French Polynesia Languages: Difference between revisions

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{{breadcrumb
{{CountrySidebar
|Country=French Polynesia
|Name=French Polynesia
|Type=Topic
|Topic Type=Background
|Background=Languages
|Rating=Standardized
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| link1=[[French Polynesia Genealogy|French Polynesia]]
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| link5=[[French Polynesia Languages|Languages]]
| link5=[[French Polynesia Languages|Languages]]
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{{French Polynesia-sidebar}}


==Description==
==Description==
French is the only official language of French Polynesia. An organic law of 12 April 1996 states that "French is the official language, Tahitian and other Polynesian languages can be used." At the 2017 census, among the population whose age was 15 and older, 73.9% of people reported that the language they spoke the most at home was French (up from 68.6% at the 2007 census), 20.2% reported that the language they spoke the most at home was Tahitian (down from 24.3% at the 2007 census), 2.6% reported Marquesan and 0.2% the related Mangareva language (same percentages for both at the 2007 census), 1.2% reported any of the Austral languages (down from 1.3% at the 2007 census), 1.0% reported Tuamotuan (down from 1.5% at the 2007 census), 0.6% reported a Chinese dialect (41% of which was Hakka) (down from 1.0% at the 2007 census), and 0.4% another language (more than half of which was English) (down from 0.5% at the 2007 census).
'''French''' is the only official language of French Polynesia. An organic law of 12 April 1996 states that "French is the official language, Tahitian and other Polynesian languages can be used."  


At the same census, 95.2% of people whose age was 15 or older reported that they could speak, read and write French (up from 94.7% at the 2007 census), whereas only 1.3% reported that they had no knowledge of French (down from 2.0% at the 2007 census). 86.5% of people whose age was 15 or older reported that they had some form of knowledge of at least one Polynesian language (up from 86.4% at the 2007 census but down from 87.8% at the 2012 census), whereas 13.5% reported that they had no knowledge of any of the Polynesian languages (down from 13.6% at the 2007 census but up from 12.2% at the 2012 census).
At the 2017 census, among the population whose age was 15 and older:
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "French Polynesia Languages," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Polynesia#Languages, accessed 15 June 2021.</ref>
*73.9% French
*20.2% Tahitian
*2.6% Marquesan
*1.2% Austral languages
*1.0% Tuamotuan
*0.6% Chinese dialect (41% of which was Hakka)
*0.4% Other language (more than half of which was English)
*0.2% reported Mangareva language
 
Also on the 2017 census:
*95.2% of people whose age was 15 or older reported that they could speak, read and write French
*1.3% reported that they had no knowledge of French
*86.5% of people whose age was 15 or older reported that they had some form of knowledge of at least one Polynesian language
*13.5% reported that they had no knowledge of any of the Polynesian languages <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "French Polynesia Languages," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Polynesia#Languages, accessed 15 June 2021.</ref>


==Word List(s)==
==Word List(s)==
*[[French Genealogical Word List]]
'''French'''
*[https://1000mostcommonwords.com/1000-most-common-french-words/ Most Common French Words]
*[[French Genealogical Word List|French Genealogical Word List]]
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/french.php Useful French phrases]
*[https://1000mostcommonwords.com/1000-most-common-french-words/ Most Common French Words at 1000MostCommonWords]
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/french.php Useful French phrases at Omniglot]
 
