FamilySearch Wiki

Georgia Indigenous Peoples: Difference between revisions

VisualWikitext
mNo edit summary
m (Text replacement - "=FS Library book" to "=FS Catalog book")
 
(53 intermediate revisions by 14 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
''[[United States]]   [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]]  [[Georgia (state)|Georgia]]   [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]]  [[Indians_of_Georgia|American Indians]]''
{{GA-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb
| link1=[[United States Genealogy|United States]]
| link2=[[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]
| link3=[[Georgia, United States Genealogy|Georgia]]
| link4=
| link5=[[Indigenous Peoples of Georgia]]
}}
 
Learn about the indigenous people of Georgia, the tribes and bands, state recognized tribes, agencies, reservations and records.


To learn how to get started with American Indian research, find research facilities, and American Indian websites [[American Indian Genealogy|click here]].<br>  
To learn how to get started with American Indian research, find research facilities, and American Indian websites [[American Indian Genealogy|click here]].<br>  


=== Tribes and Bands of Georgia  ===
== Tribes and Bands of Georgia  ==


A list of American Indians who have lived in Georgia has been compiled by John R. Swanton in his ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/southcarolina/index.htm Available online].</ref> Many of the tribes in this list may have had very limited contact with the area which became Georgia. Some have become extinct or have been consolidated with other tribes. And some may simply be variant spellings.  
A list of Native Americans who have lived in Georgia has been compiled by John R. Swanton in his ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/southcarolina/index.htm Available online].</ref> Many of the tribes in this list may have had very limited contact with the area which became Georgia. Some have become extinct or have been consolidated with other tribes. And some may simply be variant spellings.  


*Apalachee  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/apalachee-indians.htm Apalachee]
*[[Apalachicola Indians|Apalachicola]]  
*[[Apalachicola Indians|Apalachicola]]  
*[[Catawba Indians|Catawba]]  
*[[Catawba Indians|Catawba]]  
*Chatot  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/chatot-tribe.htm Chatot]
*[[Cherokee Indians|Cherokee]]  
*[[Cherokee Indians|Cherokee]]  
*Chiaha  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/chiaha-tribe.htm Chiaha]
*[[Chickasaw Indians|Chickasaw]]  
*[[Chickasaw Indians|Chickasaw]]  
*[[Chickasaw Indians|Chickasaw Indians]] Creek  
*[[Chickasaw Indians|Chickasaw Indians]] Creek  
*Guale  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/guale-indians.htm Guale]
*Hitchiti  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/hitchiti-tribe.htm Hitchiti ]
*Kasihta  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/kasihta-tribe.htm Kasihta]
*Oconee  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/oconee-tribe.htm Oconee]
*Okmulgee  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/okmulgee-tribe.htm Okmulgee]
*Osochi  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/osochi-tribe.htm Osochi ]
*Sawokli  
*Sawokli  
*[[Shawnee Indians|Shawnee]]  
*[[Shawnee Indians|Shawnee]]  
*[[Shawnee Indians|Shawnee Indians]] Tamathli  
*Tamathli  
*Timucua  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/timucua-tribe.htm Timucua ]
*Yamasee  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/yamasee-tribe.htm Yamasee]
*[[Yuchi Indians|Yuchi]]
*[[Yuchi Indians|Yuchi]]


Other tribes may have also been residents of the area of Georgia, at least for a short time.  
Other tribes may have also been residents of the area of Georgia, at least for a short time.  


=== Reservations ===
== Georgia State Recognized Tribes  ==
 
*The [http://www.cherokeeofgeorgia.us/main/home.sfx Cherokee of Georgia] Tribal Council (also known as Cherokee Indians of Georgia, Inc.)
 
*[http://www.thegeorgiatribeofeasterncherokee.com/ Georgia Tribe of Eastern Cherokees, Inc.,]
 
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lower_Muskogee_Creek_Tribe_%28East_of_the_Mississippi%29 Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe East of the Mississippi, Inc].
 
== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs ==
 
[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.
 
The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Georgia has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. {{FSC|247426|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. {{FSC|207428|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.


From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.
*[[Creek Indian Agency (Georgia)|Creek Agency]]


Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.
== Records  ==


The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.  
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br>


The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/ga.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.(Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. Those reservations named in '''bold''' are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]]
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]]
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]]
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]


*Georgia Tribe of Eastern Cherokee
== FamilySearch Library  ==
*Tama Tribal Town


=== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs  ===
For a complete list of available study the FamilySearch Catalog search by Tribe and Locality


[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.
*Office of Indian Trade 1795-1821 13 films - M1334 Film {{FSC|362382|item|disp=FS Library film 1605523}}
*Office of Indian Affairs, Superintendent of Indian Trade. Letter book of the [[Creek Indians|Creek]] trading house. 1795-1816, {{FSC|362382|item|disp=FS Library film 1024433}}.
*Davis, Robert Scott. A Guide to Native American (Indian) Research Sources at the Georgia Department of Archives and History{{FSC|511344|item|disp= book 970.1 D297g}} [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/511344 Available through the FamilySearch Catalog] [http://www.worldcat.org/title/guide-to-native-american-indian-research-sources-at-the-georgia-department-of-archives-and-history/oclc/13525815 WorldCat ]
*Thaxton, Donna B., Carlton J. Thaxton and C. Stanton Thaxton. Georgia Indian Depredation Claims {{FSC| 595260|item|disp=FS Library  book 970.1 G296t}} [http://www.worldcat.org/title/georgia-indian-depredation-claims/oclc/19575980 WorldCat]
*Trowell, C. T. Exploring the Okefenokee: Letters and Diaries from the Indian Wars, 1836-1842. Research Paper (C.T. Trowell). Manuscript series no. 1;5. {{FSC|644703|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 T759e}} [http://www.worldcat.org/title/exploring-the-okefenokee-letters-and-diaries-from-the-indian-wars-1836-1842/oclc/866298516 WorldCat]


The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Georgia has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library {{FHL|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL {{FHL|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.
FamilySearch Catalog [https://familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&keyword=Georgia+Native+Races&prekeyword=Georgia+Native+Races Georgia Native Races] list titles of interest


*[[Creek Indian Agency (Georgia)|Creek Agency]]
== Reservations  ==


=== Family History Library  ===
From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.


