Russian Genealogical Word List: Difference between revisions

From FamilySearch Wiki
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
m (Added a hyphen, just to test if I can still edit this page.)
 
(99 intermediate revisions by 10 users not shown)
Line 13: Line 13:
|}
|}


This list contains Russian word with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Russian-English dictionary. A version of the  [https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/images/8/86/Russian_Word_List.pdf Russian Genealogical Word List in PDF] is also available.  
This list contains Russian word with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Russian-English dictionary. A version of the [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/8/86/Russian_Word_List.pdf Russian Genealogical Word List in PDF] is also available.


To best make use of the genealogical word list, please read [[Russia Languages]],  
To best make use of the genealogical word list, please read [[Russia Languages]],  
Line 21: Line 21:
===Alphabetical Order===
===Alphabetical Order===


Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ee Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Kk Лл Mм Нн Oo Пр Pp Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя  
Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ee Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Kk Лл Mм Нн Oo Пп Pp Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя  


No words begin with the hard sign (Ъъ) or the soft sign (Ьь), and very few with the letters Ёё, Йй, Щщ, or Ыы.<br>
No words begin with the hard sign (Ъъ) or the soft sign (Ьь), and very few with the letters Ёё, Йй, Щщ, or Ыы.
 
Prior to 1918, when the current Russian spelling reforms were instituted, the alphabet included letters no longer used. These were updated and changed. These letters include:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|з
|Changed to (in certain positions)
|c
|-
|i
|Changed to
|и
|-
|ъ
|No longer used at the end of masculine words
|
|-
|ѣ
|Changed to
|e
|-
|θ
|Changed to
|ф
|-
|v
|Changed to
|и
|}


===Transliteration Aid===
===Transliteration Aid===
Line 38: Line 66:


===Other Word Lists===
===Other Word Lists===
 
*[[Media:Russian Word List.pdf|FamilySearch Library Word List]]
*[http://www.doukhobor.org/names.html#Terms Doukhobor Genealogy] (under "Russian Terms." These are all transliterated and there is no Cyrillic)
*[http://www.doukhobor.org/names.html#Terms Doukhobor Genealogy] (under "Russian Terms." These are all transliterated and there is no Cyrillic)
*[https://www.lexiconbridge.com/ Cornell Lexicon Bridge] (a resource from Cornell University)
*[https://www.lexiconbridge.com/ Cornell Lexicon Bridge] (a resource from Cornell University)
Line 47: Line 75:
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-russian/ Cambridge English-Russian Dictionary]
*[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-russian/ Cambridge English-Russian Dictionary]
*[https://www.dict.com/russian-english Dict.com Russian-English Dictionary]
*[https://www.dict.com/russian-english Dict.com Russian-English Dictionary]
*[https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 Викисловар (Russian Wiktionary)] this website is in Russian, but provides information regarding declension. Type a Russian word in the search box in the right hand corner (искать в Викисловаре) and press enter. Even if the word entered is declined (has a grammatical case ending), Wiktionary will redirect you to the original word (nominative case). A typical entry defines the word (if you are using Google Chrome, right click to translate the page to English to learn the definition of the word), as well as meanings, synonyms and often pronunciation. On the right hand side, you will find a table with the word declined in all cases. A translation of the table is included below. Using this table will allow you to easily determine which case your word is in.


=== Names and Places ===
{| class="wikitable"
For words not typically found in dictionaries (place names and given/family names) try using the following resources:
|+Translation of Declension Table from Викисловарь
 
!падеж (case)
'''Places:'''
!ед. ч. (singular)
 
!мн. ч (plural)
[https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9 List of Gubernia in the Russian Empire]
 
[[Russia Gazetteers]]
 
[http://www.google.com Google]
 
'''Names:'''
 
[https://gufo.me/dict/surnames_ru Словарь русских фамилий (Dictionary of Russian Surnames)]
 
[https://pomnirod.ru/assets/files/knigi/slovar-russ_imen_petrovski_1966.pdf Словарь Русских Личных Имен (Dictionary of Russian Given Names)]
 
[https://azbyka.ru/deti/slovar-spravochnik-russkikh-lichnykh-imen-ilya-melnikov Словарь-справочник русских личных имен (Dictionary/Handbook of Russian Given Names)]
 
=== Months of the Year ===
For months of the year in Cyrillic handwriting, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Images/months_script.jpg SGGEE handout, '''"Examples of how the months are handwritten"''']
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|Им.(nominative)
| width="25%" |'''Pronunciation'''
|
| width="25%" |'''English'''
|
|-
|-
|январь
|Р. (genitive)
|yeen-VAHR'
|
|January
|
|-
|-
|февраль
|Д. (dative)
|fee-VRAHL'
|
|February
|
|-
|-
|март
|В. (accusative)
|mahrt
|
|March
|
|-
|-
|апрель
|Тв. (instrumental)
|ah-PRYEHL'
|
|April
|
|-
|-
|май
|Пр. (prepositional)
|mahy
|
|May
|
|}
 
=== Variant forms of words ===
In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. ''Who—Whose—whom,'' or ''marry—marries—married'' are examples of words in English with variant forms. Many sources (word lists, dictionaries, etc.) give only the basic, or nominative and masculine form. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all words vary with usage.
 
==== Gender ====
Russian words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as '''masculine''', '''feminine''', or '''neuter'''. For example, брат (brother) is a masculine word, дочь (daughter) is a feminine word, and свидетельство (certificate) is a neuter word.
 
Words that describe persons, places or things (adjectives) will have either masculine, feminine, or neuter endings depending on what noun they are describing. For example, in Russian you would write старый брат (old brother), старая сестра (old sister), and старое свидетельство (old certificate). In dictionaries and in the “Russian Genealogical Word List” generally only the '''masculine''' form is given.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!masculine
!feminine
!neuter
!found in word list as
|-
|-
|июнь
|старый
|ee-YOON'
|старая
|June
|старое
|старый (old)
|-
|-
|июль
|глухой
|ee-YOOL'
|глухая
|July
| -
|глухой (deaf)
|}
 
==== Plurals ====
Plural forms of Russian words usually end in ы, и, а, or я. They are usually only found in the singular in dictionaries or in the word list.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!singular
!plural
!translation
|-
|-
|август
|отец
|AHV-goost
|отцы
|August
|father/fathers
|-
|-
|сентябрь
|муж
|seen-TYAHBR'
|мужья
|September
|husband/husbands
|-
|-
|октябрь
|жена
|ahk-TYAHBR'
|жены
|October
|wife/wives
|-
|-
|ноябрь
|книга
|nah-YAHBR'
|книги
|November
|book/books
|-
|-
|декабрь
|место
|dee-KAHBR'
|местa
|December
|place/places
|}
|}


===Cardinal Numbers===
==== Noun declensions ====
For numbers in cursive, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Cyrillic_Handouts.pdf '''SGGEE Cyrillic Handouts.pdf.''']
The endings of Russian words can also vary depending on the grammatical uses of the words. Russian grammar requires specific endings (called “cases”) on nouns used in the possessive, as the object of a verb, and with a preposition, among others.
{| width="70%" border="1"
 
Adjectives also must match the nouns they modify in gender, quantity, and grammatical form (case). Russian nouns fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Many dictionaries have grammatical sections which show complete noun and adjective endings.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Noun
!Use
!Translation
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|город
| width="25%" |'''Transliteration/Pronunciation'''
 
| width="25%" |'''English'''
города
 
городе
|'''город'''
 
мер '''города'''
 
Я жул в '''городе'''
|City
 
Mayor of the city
 
I lived in the city
|-
|-
|один
|сын
|odin [ah-DEEN]
 
|one
сына
 
сыну
 
сыном
|'''сын'''
 
я крестил '''сына'''
 
я дал '''сыну'''
 
я ушёл с '''сыном'''
|Son
 
I christened the son
 
I gave to the son
 
I left with the son
|-
|-
|два
|жена
|dva [dvah]
 
|two
жены
 
жену
 
жене
 
женой
 
жене
|'''жена'''
 
дом '''жены'''
 
я видел '''жену'''
 
я дал '''жене'''
 
я ушёл ц '''женой'''
 
я думал о '''жене'''
|Wife
 
Home of the wife
 
I saw the wife
 
I gave to the wife
 
I left with the wife
 
I thought about the wife
|}
The changing of word endings is called “declension” and there are six different cases in Russian.
 
==== Given names ====
An important note is that it is essential to recognize when a name is written in a different form, and to avoid misinterpreting it as another name. For example, “the child of Ivan” would be “ребенок ивана.” That only means that “иван” is in a different case. It does NOT mean that is a feminine form of the name, that his name is different, that he has variant names, or that “ивана” is a different person than “иван.”
 
==== Verbs ====
Words that show action (verbs) also vary depending on who and how many are doing the action and whether the action is past, present, or future. The variation for verbs is called “conjugation.” For example, the Russian word жить (to live) will appear with various endings. Note that most but not all verbs follow this pattern:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Russian conjugation
!English conjugation
|-
|-
|три
|я '''живу'''
|tri [tree]
|I live
|three
|-
|-
|четыре
|ты '''живёшь'''
|chetyre [che-TYH-ree]
|you live (informal)
|four
|-
|-
|пять
|он/она/кто '''живёт'''
|pyat' [pyat']
|he/she/who lives
|five
|-
|-
|шесть
|мы '''живём'''
|shest' [shehst']
|we live
|six
|-
|-
|семь
|вы '''живёте'''
|sem' [syehm]
|you live (formal)
|seven
|-
|-
|восемь
|они '''живут'''
|vosem' [VOH-seem]
|they live
|eight
|-
|-
|девять
|она '''жил'''
|devyat' [DYEH-vit']
|he lived
|nine
|-
|-
|десять
|она '''жила'''
|desyat' [DYEH-sit']
|she lived
|ten
|-
|-
|одиннадцать
|они '''жили'''
|odinnadtsat' [ah-dee-nat-sat']
|they lived
|eleven
|}
 
===Names and Places===
For words not typically found in dictionaries (place names and given/family names) try using the following resources:
 
'''Places:'''
 
[https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9 List of Gubernia in the Russian Empire]
 
[[Russia Gazetteers]]
 
[http://www.google.com Google]
 
'''Russian Names:'''
 
*[https://gufo.me/dict/surnames_ru Словарь русских фамилий (Dictionary of Russian Surnames)]
 
*[https://pomnirod.ru/assets/files/knigi/slovar-russ_imen_petrovski_1966.pdf Словарь Русских Личных Имен (Dictionary of Russian Given Names)]
 
*[https://azbyka.ru/deti/slovar-spravochnik-russkikh-lichnykh-imen-ilya-melnikov Словарь-справочник русских личных имен (Dictionary/Handbook of Russian Given Names)]
 
*[https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=aF5NAAAAcAAJ&rdid=book-aF5NAAAAcAAJ&rdot=1 French, German and Russian Name Dictionary]
 
'''Polish Names Written in Russian:'''
 
Use these resources to help you find the proper spelling of a Polish name. [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/7/75/Russian_Alphabet_Key.pdf This handout] will help you transliterate from Russian into Polish.
 
*[http://herby.com.pl/ Slownik Nazwisk (Dictionary of Surnames)] to learn how to use this website, see the instructions [https://jri-poland.org/slownik.htm here].
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_given_names Polish Given Names with Dimunitives and English Equivalents]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Polish_male_given_names Male Polish Names Wiktionary 1]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_given_names Male Polish Names Wiktionary 2]
 
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Polish_female_given_names Female Polish Names Wiktionary 1]
 
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Polish_feminine_given_names Female Polish Names Wiktionary 2]
 
'''German Names Written in Russian:'''
 
[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/img_auth.php/7/75/Russian_Alphabet_Key.pdf This handout] will help you transliterate from Russian into German.
 