'''Tahitian'''
*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/tahitian.php Useful Tahitian Phrases at Omniglot]
*[https://wikitravel.org/en/Tahitian_phrasebook Tahitian Phrasebook at Wikitravel]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahitian_language#Vocabulary Common Tahitian Words and Phrases at Wikipedia]
{| class="wikitable"
!'''Tahitian'''
!'''English'''
|-
| ''’Ia ora na''
| hello, greetings
|-
| ''haere mai'', ''maeva'', ''mānava''
| welcome
|-
| ''pārahi''
| goodbye
|-
| ''nana''
| bye
|-
| ''’ē''
| yes
|-
| ''’aita''
| no
|-
| ''māuruuru roa''
| thank you very much
|-
| ''māuruuru''
| thanks
|-
| ''e aha te huru?''
| how are you?
|-
| ''maita'i''
| well, good
|-
| ''maita’i roa''
| very good
|-
| ''tāne''
| man
|-
| ''vahine''
| woman
|-
| ''fenua''
| land
|-
| ''ra'i''
| sky
|-
| ''vai''
| water
|-
| ''auahi''
| fire
|-
| ''’amu''
| eat
|-
| ''inu''
| drink
|-
| ''pō''
| night
|-
| ''mahana''
| day/sun
|-
| ''moana''
| ocean, sea
|-
| ''e ua''
| it's raining
|-
| ''ua to’eto’e''
| it's cold
|-
| ''nehenehe''
| beautiful
|-
| ''’ori''
| dance
|-
| ''po’ia''
| hungry
|-
| ''hoa''
| friend
|-
| ''atau''
| right
|-
| ''aui''
| left
|-
| ''ni’a''
| up
|-
| ''raro''
| down
|-
| ''roto''
| in
|-
| ''rāpae''
| out
|-
| ''muri''
| back
|-
| ''ua here au ia ’oe''
| I love you
|-
| ''tumu rā’au''
| tree
|-
| ''a’a''
| root
|-
| ''tumu''
| trunk
|-
| ''’āma'a''
| branch
|-
| ''rau’ere''
| leaf
|-
| ''pa’a''
| rind
|-
| ''mā’a hotu''
| fruit
|-
| ''’ōrapa''
| square
|-
| ''menemene''
| circle
|-
| ''’ōrapa maha roa''
| rectangle
|-
| ''porotoru''
| triangle
|}


==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
'''French'''  
'''French'''  
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia]
The French alphabet is based on the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, uppercase and lowercase, with five diacritics and two orthographic ligatures.
 
:{| class="wikitable"
!Letter
!Name
!Phonetic Alphabet
!Diacritics and ligatures
|-
| A || a || /a/ ||Àà, Ââ, Ææ
|-
| B || bé || /be/ ||
|-
| C || cé || /se/ ||Çç
|-
| D || dé || /de/ ||
|-
| E || e || /ə/ ||Éé, Èè, Êê, Ëë
|-
| F || effe || /ɛf/ ||
|-
| G || gé || /ʒe/ ||
|-
| H || ache || /aʃ/ ||
|-
| I || i || /i/ ||Îî, Ïï
|-
| J || ji || /ʒi/ ||
|-
| K || ka || /ka/ ||
|-
| L || elle || /ɛl/ ||
|-
| M || emme || /ɛm/ ||
|-
| N || enne || /ɛn/ ||
|-
| O || o || /o/ ||Ôô, Œœ
|-
| P || pé || /pe/ ||
|-
| Q || qu || /ky/ ||
|-
| R || erre || /ɛʁ/ ||
|-
| S || esse || |/ɛs/ ||
|-
| T || té || /te/ ||
|-
| U || u || /y/ ||Ùù, Ûû, Üü
|-
| V || vé || /ve/ ||
|-
| W || double vé || /dubləve/ ||
|-
| X || ixe || /iks/ ||
|-
| Y || i grec || /iɡʁɛk/ ||Ÿÿ
|-
| Z || zède || /zɛd/ ||
|}
The letters w and k are rarely used except in loanwords and regional words. The phoneme /w/ sound is usually written ou; the /k/ sound is usually written c anywhere but before e, i, y, qu before e, i, y, and sometimes que at the ends of words. However, k is common in the metric prefix kilo- (originally from Greek χίλια ''khilia'' "a thousand"): ''kilogramme, kilomètre, kilowatt, kilohertz,'' etc.
 
'''Tahitian'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahitian_language#Phonology Tahitian Alphabet and Pronunciation at Wikipedia]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tahitian.htm Tahitian Alphabet and Pronunciation at Omniglot]


==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
*[[French Handwriting]]
'''French'''
*[[French Letter Writing Guide]]
*[[French Handwriting|French Handwriting]]
*[[France Languages| French Languages]]
*[[French Letter Writing Guide|French Letter Writing Guide]]
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/french-english/ French to English Dictionary]
*[[France Languages|France Languages]]
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/french_dictionary.htm French Dictionary]
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/french-english/ French to English Dictionary at Cambridge]
*[https://glosbe.com/fr/en French to English Dictionary at Glosbe]
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/french_dictionary.htm French Dictionary at Lexilogos]


