Türkiye Languages: Difference between revisions

Turkish dictionary (Lexilogos)
English to Turkish Dictionary (Glosbe)
Learn Turkish (duolingo)
Guise, John. The Turkish language explained for English speakers : a treatise on the Turkish language and its grammar for English speakers. Kawerau, New Zealand: John Guise, 2015. Available at: WorldCat.

Kurmanji Kurdish

Kurdish dictionary (Lexilogos)
English to Kurdish Kurmanji Dictionary (Glosbe)
Ekici, Deniz. Beginning Kurmanji Kurdish. Tucson, Ariz.: University of Arizona Press, 2009. Available at: WorldCat.
Omarkhali, Khanna. Kurdish reader. n.p.: Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 2011. Available at: WorldCat.

Modern Standard Arabic

Zaza or Zazaki

English to Zaza Dictionary (Glosbe)

Additional Resources[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Turkey," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Turkey, accessed 3 May 2023.

[1] Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Turkey," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Turkey, accessed 3 May 2023.

[1]

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-{{Turkey-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb
+{{CountrySidebar
-| link1=[[Turkey Genealogy|Turkey]]
+|Country=Türkiye
+|Name=Türkiye
+|Type=Topic
+|Topic Type=Background
+|Background=Languages
+|Content=Standardized
+}}{{breadcrumb
+| link1=[[Türkiye Genealogy|Türkiye]]
 | link2=
 | link3=
 | link4=
-| link5=[[Turkey Languages|Languages]]
+| link5=[[Türkiye Languages|Languages]]
 }}
-== Language  ==
-Turkish is a non-Semitic language unrelated to Arabic. Until 1928 it was written mostly in a modified Arabic alphabet. The Roman alphabet with several diacritic marks was introduced in 1928 and is now accepted as the official alphabet of the language. Records of the Ottoman Empire were generally written in Turkish in the old Arabic script. In older documents the sijâqat form of the script was used; it is extremely challenging to read. A few records are written in Arabic. There are almost no historical document written in Kurdish. The records of various Christian minorities are in Armenian, Greek, Latin, French, Italian, or Syriac, each with its own distinctive writing system.
+==Description==
+The official language of Türkiye is [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language '''Turkish''']. The minority languages of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_languages '''Kurdish'''], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Standard_Arabic '''Arabic'''] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaza_language '''Zaza''' or '''Zazaki'''] are also spoken. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Turkey," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Turkey, accessed 3 May 2023.</ref>
-Most of the people in Turkey speak Turkish. Turkish is a non-Semitic language unrelated to Arabic. Until 1928 it was written mostly in a modified Arabic alphabet, though other alphabets were used, including Greek and Armenian. The Roman alphabet was introduced in 1928. It uses diacritic marks (ç ğ ş ö ü) and two versions of the letter “i” (dotted - i and undotted - ı ) and is accepted as the official alphabet of the language. Records of the Ottoman Empire were generally written in Turkish in the old Arabic script. In older documents the sijâqat form of the script was used. Being a half cipher/shorthand script used for speed and secrecy, it lacks paleographic devices that distinguish among letters as in the ordinary Arabic script. Deciphering personal names is extremely challenging. A few records were written in Arabic. Although Kurdish is a significant minority language, there are almost no historical documents written in Kurdish. When written, Kurdish used the Arabic alphabet. The Kurdish language in Turkey is now written using the modern Turkish alphabet. The records of various Christian minorities are in Armenian, Greek, Latin, French, Italian, or Syriac, each with its own distinctive writing system.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Turkey,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 1998.</ref>
+==Word List(s)==
+'''Turkish'''
+*[[Turkish Genealogical Word List|Turkish Genealogical Word List]]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/turkish.php Turkish phrases (Omniglot)]
-*[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Turkish_Genealogical_Word_List Turkish Genealogical Word List]
+'''Kurmanji Kurdish'''
-*[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Armenian_Genealogical_Word_List Armenian Genealogical Word List]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/kurdish-kurmanji.php Useful Kurmanji Kurdish phrases (Omniglot)]
