Brazil Church Records: Difference between revisions

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Roman Catholic Church records are among the most important records for genealogical research in Brazil. This is because the vast majority of Brazilians were Catholic and were registered in the records of the local parish, which records are called registros paroquiais (parish registers). These records include entries for baptisms, marriages, deaths, and burials. Often two and sometimes three generations are indicated in the registers, with personal information on the family. In addition, church records may include church censuses, account books, confirmations, and other church-related records.  
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''For information about records for non-Christian religions in Brazil, go to the [[Brazil Religious Records|Religious Records]] page.''


Church records are very helpful because civil authorities did not begin registering vital statistics until after 1850. After this date one should search in both church and civil records, since there may be information in one that does not appear in the other. For instance, the church records may only list the godparents, while the civil records may list the grandparents.


For civil vital records of births, marriages, and deaths, see [[Brazil Civil Registration- Vital Records]].
=== Online Church Records ===
The following three indexes include various Portuguese localities. The years are an overall range, some localities may be from earlier or later years.
*'''1688-1935''' {{RecordSearch|1500708| Brazil Baptisms, 1688-1935}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil Baptisms - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index. Incomplete. Also on [https://www.myheritage.com/research/catalog?s=209190711&q=brazil%20baptisms My Heritage] ($) and [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=9798 Ancestry] ($).
*'''1730-1955''' {{RecordSearch|1500709| Brazil Marriages, 1730-1955}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil Marriages - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index. Incomplete. Also on [https://www.myheritage.com/research/catalog?s=209190711&q=brazil%20marriages My Heritage] ($) and [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=9801 Ancestry] ($).
*'''1750-1890''' {{RecordSearch|1500710| Brazil Deaths, 1750-1890}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil Deaths - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index. Incomplete. Also on [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-30061/brazil-deaths-1750-1890?s=209190711 My Heritage] ($) and [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=9797 Ancestry] ($).


=== General Historical Background  ===
*[http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/british-armed-forces-and-overseas-births-and-baptisms British Armed Forces and Overseas Births and Baptisms], index and images ($)
*[http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/british-armed-forces-and-overseas-banns-and-marriages British Armed Forces and Overseas Banns and Marriages,], index and images ($)
*[http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/british-armed-forces-and-overseas-deaths-and-burials British Armed Forces and Overseas Deaths and Burials], index and images ($)


The arrival of six Jesuits in 1549 marked the beginning of organized religious activity in the colony. Catholic clergy have documented the history of Brazil in their church records from the very start of the exploration of Brazil. The earliest church records of baptisms, marriages, and deaths in Brazil that have been microfilmed are the Catholic Church records in Rio de Janeiro from 1616.
The following databases are only partially indexed, but have browsable images. They are a collection of baptism, marriage, and death records created by various Catholic parishes and diocese, compiled by state. Additional images and indexed records will be published as they become available.
*'''1598-2007''' {{RecordSearch|2177272|Brazil, Bahía, Catholic Church Records, 1598-2007}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Bahía, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1725-1971''' {{RecordSearch|2175764|Brazil, Ceará, Catholic Church Records, 1725-1971}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Ceará, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1673-1962''' {{RecordSearch|2177273|Brazil, Maranhão, Catholic Church Records, 1673-1962}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Maranhão, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1706-1999''' {{RecordSearch|2177275|Brazil, Minas Gerais, Catholic Church Records, 1706-1999}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Minas Gerais, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index and images
*'''1930-1976''' {{RecordSearch|2177288|Brazil, Pará, Catholic Church Records, 1930-1976}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Pará, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]];  images
*'''1731-2013''' {{RecordSearch|2177286|Brazil, Paraíba, Catholic Church Records, 1731-2013}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Paraíba, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1704-2008''' {{RecordSearch|2177282|Brazil, Paraná, Catholic Church Records, 1704-2008}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Paraná, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1762-2002''' {{RecordSearch|2177293|Brazil, Pernambuco, Catholic Church Records, 1762-2002}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Pernambuco, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1616-1980''' {{RecordSearch|1719212|Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Catholic Church Records, 1616-1980}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1788-1967''' {{RecordSearch|2177294|Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Catholic Church Records, 1788-1967}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1738-1952''' {{RecordSearch|2177295|Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Catholic Church Records, 1738-1952}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1714-1977''' {{RecordSearch|2177296|Brazil, Santa Catarina, Catholic Church Records, 1714-1977}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Santa Catarina, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index and images
*'''1640-2012''' {{RecordSearch|2177299|Brazil, São Paulo, Catholic Church Records, 1640-2012}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, São Paulo, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
*'''1785-1994''' {{RecordSearch|2177298|Brazil, Sergipe, Catholic Church Records, 1785-1994}} at FamilySearch - [[Brazil, Sergipe, Catholic Church Records - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; images
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Separate church record books were maintained for baptisms, confirmations, marriages, and deaths or burials, and the format was standardized as the Council of Trent had outlined. The Catholic Church was the primary record keeper for Brazil until civil registration started. A large percentage of the population is listed in these registration records.
=Historical Background=
Religion in Brazil was formed from the meeting of the Catholic Church with the religious traditions of enslaved African peoples and indigenous peoples. This confluence of faiths during the Portuguese colonization of Brazil led to the development of a diverse array of syncretistic practices within the overarching umbrella of Brazilian Catholic Church, characterized by traditional Portuguese festivities