*[https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Cyrillic_Handouts.pdf SGGEE handout], see page 7
*[https://volga.domains.unf.edu/surnames Germans from Russia Surnames (particularly the Volga Region)]
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:German_male_given_names Male German Names Wiktionary]
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:German_given_names#List_of_female_given_names Female German Names Wiktionary]
*[http://www.namenforschung.net/en/dfd/dictionary/list/ Digital Dictionary of Surnames in Germany]
 
===Months of the Year===
For months of the year in Cyrillic handwriting, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Images/months_script.jpg SGGEE handout, '''"Examples of how the months are handwritten"''']
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Russian (nominative)!!Russian (Genitive)!!English
|-
|-
|двенадцать
|январь, Iенварь||января||January
|dvenadtsat' [dvi-nat-sat']
|twelve
|-
|-
|тринадцать
|февраль||февраля||February
|trinadtsat' [tree-nat-sat']
|thirteen
|-
|-
|четырнадцать
|март||марта||March
|chetyrnadtsat' [chye-tir-nat-sat']
|fourteen
|-
|-
|пятнадцать
|апрель||апреля||April
|pyatnadtsat' [pyat-nat-sat']
|fifteen
|-
|-
|шестнадцать
|май||мая||May
|shestnadtsat' [shes-nat-sat']
|sixteen
|-
|-
|семнадцать
|июнь||июня||June
|semnadtsat' [sim-nat-sat']
|seventeen
|-
|-
|восемнадцать
|июль||июля||July
|vosemnadtsat' [vahsim-nat-sat']
|eighteen
|-
|-
|девятнадцать
|август||августа||August
|devyatnadtsat' [divit-nat-sat']
|nineteen
|-
|-
|двадцать
|сентябрь||сентября||September
|dvadtsat' [dvat-sat']
|twenty
|-
|-
|тридцать
|октябрь||октября||October
|tridtsat' [treet-sat']
|thirty
|-
|-
|сорок
|ноябрь||ноября||November
|sorok [soh-rahk]
|forty
|-
|-
|пятьдесят
|декабрь||декабря||December
|pyat'desyat [pit-dee-syat]
|}
|fifty
 
===Cardinal Numbers===
For numbers in cursive, see [https://www.sggee.org/research/rus_translate/Cyrillic_Handouts.pdf '''SGGEE Cyrillic Handouts.pdf.''']
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|шестьдесят
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|shest'desyat [shes-dee-syat]
| width="25%" |'''English'''
|sixty
|-
|-
|семьдесят
|один
|sem'desyat [syem-dee-syat]
|one
|seventy
|-
|-
|восемьдесят
|два
|vosem'desyat [voh-sim-dee-syat]
|two
|eighty
|-
|-
|девяносто
|три
|devyanosto [di-vee-nohs-tah]
|three
|ninety
|-
|-
|сто
|четыре
|sto [stoh]
|four
|one hundred
|-
|-
|двести
|пять
|dvesti [dvyes-tee]
|five
|two hundred
|-
|-
|триста
|шесть
|trista [tree-stah]
|six
|three hundred
|-
|-
|четыреста
|семь
|chetyresta [chye-ti-ryeh-stah]
|seven
|four hundred
|-
|-
|пятьсот
|восемь
|pyat'sot [pit-soht]
|eight
|five hundred
|-
|-
|шестьсот
|девять
|shest'sot [shis-soht]
|nine
|six hundred
|-
|-
|семьсот
|десять
|sem'sot [sim-soht]
|ten
|seven hundred
|-
|-
|восемьсот
|одиннадцать
|vosem'sot [vah-sim-soht]
|eleven
|eight hundred
|-
|-
|девятьсот
|двенадцать
|devyat'sot [dee-vit-soht]
|twelve
|nine hundred
|-
|-
|тысяча
|тринадцать
|tysyacha [ti-si-chah]
|thirteen
|one thousand
|}
 
===Ordinal Numbers===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|четырнадцать
| width="25%" |'''Transliteration/Pronunciation'''
|fourteen
| width="25%" |'''English'''
|-
|-
|первый
|пятнадцать
|pervyy
|fifteen
|first
|-
|-
|второй
|шестнадцать
|vtoroy
|sixteen
|second
|-
|-
|третий
|семнадцать
|tretiy
|seventeen
|third
|-
|-
|четвёртый
|восемнадцать
|chetvyortyy
|eighteen
|fourth
|-
|-
|пятый
|девятнадцать
|pyatyy
|nineteen
|fifth
|-
|-
|шестой
|двадцать
|shestoy
|twenty
|sixth
|-
|-
|седьмой
|тридцать
|sed'moy
|thirty
|seventh
|-
|-
|восьмой
|сорок
|vos'moy
|forty
|eighth
|-
|-
|девятый
|пятьдесят
|devyatyy
|fifty
|ninth
|-
|-
|десятый
|шестьдесят
|desyatyy
|sixty
|tenth
|-
|-
|одиннадцатый
|семьдесят
|odinnadtsatyy
|seventy
|eleventh
|-
|-
|двенадцатый
|восемьдесят
|dvenadtsatyy
|eighty
|twelfth
|-
|-
|тринадцатый
|девяносто
|trinadtsatyy
|ninety
|thirteenth
|-
|-
|четырнадцатый
|сто
|chetyrnadtsatyy
|one hundred
|fourteenth
|-
|-
|пятнадцатый
|двести
|pyatnadtsatyy
|two hundred
|fifteeth
|-
|-
|шестнадцатый
|триста
|shestnadtsatyy
|three hundred
|sixteenth
|-
|четыреста
|four hundred
|-
|-
|семнадцатый
|пятьсот
|semnadtsatyy
|five hundred
|seventeenth
|-
|-
|восемнадцатый
|шестьсот
|vosemnadtsatyy
|six hundred
|eighteenth
|-
|-
|девятнадцатый
|семьсот
|devyatnadtsatyy
|seven hundred
|nineteenth
|-
|-
|двадцатый
|восемьсот
|dvadtsatyy
|eight hundred
|twentieth
|-
|-
|двадцать первый
|девятьсот
|dvadtsat' pervyy
|nine hundred
|twenty first
|-
|-
|тридцатый
|тысяча
|tridtsatyy
|one thousand
|thirtieth
|-
|-
|тридцать первый
|миллион
|tridtsat' pervyy
|one million
|thirty first
|}
|}


==General Word List==
===Ordinal Numbers===
 
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources.&nbsp; Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed.
 
{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders"
|-
|
|}
 
<br>
 
===A===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
| width="25%" |'''English'''
|-
|-
|август<br>
|первый
|August<br>
|first
|-
|-
|адвокат<br>
|второй
|lawyer<br>
|second
|-
|-
|администратор<br>
|третий
|administrator<br>
|third
|-
|-
|акт<br>
|четвёртый
|document, record, certificate<br>
|fourth
|-
|-
|акты гражданского состояния<br>
|пятый
|vital statistics<br>
|fifth
|-
|-
|акушерка<br>
|шестой
|midwife<br>
|sixth
|-
|-
|алфавитный список<br>
|седьмой
|alphabetical list or index<br>
|seventh
|-
|-
|апрель<br>
|восьмой
|April<br>
|eighth
|-
|-
|арендатор<br>
|девятый
|tenant, leaseholder<br>
|ninth
|-
|-
|армия<br>
|десятый
|army<br>
|tenth
|-
|-
|артиллерист<br>
|одиннадцатый
|artilleryman<br>
|eleventh
|-
|-
|архив<br>
|двенадцатый
|archive<br>
|twelfth
|-
|-
|архивист, архивариус<br>
|тринадцатый
|archivist<br>
|thirteenth
|}
 
<br>
 
===Б===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|четырнадцатый
|'''Transliteration/English'''
|fourteenth
|-
|-
|бакалейщик<br>
|пятнадцатый
|Grocer<br>
|fifteenth
|-
|-
|барышник<br>
|шестнадцатый
|horse dealer<br>
|sixteenth
|-
|-
|батрак<br>
|семнадцатый
|farm hand, hired hand<br>
|seventeenth
|-
|-
|башмачник<br>
|восемнадцатый
|shoemaker<br>
|eighteenth
|-
|-
|бедность<br>
|девятнадцатый
|poverty<br>
|nineteenth
|-
|-
|бедный<br>
|двадцатый
|poor<br>
|twentieth
|-
|-
|бедняк<br>
|двадцать первый
|pauper<br>
|twenty first
|-
|-
|безземельный<br>
|тридцатый
|landless<br>
|thirtieth
|-
|-
|Благороднй<br>
|тридцать первый
|
|thirty first
noble<br>
|}
 
==General Word List==
 
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources.  Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed.


{| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders"
|-
|-
|благородство<br>
|
|
nobility<br>
|}
 
<br>  
 
===A===


{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|близнец<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|twin<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|близнецы<br>
|август<br>
|twins<br>
|August<br>
|-
|-
|бобыль<br>
|адвокат<br>
|
|lawyer<br>
poor landless peasant<br>
 
|-
|-
|богадельня<br>
|администратор<br>
|poor house<br>
|administrator<br>
|-
|-
|болезнь<br>
|акт<br>
|illness, disease<br>
|document, record, certificate<br>
|-
|-
|болезнь лёгких<br>
|акты гражданского состояния<br>
|lung disease, lung illness<br>
|vital statistics<br>
|-
|-
|болница<br>
|акушерка<br>
|hospital<br>
|midwife<br>
|-
|-
|болной<br>
|алфавитный список<br>
|sick<br>
|alphabetical list or index<br>
|-
|-
|бондарь, бочар<br>
|апоплексия
|cooper<br>
|apoplexy
|-
|-
|боярин<br>
|апрель<br>
|boyar (m.) pre1700 aristocrat<br>
|April<br>
|-
|-
|боярство<br>
|арендатор<br>
|the boyars<br>
|tenant, leaseholder<br>
|-
|-
|боярыня<br>
|армия<br>
|boyar, nobleman's wife<br>
|army<br>
|-
|-
|брак, бракосочетанние <br>
|артиллерист<br>
|brak, brakosochetannie<br>marriage<br>
|artilleryman<br>
|-
|-
|браконьер<br>
|архив<br>
|poacher<br>
|archive<br>
|-
|-
|бракосочетание<br>
|архивист, архивариус<br>
|marriage<br>
|archivist<br>
|-
|брат
|brother
|-
|брачный обыски
|pre-marital search of records, proving pride and groom are not related
|-
|брачный
|marital (adj.) conjugal
|-
|бременная
|pregnant
|-
|бродяга
|vagabond
|-
|булочник
|baker
|-
|бухгалтер
|bookkeeper
|-
|бывший
|former
|-
|быть
|to be
|-
|бюргер
|burgher
|}
|}