'''Tahitian'''
*[https://glosbe.com/en/ty English to Tahitian Dictionary at Glosbe]
*[https://www.boraboraislandguide.com/tahitian-language.html Talk the Tahitian Language at BoraboraisLandGuide]


==Additional Resources==
==Additional Resources==
 
*[https://wikitravel.org/en/French_Polynesia French Polynesia at Wikitravel]
*[https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/french_polynesia.htm French Polynesia at NationsOnline]
*[https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Asia-and-the-Pacific/French-Polynesia.html French Polynesia at NationsEncyclopedia]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papeete Papeete at Wikipedia]


==References==
==References==


[[Category:French Polynesia]]
[[Category:French Polynesia]]

Latest revision as of 12:21, 20 March 2024


French Polynesia Wiki Topics
Flag of French Polynesia
French Polynesia Beginning Research
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French Polynesia Background
French Polynesia Genealogical Word Lists
Local Research Resources

Description[edit | edit source]

French is the only official language of French Polynesia. An organic law of 12 April 1996 states that "French is the official language, Tahitian and other Polynesian languages can be used."

At the 2017 census, among the population whose age was 15 and older:

  • 73.9% French
  • 20.2% Tahitian
  • 2.6% Marquesan
  • 1.2% Austral languages
  • 1.0% Tuamotuan
  • 0.6% Chinese dialect (41% of which was Hakka)
  • 0.4% Other language (more than half of which was English)
  • 0.2% reported Mangareva language

Also on the 2017 census:

  • 95.2% of people whose age was 15 or older reported that they could speak, read and write French
  • 1.3% reported that they had no knowledge of French
  • 86.5% of people whose age was 15 or older reported that they had some form of knowledge of at least one Polynesian language
  • 13.5% reported that they had no knowledge of any of the Polynesian languages [1]

Word List(s)[edit | edit source]

French

Tahitian

Tahitian English
’Ia ora na hello, greetings
haere mai, maeva, mānava welcome
pārahi goodbye
nana bye
’ē yes
’aita no
māuruuru roa thank you very much
māuruuru thanks
e aha te huru? how are you?
maita'i well, good
maita’i roa very good
tāne man
vahine woman
fenua land
ra'i sky
vai water
auahi fire
’amu eat
inu drink
pō night
mahana day/sun
moana ocean, sea
e ua it's raining
ua to’eto’e it's cold
nehenehe beautiful
’ori dance
po’ia hungry
hoa friend
atau right
aui left
ni’a up
raro down
roto in
rāpae out
muri back
ua here au ia ’oe I love you
tumu rā’au tree
a’a root
tumu trunk
’āma'a branch
rau’ere leaf
pa’a rind
mā’a hotu fruit
’ōrapa square
menemene circle
’ōrapa maha roa rectangle
porotoru triangle

Alphabet and Pronunciation[edit | edit source]

French

The French alphabet is based on the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, uppercase and lowercase, with five diacritics and two orthographic ligatures.

Letter Name Phonetic Alphabet Diacritics and ligatures
A a /a/ Àà, Ââ, Ææ
B bé /be/
C cé /se/ Çç
D dé /de/
E e /ə/ Éé, Èè, Êê, Ëë
F effe /ɛf/
G gé /ʒe/
H ache /aʃ/
I i /i/ Îî, Ïï
J ji /ʒi/
K ka /ka/
L elle /ɛl/
M emme /ɛm/
N enne /ɛn/
O o /o/ Ôô, Œœ
P pé /pe/
Q qu /ky/
R erre /ɛʁ/
S esse /ɛs/
T té /te/
U u /y/ Ùù, Ûû, Üü
V vé /ve/
W double vé /dubləve/
X ixe /iks/
Y i grec /iɡʁɛk/ Ÿÿ
Z zède /zɛd/

The letters w and k are rarely used except in loanwords and regional words. The phoneme /w/ sound is usually written ou; the /k/ sound is usually written c anywhere but before e, i, y, qu before e, i, y, and sometimes que at the ends of words. However, k is common in the metric prefix kilo- (originally from Greek χίλια khilia "a thousand"): kilogramme, kilomètre, kilowatt, kilohertz, etc.

Tahitian

Language Aids and Dictionaries[edit | edit source]

French

Tahitian

Additional Resources[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "French Polynesia Languages," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Polynesia#Languages, accessed 15 June 2021.
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