

This word list gives only the narodil se (“he was born”) form of the past tense verb. You can conclude that narodila se means “she was born,” etc.

Plurals

Plural forms of Czech words usually change the singular word:

Words ending in -a change to -y:
žena woman / wife ženy women / wives

Words ending in -o change to -a:
město city města cities

Words ending in -e and do not change:
ulice street ulice streets

Words ending in a consonant add -y. A few words add -i, -ové, or -e to form the plural:

list
muž

page
man

listy
muži

pages
men

The plural form may change the basic word:

dítě
bratr
zámek

child
brother
palace

děti
bratři
zámky

children
brothers
palaces

Grammatical Use

The endings of Czech words can also vary, depending on the grammatical use of the words. Czech grammar requires a different ending for a word used as a subject, a possessive, an object, or with a preposition. Czech words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Certain possessive endings give the meaning “of” to a word.

  • Nouns change the endings to show possession.

Nouns ending with a consonant add -a or -e:

bratr
muž

brother
man

bratra
muže

of brother
of man

Nouns ending with -a add -y:
sestra sister sestry of sister

Nouns ending with -o add -a:
město city města of city

Plural masculine nouns change to :
muži husbands mužů of husbands

Plural feminine or neuter nouns drop the last vowel:
ženy wife žen of wives

  • Adjectives change the endings to show possession.

Adjectives ending in change to -ého:
narozený born narozeného of the born

Adjectives ending in change to :
křtěná baptized křtěné of the baptized

Adjectives ending in change to -ého:
neznámé unknown neznámého of the unknown

Adjectives ending in change to -ího:
první first prvního of the first

Plural adjectives ending in or add -ch:

zemřelý
erbovní

deceased
heraldic

zemřelých
erbovních

of the deceased
of the heraldic

These examples show some endings in context:

Syn zemřelého Josefa Nováka a Anny Plevové means “son of the deceased Josef Novák and of Anna Plevová (Pleva).”

Manželství mezi Karlem Václavem Havlem a Barborou Marií Kozárovou means “marriage between Karel Václav Havel and Barbora Marie Kozárová (Kozár).”

For charts of Czech patterns of declension see this article on Wikipedia.

In genealogical sources surnames may also be spelled in the language of the the text. In German text, Czech surnames may be spelled according to German phonetics. So Černý may be spelled Tscherny. Or, German names can be spelled in Czech phonetics, so Schmidt may be spelled Šmid. Surnames can also be translated into the language of the text. Smith, for example could be translated as Schmidt (German), Kovař (Czech), Kovács (Hungarian), or Faber (Latin).

Prepositions

Prepositions also change the grammatical case of the word(s) following them. Some of the most common prepositions you may encounter in genealogical records are:

z or ze means from > followed by genitive case

u means nearby (often used in place names) > followed by genitive case

s or se means with > followed by instrumental case

v or ve means in > followed by locative case

po means after, but also used in the sense of widow of > followed by locative case

mezi means between > followed by instrumental case

nad means above (often used in place names) > followed by instrumental case

pod means below > followed by instrumental case

před means before > followed by instrumental case


Alphabetical Order

Written Czech uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet: á, č, ď, é, ě, í, ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ,ú, ů, ý, ž. The letter combination ch is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after h. Letters q, w, and x are used only in words of foreign origin. Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:

a,á b c,č d,ď e,é,ě f g h ch i,í j k l m n,ň o,ó p (q) r,ř s,š t,ť u,ú,ů v (w) (x) y,ý z,ž

This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. However, when you work with alphabetized Czech records, use the Czech alphabetical order.

Spelling

Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. In Czech, the following spelling variations are common:

i, y and j used interchangeably
s and z used interchangeably
w used for v
rz used for ř
sz used for š
cz used for č

In Czech words are pronounced as they are written.


Additional Resources

  • Czechia Reading Aids Translated examples of birth, marriage, and death records, both civil registration and church records, in both German and Czech.


This word list includes the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Czech-English dictionary. Several are available at the FamilySearch Library in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 491.86321. The following dictionary is helpful when you do genealogical research and is available through most bookstores which carry Czech books:

  • Fronek, Josef. Anglicko-český, česko-anglický slovník. (English-Czech, Czech-English dictionary). Praha: Leda, 2003, c1998. (FS Library book 491.86321)

The following dictionary is also available on microfilm and microfiche for use in FamilySearch Centers:

  • Cheshire, Harold T. Česko-anglický slovník. (Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: J. Otto, 1935. (FS Library book 491.86321 C424c; film 1181683 item 1-2; fiche 6001286-6001287).

Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the FamilySearch Catalog under CZECH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under CZECH REPUBLIC—LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES. These include other dictionaries and language helps, such as Czech grammar books.

You could also use an online translator such as Google translate.

Key Words

In order to find and use specific types of Czech records, you will need to know some key words in Czech. This section gives key genealogical terms in English with Czech translations. For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Czech words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Czech records to indicate marriage.

English Czech
baptism, baptisms křest, křty, křestní, křtít, křtil, pokřtil
birth, births narození, narozený, rodný, narodil se
burial, burials pohřeb, pohřby
Catholic římsko-katolický
census sčítání lidu
child dítě, děcko, děťátko
christenings (see baptism)
civil registry státní matriky
day den
death, deaths úmrtí, smrt, úmrtní, umřel, zemřít, zemřel, zesnul, skonal
father otec, otcové, otce, táta, taťka, tatík, tatínek
husband manžel, choť, muž
index seznam, rejstřík, index
Jewish židovský
marriage, marriages sňatek, sňatky, manželství, svatba, oddavky, oddací, oddaný, oddat, oženil se (man), vdala se (woman)
military vojsko, vojenský
month měsíc
mother matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka
name, given (křestní) jméno
name, surname příjmení, rodné jméno, vlastní jméno
parent, parents rodič, rodiče
parish farnost, fara
Protestant protestantský, evangelický
week týden
wife manželka, choť, žena
year rok

Numbers

In some genealogical records, numbers are spelled out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form with a possessive grammatical ending. In the following list, the ordinal number in its standard form is given first, followed by the possessive form (in some cases only the possessive ending is listed):

pátý - the fifth pátého - on the fifth (of the month)

Cardinal Ordinal

1 jeden, jedna, jedno 1st první, prvního
2 dva, dvě 2nd druhý, druhého
3 tři 3rd třetí, třetího
4 čtyři 4th čtvrtý, čtvrtého
5 pět 5th pátý, pátého
6 šest 6th šestý, šestého
7 sedm 7th sedmý, sedmého
8 osm 8th osmý, osmého
9 devět 9th devátý, devátého
10 deset 10th desátý, desátého
11 jedenáct 11th jedenáctý, -ého
12 dvanáct 12th dvanáctý, -ého
13 třináct 13th třináctý, -ého
14 čtrnáct 14th čtrnáctý, -ého
15 patnáct 15th patnáctý, -ého
16 šestnáct 16th šestnáctý, -ého
17 sedmnáct 17th sedmnáctý, -ého
18 osmnáct 18th osmnáctý, -ého
19 devatenáct 19th devatenáctý, -ého
20 dvacet 20th dvacátý, -ého
21 dvacet jeden, -jedna, -jedno 21st dvacátý první, dvacátého prvního
22 dvacet dva 22nd dvacátý druhý, dvacátého druhého
23 dvacet tři 23rd dvacátý třetí, dvacátého třetího
24 dvacet čtyři 24th dvacátý čtvrtý, dvacátého čtvrtého
25 dvacet pět 25th dvacátý pátý, dvacátého pátého
26 dvacet šest 26th dvacátý šestý,dvacátého šestého
27 dvacet sedm 27th dvacátý sedmý, dvacátého sedmého
28 dvacet osm 28th dvacátý osmý, dvacátého osmého
29 dvacet devět 29th dvacátý devátý, dvacátého devátého
30 třicet 30th třicátý, třicátého
40 čtyřicet 40th čtyřicátý, -ého
50 padesát 50th padesátý, -ého
60 šedesát 60th šedesátý, -ého
70 sedmdesát 70th sedmdesátý, -ého
80 osmdesát 80th osmdesátý, -ého
90 devadesát 90th devadesátý, -ého
100 sto 100th stý, -ého
200 dvěstě 200th dvoustý, -ého
300 třista 300th třístý, -ého
400 čtyřista 400th čtyřistý, -ého
500 pětset 500th pětistý, -ého
600 šestset 600th šestistý, -ého
700 sedmset 700th sedmistý, -ého
800 osmset 800th osmistý, -ého
900 devětset 900th devítistý, -ého
1000 tisíc 1000th tisící, -ího

Date and Time

To understand Czech dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding “Numbers” section. In Czech records, dates are occasionally spelled out. Dates are usually given with possessive grammatical endings:

  • dvacátého osmého srpna, jeden tisíc osm set padesát dva
  • [on the twenty-eighth of August, one thousand eight hundred fifty and two] 28 August 1852

Months of the Year

Czech dates are always given in day-month-year order. Months are often abbreviated using a Roman numeral.

