FamilySearch Wiki

South Dakota Indigenous Peoples: Difference between revisions

VisualWikitext
mNo edit summary
m (Text replacement - "{{Adoption SDGenWeb}}" to "")
 
(60 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) established several field agencies in [[South Dakota]] to administer Indian programs on eight different reservations. Various Sioux tribes lived on those reservations, including the Santee, Teton (Brule and Oglala), Yankton, and Yanktonnais. Other Indian tribes who lived in South Dakota in the early nineteenth century included the Arikara, Cheyenne, Omaha, and Poncas.
{{SD-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb
| link1=[[United States Genealogy|United States]]
| link2=[[Indigenous Peoples of the United States Genealogy|Indigenous Peoples of the United States Research]]
| link3=[[South Dakota, United States Genealogy|South Dakota]]
| link4=
| link5=[[Indigenous Peoples of South Dakota]]
}}


To learn how to get started with American Indian research, find research facilities, and American Indian websites [[American Indian Genealogy|click here]].<br>
{| style="float:right; margin-right:200px"
|-
| style="padding-right:0px"|
| [[Image:Arapaho, Circle Left Hand, 1908.jpg|right|380x290px]]
|}


== Tribes and Bands of South Dakota  ==


The following list of American Indians who have lived in South Dakota has been compiled from Hodge's ''Handbook of American Indians...''<ref>Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].</ref> and from Swanton's ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/southdakota/index.htm Available online].</ref>. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe.  
__TOC__
<div id="fsButtons"><span class="online_records_button">[[Native American Online Genealogy Records]]</span></div>
 
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) established several field agencies in [[South Dakota Genealogy|South Dakota]] to administer Indian programs on eight different reservations. Various Sioux tribes lived on those reservations, including the Santee, Teton (Brule and Oglala), Yankton, and Yanktonnais. Other Indian tribes who lived in South Dakota in the early nineteenth century included the Arikara, Cheyenne, Omaha, and Poncas.
 
=== Tribes and Bands of South Dakota  ===
 
The following list of indigenous people who have lived in South Dakota has been compiled from Hodge's ''Handbook of American Indians...''<ref>Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [https://archive.org/details/handbookamindians02hodgrich Available online].</ref> and from Swanton's ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/southdakota/index.htm Available online].</ref>. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe.  


*[[Arapaho Indians|Arapaho]]  
*[[Arapaho Indians|Arapaho]]  
*[[Arikara Indians|Arikara]]  
*[[Arikara Indians|Arikara]]  
*Cheyenne (Northern) -- see [[Northern Cheyenne Tribe|Northern Cheyenne]]<br>
*Cheyenne (Northern) -- see [[Northern Cheyenne Tribe|Northern Cheyenne]]<br>  
*[[Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, South Dakota|Cheyenne River Sioux]]  
*[[Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, South Dakota|Cheyenne River Sioux]]  
*[[Crow Creek Sioux Tribe|Crow Creek Sioux]]  
*[[Crow Creek Sioux Tribe|Crow Creek Sioux]]  
*Dakota  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/dakota-tribe.htm Dakota]
*[[Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe|Flandreau Santee Sioux]]  
*[[Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe|Flandreau Santee Sioux]]  
*[[Kiowa Indians|Kiowa]]  
*[[Kiowa Indians|Kiowa]]  
Line 25: Line 41:
*[[Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe, South Dakota|Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux]]  
*[[Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe, South Dakota|Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux]]  
*[[Standing Rock Sioux Tribe|Standing Rock Sioux]]  
*[[Standing Rock Sioux Tribe|Standing Rock Sioux]]  
*Sutaio  
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/sutaio-tribe.htm Sutaio]
*[[Winnebago Indians|Winnebago]]  
*[[Winnebago Indians|Winnebago]]  
*[[Yankton Sioux Tribe, South Dakota|Yankton Sioux]]
*[[Yankton Sioux Tribe, South Dakota|Yankton Sioux]]
<br>


Four Bands of Lakota Sioux: Minnecoujou, Two Kettle, Sans Arc, and Blackfoot  
Four Bands of Lakota Sioux: Minnecoujou, Two Kettle, Sans Arc, and Blackfoot  


== Reservations  ==
=== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs ===
 
From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.
 
Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.
 
The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.
 
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/sd.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.(Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. Those reservations named in '''bold''' are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.
 
*[[Cheyenne River Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Cheyenne River]] Reservation (created ______)
*[[Crow Creek Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Crow Creek]] Reservation (created ______)
*Flandreau Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Flandreau Santee Sioux Agency, Tribe: Flandreau Santee Sioux
*Grande River Reservation
*[[Lake Traverse Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Lake Traverse]] Reservation
*[[Lower Brule Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Lower Brule]] Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Lower Brule Agency, Tribe: Sioux
*[[Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Pine Ridge]] Reservation or Wowakita Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge Agency, Tribe: Oglala Sioux
*[[Rosebud Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Rosebud]] Reservation (before 1878 Spotted Trail) -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Rosebud Agency, Tribe: Sioux
*Sisseton Reservation
*Spotted Tail Reservation -- Prior to 1878, this was the name for the current Rosebud Reservation (see above).
*[[Standing Rock Indian Reservation|Standing Rock]] Reservation -- [http://www.standingrock.org/?id=2&page=History Standing Rock Reservation] is located in south-central North Dakota and in north-central South Dakota. It consists of over 3500 square miles in Sioux County, North Dakota and Corson County, South Dakota, along with small parts of Dewey and Ziebach Counties, South Dakota, The population of 8250 (2000 pop. figures) are Dakota and Lakota Sioux.
*Wowakita Reservation -- This is another name for the [[Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Pine Ridge Reservation]] (see above).
*[[Yankton Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Yankton]] Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Yankton Agency, Tribe Yankton Sioux


== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs ==
[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and sub-agencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.


[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.  
The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in South Dakota has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FS Library {{FSC|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.  


The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in South Dakota has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library {{FHL|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL {{FHL|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.  
[[Image:Bureau of Indian Affairs - US. Department Of The Interior.png|right|300x300px|Bureau of Indian Affairs - US. Department Of The Interior.png]]


*[[Cheyenne River Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Cheyenne River Agency]]  
*[[Cheyenne River Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Cheyenne River Agency]]  
Line 70: Line 62:
*[[Pine Ridge Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Pine Ridge Agency]]  
*[[Pine Ridge Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Pine Ridge Agency]]  
*[[Red Cloud Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Red Cloud Agency]]  
*[[Red Cloud Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Red Cloud Agency]]  
*[[Rosebud Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Rosebud Agency]]<br>
*[[Rosebud Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Rosebud Agency]]<br>  
*[[Spotted Tail Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Spotted Tail Agency]]  
*[[Spotted Tail Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Spotted Tail Agency]]  
*[[Standing Rock Indian Agency (North Dakota)|Standing Rock Agency]]  
*[[Standing Rock Indian Agency (North Dakota)|Standing Rock Agency]]  
*[[Upper Missouri Indian Agency|Upper Missouri Agency]]  
*[[Upper Missouri Indian Agency|Upper Missouri Agency]]  
*[[Whetstone Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Whetstone Agency]] 1871-1874  
*[[Whetstone Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Whetstone Agency]] 1871-1874  
*[[Yankton Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Yankton Agency]], 1859-1876
*[[Yankton Indian Agency (South Dakota)|Yankton Agency]], 1859-1876<br>
 
=== Records  ===
 
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br>
 
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]]
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]]
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]]
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]
 
===Allotment Records===
 
Allotted Tribes of South Dakota


== Indian Schools  ==
•Cheyenne River, Crow Creek Reservation, Lake Traverse, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Standing Rock, Yankton
•Sisseton-Sioux
 
=== Indian Schools  ===


The Office of Indian Affairs (now the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]]) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on Indian children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools which served Indian children from a number of tribes and reservations.  
The Office of Indian Affairs (now the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]]) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on Indian children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools which served Indian children from a number of tribes and reservations.  


