Florida Indigenous Peoples: Difference between revisions
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| link5=[[Indigenous Peoples of Florida]] | |||
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== Tribes and Bands of Florida == | === Tribes and Bands of Florida === | ||
The word Florida originates with a Spanish word meaning "feast of flowers". | |||
A list of American Indians who have lived in Florida was compiled by John R. Swanton in his ''The Indian Tribes of North America.''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/southcarolina/index.htm Available online].</ref> Many of the tribes in this list may have had very limited contact with the area which became Florida. Some have become extinct or have been consolidated with other tribes. Some may simply be variant spellings. | |||
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acuera Acuera], Aguacaleyquen, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ais_people Ais], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alabama_Indians Alabama], Amacono, Amacapiras, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apalachee Apalachee], [[Apalachicola Indians|Apalachicola]], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calusa Calusa], [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/topics/caparaz-tribe/ Caparaz], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatot_(tribe) Chatot], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiaha Chiaha], Chilucan, Chine, [[Creek Indians|Creek]],[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/fresh-water-indians.htm Fresh Water Indians], Guacata, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guale Guale], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitchiti Hitchiti], Icafui, Jeaga, Koasati, [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/macapiras-indians.htm Macapiras] or Amacapiras, [[Miccosukee Indians|Miccosukee]] or Mikasuki, Mococo or Mucoco, [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/muklasa-tribe.htm Muklasa], [[Muscogee (Creek) Nation, Oklahoma|Muskogee]], [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/acuera-indians.htm Ocale or Etocale], Ocita, [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/oconee-tribe.htm Oconee], [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/onatheaqua-tribe.htm Onatheaqua], Osochi, [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tawasa-tribe-and-pawokti-tribe.htm Pawokti], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensacola_people Pensacola], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohoy Pohoy], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pooy Pooy] or Posoy, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potano Potano], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturiwa Saturiwa], Sawokli, [[Seminole Indians|Seminole,]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surruque Surruque], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacatacuru Tacatacuru], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawasa Tawasa], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekesta Tekesta] or Tequesta, Tocoboga, Ucita, Utica or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timucua Timucua], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamasee Yamasee], [[Yuchi Indians|Yuchi,]] [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/yufera-indians.htm Yufera], [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/yui-indians.htm Yui], and [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/yustaga-tribe.htm Yustaga] | |||
Other tribes may have also been residents of the area of Florida, at least for a short time. | Other tribes may have also been residents of the area of Florida, at least for a short time. | ||
===== Tribe Recognized by the State of Florida ===== | ===== Tribe Recognized by the State of Florida ===== | ||
[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/xa-oklev.html Oklevuaha Band of Yamassee] | |||
=== Maps of Indian Land === | |||
This map is of Creek Indian Land in [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maps_of_Miami-Dade_County,_Florida Miami-Dade County, Florida]. | |||
=== Agencies and Subagencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs === | |||
== Agencies and Subagencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs == | |||
[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices. | [[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices. | ||
The following list of agencies or subagencies, that have operated or now exist in Florida, | The following list of agencies or subagencies, that have operated or now exist in Florida, was compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FS Library {{FSC|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others. | ||
*[[Apalachicola Indian Subagency (Florida)|Apalachicola Subagency]] | *[[Apalachicola Indian Subagency (Florida)|Apalachicola Subagency]] | ||
| Line 49: | Line 43: | ||
*[[Seminole Indian Agency (Florida)|Seminole Agency]] 1824-1876 | *[[Seminole Indian Agency (Florida)|Seminole Agency]] 1824-1876 | ||
== | [[Florida Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Florida Superintendency]] 1824-1853 | ||
=== Records === | |||
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br> | |||
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]] | |||
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]] | |||
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]] | |||
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]] | |||
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]] | |||
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]] | |||
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]] | |||
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]] | |||
====Other Records==== | |||
*[https://genealogytrails.com/fla/news_natam.html Native American News Stories] at Genealogy Trails | |||
=== Reservations === | |||
= | From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government. | ||
Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. Sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies. | |||
The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether. | |||
For a current reservation map, see [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/FL.pdf Florida - Indian Reservations] - ''The National Atlas of the United States of America. Federal Lands and Indian Reservations'', by the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Geological Survey. | |||