For a complete list of available study the Family History Library Catalog search by Tribe and Locality
Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.


*Office of Indian Trade 1795-1821 13 films - M1334 Film Family History Library 1st microfilm {{FHL|362382|title-id|disp=1605523}}
The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.  
*Office of Indian Affairs, Superintendent of Indian Trade. Letter book of the Creek trading house. 1795-1816, Family History Library film {{FHL|362382|title-id|disp=1024433}}.


=== See Also: ===
For a current reservation map - [http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/printableViewer.htm?imgF=images/preview/fedlands/GA.gif&imgW=588&imgH=450 Georgia - Indian Reservations ]- The National Atlas of the United States of America. Federal Lands and Indian Reservations. by the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Geological Survey


[[Georgia History|Georgia-History]] for a calendar of events
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/fedlands.html#list Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991. {{FSC|433280|item|disp=FS Catalog book 973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. Those reservations named in '''bold''' are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.


[[Georgia Military Records|Georgia-Military]] for a list of forts
*Georgia Tribe of Eastern Cherokee
*Tama Tribal Town


=== References ===
== For Further Reading ==


<references />  
See also '''[[American Indian For Further Reading]]'''. <div id="fsButtons"><span class="online_records_button">[[Native American Online Genealogy Records]]</span></div><br>Click this button for links to databases, indexes, or sites that help you find an American Indian ancestor by topic or tribe.<br><br><br>
*[[Georgia History|Georgia-History]] for a calendar of events
*[[Georgia Military Records|Georgia-Military]] for a list of forts


=== Bibliography ===
== References ==


*"Accompanying Pamphlet for Microcopy 1011", National Archives Microfilm Publications, Appendix.
<references />
*''American Indians: A Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications''. Washington DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, National Archives and Records Administration, 1998.
*Gilbert, William Harlen, Jr. Surviving Indian Groups in the Eastern United States. Pp. 407-438 of the Smithsonian Report for 1948. [http://picasaweb.google.com/craingen/Surviving_Indian_Groups# Available online].
*Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981.
*Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches''. New York, New York: Clearwater Publishing Company, Inc., 1974.
*''Historical Sketches for Jurisdictional and Subject Headings Used for the Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880''. National Archives Microcopy T1105.
*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].
*Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.
*National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/GA.pdf Available online].
*''Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~texlance/records/bia(dc)intro.htm Available online]
*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/georgia/index.htm Available online].


{{Georgia|Georgia}}  
{{Native American nav}}


[[Category:Georgia|American Indians]] [[Category:Indians_of_the_United_States]]
[[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Georgia (state)]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of the United States]]
[[Category:Georgia (State) Cultural Groups]]

Latest revision as of 14:46, 18 April 2024

Georgia Wiki Topics
Georgia flag.png
Beginning Research
Record Types
Georgia Background
Cultural Groups
Local Research Resources
Moderator

Learn about the indigenous people of Georgia, the tribes and bands, state recognized tribes, agencies, reservations and records.

To learn how to get started with American Indian research, find research facilities, and American Indian websites click here.

Tribes and Bands of Georgia

A list of Native Americans who have lived in Georgia has been compiled by John R. Swanton in his The Indian Tribes of North America[1] Many of the tribes in this list may have had very limited contact with the area which became Georgia. Some have become extinct or have been consolidated with other tribes. And some may simply be variant spellings.

Other tribes may have also been residents of the area of Georgia, at least for a short time.

Georgia State Recognized Tribes

Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs

Agencies and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.

The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Georgia has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...[2], Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians[3], and others.

Records

The majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:

FamilySearch Library

For a complete list of available study the FamilySearch Catalog search by Tribe and Locality

FamilySearch Catalog Georgia Native Races list titles of interest

Reservations

From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.

Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.

The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.

For a current reservation map - Georgia - Indian Reservations - The National Atlas of the United States of America. Federal Lands and Indian Reservations. by the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Geological Survey

The following list of reservations has been compiled from the National Atlas of the United States of America[4], the Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America[5], and other sources. Those reservations named in bold are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.

  • Georgia Tribe of Eastern Cherokee
  • Tama Tribal Town

For Further Reading

See also American Indian For Further Reading.


Click this button for links to databases, indexes, or sites that help you find an American Indian ancestor by topic or tribe.


References

  1. ↑ Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
  2. ↑ Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. FS Catalog book 970.1 H551o.)
  3. ↑ Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. FS Catalog book 970.1 H551g.)
  4. ↑ National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations Available online.
  5. ↑ Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991. FS Catalog book 973 E5)
v • d• e
Links to Indigenous Peoples of the US-related articles
Tribes
Record
Types
BIA
Topics
State
Indian
Pages
Reser-
vations
by State
Retrieved from "https://integration-ru.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=Georgia_Indigenous_Peoples&oldid=5698689"