In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on American Indian children. ([[American Indian School Records|read more...]])  
In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on Native American children. ([[American Indian School Records|read more...]])  


The following list of Indian Schools in South Dakota has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library {{FHL|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL {{FHL|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.  
The following list of Indian Schools in South Dakota has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. {{FSC|247426|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551o}}</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. {{FSC|207428|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551g}}.</ref>, and others.  
 
[[Image:Carlisle Indian School Band Seated on Steps of a School Building, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1915 - NARA - 518927.jpg|right|320x240px]]


*[[Chamberlain Indian School (South Dakota)|Chamberlain School]]  
*[[Chamberlain Indian School (South Dakota)|Chamberlain School]]  
*[[Flandreau Indian Vocational High School (South Dakota)|Flandreau School ]]1906-1937 (Family History Library film {{FHL|280392|title-id|disp=1017424}} )
*[[Flandreau Indian Vocational High School (South Dakota)|Flandreau School ]]1906-1937 {{FSC|280392|item|disp=FS Library film 1017424}}  
*Holy Rosary Mission School  
*Holy Rosary Mission School  
*[[Hope Indian School (South Dakota)|Hope School]]  
*[[Hope Indian School (South Dakota)|Hope School]]  
Line 92: Line 106:
*Oglala Boarding School  
*Oglala Boarding School  
*Oglala Lakota College, near Kyle, four year accredited  
*Oglala Lakota College, near Kyle, four year accredited  
*[[Pierre Indian School (South Dakota)|Pierre School]] (record group 75 roll 167 Family History Library {{FHL|386754|subject-id|disp=1205162}} )
*[[Pierre Indian School (South Dakota)|Pierre School]], Micro-reproduction of original: "Bureau of Indian Affairs. Pierre Indian School, 1932-1936." {{FSC|285741|item|disp=FS Library film 1205162}}  
*[[Rapid City Indian School|Rapid City School]] (Family History Library film {{FHL|280424|title-id|disp=1204882}})
*[[Rapid City Indian School|Rapid City School]] {{FSC|280424|item|disp=FS Library film 1204882}}  
*Sisseton-Wahpeton College.  
*Sisseton-Wahpeton College.  
*[[Springfield Indian School (South Dakota)|Springfield School]]
*[[Springfield Indian School (South Dakota)|Springfield School]]
Line 99: Line 113:
In addition to government schools for the Native Americans, several churches established educational institutions for them. Among them were:  
In addition to government schools for the Native Americans, several churches established educational institutions for them. Among them were:  


*Catholic Mission Schools (Family History Library has some records)  
*Catholic Mission Schools (FamilySearch Library has some records)  
*Protesant Mission Schools (Family History Library has some records)
*Protestant Mission Schools (FamilySearch Library has some records)<br>


== Indian Health Facilities  ==
=== Indian Health Facilities  ===


*[[Canton Indian Insane Asylum (South Dakota)|Canton Indian Insane Asylum]]  
*[[Canton Indian Insane Asylum (South Dakota)|Canton Indian Insane Asylum]]  
*[[Rapid City Sanatorium (South Dakota)|Rapid City Sanatorium]]  
*[[Rapid City Sanatorium (South Dakota)|Rapid City Sanatorium]]  
*[[Sioux Indian Sanatorium (South Dakota)|Sioux Sanatorium]]
*[[Sioux Indian Sanatorium (South Dakota)|Sioux Sanatorium]]<br>


== Records  ==
=== Records Available through the FamilySearch Library ===


The Family History Library has 130 microfilms of BIA records from the Cheyenne River, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Sisseton, Standing Rock, and other agencies. These include birth, marriage, death, adoption, census, school, land allotment, probate, military, and miscellaneous records. Most of the records were created between 1870 and 1970.  
The FamilySearch Library has 130 microfilms of BIA records from the Cheyenne River, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Sisseton, Standing Rock, and other agencies. These include birth, marriage, death, adoption, census, school, land allotment, probate, military, and miscellaneous records. Most of the records were created between 1870 and 1970.  