For example, 25 February 1848 could be written as:
25. února 1848
25. 2. 1848
25. II. 1848

The months listed below are shown in their standard form and in the possessive form used in writing dates:

Roman Numeral Czech English
I leden, ledna January
II únor, února February
III březen, března March
IV duben, dubna April
V květen, května May
VI červen, června June
VII červenec, července July
VIII srpen, srpna August
IX září September
X říjen, října October
XI listopad, listopadu November
XII prosinec, prosince December

Days of the Week

Czech English
neděle Sunday
pondělí Monday
úterý Tuesday
středa Wednesday
čtvrtek Thursday
pátek Friday
sobota Saturday

Times of the Day

Czech records may indicate the exact time when the birth, marriage, or death occurred. This is usually spelled out.

Czech English
v deset hodin at 10 o’clock
ráno in the morning
dopoledne forenoon
poledne/ v poledne noon
odpoledne afternoon
večer in the evening
v noci at night
půlnoc/ o půlnoci midnight

General Word List

This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. In this list, optional versions of Czech words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Some Czech phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Czech word, not the first word, of the phrase. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.

Czech English

A

Czech English
a and
A. C. Augsburg Confession
A. V. Augsburské vzynání, Augsburg Confesson
aby so that
adoptovaný adopted
adresář directory
ale but
ani not even
archív archive
asi perhaps, about, maybe, circa
atd. and so forth


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

B

Czech English
bába (babina, babička) grandmother (also used for midwife)
badatel researcher
bakalář student
baráčník cottager
barvíř dyer
běhavka diarrhea
běloruský Belorussian
berní ruly tax lists
bez without
bezdětný childless
bezejmenný unnamed, nameless
bílý white
biřmování confirmations
biskup bishop
blízký near
blížně, blížěňata twin, twins
bojiště, na bojišti battlefield, on the battlefield
bolest pain
Boží the Lord’s
bratr, bratři brother, brothers
bratranec cousin (male)
březen March
bude he will, she will, it will
budou they will
Bůh the Lord
bydlící residing
bydliště residence
byl, byla, bylo was
byli, byly were
být to be
bývalý former, the late (deceased)


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

C

C, Č

Czech English
číslo number
cajkař weaver
čas time
časopis magazine, periodical
část part, portion
často often
cech guild
čeledín groom (person employed to clean/look after horses)
celý entire
census census
černý black
červen June
červenec July
červený red
Český Czech, Bohemian
cesta road
cestář road-mender, wayman
cestovní pas passport
chalupník cottager, poor peasant
chce he wants
chlap peasant, country fellow
chlapec boy
choroba disease
choť spouse
cihlář brick maker
cikán gypsy
církev church
císařský imperial
císařství empire
cizí foreign, strange
číslo běžně running number (as in a list)
číslo domu house number
cizozemský foreign
člen member
co what
čtrnáct(ý) fourteen (fourteenth)
čtvrtek Thursday
čtvrtláník farmer (quarter-land holder)
čtvrtý fourth
čtyři four
čtyřicátý fortieth
čtyřicet forty
čtyři sta four hundred
čtyřstý four hundredth
cukrovka diabetes