Only in the late 19th century did other religious groups begin to establish themselves in Brazil. For more information about the various churches in Brazil, see [[Brazil Church History]], [[Brazil Minorities]], and [[Brazil History]].  
'''Roman Catholicism''' is the country's predominant faith. Brazil has the world's largest Catholic population. According to the 2000 Demographic Census, 73.57% of the population followed Roman Catholicism; 15.41% Protestantism; 1.33% Kardecist spiritism; 1.22% other Christian denominations; 0.31% Afro-Brazilian religions; 0.13% Buddhism; 0.05% Judaism; 0.02% Islam; 0.01% Amerindian religions; 0.59% other religions, undeclared or undetermined; while 7.35% have no religion.<br>


Some church records have been lost or have deteriorated because of natural effects like humidity and insects and more dramatic events like fires, floods, and earthquakes. Civil and political strife have also caused the destruction of parish books. Some records were destroyed or damaged because of poor storage. However, many records have simply been misplaced or misidentified.  
Protestantism in Brazil largely originated with American missionaries in the second half of the 19th century, following up on efforts that began in the 1830s. Evangelical Protestantism and Pentecostalism has grown very rapidly in Brazil since the late 20th century.[13] The 2010 Census reported that 22.2% of the Brazilian population is Protestant, about 44 million people. Brazil has many versions of Protestantism. These include ''neo-Pentecostals, old Pentecostals'' and Traditional Protestants (most of them '''Baptists, Presbyterians and Methodists'''). The '''Anglican Episcopal''' Church of Brazil, part of the Anglican Communion, has some 120,000 members. The '''Eastern Orthodox Church''' is also present in Brazil. In 2014, according to the denomination, Brazil had 767,449 '''Jehovah's Witnesses''' with 11,562 congregations.
<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Religion in Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020. </ref><ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020. </ref>
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=== Information Recorded in Church Registers  ===
=Information Recorded in the Records=
Different denominations, different time periods, and practices of different record keepers will effect how much information can be found in the records. This outline will show the types of details which '''might''' be found (best case scenario):
==Baptisms==
In Catholic and Anglican records, children were usually baptized a few days after birth, and therefore, the baptism record proves date of birth. Other religions, such as Baptists, baptized at other points in the member's life. Baptism registers might give:
{|
|-
|style="width:25%; padding-right:10px"|
*baptism date
*the infant's name
*parents' names
*father's occupation
|style="width:38%; padding-right:10px"|
*status of legitimacy
*occasionally, names of grandparents
*names of witnesses or godparents, who may be relatives
|style="width:34%"|
*birth date and place
*the family's place of residence
*death information, as an added note or signified by a cross
|}


The type and amount of information and detail recorded in church books varied over time. The later records generally give more complete information than the earlier ones. The most important church records for genealogical research are baptism, marriage, and burial registers. Occasionally other helpful church records were kept, including confirmations and church censuses. Most records were recorded in Portuguese. A few Catholic records were kept in Latin.  
==Marriages==
Marriage registers can give:
{|
|-
|style="width:33%; padding-right:10px; vertical-align:top"|
*the marriage date
*the names of the bride and groom
*indicate whether the bride and groom were single or widowed
*their ages
|style="width:27%; padding-right:10px; vertical-align:top"|
*birth dates and places for the bride and groom
*their residences
*their occupations
|style="width:40%; padding-right:10px; vertical-align:top"|
*birthplaces of the bride and groom
*parents' names (after 1800)
*the names of previous spouses and their death dates
*names of witnesses, who might be relatives.
|}


[[Brazil_Catholic_Church_Records_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)|Brazil Catholic Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)]]
==Burials==
Burial registers may give:
{|
|-
|style="width:35%; padding-right:10px; vertical-align:top"|
*the name of the deceased
*the date and place of death or burial
*the deceased's age
*place of residence
|style="width:40%; padding-right:10px; vertical-align:top"|
*cause of death
*the names of survivors, especially a widow or widower
*deceased's birth date and place
*parents' names, or at least the father's name
|style="width:25%; padding-right:10px; vertical-align:top"|
|}
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=== Baptisms [batismos]  ===


Children were generally baptized within a few days of birth. Baptismal records usually list the infant’s place and date of baptism, parents, status of legitimacy, godparents, and sometimes grandparents. You may also find the child’s age and the family’s place of residence. If the child died within a few days of baptism, death information has sometimes been added as a note. At times a note added to the margin will state who the child later married.  
==Digital  Copies of Church Records in the FamilySearch Catalog ==
'''Watch for digitized copies of church records to be added to the collection of the FamilySearch Library.''' Some records might have viewing restrictions, and can only be viewed at a [https://www.familysearch.org/help/fhcenters/locations/ '''FamilySearch Center'''] near you, and/or by members of supporting organizations. To find records:
:::a. Click on the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/results?count=20&placeId=1927159&query=%2Bplace%3A%22Brazil%22 '''records of Brazil'''].
:::b. Click on '''Places within Brazil''' and a list of towns will appear.
:::c. Click on your town if it appears, or the location which you believe was the parish which served your town or village. 
:::d. Click on the '''"Church records"''' topic. Click on the blue links to specific record titles.
:::e. Some combination of these icons will appear at the far right of the listing for the record. [[File:FHL icons.png|75px]].  The magnifying glass indicates that the record is indexed. Clicking on the magnifying glass will take you to the index. Clicking on the camera will take you to an online digital copy of the records.
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==Writing for Records==
<span style="color:darkviolet"> You will probably need to write to or email the national archives, the diocese, or local parish priests to find records. See the [[Portuguese Letter-writing Guide|'''Portuguese Letter-writing Guide''']] for help with composing letters.</span>
*[https://maps.me/catalog/attractions/amenity-place_of_worship-christian/country-brasil/ '''Maps.me Church Listings for Brazil''']