Major James McLaughlin records 1855-1937 (Family History Library 1st film {{FHL|53160|title-id|disp=0541380}})
Major James McLaughlin records 1855-1937 {{FSC|53160|item|disp=FS Library film 541380 (first of 39 films)}} Guide to the microfilm edition of Major James McLaughlin Papers. FS Library book 973 No. 2000


Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs 1813-1878 (108 films M 856 Family History Library 1st film {{FHL|589935|title-id|disp=1602893}})
Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs 1813-1878 {{FSC|589935|item|disp=FS Library film 1602893 (first of 108 films)}}  


Dakota Superintendency (13 films M1016 Family History Library 1st film {{FHL|589069|title-id|disp=1549632}})
Dakota Superintendency {{FSC|589069|item|disp=FS Library film 1549632 (first of 13 films)}}  


1880 Rosebud Census and 1886 - 1842 Supplemental Vital records M 59(Family History Library1st film {{FHL|0573847|film|disp=0573847}} )
1880 Rosebud Census and 1886 - 1942 Supplemental Vital records M 59 {{FSC|297519|item|disp=FS Library film 573847 (first of 692 films)}}  


These records are listed in the Locality Search of the Family History Library Catalog under NATIVE RACES and other subjects such as CENSUS, VITAL RECORDS, and LAND AND PROPERTY. You will also find records listed in the subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under the names of the tribe, such as SIOUX INDIANS.  
These records are listed in the Locality Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under NATIVE RACES and other subjects such as CENSUS, VITAL RECORDS, and LAND AND PROPERTY. You will also find records listed in the subject section of the FamilySearch Catalog under the names of the tribe, such as SIOUX INDIANS.  


The original BIA records are at the National Archives—Central Plains Region at Kansas City, MO (see Archives and Libraries Section above for address).  
The original BIA records are at the National Archives—Central Plains Region at Kansas City, MO (see Archives and Libraries Section above for address).  


== '''See Also''' ==
=== Reservations  ===
 
From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward Native Americans was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.
 
Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.
 
The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.
 
For a current reservation map - [http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/printableViewer.htm?imgF=images/preview/fedlands/SD.gif&imgW=588&imgH=450 South Dakota - Indian Reservations ]- The National Atlas of the United States of America. Federal Lands and Indian Reservations. by the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Geological Survey.
 
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/sd.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.(FS Library book {{FSC|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources. Those reservations named in '''bold''' are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.
 
*[[Cheyenne River Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Cheyenne River]] Reservation (created ______)
*[[Crow Creek Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Crow Creek]] Reservation (created ______)
*Flandreau Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Flandreau Santee Sioux Agency, Tribe: Flandreau Santee Sioux
*Grande River Reservation
*[[Lake Traverse Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Lake Traverse]] Reservation
*[[Lower Brule Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Lower Brule]] Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Lower Brule Agency, Tribe: Sioux
*[[Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Pine Ridge]] Reservation or Wowakita Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge Agency, Tribe: Oglala Sioux
*[[Rosebud Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Rosebud]] Reservation (before 1878 Spotted Trail) -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Rosebud Agency, Tribe: Sioux
*Sisseton Reservation
*Spotted Tail Reservation -- Prior to 1878, this was the name for the current Rosebud Reservation (see above).
*[[Standing Rock Indian Reservation|Standing Rock]] Reservation -- [http://www.standingrock.org/?id=2&page=History Standing Rock Reservation] is located in south-central North Dakota and in north-central South Dakota. It consists of over 3500 square miles in Sioux County, North Dakota and Corson County, South Dakota, along with small parts of Dewey and Ziebach Counties, South Dakota, The population of 8250 (2000 pop. figures) are Dakota and Lakota Sioux.
*Wowakita Reservation -- This is another name for the [[Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Pine Ridge Reservation]] (see above).
*[[Yankton Indian Reservation (South Dakota)|Yankton]] Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Yankton Agency, Tribe Yankton Sioux