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

D

Czech English
daně taxation
dar donation
datum date
dcera, dcery daughter, daughters
děcko child
děd (děda, dědek, dědeček) grandfather, old man
dědic heir
dědictví heritage, inheritance
dějiny history
děkanát deanery, division of a diocese
dělník laborer, worker
den day
desátek tithing, a tenth
desátý tenth
deset ten
děťátko little child
děti children
devadesát(ý) ninety (ninetieth)
devatenáct(ý) nineteen (nineteenth)
devátý ninth
děvče (děvčina) girl
devět nine
devět set nine hundred
devítistý nine hundredth
díl portion, share, volume
diecéze diocese
dítě child
dítěte of the child
dívka (dívčina) girl
dle according to
dlouhý long
dne on the day
dnes today
dnešní today's
do to, into
doba time, period
dobrý good
dodatek supplement, addition
doklad document
dolní lower
doma at home
domkář cottager
domovský list residency certificate
dopis letter, correspondence
dříve previously
dřívější former
druhého on the second
druhopis duplicate
druhý second
duben April
Duch (po svatém Duchu) spirit (after Pentecost)
důchodce pensioner
důkaz proof
dům house
duplikát duplicate
dva two
dvacátý twentieth
dvacátý čtvrtý twenty-fourth
dvacátý devátý twenty-ninth
dvacátý druhý twenty-second
dvacátý osmý twenty-eighth
dvacátý pátý twenty-fifth
dvacátý první twenty-first
dvacátý sedmý twenty-seventh
dvacátý šestý twenty-sixth
dvacátý třetí twenty-third
dvacet twenty
dvacet čtyři twenty-four
dvacet devět twenty-nine
dvacet dva twenty-two
dvacet jeden twenty-one
dvacet osm twenty-eight
dvacet pět twenty-five
dvacet sedm twenty-seven
dvacet šest twenty-six
dvacet tři twenty-three
dvanáct(ý) twelve (twelfth)
dvě two
dvě stě two hundred
dvojče, dvojčata twin, twins
dvoustý two hundredth
dvůr court


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

E

Czech English
emigrace emigration
erb coat of arms
erbovní heraldic
erbovnictví heraldry
evangelický Evangelical, Lutheran, Protestant


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

F

Czech English
fara parish
farář pastor, parish priest
farní úřad parish office
farnost parish


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

G

FOREIGN LANGUAGE English
genealogický strom family tree
genealogie genealogy
grunt family property
gruntovní knihy land records
gruntovník farmer, land holder
gubernie Russian province


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

H

Czech English
H.C. Helvetic Confession (vzynání)
havíř coal miner
hejtmanství political district
heraldika heraldry
historie history
hlavní main
ho him
hodina hour
hodný worthy
holič barber
hora mountain, hill
horečka fever
horní upper
horník miner
hospodář farmer (self sustaining)
hospodářství farm
hostinský innkeeper
hrad castle
hranice border, boundary
hřbitov cemetery
hrob grave
hrnčíř potter


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

I

Czech Englishsor
i and
imigrace immigration
informace information


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

J

Czech English
jak how, as
jako as, like
jaký what kind of
jazyk language
je he is, she is, it is
jeden, -na, -no a, an, one
jedenáct(ý) eleven (eleventh)
jedináček the only child
jeho his, its
její her
jejich their
jen only, just
ještě still, yet
ještě ne not yet
jezero lake
jih south
jinak též alias
jindy at another time
jiný other, different
jitro morning
již already
jméno name, given name= křestní jméno
jmenovitě that means, namely
jsou they are
Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

K

Czech English
k to, for
kalendář calendar
kam to where
kameník mason
kaple chapel
kašel cough
katolický Catholic
kazatel preacher
každý each, every
kde where
kdo who
kdy (když) when
kilometr kilometer
klášter convent, monastery
klempíř tinsmith
kmotr godfather
kmotra godmother
kmotři godparents
kněz priest
kniha, knihy book, books
knihovna library
koho whom
kojenec suckling
kolem about, approximately
kominík chimney sweep
konec end
konečný final, last
konto account
konverze conversion
kostel church
koupil he bought
kovář smith
koželuh tanner
kraj region, area
král king
královna queen
královský royal
království kingdom
krát times
křeče cramps, convulsions
krejčí tailor (male)
křest christening, baptism
křestní jméno given name
křestní list christening (baptismal) certificate
krevní blood relation
kronika, kroniky chronicle, chronicles
křtřnec the one christened, baptized
křtěný christened, baptized
křtícího of the baptizer
křtil have christened, baptized
křtu of the christening
křty christenings, baptisms
krvácení bleeding, hemorrhage
který who, which
kupec shopkeeper, merchant
kumšt trade, occupation
květen May