<br>  
<br>  


===В===
===Б===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''&nbsp;English'''
|'''Transliteration/English'''
|-
|-
|в<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
|бакалейщик<br>
|in, on, at
|Grocer<br>
|-
|-
|в час
|барышник<br>
|at one o'clock
|horse dealer<br>
|-
|-
|вдова
|батрак<br>
|widow
|farm hand, hired hand<br>
|-
|-
|вдовец
|башмачник<br>
|widower
|shoemaker<br>
|-
|-
|ведомость
|бедность<br>
|register, record, list
|poverty<br>
|-
|-
|венчание
|бедный<br>
|wedding ceremony
|poor<br>
|-
|-
|верность
|бедняк<br>
|accuracy, correctness, truth
|pauper<br>
|-
|-
|вероисповедание
|беженец
|religion, faith, creed
|refugee
|-
|-
|весна
|безземельный<br>
|spring
|landless<br>
|-
|-
|весной
|белое духовенство
|in the spring
|clergy who have not taken a monastic vow (allowed to have a wife and children)
|-
|-
|весь
|Благороднй<br>
|all, whole, everything
|
noble<br>
 
|-
|-
|ветрянкя
|благородство<br>
|chicken pox
|
nobility<br>
 
|-
|-
|ветрянкя опаса
|близнец<br>
|chicken pox<br>
|twin<br>
|-
|-
|вечер
|близнецы<br>
|evening
|twins<br>
|-
|-
|вечера
|бобыль<br>
|in the evening
|
poor landless peasant<br>
 
|-
|-
|вечером
|богадельня<br>
|in the evening
|poor house<br>
|-
|-
|взрослый
|болезнь<br>
|adult
|illness, disease<br>
|-
|-
|владелец
|болезнь лёгких<br>
|bearer, owner, propietor
|lung disease, lung illness<br>
|-
|-
|властный
|болница<br>
|authoritative
|hospital<br>
|-
|-
|внебрачный ребёнок
|болной<br>
|illegitimate child
|sick<br>
|-
|-
|внук
|боль
|grandson
|illness, sickness, pain
|-
|-
|внучка
|бондарь, бочар<br>
|granddaughter
|cooper<br>
|-
|-
|водянка
|боярин<br>
|dropsy
|boyar (m.) pre-1700 aristocrat<br>
|-
|-
|военная слкжба&nbsp;
|боярство<br>
|military service
|the boyars<br>
|-
|-
|военный
|боярыня<br>
|military, soldier
|boyar, nobleman's wife<br>
|-
|-
|возраст
|брак, бракосочетанние <br>
|age
|brak, brakosochetannie<br>marriage<br>
|-
|-
|возчик
|браконьер<br>
|coachman, carter
|poacher<br>
|-
|-
|воинский
|бракосочетание<br>
|military
|marriage<br>
|-
|-
|война
|брат
|war
|brother
|-
|-
|волость
|брачный обыски
|smaller, district, volost' (adm. unit)
|pre-marital search of records, proving bride and groom are not related
|-
|-
|волосы
|брачный
|hair
|marital (adj.) conjugal
|-
|-
|восемнадцатый
|бременная
|eighteenth
|pregnant
|-
|-
|восемнадцать
|бродяга
|eighteen
|vagabond
|-
|-
|восемьдесят
|бронхит; бронхитис
|eighty
|bronchitis
|-
|-
|восемьсот
|булочник
|eight hundred
|baker
|-
|-
|воскресенье
|бухгалтер
|Sunday
|bookkeeper
|-
|-
|воспаление
|бывший
|inflammation<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
|former
|-
|-
|восприёмник
|быть
|godparent
|to be
|-
|-
|восприёмница
|бюргер
|godmother
|burgher
|}
 
<br>
 
===В===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|восток
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|east
|''' English'''
|-
|-
|восточный
|в
|eastern
|in, on, at
|-
|-
|восьмидесятый
|в час
|eightieth
|at one o'clock
|-
|-
|восьмисотый
|вдова
|eight hundredth
|widow
|-
|-
|восьмой
|вдовец
|eighth
|widower
|-
|-
|время
|ведомость
|time
|register, record, list
|-
|-
|всё
|венчание
|all, everyone, every
|wedding ceremony
|-
|-
|вся
|веред
|all, everyone, every
|boils
|-
|-
|вступить на службу
|верность
|to go into the service
|accuracy, correctness, truth
|-
|-
|вторник
|вероисповедание
|Tuesday
|religion, faith, creed
|-
|-
|второй<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>
|весна
|second
|spring
|-
|-
|вчера
|весной
|yesterday
|in the spring
|-
|-
|вчерашний
|весь
|yesterday (adj)
|all, whole, everything
|-
|-
|выдать
|ветеринар
|to issue
|veterinarian
|-
|-
|выкидыщ
|ветрянкя
|miscarriage
|chicken pox
|-
|-
|выписка
|ветрянкя опаса
|extract, (record)
|chicken pox
|-
|-
|выслать
|вечер
|to be send
|evening
|-
|-
|высокий
|вечера
|tall
|in the evening
|-
|-
|выходить замуж
|вечером
|to marry, to be married (fem)
|in the evening
|-
|-
|<br>
|взрослый
|
|adult
|}
 
===Г===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|владелец
|'''English'''
|bearer, owner, propietor
|-
|-
|г.
|властный
|abbreviation for город (city)
|authoritative
|-
|-
|гвардец<br>
|внебрачный ребёнок
|guardsmen<br>
|illegitimate child
|-
|-
|гвардуия<br>
|внук
|guards<br>
|grandson
|-
|-
|где<br>
|внучка
|where<br>
|granddaughter
|-
|-
|генварь<br>
|водянка
|general<br>
|dropsy
|-
|-
|генеалогия<br>
|водянка в голове
|genealogy<br>
|dropsy of the head (likely Hydrocephalus)
|-
|-
|герб<br>
|военная служба
|coat of arms<br>
|military service
|-
|-
|герой<br>
|военные документы
|hero<br>
|military records
|-
|-
|глаз<br>
|военный
|eye<br>
|military, soldier
|-
|-
|глухой<br>
|возраст
|blind<br>
|age
|-
|-
|год<br>
|возчик
|year<br>
|coachman, carter
|-
|-
|голод<br>
|воинский
|hunger, starvation<br>
|military
|-
|война
|war
|-
|-
|гончар<br>
|волость
|potter<br>
|smaller, district, volost' (adm. unit)
|-
|-
|горничная<br>
|волосы
|house maid, chambermaid<br>
|hair
|-
|-
|горнорабочий<br>
|восемнадцатый
|miner<br>
|eighteenth
|-
|-
|горняк<br>
|восемнадцать
|miner<br>
|eighteen
|-
|-
|город<br>
|восемьдесят
|city<br>
|eighty
|-
|-
|госпиталь<br>
|восемьсот
|hospital<br>
|eight hundred
|-
|-
|господни<br>
|воскресенье
|gentleman, Mr.<br>
|Sunday
|-
|-
|госпожа<br>
|воспаление
|lady, Mrs.<br>
|inflammation
|-
|-
|государственный<br>
|воспаление кишок
|government<br>
|inflammation of the intestines
|-
|-
|государственный архив<br>
|воспаление легких
|government archive<br>
|inflammation of the lungs
|-
|-
|гражданин<br>
|воспаление мозгова
|citizen (male)<br>
|inflammation of the brain
|-
|-
|гражданка<br>
|восприемник
|citizen (female)<br>
|godparent
|-
|-
|гражданство<br>
|восприемница
|citizenship<br>
|godmother
|-
|-
|грамота<br>
|восприемники
|literacy<br>
|godparents
|-
|-
|грамотный<br>
|восток
|literate<br>
|east
|-
|-
|гренадер<br>
|восточный
|grenadier<br>
|eastern
|-
|-
|губерния<br>
|восьмидесятый
|province, guberniya (adm. unit)<br>
|eightieth
|-
|-
|гусар<br>
|восьмисотый
|hussar, light cavalryman<br>
|eight hundredth
|}
 
<br>
 
===Д===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|восьмой
|'''English'''
|eighth
|-
|-
|дано<br>
|время
|was given<br>
|time
|-
|-
|дать<br>
|всё
|to give<br>
|all, everyone, every
|-
|-
|два<br>
|вся
|two (masc., neut.)
|all, everyone, every
|-
|-
|двадцатый<br>
|вступить в брак
|twentieth<br>
|to get married (to enter marriage)
|-
|-
|двадцать<br>
|вступление в брак
|twenty<br>
|marriage (entering marriage, often used in giving the marriage date)
|-
|-
|две<br>
|вступить на службу
|two (fem.)<br>
|to go into the service
|-
|-
|двенадцатый<br>
|вторник
|twelfth<br>
|Tuesday
|-
|-
|двенадцать<br>
|второй
|twelve<br>
|second
|-
|-
|двести<br>
|вчера
|two hundred<br>
|yesterday
|-
|-
|движимость<br>
|вчерашний
|movable property<br>
|yesterday (adj)
|-
|-
|двойни<br>
|выдать
|twins<br>
|to issue
|-
|-
|двойня<br>
|выкидыщ
|twin<br>
|miscarriage
|-
|-
|дворянин<br>
|выписка
|nobleman
|extract, (record)
|-
|-
|дворянка<br>
|выслать
|noblewoman
|to be send
|-
|-
|дворянский род<br>
|высокий
|noble line, noble family
|tall
|-
|-
|дворянство<br>
|выходить замуж
|nobility
|to marry, to be married (fem)
|-
|-
|двоюродная сестра<br>
|вышесказанное
|female cousin
|the above mentioned
|}
 
===Г===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|двоюродная брат<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|male cousin
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|двухсотый<br>
|г.
|two hundredth
|abbreviation for город (city)
|-
|гвардец
|guardsmen
|-
|-
|дева<br>
|гвардуия
|maiden
|guards
|-
|-
|деверь<br>
|где
|brother in law, husband's brother
|where
|-
|-
|девица<br>
|генварь
|maiden, unmarried woman
|general
|-
|-
|Девичья фамилия<br>
|генеалогия<br>
|maiden name
|genealogy<br>
|-
|-
|Девочка<br>
|герб
|little girl
|coat of arms
|-
|-
|девушка<br>
|герой
|girl, maiden
|hero
|-
|-
|девяносто<br>
|глаз
|ninety
|eye
|-
|-
|девяностый<br>
|глухой
|ninetieth
|blind
|-
|-
|девятисотый<br>
|год
|nine hundredth
|year
|-
|-
|девятнадцатый<br>
|голод
|nineteenth
|hunger, starvation
|-
|-
|девятнадцать<br>
|гончар
|nineteen
|potter
|-
|-
|девятый<br>
|горничная
|ninth
|house maid, chambermaid
|-
|-
|девять<br>
|горнорабочий
|nine
|miner
|-
|-
|девятьсот<br>
|горняк
|nine hundred
|miner
|-
|-
|дед<br>
|город
|grandfather
|city
|-
|-
|дедушка<br>
|горячка
|grandfather
|fever; burning ague
|-
|-
|декабрь<br>
|госпиталь<br>
|December
|hospital<br>
|-
|-
|дело<br>
|господни<br>
|file, business, matter
|gentleman, Mr.<br>
|-
|-
|день<br>
|госпожа<br>
|day
|lady, Mrs.<br>
|-
|-
|день рождения<br>
|государственный<br>
|birthday
|government<br>
|-
|-
|деревня<br>
|государственный архив<br>
|village (derevnya)
|government archive<br>
|-
|-
|десятый<br>
|гражданин<br>
|tenth
|citizen (male)<br>
|-
|-
|десять<br>
|гражданка<br>
|ten
|citizen (female)<br>
|-
|-
|дети<br>
|гражданский, гражданство<br>
|children
|citizenship (adj.), citizenship (noun)<br>
|-
|-
|детство<br>
|грамота<br>
|childhood
|literacy<br>
|-
|-
|дисентерия<br>
|грамотный<br>
|dysentery
|literate<br>
|-
|-
|дитя<br>
|гренадер<br>
|child
|grenadier<br>
|-
|-
|днём<br>
|губерния, губ.<br>
|during the day, in the afternoon
|province, guberniya (adm. unit)<br>
|-
|-
|до<br>
|гусар<br>
|until, up to, before
|hussar, light cavalryman<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Д===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|договор<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|agreement
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|документ<br>
|дано<br>
|document
|was given<br>
|-
|-
|дом<br>
|дать<br>
|house, home, building
|to give<br>
|-
|-
|домохозяйка
|два<br>
|housewife
|two (masc., neut.)
|-
|-
|донести<br>
|двадцатый<br>
|to inform
|twentieth<br>
|-
|-
|достигать совершеннолетия<br>
|двадцать<br>
|to com of age, attain one's majority
|twenty<br>
|-
|-
|дочь<br>
|две<br>
|daughter
|two (fem.)<br>
|-
|-
|Доярка<br>
|двенадцатый<br>
|milkmaid
|twelfth<br>
|-
|-
|дровокол<br>
|двенадцать<br>
|woodcutter
|twelve<br>
|-
|-
|дровосек<br>
|двести<br>
|woodcutter
|two hundred<br>
|-
|-
|дряхлость<br>
|движимость<br>
|decrepitude
|movable property<br>
|-
|-
|дряхлость<br>
|двойни<br>
|decrepit
|twins<br>
|-
|-
|дубильщик<br>
|двойня<br>
|tanner
|twin<br>
|-
|-
|духовная консистория<br>
|дворянин<br>
|diocese, consistory
|nobleman
|-
|-
|душевнобольной<br>
|дворянка<br>
|mentally ill
|noblewoman
|-
|-
|дядя<br>
|дворянский род<br>
|uncle
|noble line, noble family
|}
 