[[South Dakota Church Records|South Dakota_Church Records]] for a list of missions
==== FamilySearch Library  ====


[[South Dakota History|South Dakota_History]]
FamilySearch Catalog ''Places'' search {{FSC|337686|subject_id|disp=United States, North Dakota - Native races}} lists over 39 titles of interest.


[[South Dakota Military Records|South Dakota_Military Records]] for a list of forts
=== For Further Reading  ===


== References  ==
See also '''[[American Indian For Further Reading]]'''.


<references />
*[[South Dakota Church Records|South Dakota_Church Records]] for a list of missions
*[[South Dakota History|South Dakota_History]]
*[[South Dakota Military Records|South Dakota_Military Records]] for a list of forts


==== Bibliography ====
=== References ===


*"Accompanying Pamphlet for Microcopy 1011", National Archives Microfilm Publications, Appendix.
<references />
*''American Indians: A Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications''. Washington DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, National Archives and Records Administration, 1998.
*Child, Brenda J. ''Boarding School Seasons: American Indian Families, 1900-1940''. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38601984&referer=brief_results WorldCat 38601984]; {{FHL|1123164|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 C436b}}.
*Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981.
*Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches''. New York, New York: Clearwater Publishing Company, Inc., 1974.
*''Historical Sketches for Jurisdictional and Subject Headings Used for the Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880''. National Archives Microcopy T1105.
*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].
*Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.
*National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/SD.pdf Available online].
*''Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~texlance/records/bia(dc)intro.htm Available online]
*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/southdakota/index.htm Available online].


{{South Dakota|South Dakota}}  
{{Native American nav}} {{South Dakota|South Dakota}}  


[[Category:South_Dakota]] [[Category:Indians_of_the_United_States]]
[[Category:Indigenous Tribes of South Dakota]]
[[Category:South Dakota Cultural Groups]]

Latest revision as of 16:14, 22 April 2024

South Dakota Wiki Topics
South Dakota flag.png
Beginning Research
Record Types
South Dakota Background
Cultural Groups
Local Research Resources
Arapaho, Circle Left Hand, 1908.jpg


The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) established several field agencies in South Dakota to administer Indian programs on eight different reservations. Various Sioux tribes lived on those reservations, including the Santee, Teton (Brule and Oglala), Yankton, and Yanktonnais. Other Indian tribes who lived in South Dakota in the early nineteenth century included the Arikara, Cheyenne, Omaha, and Poncas.

Tribes and Bands of South Dakota

The following list of indigenous people who have lived in South Dakota has been compiled from Hodge's Handbook of American Indians...[1] and from Swanton's The Indian Tribes of North America[2]. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe.

Four Bands of Lakota Sioux: Minnecoujou, Two Kettle, Sans Arc, and Blackfoot

Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs

Agencies and sub-agencies were created as administrative offices of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.

The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in South Dakota has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...[3], Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians[4], and others.

Bureau of Indian Affairs - US. Department Of The Interior.png

Records

The majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:

Allotment Records

Allotted Tribes of South Dakota

•Cheyenne River, Crow Creek Reservation, Lake Traverse, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Standing Rock, Yankton •Sisseton-Sioux

Indian Schools

The Office of Indian Affairs (now the Bureau of Indian Affairs) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on Indian children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools which served Indian children from a number of tribes and reservations.

In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on Native American children. (read more...)

The following list of Indian Schools in South Dakota has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...[5], Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians[6], and others.