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/fl.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.(FS Library book {{FSC|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. Those reservations named in '''bold''' are current federally recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government. | |||
*[[Big Cypress Reservation, Florida|Big Cypress Reservation]]''': '''Federal, Tribe: Seminole | |||
*[[Brighton Reservation, Florida|Brighton Reservation]]''': '''Federal, Tribe: Seminole | |||
*Creek Reservation | |||
*[[Hollywood Reservation, Florida|Dania Reservation]] | |||
*Florida Reservation (1839-1847) | |||
*[[Florida State Indian Reservation|Florida State Indian Reservation]]:State, Broward County, Tribes: Miccosukee and Seminole | |||
*[[Hollywood Reservation, Florida|Hollywood Reservation]]''': '''Federal, Tribe: Seminole(Formerly the Dania Reservation)<br> | |||
*[https://seminoletribune.org/fond-memories-of-immokalee-reservation-roots/ Immokalee Reservation] | |||
*[[Miccosukee Reservation, Florida|Miccosukee Reservation]]:Federal, Tribe: Miccosukee | |||
*[[Seminole Indian Reservation (Oklahoma)|Seminole Reservation]]:Federal,under jurisdiction of [[Seminole Indian Agency (Florida)|Seminole Agency]], Tribe: Wewokaof Oklahoma | |||
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampa_Indian_Reservation Tampa Reservation] | |||
=== For Further Reading === | |||
See also '''[[American Indian For Further Reading]]'''. <div id="fsButtons"><span class="online_records_button">[[Native American Online Genealogy Records]]</span></div><br>Click this button for links to databases, indexes, or sites that help you find an American Indian ancestor by topic or tribe.<br><br><br> | |||
*[[Florida History|Florida - History]] | *[[Florida History|Florida - History]] | ||
*[[Florida Military Records| | *[[Florida Military Records|FloridaMilitary Records]] for a list of forts | ||
*[http://beyreuth.net/NatAmer/index.html Florida Native American Heritage] | *[http://beyreuth.net/NatAmer/index.html Florida Native American Heritage] | ||
FamilySearch Catalog [https://familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&Keyword=Florida+Native+Races&prekeyword=Florida+Native+Races Florida Native Races] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
{{ | <br>{{Native American nav}} | ||
[[Category:Florida]] [[Category: | [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Florida]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of the United States|Florida]] | ||
[[Category:Florida Cultural Groups]] | |||
Latest revision as of 14:54, 11 December 2023
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Tribes and Bands of Florida[edit | edit source]
The word Florida originates with a Spanish word meaning "feast of flowers". A list of American Indians who have lived in Florida was compiled by John R. Swanton in his The Indian Tribes of North America.[1] Many of the tribes in this list may have had very limited contact with the area which became Florida. Some have become extinct or have been consolidated with other tribes. Some may simply be variant spellings.
Acuera, Aguacaleyquen, Ais, Alabama, Amacono, Amacapiras, Apalachee, Apalachicola, Calusa, Caparaz, Chatot, Chiaha, Chilucan, Chine, Creek,Fresh Water Indians, Guacata, Guale, Hitchiti, Icafui, Jeaga, Koasati, Macapiras or Amacapiras, Miccosukee or Mikasuki, Mococo or Mucoco, Muklasa, Muskogee, Ocale or Etocale, Ocita, Oconee, Onatheaqua, Osochi, Pawokti, Pensacola, Pohoy, Pooy or Posoy, Potano, Saturiwa, Sawokli, Seminole, Surruque, Tacatacuru, Tawasa, Tekesta or Tequesta, Tocoboga, Ucita, Utica or Timucua, Yamasee, Yuchi, Yufera, Yui, and Yustaga
Other tribes may have also been residents of the area of Florida, at least for a short time.
Tribe Recognized by the State of Florida[edit | edit source]
Maps of Indian Land[edit | edit source]
This map is of Creek Indian Land in Miami-Dade County, Florida.
Agencies and Subagencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs[edit | edit source]
Agencies and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.
The following list of agencies or subagencies, that have operated or now exist in Florida, was compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...[2], Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians[3], and others.
Florida Superintendency 1824-1853
Records[edit | edit source]
The majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:
- Allotment records
- Annuity rolls
- Census records
- Correspondence
- Health records
- Reports
- School census and records
- Vital records
Other Records[edit | edit source]
- Native American News Stories at Genealogy Trails
Reservations[edit | edit source]
From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.
Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. Sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.
The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.
For a current reservation map, see Florida - Indian Reservations - The National Atlas of the United States of America. Federal Lands and Indian Reservations, by the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Geological Survey.
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the National Atlas of the United States of America[4], the Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America[5], and other sources. Those reservations named in bold are current federally recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.
- Big Cypress Reservation: Federal, Tribe: Seminole
- Brighton Reservation: Federal, Tribe: Seminole
- Creek Reservation
- Dania Reservation
- Florida Reservation (1839-1847)
- Florida State Indian Reservation:State, Broward County, Tribes: Miccosukee and Seminole
- Hollywood Reservation: Federal, Tribe: Seminole(Formerly the Dania Reservation)
- Immokalee Reservation
- Miccosukee Reservation:Federal, Tribe: Miccosukee
- Seminole Reservation:Federal,under jurisdiction of Seminole Agency, Tribe: Wewokaof Oklahoma
- Tampa Reservation
For Further Reading[edit | edit source]
See also American Indian For Further Reading.
Click this button for links to databases, indexes, or sites that help you find an American Indian ancestor by topic or tribe.
- Florida - History
- FloridaMilitary Records for a list of forts
- Florida Native American Heritage
FamilySearch Catalog Florida Native Races
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
- ↑ Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (FamilySearch Library book 970.1 H551o.)
- ↑ Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FS Library book 970.1 H551g.)
- ↑ National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations Available online.
- ↑ Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.(FS Library book 973 E5)