<br>
 
===Е===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|дворянство<br>
|'''English'''
|nobility
|-
|-
|Еврейские
|двоюродная сестра<br>
|"Yevreyskie" or Jewish
|female cousin
|-
|-
|Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть
|двоюродная брат<br>
|"Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast'" or Jewish Autonomous Oblast
|male cousin
|-
|-
|его
|двухсотый<br>
|him, his
|two hundredth
|-
|-
|её
|дева<br>
|her
|maiden
|-
|-
|евангелический<br>
|деверь<br>
|Protestant<br>
|brother in law, husband's brother
|-
|-
|еврей<br>
|девица<br>
|Jew<br>
|maiden, unmarried woman
|-
|-
|еврейка<br>
|Девичья фамилия<br>
|Jewess<br>
|maiden name
|-
|-
|единокровная сестра<br>
|Девочка<br>
|half sister<br>
|little girl
|-
|-
|единокровниый брат<br>
|девушка<br>
|half brother<br>
|girl, maiden
|-
|-
|епархия<br>
|девяносто<br>
|diocese<br>
|ninety
|-
|-
|епископ<br>
|девяностый<br>
|bishop<br>
|ninetieth
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ё===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|девятисотый<br>
|'''English'''
|nine hundredth
|-
|-
|<br>
|девятнадцатый<br>
|<br>
|nineteenth
|-
|-
|<br>
|девятнадцать<br>
|<br>
|nineteen
|-
|-
|<br>
|девятый<br>
|<br>
|ninth
|-
|-
|<br>
|девять<br>
|
|nine
|-
|-
|<br>
|девятьсот<br>
|<br>
|nine hundred
|-
|-
|<br>
|дед<br>
|<br>
|grandfather
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ж===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|дедушка<br>
|'''English'''
|grandfather
|-
|-
|жар<br>
|декабрь<br>
|Fever<br>
|December
|-
|-
|железнодорожник<br>
|дело<br>
|railroad worker<br>
|file, business, matter
|-
|-
|желтуха<br>
|день<br>
|jaundice<br>
|day
|-
|-
|жена<br>
|день рождения<br>
|wife
|birthday
|-
|-
|женатый<br>
|дер.
|
|village (abbreviation of деревня)
married man
 
|-
|-
|женитьба<br>
|деревня<br>
|marriage (about a man)<br>
|village
|-
|-
|жениться<br>
|десятый<br>
|to marry (about a man)
|tenth
|-
|-
|женик<br>
|десять<br>
|bridegroom, fiance
|ten
|-
|-
|женский<br>
|дети, детей<br>
|female
|children, children (accusative/genitive)
|-
|-
|жестянщик<br>
|детство<br>
|tinsmith
|childhood
|-
|-
|живущий на пособии<br>
|дифтерии
|welfare recipient
|diphtheria
|-
|дисентерия,
 
 
дизентерия<br>
|dysentery
|-
|-
|жилец<br>
|дитя<br>
|resident, lodger, occupant
|child
|-
|-
|жилище<br>
|днём<br>
|dwelling
|during the day, in the afternoon
|-
|-
|житель<br>
|до<br>
|inhabitant, occupant
|until, up to, before
|-
|-
|жительство<br>
|договор<br>
|residence, dwelling
|agreement
|-
|-
|жительствующий<br>
|документ<br>
|residing
|document
|-
|-
|жить<br>
|дом<br>
|to live, to dwell, to reside
|house, home, building
|-
|-
|<br>
|домохозяйка
|<br>
|housewife
|-
|-
|<br>
|донести<br>
|<br>
|to inform
|}
 
<br>
 
===З===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|достигать совершеннолетия<br>
|'''English'''
|to com of age, attain one's majority
|-
|-
|заграничный<br>
|дочь<br>
|foreign<br>
|daughter
|-
|-
|заключённый<br>
|Доярка<br>
|(prisoner), concluded<br>
|milkmaid
|-
|-
|заключить<br>
|дровокол<br>
|to conclude, to perform<br>
|woodcutter
|-
|-
|закон<br>
|дровосек<br>
|law<br>
|woodcutter
|-
|-
|законная жена<br>
|дряхлость<br>
|lawful wife<br>
|decrepitude
|-
|-
|законнорожённый<br>
|дряхлость<br>
|legitimately born<br>
|decrepit
|-
|-
|законность<br>
|дьякон, диакон
|legitimacy<br>
|deacon
|-
|-
|законный<br>
|дубильщик<br>
|legal, legitimate, lawful<br>
|tanner
|-
|-
|замерзшый<br>
|духовенство
|frozen<br>
|clergy
|-
|-
|замечание<br>
|духовная консистория<br>
|remark<br>
|diocese, consistory
|-
|-
|замужество<br>
|душевнобольной<br>
|marriage (about a woman)<br>
|mentally ill
|-
|-
|замужняя<br>
|дыхавиц
|married (about a woman)<br>
|breathing
|-
|-
|занятие<br>
|дядя<br>
|occupation<br>
|uncle
|}
 
<br>
 
===Е===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|запад<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|west<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|запдный<br>
|Еврейские
|western<br>
|"Yevreyskie" or Jewish
|-
|-
|записи передвиженния<br>
|Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть
|moving record<br>
|"Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast'" or Jewish Autonomous Oblast
|-
|-
|запись<br>
|его
|record(ing), registration<br>
|him, his
|-
|-
|здешний<br>
|её
|local<br>
|her
|-
|-
|землевладелец<br>
|евангелический<br>
|landowner<br>
|Protestant<br>
|-
|-
|земледелец<br>
|еврей<br>
|peasant, farmer<br>
|Jew (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|земледелие<br>
|еврейка<br>
|agriculture<br>
|Jew (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|земля<br>
|единокровная сестра<br>
|earth, land<br>
|half sister<br>
|-
|-
|земляк<br>
|единокровниый брат<br>
|fellow-countyman<br>
|half brother<br>
|-
|-
|землячка<br>
|епархия<br>
|fellow-country woman<br>
|diocese<br>
|-
|-
|зима<br>
|епископ<br>
|winter<br>
|bishop<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ё===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|золовка<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|sister-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|зять<br>
|<br>
|son-in-law, brother-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
|<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>  


===И===
===Ж===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
Line 1,288: Line 1,357:
|'''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|и<br>
|жар<br>
|and<br>
|Fever<br>
|-
|-
|и так далее (и т. д.)<br>
|железнодорожник<br>
|etc., and so forth, miscellaneous<br>
|railroad worker<br>
|-
|-
|из<br>
|желудочной боли
|from, out of<br>
|stomach pain/sickness
|-
|-
|издозчик<br>
|желтуха<br>
|coachman<br>
|jaundice<br>
|-
|-
|изгнанник<br>
|жена<br>
|exiled person<br>
|wife
|-
|-
|или<br>
|женатый<br>
|or<br>
|
married man
 
|-
|-
|имение<br>
|женитьба<br>
|estate<br>
|marriage (about a man)<br>
|-
|-
|именной указатель
|жениться<br>
|name register (like an index at the back of a book)
|to marry (about a man)
|-
|-
|иметь<br>
|женик<br>
|to have<br>
|bridegroom, fiance
|-
|-
|иммигрант<br>
|женский<br>
|immigrant<br>
|female
|-
|-
|имущество<br>
|женщина
|property<br>
|woman
|-
|-
|имя<br>
|жестянщик<br>
|name, (given name)<br>
|tinsmith
|-
|-
|инженер<br>
|живущий на пособии<br>
|engineer<br>
|welfare recipient
|-
|-
|исповедные ведомости<br>
|жилец<br>
|confession lists<br>
|resident, lodger, occupant
|-
|-
|их<br>
|жилище<br>
|them, their<br>
|dwelling
|-
|житель<br>
|inhabitant, occupant
|-
|жительство<br>
|residence, dwelling
|-
|-
|июль<br>
|жительствующий<br>
|July<br>
|residing
|-
|-
|июнь<br>
|жить<br>
|June<br>
|to live, to dwell, to reside
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Й===
===З===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
Line 1,349: Line 1,426:
|'''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|<br>
|заграничный<br>
|<br>
|foreign<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|ЗАГС
|<br>
|civil registration (abbreviation of записи актов гражданского состояния)
|-
|-
|<br>
|заключённый<br>
|<br>
|(prisoner), concluded<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|заключить<br>
|
|to conclude, to perform<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|закон<br>
|<br>
|law<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|законная жена<br>
|<br>
|lawful wife<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===К===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|законнорождённый<br>
|'''English'''
|legitimately born<br>
|-
|-
|к<br>
|законность<br>
|to<br>
|legitimacy<br>
|-
|-
|кто
|законный<br>
|who
|legal, legitimate, lawful<br>
|-
|-
|кем, кѣмъ
|замерзшый<br>
|by whom
|frozen<br>
|-
|-
|какимъ
|замечание<br>
|(by) which
|remark<br>
|-
|-
|какое
|замужество<br>
|which, what
|marriage (about a woman)<br>
|-
|-
|кабатчик<br>
|замужняя<br>
|innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
|married (about a woman)<br>
|-
|-
|кавалерист<br>
|занятие<br>
|cavalryman<br>
|occupation<br>
|-
|-
|казак<br>
|запад<br>
|Cossack<br>
|west<br>
|-
|-
|казённая палата<br>
|запасной рядовой
|provincial financial office<br>
|reserve soldier, reserve private
|-
|-
|как видно<br>
|запасный ветеринарный фельдшер
|as is seen<br>
|emergency veterinarian
|-
|-
|калека<br>
|западный<br>
|cripple<br>
|western<br>
|-
|-
|калесный мастер<br>
|записи актов гражданского состояния
|wheelwright<br>
|records of acts of civil status, civil registration records, vital records
|-
|-
|каменщик<br>
|записи передвиженния<br>
|mason, bricklayer<br>
|moving record<br>
|-
|-
|канцлер<br>
|запись<br>
|chancellor<br>
|record(ing), registration<br>
|-
|-
|капитан<br>
|звание
|captain<br>
|occupation, rank
|-
|-
|капрал<br>
|здешний<br>
|corporal<br>
|local<br>
|-
|-
|караул<br>
|землевладелец<br>
|guard<br>
|landowner<br>
|-
|-
|католический<br>
|земледелец<br>
|Catholic (adj.)<br>
|peasant, farmer<br>
|-
|-
|кашель<br>
|земледелие<br>
|cough<br>
|agriculture<br>
|-
|-
|кладбище<br>
|земля<br>
|cemetery<br>
|earth, land<br>
|-
|-
|книга<br>
|земляк<br>
|book<br>
|fellow-countyman<br>
|-
|-
|колония<br>
|землячка<br>
|settlment, colony<br>
|fellow-country woman<br>
|-
|-
|командирован на службу<br>
|зима<br>
|ordered, commissioned to service<br>
|winter<br>
|-
|-
|кондуктор<br>
|золовка<br>
|conductor, guard<br>
|sister-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
|-
|-
|кончина<br>
|зять<br>
|demise, death<br>
|son-in-law, brother-in-law, (husband's sister)<br>
|-
|}
|конюх<br>
 