Carlisle Indian School Band Seated on Steps of a School Building, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1915 - NARA - 518927.jpg

In addition to government schools for the Native Americans, several churches established educational institutions for them. Among them were:

  • Catholic Mission Schools (FamilySearch Library has some records)
  • Protestant Mission Schools (FamilySearch Library has some records)

Indian Health Facilities

Records Available through the FamilySearch Library

The FamilySearch Library has 130 microfilms of BIA records from the Cheyenne River, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Sisseton, Standing Rock, and other agencies. These include birth, marriage, death, adoption, census, school, land allotment, probate, military, and miscellaneous records. Most of the records were created between 1870 and 1970.

Major James McLaughlin records 1855-1937 FS Library film 541380 (first of 39 films) Guide to the microfilm edition of Major James McLaughlin Papers. FS Library book 973 No. 2000

Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs 1813-1878 FS Library film 1602893 (first of 108 films)

Dakota Superintendency FS Library film 1549632 (first of 13 films)

1880 Rosebud Census and 1886 - 1942 Supplemental Vital records M 59 FS Library film 573847 (first of 692 films)

These records are listed in the Locality Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under NATIVE RACES and other subjects such as CENSUS, VITAL RECORDS, and LAND AND PROPERTY. You will also find records listed in the subject section of the FamilySearch Catalog under the names of the tribe, such as SIOUX INDIANS.

The original BIA records are at the National Archives—Central Plains Region at Kansas City, MO (see Archives and Libraries Section above for address).

Reservations

From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward Native Americans was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.

Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.

The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.

For a current reservation map - South Dakota - Indian Reservations - The National Atlas of the United States of America. Federal Lands and Indian Reservations. by the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Geological Survey.

The following list of reservations has been compiled from the National Atlas of the United States of America[7], the Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America[8], and other sources. Those reservations named in bold are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.

  • Cheyenne River Reservation (created ______)
  • Crow Creek Reservation (created ______)
  • Flandreau Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Flandreau Santee Sioux Agency, Tribe: Flandreau Santee Sioux
  • Grande River Reservation
  • Lake Traverse Reservation
  • Lower Brule Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Lower Brule Agency, Tribe: Sioux
  • Pine Ridge Reservation or Wowakita Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge Agency, Tribe: Oglala Sioux
  • Rosebud Reservation (before 1878 Spotted Trail) -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Rosebud Agency, Tribe: Sioux
  • Sisseton Reservation
  • Spotted Tail Reservation -- Prior to 1878, this was the name for the current Rosebud Reservation (see above).
  • Standing Rock Reservation -- Standing Rock Reservation is located in south-central North Dakota and in north-central South Dakota. It consists of over 3500 square miles in Sioux County, North Dakota and Corson County, South Dakota, along with small parts of Dewey and Ziebach Counties, South Dakota, The population of 8250 (2000 pop. figures) are Dakota and Lakota Sioux.
  • Wowakita Reservation -- This is another name for the Pine Ridge Reservation (see above).
  • Yankton Reservation -- Federal, under jurisdiction of the Yankton Agency, Tribe Yankton Sioux

FamilySearch Library

FamilySearch Catalog Places search United States, North Dakota - Native races lists over 39 titles of interest.

For Further Reading

See also American Indian For Further Reading.

References

  1. ↑ Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. Available online.
  2. ↑ Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
  3. ↑ Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (FamilySearch Library book 970.1 H551o.)
  4. ↑ Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FS Library book 970.1 H551g.)
  5. ↑ Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. FS Catalog book 970.1 H551o
  6. ↑ Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. FS Catalog book 970.1 H551g.
  7. ↑ National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations Available online.
  8. ↑ Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.(FS Library book 973 E5)
v • d• e
Links to Indigenous Peoples of the US-related articles
Tribes
Record
Types
BIA
Topics
State
Indian
Pages
Reser-
vations
by State
v • d• e
Links to South Dakota-related articles
Topics
Counties
Extinct
 Counties
Major
 Repositories
Migration
 Routes
Retrieved from "https://integration-ru.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=South_Dakota_Indigenous_Peoples&oldid=5701729"