-<br>
+*[https://1000mostcommonwords.com/1000-most-common-kurdish-words/ 1000 Most Common Kurdish Words (1000mostcommonwords)]
-===Kurdish Online Resources===
-*[http://aboutworldlanguages.com/kurdish Kurdish language overview]
+'''Modern Standard Arabic'''
-*[http://www.lexilogos.com/english/kurdish_dictionary.htm Kurdish language resources]
+*[[Arabic Genealogical Word List|Arabic Genealogical Word List]]
-*[https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/kurdish.pdf Kurdish Romanization Table]
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Standard_Arabic#:~:text=Common%20phrases Common phrases (Wikipedia)]
-*[http://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/kurdish_conversion.htm Kurdish Romanization Converter]
+*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/arabic.php#:~:text=Useful%20Arabic%20phrases Useful Arabic phrases (Omniglot)]
-*[http://learn101.org/kurdish_grammar.php Kurdish grammar and basics]
+*[https://www.arabicpod101.com/blog/2018/02/03/top-100-basic-arabic-phrases-and-expressions/ Basic Arabic Phrases and Expressions (ArabicPod101)]
+'''Zaza''' or '''Zazaki'''
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/zazaki.php Useful phrases in Zazaki (Omniglot)]
+==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
+'''Turkish'''
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_phonology Turkish phonology (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_alphabet Turkish alphabet (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/turkish.htm Turkish Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
+'''Kurmanji Kurdish'''
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_phonology Kurdish phonology (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_grammar Kurdish grammar (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_alphabets Kurdish alphabets (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/kurdish.htm Kurdish Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
+*[http://learn101.org/kurdish_grammar.php Kurdish Grammar (Learn101)]
+'''Modern Standard Arabic'''
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_phonology Arabic Phonology (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_phonology Modern Standard Arabic Alphabet (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar Arabic grammar (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/arabic.htm Arabic Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
+*[https://forvo.com/languages/ar/ Arabic Pronunciation Dictionary (Forvo)]
+'''Zaza''' or '''Zazaki'''
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaza_language#Phonology '''Zaza''' or '''Zazaki''' Phonology (Wikipedia)]
+*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/zazaki.htm Zaza (Zazaki / زازاکی) Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
+==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
+'''Turkish'''
+*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/turkish_dictionary.htm Turkish dictionary (Lexilogos)]
+*[https://en.glosbe.com/en/tr English to Turkish Dictionary (Glosbe)]
+*[https://www.duolingo.com/course/tr/en/Learn-Turkish Learn Turkish (duolingo)]
+* Guise, John. ''The Turkish language explained for English speakers : a treatise on the Turkish language and its grammar for English speakers.'' Kawerau, New Zealand: John Guise, 2015. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/929879746 WorldCat].
+'''Kurmanji Kurdish'''
+*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/kurdish_dictionary.htm Kurdish dictionary (Lexilogos)]
+*[https://en.glosbe.com/en/ku English to Kurdish Kurmanji Dictionary (Glosbe)]
+* Ekici, Deniz. ''Beginning Kurmanji Kurdish.'' Tucson, Ariz.: University of Arizona Press, 2009. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/643385298 WorldCat].
+* Omarkhali, Khanna. ''Kurdish reader.'' n.p.: Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 2011. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/759907455 WorldCat].
+'''Modern Standard Arabic'''
+*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/arabic_dictionary.htm#:~:text=Arabic%20dictionary Arabic dictionary (Lexilogos)]
+*[https://en.glosbe.com/en/ar English to Arabic Dictionary (Glosbe)]
+*[https://www.duolingo.com/course/ar/en/Learn-Arabic Learn Arabic (duolingo)]
+'''Zaza''' or '''Zazaki'''
+*[https://en.glosbe.com/en/zza English to Zaza Dictionary (Glosbe)]
+==Additional Resources==
+*[https://www.britannica.com/place/Turkey Türkiye (Britannica)]
+*[https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/kurdish/ Kurdish (mustgo)]
+*[[Kurdish Naming Customs|Kurdish Naming Customs]]
 == References ==
 {{reflist}}
-[[Category:Turkey]]
+[[Category:Türkiye]]