|groom, stableman<br>
<br>
 
===И===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|коробейник<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|peddler<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|корь<br>
|и<br>
|measles<br>
|and<br>
|-
|-
|костёл<br>
|и так далее (и т. д.)<br>
|church (Catholic)<br>
|etc., and so forth, miscellaneous<br>
|-
|-
|который<br>
|из<br>
|which, that, who<br>
|from, out of<br>
|-
|-
|кочегар<br>
|издозчик<br>
|stoker<br>
|coachman<br>
|-
|-
|красильщик<br>
|изгнанник<br>
|dyer<br>
|exiled person<br>
|-
|-
|крепостной<br>
|или<br>
|serf<br>
|or<br>
|-
|-
|крестить<br>
|имение<br>
|to christen, to baptize<br>
|estate<br>
|-
|-
|кретник<br>
|именной указатель
|godson<br>
|name register (like an index at the back of a book)
|-
|-
|крестница<br>
|иметь, имеет<br>
|goddaughter<br>
|to have, has<br>
|-
|-
|крёстные родители<br>
|иммигрант<br>
|godparents<br>
|immigrant<br>
|-
|-
|крестьяне<br>
|имущество<br>
|peasants<br>
|property<br>
|-
|-
|крестьянин<br>
|имя, имена<br>
|peasant (m.)<br>
|name, names (given name)<br>
|-
|-
|крестьянин владеющий землей<br>
|инженер<br>
|landowning farmer<br>
|engineer<br>
|-
|-
|кестянка<br>
|инфлюэнция, инфлюэнсия
|peasant (f.)<br>
|influenza
|-
|-
|крещение <br>
|исповедные ведомости<br>
|baptism, christening<br>
|confession lists<br>
|-
|-
|ксендз<br>
|иудей, иуд., иудейский
|priest (Catholic)<br>
|Jew, Jewish
|-
|-
|кузнец<br>
|их<br>
|blacksmith<br>
|them, their<br>
|-
|-
|купец<br>
|июль<br>
|merchant<br>
|July<br>
|-
|-
|кухарка<br>
|июнь<br>
|cook<br>
|June<br>
|-
|кучер<br>
|coachman<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Л===
===Й===
No Russian words begin with Й. Only some foreign words.
 
<br>
 
===К===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
Line 1,528: Line 1,604:
|'''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|лакей<br>
|к/ко<br>
|lackey, footman<br>
|to<br>
|-
|-
|лейтенант<br>
|кто
|lietenant<br>
|who
|-
|-
|лесоруб<br>
|кем, кѣмъ
|lumberjack<br>
|by whom
|-
|-
|лет<br>
|какимъ
|years<br>
|(by) which
|-
|-
|лето<br>
|какое
|summer<br>
|which, what
|-
|-
|летом<br>
|кабатчик<br>
|in the summer<br>
|innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
|-
|-
|лёгкое<br>
|кавалерист<br>
|lung, light (adj.)<br>
|cavalryman<br>
|-
|-
|литейщик<br>
|казак<br>
|foundry worker<br>
|Cossack<br>
|-
|-
|лихорадка<br>
|казаки
|fever<br>
|Cossacks
|-
|-
|лицо<br>
|казённая палата<br>
|face<br>
|provincial financial office<br>
|-
|-
|лично<br>
|казенный крестьянин
|personally<br>
|state peasant
|-
|-
|лодочник<br>
|как видно<br>
|boatman<br>
|as is seen<br>
|-
|-
|лоцман<br>
|калека<br>
|harbor pilot<br>
|cripple<br>
|-
|-
|лудильщик<br>
|калесный мастер<br>
|tinsmith<br>
|wheelwright<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===М===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|каменщик<br>
|'''English'''
|mason, bricklayer<br>
|-
|-
|май<br>
|канцлер<br>
|May<br>
|chancellor<br>
|-
|-
|майор<br>
|капитан<br>
|major<br>
|captain<br>
|-
|-
|маленький<br>
|капрал<br>
|
|corporal<br>
small, little,
 
|-
|-
|маляр<br>
|Караимы
|painter<br>
|Crimean Karaites
|-
|-
|мама<br>
|караул<br>
|mama<br>
|guard<br>
|-
|-
|март<br>
|католический<br>
|March<br>
|Catholic (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|мастер<br>
|кашель<br>
|master, foreman<br>
|cough<br>
|-
|-
|матрос<br>
|квартира, кв.
|seaman<br>
|apartment, apt. (abbreviation)
|-
|-
|мать<br>
|кладбище<br>
|mother<br>
|cemetery<br>
|-
|-
|мачеха<br>
|книга<br>
|stepmother<br>
|book<br>
|-
|-
|между<br>
|коклюш
|between<br>
|whooping cough
|-
|-
|медник<br>
|колония<br>
|brazier, coppersmith<br>
|settlment, colony<br>
|-
|-
|мельник<br>
|командирован на службу<br>
|miller<br>
|ordered, commissioned to service<br>
|-
|-
|мертворождённый<br>
|конвульсии
|stillborn<br>
|convulsions
|-
|-
|место<br>
|кондуктор<br>
|place<br>
|conductor, guard<br>
|-
|-
|месяц<br>
|кончина<br>
|month<br>
|demise, death<br>
|-
|-
|метрика<br>
|конюх<br>
|birth certificate<br>
|groom, stableman<br>
|-
|-
|метрическая книга<br>
|коробейник<br>
|vital records; register of births, marriages, and deaths<br>
|peddler<br>
|-
|-
|метрическое свидетельство<br>
|корь<br>
|birth certificate<br>
|measles<br>
|-
|-
|меховщик<br>
|костёл<br>
|furrier
|church (Catholic)<br>
|-
|-
|мещанин
|который<br>
|member of the petty bourgeois class; townspeople, artisans or traders
|which, that, who<br>
|-
|-
|младенец<br>
|кочегар<br>
|child, infant (m.)<br>
|stoker<br>
|-
|-
|младенца<br>
|красильщик<br>
|child, infant (f.)<br>
|dyer<br>
|-
|-
|младенчество<br>
|крвавка
|infancy<br>
|blood loss from a bleeding wound
|-
|-
|могила<br>
|крепостной<br>
|grave<br>
|serf<br>
|-
|-
|молодой<br>
|крепостний крестьянин
|young<br>
|serf
|-
|-
|маряк<br>
|крестить<br>
|seaman<br>
|to christen, to baptize<br>
|-
|-
|мусульманский<br>
|крестник<br>
|Islamic<br>
|godson<br>
|-
|-
|муж<br>
|крестница<br>
|husband<br>
|goddaughter<br>
|-
|-
|мужик<br>
|крёстные родители<br>
|peasant<br>
|godparents<br>
|-
|-
|мужской<br>
|крестьяне<br>
|male<br>
|peasants<br>
|-
|-
|мужчина<br>
|крестьянин<br>
|man<br>
|peasant (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|мэр<br>
|крестьянин владеющий землей<br>
|mayor<br>
|landowning farmer<br>
|-
|крестьянин государственный
|state peasant
|-
|крестьянка<br>
|peasant (f.)<br>
|-
|крещение <br>
|baptism, christening<br>
|-
|круп
|croup
|-
|ксендз<br>
|priest (Catholic)<br>
|-
|кузнец<br>
|blacksmith<br>
|-
|купец<br>
|merchant<br>
|-
|купцы
|merchants
|-
|кухарка<br>
|cook<br>
|-
|-
|мясник<br>
|кучер<br>
|butcher<br>
|coachman<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Н===
===Л===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
Line 1,694: Line 1,788:
|'''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|на<br>
|лакей<br>
|in, on, at, to<br>
|lackey, footman<br>
|-
|-
|найдёныш<br>
|лейтенант<br>
|foundling<br>
|lietenant<br>
|-
|-
|наниматель<br>
|лесоруб<br>
|tenant, employer<br>
|lumberjack<br>
|-
|-
|народ<br>
|лет<br>
|people<br>
|years, years old (age)<br>
|-
|-
|наследник<br>
|лето<br>
|heir<br>
|summer<br>
|-
|-
|наследование<br>
|летом<br>
|inheritance<br>
|in the summer<br>
|-
|-
|настоящий<br>
|лёгкое<br>
|present (adj.) this, real, genuine<br>
|lung, light (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|начальник<br>
|литейщик<br>
|head, chief, superior<br>
|foundry worker<br>
|-
|-
|не<br>
|лихорадка<br>
|no, not<br>
|fever<br>
|-
|-
|нет<br>
|лицо<br>
|no<br>
|person, individual, face<br>
|-
|-
|невеста<br>
|лично<br>
|bride, fiancee<br>
|personally<br>
|-
|-
|невестка<br>
|лодочник<br>
|dauther-in-law, sister-in-law (brother's wife)<br>
|boatman<br>
|-
|-
|неграмотный<br>
|лоцман<br>
|illiterate<br>
|harbor pilot<br>
|-
|-
|недвижимость<br>
|лудильщик<br>
|immovable property<br>
|tinsmith<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===М===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|неделя<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|week<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|незаконнорождённый<br>
|май<br>
|illegitimately born<br>
|May<br>
|-
|-
|немец<br>
|майор<br>
|German (m.)<br>
|major<br>
|-
|-
|немка<br>
|маленький<br>
|German (f.)<br>
|small, little,
|-
|-
|немой<br>
|малолетство
|dumb<br>
|underage, childhood
|-
|-
|немощный<br>
|маляр<br>
|infirm<br>
|painter<br>
|-
|-
|немощь<br>
|мама<br>
|infirmity
|mama<br>
|-
|-
|неправильный<br>
|март<br>
|wrong, incorrect
|March<br>
|-
|-
|несовершеннолетие<br>
|мастер<br>
|underage, minority
|master, foreman<br>
|-
|-
|нижеподписавшийця<br>
|матрос<br>
|undersigned
|seaman<br>
|-
|-
|нищий<br>
|мать/матерь<br>
|beggar
|mother<br>
|-
|-
|новобранец<br>
|мачеха<br>
|recruit
|stepmother<br>
|-
|-
|новобрачные<br>
|между<br>
|newlyweds
|between<br>
|-
|-
|новорождённый<br>
|медник<br>
|newborn
|brazier, coppersmith<br>
|-
|-
|нос<br>
|мельник<br>
|nose
|miller<br>
|-
|-
|нотариус<br>
|мертворождённый<br>
|notary
|stillborn<br>
|-
|-
|ночи, ночью<br>
|местечко
|at night
|small village or town; often referring to a shtetl (small Jewish village)
|-
|-
|ночь<br>
|место<br>
|night<br>
|place<br>
|-
|-
|ноябрь<br>
|месяц<br>
|November<br>
|month<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===О===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|метрика<br>
|'''English'''
|birth certificate<br>
|-
|-
|o
|метрическая книга
|about
|metrical book (metrical record, vital record book, register of births, marriages, and deaths)
|-
|-
|оба<br>
|метрические книги
|both<br>
|metrical books (metrical records)
|-
|-
|область<br>
|метрическое свидетельство
|province, region, oblast<br>
|birth certificate
|-
|-
|образование<br>
|меховщик
|education<br>
|furrier
|-
|-
|обручение<br>
|мещанин
|engagement, betrothal<br>
|member of middle class (petty bourgeois, townspeople, artisans or traders) (m.)
|-
|-
|обряд<br>
|мещанка
|rite, ceremony<br>
|member of middle class (petty bourgeois, townspeople, artisans or traders) (f.)
|-
|-
|обшество<br>
|младенец<br>
|society<br>
|child, infant (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|объялять<br>
|младенца
|to declare, state, announce<br>
|child, infant (f.)
|-
|-
|обыски брачные<br>
|младенчество
|pre-marital search (see брачные обыски)<br>
|infancy
|-
|-
|оглашение<br>
|могила
|marriage bans, announcement<br>
|grave
|-
|-
|оглашение имен вступающих в брак<br>
|молодой<br>
|publication of the names of those about to marry<br>
|young<br>
|-
|-
|один<br>
|моряк<br>
|one (masc.)<br>
|seaman<br>
|-
|-
|одна<br>
|мусульманский<br>
|one (fem.)<br>
|Islamic<br>
|-
|-
|одно<br>
|муж<br>
|one (neuter)<br>
|husband<br>
|-
|-
|округ<br>
|мужик<br>
|okrug, district, territory, area<br>
|peasant<br>
|-
|-
|октябрь<br>
|мужской<br>
|October<br>
|male<br>
|-
|-
|он<br>
|мужчина<br>
|he<br>
|man<br>
|-
|-
|она<br>
|мэр<br>
|she<br>
|mayor<br>
|-
|-
|оно<br>
|мясник<br>
|it<br>
|butcher<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Н===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|они<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|they<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|опекун<br>
|на<br>
|guardian<br>
|in, on, at, to<br>
|-
|-
|опись<br>
|найдёныш<br>
|list, inventory, series<br>
|foundling<br>
|-
|-
|оплатить<br>
|наниматель<br>
|to pay<br>
|tenant, employer<br>
|-
|-
|опухоль<br>
|народ<br>
|tumor, swelling<br>
|people<br>
|-
|-
|осень<br>
|наследник<br>
|autumn, fall<br>
|heir<br>
|-
|-
|осенью<br>
|наследование<br>
|in the autumn, in the fall<br>
|inheritance<br>
|-
|-
|основание<br>
|настоящий<br>
|basis, foundation<br>
|present (adj.) this, real, genuine<br>
|-
|-
|оспа<br>
|национальность
|smallpox<br>
|nationality
|-
|-
|от<br>
|начальник<br>
|from<br>
|head, chief, superior<br>
|-
|-
|отец<br>
|не<br>
|father<br>
|no, not<br>
|-
|-
|отставка<br>
|нет<br>
|retirement, discharge<br>
|no<br>
|-
|-
|отставной<br>
|невеста<br>
|retired<br>
|bride, fiancee<br>
|-
|-
|отсуствующий<br>
|невестка<br>
|absent<br>
|dauther-in-law, sister-in-law (brother's wife)<br>
|-
|-
|отчество<br>
|неграмотный<br>
|patronymic<br>
|illiterate<br>
|-
|-
|отчим<br>
|недвижимость<br>
|stepfather<br>
|immovable property<br>
|-
|-
|охрана<br>
|неделя<br>
|guard<br>
|week<br>
|-
|-
|о родившихся
|незаконнорождённый<br>
|births (literally: about those who were born)
|illegitimately born<br>
|-
|-
|о бракосочетавшихся
|немец<br>
|marriages (literally: about those who were married)<br>
|German (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|о разведшихся
|нем., немецкий
|divorces (literally: about those who were divorced)
|German (language)
|-
|-
|о умершихъ
|немка<br>
|deaths (literally: about those who died)<br>
|German (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|немой<br>
|<br>
|dumb<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===П===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|немощный<br>
|'''English'''
|infirm<br>
|-
|-
|падчерица<br>
|немощь<br>
|stepdaughter<br>
|infirmity
|-
|-
|палач<br>
|неопределенная болезнь
|butcher, executioner<br>
|undetermined disease
|-
|-
|папа<br>
|неправильный<br>
|papa, dad<br>
|wrong, incorrect
|-
|-
|паспорт<br>
|несовершеннолетие<br>
|passport<br>
|underage, minority
|-
|-
|паспортный<br>
|несчастья убитъ
|passport (adj.)<br>
|killed in an unfortunate accident
|-
|-
|пасынок<br>
|нижеподписавшийця<br>
|stepson<br>
|undersigned
|-
|-
|паяльщик<br>
|нищий<br>
|tinsmith, plumber<br>
|beggar
|-
|-
|пекарь<br>
|новобранец<br>
|baker<br>
|recruit
|-
|-
|первый<br>
|новобрачные<br>
|first<br>
|newlyweds
|-
|-
|перевозчик<br>
|новорождённый<br>
|ferryman<br>
|newborn
|-
|-
|переплётчик<br>
|нос<br>
|bookbinder<br>
|nose
|-
|-
|печатник<br>
|нотариус<br>
|printer<br>
|notary
|-
|-
|печать<br>
|ночи, ночью<br>
|stamp, seal, press<br>
|at night
|-
|-
|писарь<br>
|ночь<br>
|clerk, scribe<br>
|night<br>
|-
|-
|племянник<br>
|ноябрь<br>
|nephew<br>
|November<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===О===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|племянница<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|niece<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|плотник<br>
|o/об/обо
|carpenter<br>
|about
|-
|-
|повар<br>
|оба<br>
|cook<br>
|both<br>
|-
|-
|повинность<br>
|область<br>
|obligation<br>
|province, region, oblast<br>
|-
|-
|пограничная стража
|образование<br>
|border corps
|education<br>
|-
|-
|погребение<br>
|обручение<br>
|burial<br>
|engagement, betrothal<br>
|-
|-
|подать<br>
|обряд<br>
|to submit<br>
|rite, ceremony<br>
|-
|-
|поденщик<br>
|обструкция, опструкция
|day laborer<br>
|obstruction
|-
|-
|подлинник<br>
|общество<br>
|original<br>
|society, company, community<br>
|-
|-
|подлиный
|объялять<br>
|
|to declare, state, announce<br>
authentic<br>
 