=== Marriages [casamentos]  ===
='''Anglican (Episcopal) Church Records'''=
[[File:Anglican Dioceses in Brazil.png|500px|thumb|right|<center>Anglican Dioceses in Brazil</center>]]
==Writing for Records==
*[https://www.ieab.org.br/dioceses-e-distrito-missionario/ '''Contact information for each diocese'''] Each diocese has a listing of its parishes and their contact information. This page has maps so you can determine which diocese has your town/parish.
*[https://www.google.com/maps/search/anglican+churches+in+brazil/@-19.6861741,-53.4141646,5z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Anglican churches in Brazil''']
==Historical Background==
The Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil is the 19th province of the Anglican Communion, covering the country of Brazil. It is composed of nine dioceses and one missionary district, each headed by a bishop, among whom one is elected as the Primate of Brazil. IEAB (Igreja Episcopal Anglicana do Brasil) is the oldest non-Roman Catholic church in Brazil, originating from the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation signed in 1810 between Portugal and the United Kingdom which allowed the Church of England to establish chapels in the former Portuguese colony. In 1890 American missionaries from the Episcopal Church established themselves in the country aiming to create a national church; unlike the English chapels, they celebrated services in Portuguese and converted Brazilians.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglican_Episcopal_Church_of_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020. </ref>
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Marriage registers give the date and place of a marriage and names of the bride and groom. They may also indicate whether the couple were single or widowed before this marriage. If they were widowed sometimes it will give the names of the deceased spouses and how long they had been deceased. If the bride or groom was a minor, a note often appears to indicate whether a parent or other party gave permission for the marriage. The record will list the witnesses, usually two to four men who could verify that there were no reasons why the couple should not be married. Often the registers include other information about the bride and groom, such as their ages, residences, parents, and sometimes birthplaces.  
='''Baptist Church Records'''=
==Writing for Records==
*[https://www.google.com/maps/search/baptist+churches+in+brazil/@-7.215745,-70.1966595,4z/data=!3m1!4b1  '''Google Maps search results for Baptist churches in Brazil''']
==Historical Background==
The '''Brazilian Baptist Convention''' has its origins in the establishment of the first Baptist Baptist Church in Salvador (Bahia) in 1882, by the Southern Baptist Convention. It was founded in 1907. In 2015, it has 8,392 churches and 1,618,663 members.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Brazilian Baptist Convention", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Baptist_Convention, accessed 6 March 2020. </ref>


Marriage registers may also give the dates on which the marriage was announced or the banns were published, which had to take place on three separate occasions so anyone knowing reasons why the couple should not be married could come forward. Couples were generally married in the home parish of the bride. Typically, girls married between 14 and 20, and men married in their 20s.  
The '''National Baptist Convention''' (Conveção Batista Nacional) is a Baptist Christian denomination, affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance and Brazilian Evangelical Christian Alliance. It started with a group of 52 Baptist churches in Brazil, who joined together in 1965, that accept the Evangelical charismatic doctrine of gifts of Holy Spirit in their beliefs.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "National Baptist Convention, Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention,_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020. </ref>


=== Deaths [óbitos] ===
See, also, [https://banneroftruth.org/us/resources/articles/2004/the-first-conference-of-reformed-baptists-in-brazil/'''The First Conference of Reformed Baptists in Brazil.''']
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Burials were recorded in the church record of the parish where the person died. Death or burial registers give the name of the deceased and the date and place of burial and/or death. Often the deceased’s age, residence, marital status, cause of death, and survivors are given.&nbsp;&nbsp;
= '''Catholic Church Records''' =
[[File:Provincias eclesiasticas do brasil.jpg|350px|thumb|right|<center>Catholic Ecclesiastical provinces of Brazil</center>]]
==Writing to a Local Parish==
Earlier records can be held at the diocese, with more recent records still kept in the local parish.  To locate the mailing address or e-mail address for a diocese or local parish, consult:
*[https://www.catholicdirectory.com/search_results?q=&location_value=brazil&country_sn=BR&location_type=country&stateSearch=&swlat=-34.0891&nelat=5.2717863&swlng=-73.9828169&nelng=-28.650543&lat=-14.235004&lng=-51.92528&faddress=Brazil&place_id=ChIJzyjM68dZnAARYz4p8gYVWik#/ '''The Catholic Directory: Brazil''']


At times the priest will note if the deceased person recorded a will. Often the date and place of birth and parents’ names are given if the deceased was a minor. However, early death registers failed to record much of this information and are not as complete as later death records. Some death records recorded a woman by her maiden name, giving the name of her surviving spouse or stating that she was a widow and thus naming the deceased spouse.  
== Historical Background ==
According to the tradition, the first Mass celebrated in Brazil took place on 26 April 1500.  It was celebrated by a priest who arrived in the country along with the Portuguese explorers to claim possession of the newfound land. The first diocese in Brazil was erected more than 50 years later, in 1551.Brazil's strong Catholic heritage can be traced to the Iberian missionary zeal, with the 15th-century goal of spreading Christianity.  
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=== Confirmation Registers [confirmações]  ===
Catholicism was enforced during colonial rule, then in 1824 became the official religion of an independent Brazil that also guaranteed freedom of religion for its citizens. The Brazilian government has been secular since the Constitution of 1891, though the Church remained extremely politically influential until nowadays. In the late 19th century, the Catholic population of Iberian origin was reinforced by a large number of Italian Catholics who immigrated to Brazil, as well as some Polish and German Catholic immigrants. In 1889 Brazil became a republic and approved a constitution separating the Church from the State, a trend followed by all of the country's seven republican constitutions. Prior to that, during the Empire of Brazil, Catholicism was the official religion of the country.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Catholic Church in Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020. </ref>
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Confirmation records were not consistently recorded. In larger parishes a separate book was usually maintained, and in smaller parishes the confirmation entries may be intermingled with baptisms. Confirmations were normally performed by the bishop or his authorized representative when they visited the parish. In some parishes confirmations were performed every year, but in the smaller parishes, where it was difficult for the bishop or his representative to visit, the confirmations took place once every few years. You may find that several members of the family were confirmed at the same time.  
='''The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Records'''=
==Online Records==
Online information is available to current members, for deceased members and immediate family members who are still living. [https://www.familysearch.org/en/ '''Sign in to FamilySearch and then select Family Tree in the drop-down menu.''']