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

L

Czech English
lán a measure of land
laník landholder
latinský Latin
lázně spa, spring, bath
leden January
lékař physician
les forest, woods
lesník forester
leštiř skla polisher of glass
léta (let) years
letopočet date
letos this year
levoboček illegitimate child
levý left
lidé (lid) people
list certificate, page
listina legal document
listopad November
loď ship, boat
loni last year
lože status of legitimacy, bed
lože manželské legitimate
lože nemanželské illegitimate


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

M

Czech English
he has, she has, it has
macecha stepmother
maďarský Hungarian
majetek property
majetný wealthy, property owning
mají they have
malíř painter
malý small, little
máma (matka, mamka, maminka) mother
manžel husband
manželé married couple
manželka wife
manželský legitimate
manželství marriage
mapa map
matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka mother
matrika, matriky vital records, church records, parish registers
matrika narozených birth register
matrika oddaných marriage register
matrika zemřelých death register
měl, -a, -o he had, she had, it had
menší lesser, smaller, shorter
měsíc month
měščan burgher, citizen
měsťan burgher, citizen
město town, city
mezi between
místní local
místo place, locality
místo bydliště place of residence
místopisný slovník gazetteer
mistr master craftsman
mít to have
ml. (mladší) younger, junior
mládenec young man
starý mládenec bachelor
mladý young
mlýn mill
mlynář miller
modlitba prayer
modrý blue
moravský Moravian
most bridge
mrtvě narozený stillborn
mrtvý dead
mu to him
muž man, husband
mužský male
myslivec hunter


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

N

Czech English
na on, at, around
náb. religion
náboženství religion
nad on the, above, upon
nádeník day worker, day laborer
náhrobek gravestone
nájemník renter, tenant
nalezenec foundling
nám to us
nar. birth, was born
narodil se was born
národní national
narození birth
narozený born
nás us
náš (naše) our
následující next
ne (ne-) no, not
nebo or
nebožtík the deceased
nedaleko not far from
neděle Sunday
nedostatek lack of
nejmladší youngest
nejstarší oldest, eldest
nekatolík non-Catholic
nemanželský illegitimate
německý German
nemluvně infant
nemoc disease
není is not
neštovice small pox
neteř niece
neuvedeno not mentioned
nevěsta bride
nevlastní step- (as in stepmother, stepsister, and so forth)
nevolník vassal, serf
nevyskytuje se does not appear
nezletilý not of legal age, minor
neznámý unknown
nic nothing
nikdy never
nízký low, short
nižší lower
noc night
novomanželé newlyweds
novorozenec newborn
nový new
nynější this, the present


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

O

Czech English
o about, concerning
oba (obě) both
občan citizen
občanství citizenship
obchodník merchant
obdržel received
obec, obce community, communities
oblastní archív regional archive
obřad rite, ceremony
obřezání (obřízka) circumcision
obsah content
obuvník shoemaker
obyvatel inhabitant, resident, citizen
obyvatelstvo population
od from, since
odbytý performed
oddací list marriage certificate
oddací matrika marriage register
oddaný married
oddat to marry
oddavky marriage
odkud from where
odpoledne in the afternoon
odpovědět to reply
ohlášený announced, published
ohlášky banns
okamžitě right away, immediately
okolo about, around
okres district, county
on, -a, -o, -i, -y he, she, it, they
osada community
osm(ý) eight (eighth)
osmdesát(ý) eighty (eightieth)
osmistý eight hundredth
osmnáct(ý) eighteen (eighteenth)
osm set eight hundred
osoba person
osobní personal
otčím stepfather
otec, otcové father, fathers
ovčák shepherd
ovdovělá widowed
ovdovělý widowered
oženěný married (man)
oženil se married a woman


