Norway Languages: Difference between revisions

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== Description ==
Most of the people in Norway speak Norwegian, a North Germanic language closely related to Danish and Swedish. There are two official variants of the language,  ''Bokmål'' (also called  ''Riksmål'') strongly influenced by Danish; and a more rural version, ''Nynorsk'', based Ivar Aasen's work to develop a standard Norwegian language (''Landsmål'') based on local dialects.


<br>Most materials used in Norwegian research are written in Norwegian. Although you do not need to speak or read Norwegian to do research, you do need some knowledge of the language to understand the records. You may also find some Latin words in Norwegian records.  
There are also many regional dialects which may be encountered when researching in printed materials. In addition to the two versions of Norwegian, Norway has several recognized regional or minority languages, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_languages Sámi] (Northern, Lule, and Southern dialects), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kven_language Kven], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romani_language Romani], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandoromani_language Scandoromani] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_Sign_Language Norwegian Sign Language].


Because Norwegian grammar may affect the way words appear in genealogical records, the words in a dictionary or word list may be slightly different from their appearance in records.  
Most materials used in Norwegian research are written in Danish or Norwegian. Although you do not need to speak or read these languages to do research, you do need some knowledge of the language to understand the records. You may also find some Latin words in Norwegian records. A list of words in various local dialects found in local histories can be found at [[Norwegian Dialect Word List]].


=== Language Aids  ===
== Word Lists ==
*[[Norwegian Genealogical Word List]]
*[[Norwegian Dialect Word List]]
*[[Norwegian Medical Terms]]
*[[Latin Genealogical Word List]]


The Family History Library has published a [[Norway Word List|Norwegian-English list of]] genealogical words. The Norwegian Word List is available at [http://www.FamilySearch.org www.FamilySearch.org] . Click on "forms" then "Sort by Title" then click on "N". A Norwegian-English dictionary can also aid you in your research. You can find the word list, dictionaries, and similar language aids at many research libraries.
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
 
===Norwegian Alphabet===
A useful dictionary is:
{| width="50%"
 
|-
''Cappelens Store Engelsk Norsk Ordbok and Kunnskapsforlaget Aschehoug - Gyldendal's norsk engelsk ordbok by W.A. Kirkeby (Cappelens Large English Norwegian Dictionary and Kunnskapsforlaget Aschehoug - Gyldendal's Norwegian English Dictionary'' by W.A. Krikeby). Oslo, Norway: J.W. Cappelens Forlag, 1988 and Oslo: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag, 1986.
|style="vertical-align:top" width="15%"|
{| class="wikitable"
! Letter !! Pronunciation
|-
| A || [ a ] as in car
|-
| B || [ b ] as in buy
|-
| C || before i,e,y [ s ] as in circus <br> before a,o,u [ k ] as in camping
|-
| D || [ d ] as in dog
|-
| E || [ e ] as in get
|-
| F || [ f ] as in fine
|-
| G || [ g ] as in girl
|-
| H || [ h ] as in hat
|-
| I || [ i ] as in ski
|-
| J || [ y ] as in yes
|-
| K || [ k ] as in kite
|-
| L || [ l ] as in live
|-
| M || [ m ] as in map
|-
| N || [ n ] as in now
|-
| O || [ o ] as in school
|-
| P || [ p ] as in pen
|-
| Q || [ kv ] as in quiz
|-
| R || [ ɽ ] like a Scottish r
|-
| S || [ s ] as in see
|-
| T || [ t ] as in tea
|-
| U || [ u ] as in flu
|-
| V || [ v ] as in violin
|-
| W || [ v ] as in violin
|-
| X || [ ks ] as in tax
|-
| Y || [ y ] as in syrup
|-
| Z || [ z ] as in zoom
|-
|}
|style="vertical-align:top" width="25%"|
'''Other Letters'''
{| class="wikitable"
! Letter !! Pronunciation
|-
| Æ  || [ a ] as in sad
|-
| Ø || [ u ] as in burn
|-
| Å || [ aw ] as in saw
|-
|}
|}


Another useful dictionary that is also on microfilm is:  
== Language Aids and Dictionaries ==
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-norwegian/ Cambridge Dictionary English-Norwegian]
*[https://en.bab.la/dictionary/norwegian-english/ bab.la Norwegian-English Dictioanry]
*[https://www.norwegianclass101.com/norwegian-dictionary/ Norwegian Class 101.com Norwegian Dictionary]
*[https://naob.no/ Det Norske Akademis Ordbok] - online Norwegian dictionary