Confirmation entries normally list the parish, the individual being confirmed, his or her godparents, and sometimes his or her parents. The value of the confirmation record is primarily to verify the information found in other vital records.  
==Historical Background==
When Roberto Lippelt and his wife, Augusta, arrived in Ipomeia, Brazil, from Germany in 1923, Augusta began asking Church headquarters that teaching materials be sent to her. In response, South American Mission President Reinhold Stoof left Buenos Aires, Argentina, to visit Brazil. He returned in 1928 with missionary elders to teach the German-speaking people in that country. The first converts within Brazil joined the Church on April 14, 1929.


=== Other Ecclesiastical Records  ===
The first branch of the Church in Brazil was organized in Joinville on July 6, 1930. The city of São Paulo was opened to Church missionary work in 1935. A Brazilian mission, with headquarters in São Paulo, was created from the South American Mission in May 1935.


The Catholic Church kept many other records that are valuable for genealogical research. These might include census and population lists, wills, account books, property grants to the church, lawsuits, priesthood ordination records, and fraternal groups that assisted in parish activities. These types of records may be available on a local level or in Brazilian archives, but they have not usually been filmed by the Family History Library.  
As a result of nationalism that took hold in Brazil starting in 1930, Portuguese became the national language. This marked a shift in Church policy of teaching the gospel in a person’s native language (which had been predominately German). The Book of Mormon was translated into Portuguese, and all missionary teaching and Church meetings in Brazil switched to Portuguese in 1938–39.


=== Locating Church Records  ===
In March 1959, the first meetinghouse constructed in Brazil (in Ipomeia) was ready for occupancy.


Church records are kept at different levels in the Catholic Church. The highest level of government is the archdiocese (arquidiocese). By 1900 there were two archdioceses, 15 dioceses, and several thousand parishes or vicarages in Brazil. The parishes (paróquias) are under the jurisdiction of the dioceses. Parishes are local congregations that may include many smaller villages within their boundaries. A large city would have several parishes. All parish jurisdictions have their own records.  
Total Church Membership: 1,394,616. Congregations: 2,111.<ref> The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "Facts and Statistics: Brazil, https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/facts-and-statistics/country/brazil, accessed 8 March 2020.</ref>
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='''Eastern Orthodox Church'''=
==Writing for Records==
*[https://orthodox-world.org/en/c/30/brazil '''Orthodox World: Brazil Online Directory''']


In searching for your ancestor you must know the town he or she lived in. You must also determine the parish he or she belonged to. If your ancestor came from a large city that has several parishes, you will need to know what section of the town he or she lived in to determine the parish. However, in a large city such as Rio de Janeiro or São Paulo you may find that even if you know the home parish, there were times when the ancestor’s family would go to the cathedral for the baptism of a child or to the parish of a relative in the same city. If you do not find the complete family in the home parish, search the surrounding parishes of the city. If your family lived in a very small village or ranch that did not have an established parish, check a map to determine which nearby town had a parish.  
==Historical Background==
Greek, Coptic, Syrian, Russian, Polish, and Serbian Orthodox congregations can be found in Brazil.
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Parish boundary maps, if they exist, can be extremely helpful when determining what specific parish records to search. They can help you identify neighboring parishes if you need to search through the various parishes in a given region.  
='''Jehovah's Witnesses'''=
==Writing for Records==
*[https://www.google.com/maps/search/jehovah's+witnesses+churches+in+brazil/@-18.1787383,-53.6908552,5z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Jehovah's Witnesses churches in Brazil''']
==Historical Background==
Today, there are some 750,000 of Jehovah’s Witnesses in more than 11,000 congregations all over Brazil. <ref>"A Visit to Brazil", JW.org, https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201312/visit-to-brazil/, accessed 8 March 2020.</ref>
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As the parish books were filled, many times they were sent to the diocese or archdiocese that had jurisdiction over the parish. Therefore, if records are no longer available at the local parish you may find the records in the diocesan or archdiocesan archives.  
='''Lutheran Church Records'''=
==Online Records==
'''Church book from The Norwegian Seamen's Mission in Santos, Brazil'''<br>
(Many of these records are restricted for privacy, but are still listed on the Norway National Archive's website)<br>
{|
|-
|style="width:33%; padding-right:10px; vertical-align:top"|
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38913/123654/1 Baptisms 1940-1943]
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38914/123674/1 Baptisms 1955-1984]
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38915/123694/1 Baptisms 1985-1997]
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*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38913/123660/1 Confirmations 1941]
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38914/123680/1 Confirmations 1956-1984]
|style="width:33%; padding-right:10px; vertical-align:top"|
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38913/123664/1 Marriages 1941]
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38914/123684/1 Marriages 1958-1984]
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38915/123702/1 Marriages 1989]
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*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38913/123650/1 Deaths/burials 1940-1943]
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38914/123670/1 Deaths/burials 1956-1983]
*[https://media.digitalarkivet.no/view/38915/123690/1 Deaths/burials 1985-2000]
|}