|-
|-
|подпись<br>
|обыватель
|signature<br>
|commoner, inhabitant
|-
|-
|подпоручик
|обыски брачные<br>
|second lieutenant
|pre-marital search (see брачные обыски)<br>
|-
|-
|пожар<br>
|оглашение<br>
|fire<br>
|marriage bans, announcement<br>
|-
|-
|пожарный<br>
|оглашение имен вступающих в брак<br>
|fireman<br>
|publication of the names of those about to marry<br>
|-
|-
|пожилой<br>
|один<br>
|elderly<br>
|one (masc.)<br>
|-
|-
|позволение<br>
|одиночка
|permission<br>
|sole occupant of household
|-
|-
|покойник<br>
|одна<br>
|the deceased (m.)<br>
|one (fem.)<br>
|-
|-
|покойница<br>
|одно<br>
|the deceased (f.)<br>
|one (neuter)<br>
|-
|-
|покойный<br>
|округ<br>
|deceased, late<br>
|okrug, district, territory, area<br>
|-
|-
|пол<br>
|октябрь<br>
|gender, sex<br>
|October<br>
|-
|-
|полагать<br>
|он<br>
|to suppose, to propose<br>
|he<br>
|-
|-
|полдень<br>
|она<br>
|noon, midday<br>
|she<br>
|-
|-
|полк<br>
|оно<br>
|regiment<br>
|it<br>
|-
|-
|полковник<br>
|ономедни
|colonel<br>
|the other day, a couple of days ago, the day before yesterday (or, these days, recently)
|-
|-
|полночь<br>
|они<br>
|midnight<br>
|they<br>
|-
|-
|получить<br>
|опекун<br>
|to receive<br>
|guardian<br>
|-
|-
|понедельник<br>
|опись<br>
|Monday<br>
|list, inventory, series<br>
|-
|-
|по полудни<br>
|оплатить<br>
|in the afternoon<br>
|to pay<br>
|-
|-
|по полуночи<br>
|опструкция, обструкция
|after midnight<br>
|obstruction
|-
|-
|портниха<br>
|опухоль<br>
|dressmaker<br>
|tumor, swelling<br>
|-
|-
|портной<br>
|осень<br>
|tailor<br>
|autumn, fall<br>
|-
|-
|поручитель<br>
|осенью<br>
|bondsman, guarantor<br>
|in the autumn, in the fall<br>
|-
|-
|поселенец<br>
|основание<br>
|settler<br>
|basis, foundation<br>
|-
|-
|поселение<br>
|оспа<br>
|settlement<br>
|smallpox<br>
|-
|-
|посемйные списки<br>
|от<br>
|family lists <br>
|from<br>
|-
|-
|послужной список<br>
|отлел
|service record<br>
|department, office
|-
|-
|пособие<br>
|отец<br>
|allowance, benefit, welfare<br>
|father<br>
|-
|-
|постоянный<br>
|отставка<br>
|permanent<br>
|retirement, discharge<br>
|-
|-
|потомок<br>
|отставной<br>
|descendant, offspring<br>
|retired<br>
|-
|-
|потомок по прямой линии<br>
|отсуствующий<br>
|direct discendant<br>
|absent<br>
|-
|-
|потомственный<br>
|отчество<br>
|hereditary<br>
|patronymic<br>
|-
|-
|потомство<br>
|отчим<br>
|posterity, descendants<br>
|stepfather<br>
|-
|-
|похоронен<br>
|охрана<br>
|buried (m.)<br>
|guard<br>
|-
|-
|похоронена<br>
|о родившихся
|buried (f.)<br>
|births (literally: about those who were born)
|-
|-
|похороны<br>
|о бракосочетавшихся
|burial<br>
|marriages (literally: about those who were married)<br>
|-
|-
|почтальон<br>
|о разведшихся
|mailman<br>
|divorces (literally: about those who were divorced)
|-
|-
|прабабушка<br>
|об умершихъ
|great grandmother<br>
|deaths (literally: about those who died)<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===П===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|правнук<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|great grandson<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|правнучка<br>
|падучя
|great grandaughter<br>
|epilepsy
|-
|-
|православный<br>
|падчерица<br>
|Orthodox<br>
|stepdaughter<br>
|-
|-
|прадед<br>
|палач<br>
|great grandfather<br>
|butcher, executioner<br>
|-
|-
|прапрабабушка<br>
|папа<br>
|great great grandmother<br>
|papa, dad<br>
|-
|-
|прапрадед<br>
|паралижя
|great great grandfather<br>
|paralysis
|-
|-
|прародитель<br>
|паралич
|progenitor<br>
|palsy
|-
|-
|предбрачные свидетельства<br>
|паспорт<br>
|premaritial certificantes documenting that the bride and groom are not related<br>
|passport<br>
|-
|-
|предок<br>
|паспортный<br>
|ancestro, forefather<br>
|passport (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|представить<br>
|пасынок<br>
|to produce, to resent<br>
|stepson<br>
|-
|-
|предшествовать<br>
|пачерица
|to precede<br>
|step daughter
|-
|-
|призвание<br>
|паяльщик<br>
|vocation, calling<br>
|tinsmith, plumber<br>
|-
|-
|призывник<br>
|пекарь<br>
|conscript<br>
|baker<br>
|-
|-
|призывные списки<br>
|первый<br>
|recruitment lists<br>
|first<br>
|-
|-
|приказчик<br>
|перевозчик<br>
|shop assistnace, salesman<br>
|ferryman<br>
|-
|-
|принадлежать<br>
|переплётчик<br>
|to belong to<br>
|bookbinder<br>
|-
|-
|принять<br>
|печатник<br>
|to accept, to receive<br>
|printer<br>
|-
|-
|присутствие<br>
|печать<br>
|presence<br>
|stamp, seal, press<br>
|-
|-
|присутствующий<br>
|писарь<br>
|to be present, in attendance<br>
|clerk, scribe<br>
|-
|-
|приход<br>
|письмоводитель
|parish, ward<br>
|clerk
|-
|-
|приходский<br>
|племянник<br>
|parish, ward (adj.)<br>
|nephew<br>
|-
|-
|причат<br>
|племянница<br>
|clergy<br>
|niece<br>
|-
|-
|приют<br>
|плотник<br>
|orphanage<br>
|carpenter<br>
|-
|-
|продавец<br>
|повар<br>
|salesman<br>
|cook<br>
|-
|-
|продолжение<br>
|повинность<br>
|continuation<br>
|obligation<br>
|-
|-
|пройсходить<br>
|после
|to descend<br>
|after
|-
|-
|пройсхождение<br>
|пограничная стража
|descent, origin<br>
|border corps
|-
|-
|произойти<br>
|погребение<br>
|to descend from<br>
|burial<br>
|-
|-
|прочитать<br>
|подать<br>
|to read<br>
|to submit<br>
|-
|-
|прошение<br>
|поденщик<br>
|request (noun)<br>
|day laborer<br>
|-
|-
|пятидесятый<br>
|подлинник<br>
|fiftieth<br>
|original<br>
|-
|-
|пятисотый<br>
|подлиный
|five hundredth<br>
|
authentic<br>
 