Scavenius, H. ''Gyldendals Ordbøker; Norsk-Engelsk og Engelsk-Norsk (Gyldendal's Dictionaries; Norwegian-English and English-Norwegian''), Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag, 1945. (FHL film 1,224,705, item 4)
== Additional Resources ==
 
*Bråtveit, Kari, ''Norwegian dictionary : Norwegian-English, English-Norwegian'', London : Routledge, [2015?], available at [https://www.worldcat.org/title/norwegian-dictionary-norwegian-english-english-norwegian/oclc/931597967&referer=brief_results Worldcat.org]
Additional dictionaries can be found in the Place search of the catalog under:  
*Holland, J Gill, ''Norwegian dictionary & phrasebook : Norwegian-English, English-Norwegian'', New York : Hippocrene Books, ©2003., available at [https://www.worldcat.org/title/norwegian-dictionary-phrasebook-norwegian-english-english-norwegian/oclc/52493347&referer=brief_results Worldcat.org]v
 
*Žiūkaitė-Hansen, Laura, ''Norwegian practical dictionary : Norwegian-English, English-Norwegian'', New York : Hippocrene Books, ©2011., available at [https://www.worldcat.org/title/norwegian-practical-dictionary-norwegian-english-english-norwegian/oclc/149550276&referer=brief_results Worldcat.org]
NORWAY - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES<br>and in the Subject search of the catalog under: <br>NORWEGIAN - LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES. <!-- Tidy found serious XHTML errors -->
*Omniglot: [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/norwegian.htm Norwegian language, alphabet and pronounciation], [http://www.omniglot.com/books/language/norwegian.htm Norwegian language learning material]
 
*Norgesskolen: [http://www.norgesskolen.no/ Norwegian Summer School] - two week school in language in culture
|}
*Concordia Language Villages: [http://www.concordialanguagevillages.org/youth-languages/norwegian-language-village Norwegian]
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[[Category:Norway Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Norway]]

Latest revision as of 19:53, 20 March 2024


Norway Wiki Topics
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Local Research Resources

Description[edit | edit source]

Most of the people in Norway speak Norwegian, a North Germanic language closely related to Danish and Swedish. There are two official variants of the language, Bokmål (also called Riksmål) strongly influenced by Danish; and a more rural version, Nynorsk, based Ivar Aasen's work to develop a standard Norwegian language (Landsmål) based on local dialects.

There are also many regional dialects which may be encountered when researching in printed materials. In addition to the two versions of Norwegian, Norway has several recognized regional or minority languages, Sámi (Northern, Lule, and Southern dialects), Kven, Romani, Scandoromani and Norwegian Sign Language.

Most materials used in Norwegian research are written in Danish or Norwegian. Although you do not need to speak or read these languages to do research, you do need some knowledge of the language to understand the records. You may also find some Latin words in Norwegian records. A list of words in various local dialects found in local histories can be found at Norwegian Dialect Word List.

Word Lists[edit | edit source]

Alphabet and Pronunciation[edit | edit source]

Norwegian Alphabet[edit | edit source]

Letter Pronunciation
A [ a ] as in car
B [ b ] as in buy
C before i,e,y [ s ] as in circus
before a,o,u [ k ] as in camping
D [ d ] as in dog
E [ e ] as in get
F [ f ] as in fine
G [ g ] as in girl
H [ h ] as in hat
I [ i ] as in ski
J [ y ] as in yes
K [ k ] as in kite
L [ l ] as in live
M [ m ] as in map
N [ n ] as in now
O [ o ] as in school
P [ p ] as in pen
Q [ kv ] as in quiz
R [ ɽ ] like a Scottish r
S [ s ] as in see
T [ t ] as in tea
U [ u ] as in flu
V [ v ] as in violin
W [ v ] as in violin
X [ ks ] as in tax
Y [ y ] as in syrup
Z [ z ] as in zoom

Other Letters

Letter Pronunciation
Æ [ a ] as in sad
Ø [ u ] as in burn
Å [ aw ] as in saw

Language Aids and Dictionaries[edit | edit source]

Additional Resources[edit | edit source]

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