The Archdiocese Archives in Rio de Janeiro contains parish registers, marriage processes (processos de casamento), marriage bonds, banns, dispensations, and some inquisition records showing pedigrees of those brought to trial.  
==Writing for Records==
'''Igreja Evangelica Luterana do Brasil'''<br>
Av. Cel. Lucas de Oliveira, 804<br>
Bairro Mont’Serrat<br>
90440-010 – Porto Alegre, RS<br>
Brazil<br>
<br>
Phone: 55-51-3332-2111<br>
Email: presidente@ielb.org.br<br>
*[http://www.ielb.org.br/ '''Website''']
*[https://www.ielb.org.br/encontre-uma-igreja '''Find a Church search engine''']
*[https://www.google.com/maps/search/lutheran+churches+in+brazil/@-14.7365594,-61.5050985,3.37z  '''Google Maps search results for Lutheran churches in Brazil''']


The Archdiocese Archives of São Paulo has marriage records since 1632, baptism records since 1640, and death records since 1731. Most of the parish records are for older parishes in the state of São Paulo when it was all under one diocese. The archive also has several indexes to church records:
=Historical Background=
The first Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod missionary came to Brazil in 1900 at the request of German immigrants living in Brazil. The IELB’s Seminario Concordia was established in 1903 and one year later, in 1904, the IELB became a district of The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod.<ref>"Evangelical Lutheran Church of Brazil", in "International Lutheran Council", https://ilc-online.org/members/latin-america/brazil/, accessed 8 March 2020.</ref>
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*Index to baptisms, 1880–1900
='''Methodist Church Records'''=
*Index to dispensations of banns (dispensos de matrimônio e casamentos), 1730–1917
==Writing for Records==
*Index to corrections of baptism and marriage records
'''Brazil Methodist Church'''<br>
*Index to non-Catholics who accepted the Catholic faith and rejected their former religion
Avenida Piassanguaba, 3031-Planalto Paulista<br>
Sao Paulo, SP 04060-004<br>
Brazil<br>
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Work Phone: (55 11) 2813 8624<br>
Work Fax: (55 21) 2813 8632<br>
Work Email: bispoadonias@uol.com.br<br>
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Most indexes are in alphabetical order by the first or given name rather than by the surname.  
*[https://www.google.com/maps/search/methodist+churches+in+brazil/@-11.2720991,-61.7742069,3z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Methodist churches in Brazil''']


The archive also has a book called ''Autos de Genere (Pedigree Records''), which lists in alphabetical order each child’s name, parents, grandparents, and sometimes relatives of earlier generations. It also contains some illegitimate births, with the birth date and the date the father recognized the child as his own.  
==Historical Background==
The Methodist Church in Brazil was founded by American missionaries in 1867 after an initial unsuccessful founding in 1835. It has grown steadily since, becoming autonomous in 1930. In 2006, it had 162,000 members and 1266 pastors.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Methodist_Church_in_Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020.</ref>
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Other records at this archive include confirmation records, a few local censuses, chaplaincy records, ordinations to various orders of the priesthood, wills, ecclesiastical court matters, and other records usually found in a diocese archives.
='''Pentecostal Church Records'''=
==Writing for Records==
*[https://www.google.com/maps/search/penmtecostal+churches+in+brazil/@-9.8566651,-69.8551075,4z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Pentecostal churches in Brazil''']
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For addresses to the archdiocese archives, see [[Brazil Archives and Libraries]].  
='''Presbyterian Church Records'''=
==Writing for Records==
*[https://www.google.com/maps/search/presbyterian+churches+in+brazil/@-6.4991129,-70.3098654,4z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Presbyterian churches in Brazil''']
==Historical Background==
The '''Presbyterian Church of Brazil''' (Portuguese: Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil, or IPB) is the largest Presbyterian denomination in the country, having an estimate 1,011,300 members, 8,315 ordained ministers and 5,015 churches and 5,392 parishes. It is also the only Presbyterian denomination in Brazil present in all 26 States and the Federal District. Brazilian Presbyterianism owes its origin largely to the efforts of Rev. Ashbel Green Simonton (1833–1867). Due to the influence of a religious revival in 1855, he entered Princeton Theological Seminary. Later he, volunteered to PCUSA's Missions Board, naming Brazil as his preferred destination. Two months after being ordained, he embarked to Brazil, where he arrived on August 12, 1859, at the age of 26. In April 1860, Simonton celebrated his first service in Portuguese. In January 1862, the first converts professed their faith and the Presbyterian Church of Rio de Janeiro was formally organized. <ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Presbyterian Church of Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Brazil, accessed 8 March 2020. </ref>