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

P

Czech English
pacholek farm servant
padesát(ý) fifty (fiftieth)
pan sir, Mr., Lord
paní lady, Mrs.
panna maiden, Miss, virgin
stará panna old maiden, spinster
pastýř herdsman
pátek Friday
patnáct(ý) fifteen, fifteenth
patrimoniální knihy patrimonial books
pátý fifth
pečeť seal
pekař baker
pěstoun foster father
pěstounka foster mother
pět five
pětistý five hundredth
pět set five hundred
pevnost fortress
písaář scribe
plnoletnost age of consent, legal age, majority
plnoletý of legal age
plný full, complete
po (potom) after
po svatém Duchu (po sv. Duchu) after Pentecost
pobyt residence
pochovat buried
pod under
poddaný serf
podepsaný the undersigned
podepsat to sign, to undersign, to witness a signature
podle according to
podobný similar
podpis signature
podpora assistance
podruh farm laborer
pohlaví gender, sex
pohřbený buried
pohřeb, pohřby burial, burials
pohrobek posthumous child
pokřtěný christened
pokřtil have christened, baptized
poledne noon
polský Polish
pomoc help
politický okres political district
pondělí Monday
popálenina burn
popis description
poplatek fee, cost
populace population
porod childbirth, labor
porodní bába midwife
poručník guardian
poslední final, last
poslední pomazání last rites
poslední vůle last will, testament
potok stream
potomek descendant
povolání occupation, profession
povolení permission
požehnání blessing
pozemkové knihy land books
poznámky remarks
pozůstalý left behind, surviving
pra great
prabába (prababička) great-grandmother
pracovitý diligent, hard working
praděda (pradědeček) great-grandfather
prarodiče grandparents
prastrýc great uncle
prateta great aunt
pravděpodobně in all likelihood, probably
právní legal
právo law
pravoslavný orthodox
pravý right, true
pražský pertaining to Prague
před before, in front of
předek ancestor
předešlý previous
předevčírem day before yesterday
předtím before
přesnř exactly
přibližný approximate
příbuzný related, relative
příčina cause, reason
příjmení surname, last name
příslušnost relationship
příslušný appropriate
příští next
přítel friend (male)
přítelkyně friend (female)
přítomnost presence
přízvisko surname
pro for
proč why
prohlášení proclamation/banns/statement
prosba request
prosíme we request
prosinec December
protestantský Protestant
proti against
protože because
provdala - se she married
průjem diarrhea
pruský Prussian
první first
prvorozený firstborn
prý said to be
psát to write
psotník infantile convulsions
půl half
půlláník farmer (half-land holder)
půlnoc midnight
původ origin, parentage


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

R

R, Ř

Czech English
r. (roku) year
radnice city hall
rakouský Austrian
rakovina cancer
ráno in the morning
rejstřík list, index
řeka river
řemeslník tradesman
řemeslo trade
rešerše genealogical research
řezník butcher
říjen October
římsko-katolický Roman Catholic
robotník laborer, vassal
roč. (ročník) year (of book)
roce year
roční annual
rod family, clan, descent, lineage
rodem maiden name
rodič, rodiče parent, parents
rodina family
rodiště birthplace
rodná matrika birth register
rodné jméno surname
rodný list birth certificate
rodokmen pedigree, family tree, lineage
rodopis genealogy
rok year
roky (roků) years
rolník peasant
rovněž also, too
roz. (rozená) maiden name
rozvedený divorced
rozvod divorce
ruský Russian, Ruthenian, Ukrainian
různý various
rybář fisherman
rychtář village magistrate
rynek marketplace
rytíř knight


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

S

S, Š

Czech English
s, se with
samota hamlet
sčítání lidu census
sdělení report
sdělujeme Vám we inform you
šedesát(ý) sixty (sixtieth)
sedlák farmer (large farm)
sedm(ý) seven (seventh)
sedmdesát(ý) seventy (seventieth)
sedmistý seven hundredth
sedmnáct(ý) seventeen (seventeenth)
sedm set seven hundred
šenkýř tavern keeper
šest(ý) six (sixth)
šestistý six hundredth
šestnáct(ý) sixteen (sixteenth)
sestra sister
sestřenice cousin (female)
šestset six hundred
sever north
seznam list, index, directory
sice namely, or
sirotek (sirota) orphan
škola school
slabost weakness, sickness
slabý weak
slavný famous
šlechta nobility
šlechtic nobleman
slečna miss
slezský Silesian
slovenský Slovak
slovník dictionary
sluha servant (male)
služba service
služka (služebná) servant (female)
smlouva contract, agreement
smrt death
snacha daughter-in-law
snad perhaps
sňatek, sňatky marriage, marriages
snoubenec fiancé, betrothed, groom
snoubenka fiancée, betrothed, bride
sobota Saturday
souchotiny consumption
soud court
soudce judge
souhlas consent
sourozenci siblings; brothers and sisters
soused, sousedé neighbor, neighbors, property owner,