|-
|-
|пятнадцатый<br>
|подпись<br>
|fifteenth<br>
|signature<br>
|-
|подпоручик
|second lieutenant
|-
|-
|пятница<br>
|пожар<br>
|Friday<br>
|fire<br>
|-
|-
|пятый<br>
|пожарный<br>
|fifth<br>
|fireman<br>
|-
|-
|пять<br>
|пожилой<br>
|five<br>
|elderly<br>
|-
|-
|пятьдесят<br>
|позволение<br>
|fivty<br>
|permission<br>
|-
|-
|пятьсот<br>
|покойник<br>
|five hundred<br>
|the deceased (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|покойница<br>
|<br>
|the deceased (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|покойный<br>
|<br>
|deceased, late<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|пол<br>
|<br>
|gender, sex<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Р===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|полагать<br>
|'''English'''
|to suppose, to propose<br>
|-
|-
|Ревизские сказки
|полдень<br>
|"Reviska Skazka" or Revision Lists
|noon, midday<br>
|-
|-
|раб<br>
|полк<br>
|slave<br>
|regiment<br>
|-
|-
|работа<br>
|полковник<br>
|work<br>
|colonel<br>
|-
|-
|работник<br>
|полночь<br>
|laborer (m.)<br>
|midnight<br>
|-
|-
|работница<br>
|получить<br>
|laborer (f.)<br>
|to receive<br>
|-
|-
|рабочий<br>
|понедельник<br>
|worker<br>
|Monday<br>
|-
|-
|раввин<br>
|понос
|rabbi<br>
|diarrhea
|-
|-
|район<br>
|по полудни<br>
|district, raion (modern term)<br>
|in the afternoon<br>
|-
|-
|разведённый<br>
|по полуночи<br>
|divorced<br>
|after midnight<br>
|-
|-
|развод<br>
|порока сердца
|divorce<br>
|heart disease
|-
|-
|разносчик<br>
|портниха<br>
|peddler<br>
|dressmaker<br>
|-
|-
|разрешение<br>
|портной<br>
|permission<br>
|tailor<br>
|-
|-
|разряд<br>
|поручитель<br>
|level, degree, rank<br>
|bondsman, guarantor<br>
|-
|-
|рак<br>
|порушения
|cancer<br>
|collapse, fall
|-
|-
|ребёнок<br>
|поселенец<br>
|child<br>
|settler<br>
|-
|-
|реестр<br>
|поселение<br>
|register<br>
|settlement<br>
|-
|-
|религиозный<br>
|посемйные списки<br>
|religious<br>
|family lists <br>
|-
|-
|религия<br>
|послужной список<br>
|religion, faith<br>
|service record<br>
|-
|-
|ремесленник<br>
|пособие<br>
|artisan, journeyman<br>
|allowance, benefit, welfare<br>
|-
|-
|ремесло<br>
|постоянный<br>
|trade, occupation<br>
|permanent<br>
|-
|-
|род<br>
|потомок<br>
|birth, family, kin, sort, type<br>
|descendant, offspring<br>
|-
|-
|родилась<br>
|потомок по прямой линии<br>
|was born (f.)<br>
|direct discendant<br>
|-
|-
|родились<br>
|потомственный<br>
|were born<br>
|hereditary<br>
|-
|-
|родился<br>
|потомственный почетный
|was born (m.0<br>
|hereditary honorary citizen, or a hereditary elite social class
|-
|-
|родина<br>
|потомство<br>
|native land<br>
|posterity, descendants<br>
|-
|-
|родители<br>
|похоронен<br>
|parents<br>
|buried (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|родиться<br>
|похоронена<br>
|to be born<br>
|buried (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|родовой<br>
|похороны<br>
|ancestral<br>
|burial<br>
|-
|-
|родом<br>
|почётные граждане
|by origin<br>
|honorary citizens, an elite social class, could be hereditary or personal.
|-
|-
|родоначальник<br>
|почтальон<br>
|ancestor (first generation of a clan)<br>
|mailman<br>
|-
|-
|родословная<br>
|прабабушка<br>
|genealogy, pedigree (book)<br>
|great grandmother<br>
|-
|-
|родословная книга<br>
|правнук<br>
|ancestry book<br>
|great grandson<br>
|-
|-
|родословный<br>
|правнучка<br>
|genealogical<br>
|great grandaughter<br>
|-
|-
|родственник<br>
|православный, православное вероисповедание<br>
|relative (m.)<br>
|Orthodox Christian, Russian Orthodox<br>
|-
|-
|родственница<br>
|прадед<br>
|(relative (f.)<br>
|great grandfather<br>
|-
|-
|родство<br>
|прапрабабушка<br>
|relationship, kinship<br>
|great great grandmother<br>
|-
|-
|роды<br>
|прапрадед<br>
|childbirth<br>
|great great grandfather<br>
|-
|-
|рождение<br>
|прародитель<br>
|birth<br>
|progenitor<br>
|-
|-
|рождения<br>
|предбрачные свидетельства<br>
|births<br>
|premaritial certificantes documenting that the bride and groom are not related<br>
|-
|-
|Рождество<br>
|предок<br>
|Christmas<br>
|ancestro, forefather<br>
|-
|-
|роспись<br>
|представить<br>
|inventory, list<br>
|to produce, to resent<br>
|-
|-
|рот<br>
|предшествовать<br>
|mouth<br>
|to precede<br>
|-
|-
|русый<br>
|привилегированный
|light brown<br>
|privileged, favored
|-
|-
|рыбяк<br>
|призвание<br>
|fisherman<br>
|vocation, calling<br>
|-
|-
|рыжий<br>
|призывник<br>
|red-haired<br>
|conscript<br>
|-
|-
|рядовой<br>
|призывные списки<br>
|ordinary (soldier)<br>
|recruitment lists<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===С===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|приказчик<br>
|'''English'''
|shop assistnace, salesman<br>
|-
|-
|Смерти
|призрев., призреваемый
|"Smerti" or death
|a ward (child under protection of a guardian)
|-
|-
|с<br>
|призивные списки
|from, with<br>
|conscription lists
|-
|-
|садовник<br>
|принадлежать<br>
|gardener<br>
|to belong to<br>
|-
|-
|сам<br>
|принять<br>
|self (m.)<br>
|to accept, to receive<br>
|-
|-
|сама<br>
|прислуг
|self (f.)<br>
|servant (m.)
|-
|-
|сами<br>
|прислуга
|selves<br>
|servant (f.)
|-
|-
|сапожник<br>
|присутствие<br>
|cobbler, shoemaker<br>
|presence<br>
|-
|-
|свёкор<br>
|присутствующий<br>
|father-in-law (husband's father)<br>
|to be present, in attendance<br>
|-
|-
|свекровь<br>
|приход<br>
|mother-in-law (husband's mother)<br>
|parish, ward<br>
|-
|-
|светлый<br>
|приходский<br>
|light (adj.)<br>
|parish, ward (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|свидетельство<br>
|причат<br>
|certificate, evidence<br>
|clergy<br>
|-
|-
|свидетельствовать/ за-<br>
|приют<br>
|to witness, to certify<br>
|orphanage<br>
|-
|-
|своебременно<br>
|продавец<br>
|timely<br>
|salesman<br>
|-
|-
|свояченица<br>
|продолжение<br>
|sister-in-law (wife's sister)<br>
|continuation<br>
|-
|-
|святое причастие<br>
|происходить<br>
|holy communion, the Lord's supper<br>
|to descend<br>
|-
|-
|святой<br>
|происхождение<br>
|holy<br>
|descent, origin<br>
|-
|-
|священник<br>
|произойти<br>
|priest, clergyman<br>
|to descend from<br>
|-
|-
|север<br>
|прошение<br>
|north<br>
|request (noun)<br>
|-
|-
|северный<br>
|псаломщик
|northern<br>
|acolyte, parish clerk
|-
|-
|сегодня<br>
|пятидесятый<br>
|today<br>
|fiftieth<br>
|-
|-
|седой<br>
|пятисотый<br>
|gray-haired<br>
|five hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|седмой<br>
|пятнадцатый<br>
|seventh<br>
|fifteenth<br>
|-
|-
|село<br>
|пятница<br>
|village (with a church)<br>
|Friday<br>
|-
|-
|семидесятый<br>
|пятый<br>
|seventieth<br>
|fifth<br>
|-
|-
|семисотый<br>
|пять<br>
|seven hundredth<br>
|five<br>
|-
|-
|семнадцать<br>
|пятьдесят<br>
|seventeen<br>
|fivty<br>
|-
|-
|семь<br>
|пятьсот<br>
|seven<br>
|five hundred<br>
|-
|}
|семьдесят<br>
 