=== Church Record Inventories  ===
The '''Independent Presbyterian Church of Brazil''' (in Portuguese: Igreja Presbiteriana Independente do Brasil, IPIB), the second oldest Presbyterian denomination in the country. In 2012, the church had more than 85,000 members and 546 congregations. It was founded by Brazilian minister Rev. Eduardo Carlos Pereira and a group of six other ministers and their churches, who split from the Presbyterian Church of Brazil over a number of political and ecclesiastical controversies. <ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Independent Presbyterian Church of Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_Presbyterian_Church_of_Brazil, accessed 8 March 2020. </ref>
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An inventory is a listing of available church records, what years they cover, and their location. Sometimes they indicate which parishes served particular towns at different times. Church record inventories in Brazil have not been obtained by the Family History Library. For more information, see [[Brazil Church Directories]].
='''Seventh-day Adventist Church Records'''=
==Writing for Records==
*[http://www.adventistdirectory.org/default.aspx?page=SearchResults&Search=brazil&submit=&IDLookup=1 '''Directory, SDA, ASTR: Brazil''']
*[https://www.google.com/maps/search/seventh-day+adventist+churches+in+brazil/@-12.1703848,-62.078958,4.8z '''Google Maps search results for Seventh-day Adventist churches in Brazil''']


=== Church Records at the Family History Library  ===
==Historical Background==
The Seventh-day Adventist Church is a major Christian denomination with a significant presence in Brazil[1] with over 1,655,558 members as of June 30, 2018.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Seventh-day Adventist Church in Brazil", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church_in_Brazil, accessed 8 March 2020. </ref>
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The Family History Library has many Brazilian church records on microfilm. Many church records have been filmed for the states of Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Santa Catarina. Church records have also been filmed in the states of Maranhão, Espírito Santo, Paraíba, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Ceará, Pará, Paraná, and Pernambuco.
=References=
<references/>


Some of the records from the state of Pará are listed in the catalog under a centralized parish rather than each individual parish. For example, the central church of Curuçá in Pará includes church records from 1837 to 1935, including the church records from several other parishes and chapels.


The specific holdings are listed in the Family History Library Catalog. You can determine whether the library has records for the locality your ancestor came from by checking the "Locality Search" section of the Family History Library Catalog. If the Family History Library does not have a copy of the records you seek, you will have to write to the parish for information.


Church records are cataloged first by the name of the denomination (usually Igreja Católica, Catholic Church), followed by the saint name of the parish (for example, Nossa Senhora da Ajuda, Our Lady of Help), and then by the town and state where it is located (for example, Ilha do Governador, Rio de Janeiro). In the Family History Library Catalog, look under the name of the town where the parish was located, not necessarily the town where your ancestor lived. If the city has more than one parish it will list all parishes by name. Look in the Family History Library Catalog under the town as follows:
[[Category:Brazil Church Records]]
 
BRAZIL, [STATE], [TOWN]- CHURCH RECORDS
 
=== Records Not at the Family History Library  ===
 
Baptism, marriage, and death records may be searched by contacting or visiting local parish or diocese archives in Brazil. Brazil has no single repository of church records. Write your request in Portuguese whenever possible.
 
Information about how to write for genealogical information to local parishes in Brazil is given in [[Portuguese Letter-writing Guide|Letter-Writing Guide: Portuguese]](36341).
 
When requesting information, send the following:
 
*Money for the search fee, usually $10.00, and an international reply coupon (IRC)
*Full name and the sex of the ancestor sought
*Names of the ancestor’s parents, if known
*Approximate date and place of the event
*Your relationship to the ancestor
*Reason for the request (family history, medical, and so on)
*Request for a photocopy of the complete original record
 
If your request is unsuccessful, search for duplicate records that may have been filed in other archives or civil registration offices.
 
=== Search Strategies  ===
 
Effective use of church records includes the following strategies, used in this order:
 
Search only for the ancestor you select. When you find his or her baptismal record, search for the baptisms of his or her brothers and sisters.
 
Search for the marriage of the person’s parents prior to the birth of their first legitimate child. The marriage record will often lead to the parents’ baptismal records.
 
You can estimate the parents’ ages or try to find their ages from a death record and then search for their baptismal records.
 
Repeat the process for both the father and the mother.
 
If earlier generations are not in the record, search neighboring parishes.
 
Search the death registers for all family members.
 
[[Category:Brazil]]

Latest revision as of 17:56, 21 May 2024


Brazil Wiki Topics
Flag of Brazil
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Record Types
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Brazil Genealogical Word Lists
Cultural Groups
Local Research Resources

For information about records for non-Christian religions in Brazil, go to the Religious Records page.


Online Church Records[edit | edit source]

The following three indexes include various Portuguese localities. The years are an overall range, some localities may be from earlier or later years.

The following databases are only partially indexed, but have browsable images. They are a collection of baptism, marriage, and death records created by various Catholic parishes and diocese, compiled by state. Additional images and indexed records will be published as they become available.



Historical Background[edit | edit source]

Religion in Brazil was formed from the meeting of the Catholic Church with the religious traditions of enslaved African peoples and indigenous peoples. This confluence of faiths during the Portuguese colonization of Brazil led to the development of a diverse array of syncretistic practices within the overarching umbrella of Brazilian Catholic Church, characterized by traditional Portuguese festivities

Roman Catholicism is the country's predominant faith. Brazil has the world's largest Catholic population. According to the 2000 Demographic Census, 73.57% of the population followed Roman Catholicism; 15.41% Protestantism; 1.33% Kardecist spiritism; 1.22% other Christian denominations; 0.31% Afro-Brazilian religions; 0.13% Buddhism; 0.05% Judaism; 0.02% Islam; 0.01% Amerindian religions; 0.59% other religions, undeclared or undetermined; while 7.35% have no religion.