in villages: status similar to a burgher/citizen in town

spála scarlet fever
spalničky measles
společně together
společnost society
srpen August
stará panna old maid, spinster
staroba old age
starosta mayor
starší older, elder, senior
starý old
starý mládenec bachelor
stát state
statek farm
státní matriky civil registry
stav marital status, condition
sto hundred
stolař cabinet maker
století century
str. (strana) page, side
střed, -ní central, middle, average
středa Wednesday
strýc uncle
stý one hundredth
sv. (svazek) volume, number
švadlena seamstress
švagr brother-in-law
švagrová sister-in-law
svatba wedding
svatební marital, of marriage
svatební oznámení wedding announcement
svátek holiday
svatý holy
švec shoemaker
svědek witness
svobodný unmarried, single
svolení consent
svůj, svá, své his own, her own
syn, synové son, sons
synagóga synagogue
synovec nephew


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

T

T, Ť

Czech English
tady here
tak zvaný so called
také also
tam there
tamější of that place
táta (tatík, taťka, tatínek) father
tchán father-in-law
tchýně mother-in-law
těhotenství pregnancy
těhotná pregnant
tesař carpenter
teta aunt
tisíc(í) one thousand (one thousandth)
titul title
tkadlec weaver
to it, this
tohoto roku of the current year
tolik so much, as much
tovaryš journeymen
třetí third
trh (tržiště) market
tři three
třicátý thirtieth
třicet thirty
třináct(ý) thirteen (thirteenth)
tři sta three hundred
třístý three hundredth
truhlář cabinetmaker
tu here
tuberkulóza tuberculosis
týden week
týdny weeks
tyfus břišní typhoid fever


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

U

Czech English
u at, in
ubohý poor
učedník (učeň) apprentice
učitel teacher
údaj information
údolí valley
uherský Hungarian
uhlíř coal man
ukrajinský Ukrainian
ul. (ulice) street, road
uložený deposited
úmluva contract, agreement
umřel died
umřít to die
úmrtí death
úmrtní list death certificate
úmrtní matrika death register
únor February
úplavice dysentery
úřad office
úředník clerk, officer
urozený of noble birth
usedlík settler
ústní verbal, oral
úterý Tuesday
uveden known
already
už ne no longer
uzavření contracting (of marriage)


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

V

Czech English
v, ve in, on, at
valach ethnic identity, shepherd
valašský Valach (Moravian ethnic group)
Vás you
Váš your
včera yesterday
včerejší yesterday’s
vdala se married (to a man)
vdaná married (woman)
vdova widow
dova po Jozefovi widow of Jozef
vdovec widower
večer in the evening
vedle next to
věk age
velký big, great, large
velmožný magnate
ves village
vesnice village
vévodství duchy
viz see
vlast homeland
vlastní own, real, natural, self
vlastní jméno surname
vnučka granddaughter
vnuk grandson
voda water
voják soldier
vojenský military
vojsko military
vrchní upper
všechno all
vůbec ne not at all
východ east
vydaný published
vykonal performed, did, accomplished
výměnkář pensioner
výpis extract
výročí anniversary
vysoký high, tall
vyšší upper
vývod pedigree
vyznání religion
vždy always


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

Z

Z, Ž

Czech English
z, ze from, of (a place)
žadný no, none
žádost request
zahradník gardener
zákonný lawful, legal, legitimate
zámečník locksmith
zámek palace
zaměstnání employment
zánět mozku encephalitis
západ west
zápal plic pneumonia
září September
záškrt diphtheria
zasnoubení engagement (to marry)
zasnoubený betrothed, engaged
zasnoubit - se to become engaged
závěť will, testament
zde here
zdejší of this place
žebrák beggar
zedník bricklayer
zelený green
země earth
zemědělec peasant
zemřel died
zemské desky land tablets
žena woman, wife
ženatý married (to a woman)
ženich bridegroom
ženský female
žesnul died
zeť son-in-law
žid, židové Jew, Jewish
židovský Jewish
žijící living
zítra tomorrow
život life
životopis biography
zkoušená tested
žloutenka jaundice
zničení destruction
znovu again


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z