Protestantism in Brazil largely originated with American missionaries in the second half of the 19th century, following up on efforts that began in the 1830s. Evangelical Protestantism and Pentecostalism has grown very rapidly in Brazil since the late 20th century.[13] The 2010 Census reported that 22.2% of the Brazilian population is Protestant, about 44 million people. Brazil has many versions of Protestantism. These include neo-Pentecostals, old Pentecostals and Traditional Protestants (most of them Baptists, Presbyterians and Methodists). The Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil, part of the Anglican Communion, has some 120,000 members. The Eastern Orthodox Church is also present in Brazil. In 2014, according to the denomination, Brazil had 767,449 Jehovah's Witnesses with 11,562 congregations. [1][2]

Information Recorded in the Records[edit | edit source]

Different denominations, different time periods, and practices of different record keepers will effect how much information can be found in the records. This outline will show the types of details which might be found (best case scenario):

Baptisms[edit | edit source]

In Catholic and Anglican records, children were usually baptized a few days after birth, and therefore, the baptism record proves date of birth. Other religions, such as Baptists, baptized at other points in the member's life. Baptism registers might give:

  • baptism date
  • the infant's name
  • parents' names
  • father's occupation
  • status of legitimacy
  • occasionally, names of grandparents
  • names of witnesses or godparents, who may be relatives
  • birth date and place
  • the family's place of residence
  • death information, as an added note or signified by a cross

Marriages[edit | edit source]

Marriage registers can give:

  • the marriage date
  • the names of the bride and groom
  • indicate whether the bride and groom were single or widowed
  • their ages
  • birth dates and places for the bride and groom
  • their residences
  • their occupations
  • birthplaces of the bride and groom
  • parents' names (after 1800)
  • the names of previous spouses and their death dates
  • names of witnesses, who might be relatives.

Burials[edit | edit source]

Burial registers may give:

  • the name of the deceased
  • the date and place of death or burial
  • the deceased's age
  • place of residence
  • cause of death
  • the names of survivors, especially a widow or widower
  • deceased's birth date and place
  • parents' names, or at least the father's name




Digital Copies of Church Records in the FamilySearch Catalog[edit | edit source]

Watch for digitized copies of church records to be added to the collection of the FamilySearch Library. Some records might have viewing restrictions, and can only be viewed at a FamilySearch Center near you, and/or by members of supporting organizations. To find records:

a. Click on the records of Brazil.
b. Click on Places within Brazil and a list of towns will appear.
c. Click on your town if it appears, or the location which you believe was the parish which served your town or village.
d. Click on the "Church records" topic. Click on the blue links to specific record titles.
e. Some combination of these icons will appear at the far right of the listing for the record. FHL icons.png. The magnifying glass indicates that the record is indexed. Clicking on the magnifying glass will take you to the index. Clicking on the camera will take you to an online digital copy of the records.



Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

You will probably need to write to or email the national archives, the diocese, or local parish priests to find records. See the Portuguese Letter-writing Guide for help with composing letters.

Anglican (Episcopal) Church Records[edit | edit source]

Anglican Dioceses in Brazil

Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

The Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil is the 19th province of the Anglican Communion, covering the country of Brazil. It is composed of nine dioceses and one missionary district, each headed by a bishop, among whom one is elected as the Primate of Brazil. IEAB (Igreja Episcopal Anglicana do Brasil) is the oldest non-Roman Catholic church in Brazil, originating from the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation signed in 1810 between Portugal and the United Kingdom which allowed the Church of England to establish chapels in the former Portuguese colony. In 1890 American missionaries from the Episcopal Church established themselves in the country aiming to create a national church; unlike the English chapels, they celebrated services in Portuguese and converted Brazilians.[3]

Baptist Church Records[edit | edit source]

Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

The Brazilian Baptist Convention has its origins in the establishment of the first Baptist Baptist Church in Salvador (Bahia) in 1882, by the Southern Baptist Convention. It was founded in 1907. In 2015, it has 8,392 churches and 1,618,663 members.[4]

The National Baptist Convention (Conveção Batista Nacional) is a Baptist Christian denomination, affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance and Brazilian Evangelical Christian Alliance. It started with a group of 52 Baptist churches in Brazil, who joined together in 1965, that accept the Evangelical charismatic doctrine of gifts of Holy Spirit in their beliefs.[5]

See, also, The First Conference of Reformed Baptists in Brazil.

Catholic Church Records[edit | edit source]

Catholic Ecclesiastical provinces of Brazil

Writing to a Local Parish[edit | edit source]

Earlier records can be held at the diocese, with more recent records still kept in the local parish. To locate the mailing address or e-mail address for a diocese or local parish, consult:

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

According to the tradition, the first Mass celebrated in Brazil took place on 26 April 1500. It was celebrated by a priest who arrived in the country along with the Portuguese explorers to claim possession of the newfound land. The first diocese in Brazil was erected more than 50 years later, in 1551.Brazil's strong Catholic heritage can be traced to the Iberian missionary zeal, with the 15th-century goal of spreading Christianity.

Catholicism was enforced during colonial rule, then in 1824 became the official religion of an independent Brazil that also guaranteed freedom of religion for its citizens. The Brazilian government has been secular since the Constitution of 1891, though the Church remained extremely politically influential until nowadays. In the late 19th century, the Catholic population of Iberian origin was reinforced by a large number of Italian Catholics who immigrated to Brazil, as well as some Polish and German Catholic immigrants. In 1889 Brazil became a republic and approved a constitution separating the Church from the State, a trend followed by all of the country's seven republican constitutions. Prior to that, during the Empire of Brazil, Catholicism was the official religion of the country.[6]

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Records[edit | edit source]

Online Records[edit | edit source]

Online information is available to current members, for deceased members and immediate family members who are still living. Sign in to FamilySearch and then select Family Tree in the drop-down menu.

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

When Roberto Lippelt and his wife, Augusta, arrived in Ipomeia, Brazil, from Germany in 1923, Augusta began asking Church headquarters that teaching materials be sent to her. In response, South American Mission President Reinhold Stoof left Buenos Aires, Argentina, to visit Brazil. He returned in 1928 with missionary elders to teach the German-speaking people in that country. The first converts within Brazil joined the Church on April 14, 1929.

The first branch of the Church in Brazil was organized in Joinville on July 6, 1930. The city of São Paulo was opened to Church missionary work in 1935. A Brazilian mission, with headquarters in São Paulo, was created from the South American Mission in May 1935.

As a result of nationalism that took hold in Brazil starting in 1930, Portuguese became the national language. This marked a shift in Church policy of teaching the gospel in a person’s native language (which had been predominately German). The Book of Mormon was translated into Portuguese, and all missionary teaching and Church meetings in Brazil switched to Portuguese in 1938–39.

In March 1959, the first meetinghouse constructed in Brazil (in Ipomeia) was ready for occupancy.

Total Church Membership: 1,394,616. Congregations: 2,111.[7]

Eastern Orthodox Church[edit | edit source]

Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

Greek, Coptic, Syrian, Russian, Polish, and Serbian Orthodox congregations can be found in Brazil.

Jehovah's Witnesses[edit | edit source]

Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

Today, there are some 750,000 of Jehovah’s Witnesses in more than 11,000 congregations all over Brazil. [8]

Lutheran Church Records[edit | edit source]

Online Records[edit | edit source]

Church book from The Norwegian Seamen's Mission in Santos, Brazil
(Many of these records are restricted for privacy, but are still listed on the Norway National Archive's website)


Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

Igreja Evangelica Luterana do Brasil
Av. Cel. Lucas de Oliveira, 804
Bairro Mont’Serrat
90440-010 – Porto Alegre, RS
Brazil

Phone: 55-51-3332-2111
Email: presidente@ielb.org.br

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

The first Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod missionary came to Brazil in 1900 at the request of German immigrants living in Brazil. The IELB’s Seminario Concordia was established in 1903 and one year later, in 1904, the IELB became a district of The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod.[9]

Methodist Church Records[edit | edit source]

Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

Brazil Methodist Church
Avenida Piassanguaba, 3031-Planalto Paulista
Sao Paulo, SP 04060-004
Brazil

Work Phone: (55 11) 2813 8624
Work Fax: (55 21) 2813 8632
Work Email: bispoadonias@uol.com.br

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

The Methodist Church in Brazil was founded by American missionaries in 1867 after an initial unsuccessful founding in 1835. It has grown steadily since, becoming autonomous in 1930. In 2006, it had 162,000 members and 1266 pastors.[10]

Pentecostal Church Records[edit | edit source]

Writing for Records[edit | edit source]



Presbyterian Church Records[edit | edit source]

Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

The Presbyterian Church of Brazil (Portuguese: Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil, or IPB) is the largest Presbyterian denomination in the country, having an estimate 1,011,300 members, 8,315 ordained ministers and 5,015 churches and 5,392 parishes. It is also the only Presbyterian denomination in Brazil present in all 26 States and the Federal District. Brazilian Presbyterianism owes its origin largely to the efforts of Rev. Ashbel Green Simonton (1833–1867). Due to the influence of a religious revival in 1855, he entered Princeton Theological Seminary. Later he, volunteered to PCUSA's Missions Board, naming Brazil as his preferred destination. Two months after being ordained, he embarked to Brazil, where he arrived on August 12, 1859, at the age of 26. In April 1860, Simonton celebrated his first service in Portuguese. In January 1862, the first converts professed their faith and the Presbyterian Church of Rio de Janeiro was formally organized. [11]

The Independent Presbyterian Church of Brazil (in Portuguese: Igreja Presbiteriana Independente do Brasil, IPIB), the second oldest Presbyterian denomination in the country. In 2012, the church had more than 85,000 members and 546 congregations. It was founded by Brazilian minister Rev. Eduardo Carlos Pereira and a group of six other ministers and their churches, who split from the Presbyterian Church of Brazil over a number of political and ecclesiastical controversies. [12]

Seventh-day Adventist Church Records[edit | edit source]

Writing for Records[edit | edit source]

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

The Seventh-day Adventist Church is a major Christian denomination with a significant presence in Brazil[1] with over 1,655,558 members as of June 30, 2018.[13]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Religion in Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020.
  2. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020.
  3. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglican_Episcopal_Church_of_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020.
  4. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Brazilian Baptist Convention", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Baptist_Convention, accessed 6 March 2020.
  5. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "National Baptist Convention, Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention,_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020.
  6. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Catholic Church in Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020.
  7. ↑ The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "Facts and Statistics: Brazil, https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/facts-and-statistics/country/brazil, accessed 8 March 2020.
  8. ↑ "A Visit to Brazil", JW.org, https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201312/visit-to-brazil/, accessed 8 March 2020.
  9. ↑ "Evangelical Lutheran Church of Brazil", in "International Lutheran Council", https://ilc-online.org/members/latin-america/brazil/, accessed 8 March 2020.
  10. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Methodist_Church_in_Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Brazil, accessed 6 March 2020.
  11. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Presbyterian Church of Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Brazil, accessed 8 March 2020.
  12. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Independent Presbyterian Church of Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_Presbyterian_Church_of_Brazil, accessed 8 March 2020.
  13. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Seventh-day Adventist Church in Brazil", in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church_in_Brazil, accessed 8 March 2020.

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