|seventy<br>
<br>
 
===Р===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
|семьсот<br>
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|seven hundred<br>
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|семья<br>
|раб<br>
|family<br>
|slave<br>
|-
|-
|сентябрь<br>
|работа<br>
|September<br>
|work<br>
|-
|-
|серый<br>
|работник<br>
|gray<br>
|laborer (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|сестра<br>
|работница<br>
|sister<br>
|laborer (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|сирота<br>
|рабочий<br>
|orphan<br>
|worker<br>
|-
|-
|скарлатина<br>
|раввин<br>
|scarlet fever<br>
|rabbi<br>
|-
|-
|скончалась<br>
|район<br>
|died (f.)<br>
|district, raion (modern term)<br>
|-
|-
|скончался<br>
|развалины
|died (m.)<br>
|ruins, remains
|-
|-
|скорняк<br>
|разведённый<br>
|Furrier<br>
|divorced<br>
|-
|-
|слепой<br>
|развод<br>
|blind<br>
|divorce<br>
|-
|-
|слесарь<br>
|размещенный
|locksmith, metalworker<br>
|placed, situated, located, hosted (adj.)
|-
|-
|слуга<br>
|разносчик<br>
|servant (m.)<br>
|peddler<br>
|-
|-
|служанка<br>
|разрешение<br>
|servant (f.)<br>
|permission<br>
|-
|-
|служащий<br>
|разряд<br>
|employee, perfessional<br>
|level, degree, rank<br>
|-
|-
|служба<br>
|рак<br>
|service, work<br>
|cancer<br>
|-
|-
|смерти<br>
|рак груди/рак в груде
|deaths<br>
|breast cancer
|-
|-
|смерть<br>
|рак кожи
|death<br>
|skin cancer
|-
|-
|сноха<br>
|рак легкого
|daughter-in-law<br>
|lung cancer
|-
|-
|собор<br>
|рак желудка/рак в желудке
|cathedral<br>
|stomach cancer
|-
| раскольник<br>
| dissenter, dissident, nonconformist
|-
|-
|собрание<br>
|ребёнок<br>
|assembly, meeting<br>
|child<br>
|-
|-
|совершеннолетие<br>
|ревизские сказки
|legal age, majority<br>
|revision Lists
|-
|-
|совершить<br>
|реестр<br>
|to perform<br>
|register<br>
|-
|-
|согласно<br>
|рекрутские списки
|according to, agreed<br>
|recruitment lists
|-
|-
|содержание<br>
|религиозный<br>
|content<br>
|religious<br>
|-
|-
|соединать браком<br>
|религия<br>
|to marry<br>
|religion, faith<br>
|-
|-
|солдат<br>
|ремесленник<br>
|soldier<br>
|artisan, journeyman<br>
|-
|-
|сорок<br>
|ремесло<br>
|forty<br>
|trade, occupation<br>
|-
|-
|сорковой<br>
|род<br>
|fortieth<br>
|birth, family, kin, sort, type<br>
|-
|-
|сословие<br>
|родивщихся
|estate, class, social standing<br>
|those who were born
|-
|-
|состоялось<br>
|родилась<br>
|it happened<br>
|was born (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|состояние<br>
|родились<br>
|condition<br>
|were born<br>
|-
|-
|состояться<br>
|родился<br>
|to take place, happen<br>
|was born (m.0<br>
|-
|-
|сотник<br>
|родина<br>
|commander of 100 men<br>
|native land<br>
|-
|-
|сотый<br>
|родители<br>
|one hundredth<br>
|parents<br>
|-
|-
|сочетать брак<br>
|родиться<br>
|to marry (to)<br>
|to be born<br>
|-
|-
|среда<br>
|родовой<br>
|Wedmesday<br>
|ancestral<br>
|-
|-
|средный<br>
|родом<br>
|medium (adj.)<br>
|by origin<br>
|-
|-
|ссылный<br>
|родоначальник<br>
|exile, convict<br>
|ancestor (first generation of a clan)<br>
|-
|-
|ссылка<br>
|родословная<br>
|see..., refer to...; exile, deportation<br>
|genealogy, pedigree (book)<br>
|-
|-
|старость<br>
|родословная книга<br>
|old age<br>
|ancestry book<br>
|-
|-
|старый<br>
|родословный<br>
|old<br>
|genealogical<br>
|-
|-
|стеклодув<br>
|родственник<br>
|glass blower<br>
|relative (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|сто<br>
|родственница<br>
|one hundred<br>
|(relative (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|столяр<br>
|родство<br>
|joiner<br>
|relationship, kinship<br>
|-
|-
|сторож<br>
|роды<br>
|watchman, guard<br>
|childbirth<br>
|-
|-
|стража<br>
|рождение<br>
|guard<br>
|birth<br>
|-
|-
|страна<br>
|рождения<br>
|country<br>
|births<br>
|-
|-
|стрелок<br>
|Рождество<br>
|rifleman, marksman<br>
|Christmas<br>
|-
|-
|строитель<br>
|рaзрыв сердца
|construction worker<br>
|broken heart
|-
|-
|суббота<br>
|роспись<br>
|Saturday<br>
|inventory, list<br>
|-
|-
|суд<br>
|рот<br>
|court<br>
|mouth<br>
|-
|-
|судебный<br>
|русский, русская
|judicial<br>
|Russian (male, female)
|-
|-
|судья<br>
|русый<br>
|judge<br>
|light brown<br>
|-
|-
|сумашедший<br>
|рыбяк<br>
|insance<br>
|fisherman<br>
|-
|-
|супруг<br>
|рыжий<br>
|spouse (m.)<br>
|red-haired<br>
|-
|-
|супруга<br>
|рядовой<br>
|spouse (f.)<br>
|ordinary (soldier)<br>
|-
|}
|супруги<br>
 
|married couple<br>
<br>
|-
|супружество<br>
|matrimony<br>
|-
|сутки<br>
|day (and night), 24 hours<br>
|-
|счетовод<br>
|accountant, bookkeeper<br>
|-
|сын<br>
|son<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|}


<br>
===С===
 
===Т===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
Line 2,694: Line 2,774:
|'''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|таинство<br>
|cмерти
|ordinance, rite, sacrament<br>
|death
|-
|-
|текущий
|с<br>
|current
|from, with<br>
|-
|-
|тёмный<br>
|садовник<br>
|dark<br>
|gardener<br>
|-
|-
|тесть<br>
|сам<br>
|father-in-law (wife's father)<br>
|self (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|тётя<br>
|сама<br>
|aunt<br>
|self (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|тёща<br>
|сами<br>
|mother-in-law (wife's mother)<br>
|selves<br>
|-
|-
|ткач<br>
|сапожник<br>
|weaver (m.)<br>
|cobbler, shoemaker<br>
|-
|-
|ткачиха<br>
|сват
|weaver (f.)<br>
|father of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law
|-
|-
|то есть (т. е.)<br>
|сватья
|i.e. that is<br>
|mother of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law
|-
|-
|тоже<br>
|свёкор<br>
|also<br>
|father-in-law (husband's father)<br>
|-
|-
|токарь<br>
|свекровь<br>
|lathe turner<br>
|mother-in-law (husband's mother)<br>
|-
|-
|тонуть<br>
|светлый<br>
|to drown<br>
|light (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|торговец<br>
|свидетель, свидетели
|merchant, dealer<br>
|witness, witnesses
|-
|-
|третий<br>
|свидетельство<br>
|third<br>
|certificate, evidence, testimony<br>
|-
|-
|трёхсотый<br>
|свидетельствовать/ за-<br>
|three hundredth<br>
|to witness, to certify<br>
|-
|-
|три<br>
|своебременно<br>
|three<br>
|timely<br>
|-
|-
|тридцатый<br>
|свояченица<br>
|thirtieth<br>
|sister-in-law (wife's sister)<br>
|-
|-
|тридцать<br>
|святое причастие<br>
|thirty<br>
|holy communion, the Lord's supper<br>
|-
|-
|тринадватый<br>
|святой<br>
|thirteenth<br>
|holy<br>
|-
|-
|тринадцать<br>
|священник<br>
|thirteen<br>
|priest, clergyman<br>
|-
|-
|триста<br>
|север<br>
|three hundred<br>
|north<br>
|-
|-
|трубочист<br>
|северный<br>
|chimney sweep<br>
|northern<br>
|-
|-
|туберклулёз лёгких<br>
|сегодня<br>
|consumption<br>
|today<br>
|-
|-
|тысяча<br>
|сегодняшний
|one thousand<br>
|today's, this day (adj.)
|-
|-
|тысячный<br>
|седой<br>
|one thousandth<br>
|gray-haired<br>
|-
|-
|тюрма<br>
|седмой<br>
|prison<br>
|seventh<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|село<br>
|<br>
|village (with a church)<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|семидесятый<br>
|<br>
|seventieth<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|семисотый<br>
|<br>
|seven hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|семнадцать<br>
|<br>
|seventeen<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|семь<br>
|<br>
|seven<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|семьдесят<br>
|<br>
|seventy<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|семьсот<br>
|<br>
|seven hundred<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|семья<br>
|<br>
|family<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|сентябрь<br>
|<br>
|September<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|серый<br>
|<br>
|gray<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|сестра<br>
|<br>
|sister<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===У===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|сирота<br>
|'''English'''
|orphan<br>
|-
|-
|убийство<br>
|скарлатина<br>
|murder
|scarlet fever<br>
|-
|-
|убийца<br>
|скончалась<br>
|murderer, killer
|died (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|уволенный<br>
|скончался<br>
|dismissed, discharged
|died (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|удар<br>
|скорняк<br>
|stroke
|Furrier<br>
|-
|-
|удостоверение<br>
|слепой<br>
|certificate
|blind<br>
|-
|-
|удостоверить(ся)<br>
|слесарь<br>
|to certify, to witness, to assure oneself
|locksmith, metalworker<br>
|-
|-
|удочеренная<br>
|слобода
|adopted (of a daughter)
|settlement
|-
|-
|удочерение<br>
|слуга<br>
|adoption (of a daughter)
|servant (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|удочерить<br>
|служанка<br>
|to adopt a daughter
|servant (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|уезд<br>
|служащий<br>
|district, county, uyezd
|employee, perfessional<br>
|-
|-
|указ<br>
|служба<br>
|decree
|service, work<br>
|-
|-
|умер<br>
|смерти<br>
|died (masc.)
|deaths<br>
|-
|-
|умереть<br>
|смерть<br>
|to die
|death<br>
|-
|-
|умерла<br>
|сноха<br>
|died (fem.)
|daughter-in-law<br>
|-
|-
|умерший<br>
|собор<br>
|deceased
|cathedral<br>
|-
|-
|уметь<br>
|собрание<br>
|to know how
|assembly, meeting<br>
|-
|-
|уродливый<br>
|собственник/собственница
|deformed (masc.)
|owner
|-
|-
|урохдённая<br>
|совершеннолетие<br>
|born as, née (in front of maiden name)
|legal age, majority<br>
|-
|-
|урядник<br>
|совершить<br>
|sergeant, or Don Cossacks under-officer
|to perform<br>
|-
|-
|усыновление<br>
|согласно<br>
|adoption (of a son)
|according to, agreed<br>
|-
|-
|усыновленный<br>
|содержание<br>
|adopted (of a son)
|content<br>
|-
|соединать браком<br>
|to marry<br>
|-
|-
|усыновить<br>
|сожительница
|to adopt a son
|concubine, cohabitor
|-
|-
|утопнуть<br>
|солдат<br>
|to drown
|soldier<br>
|-
|-
|утра, утром<br>
|сорок<br>
|morning (n.), in the morning (adv.)
|forty<br>
|-
|-
|утро<br>
|сороковой<br>
|morning (n.)
|fortieth<br>
|-
|-
|ученик<br>
|сословие<br>
|pupil, apprentice
|estate, class, social standing<br>
|-
|-
|учёный<br>
|состоялось<br>
|scholar (n.), learned (adj.)
|it happened<br>
|-
|-
|учитель<br>
|состояние<br>
|teacher (masc.)
|status, state, condition, situation<br>
|-
|-
|учительница<br>
|состояться<br>
|teacher (fem.)
|to take place, happen<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ф===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|сотник<br>
|'''English'''
|commander of 100 men<br>
|-
|-
|фабрикант<br>
|сотый<br>
|manufacturer<br>
|one hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|фамилия<br>
|сочетать брак<br>
|surname, family<br>
|to marry (to)<br>
|-
|-
|февраль<br>
|среда<br>
|February<br>
|Wedmesday<br>
|-
|-
|фольварк
|средный<br>
|manor farm
|medium (adj.)<br>
|-
|-
|фонд<br>
|ссылный<br>
|record group<br>
|exile, convict<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|ссылка<br>
|<br>
|see..., refer to...; exile, deportation<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|старость<br>
|<br>
|old age<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Х===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|старый<br>
|'''English'''
|old<br>
|-
|-
|хозяин<br>
|стеклодув<br>
|landowner, proprietor<br>
|glass blower<br>
|-
|-
|холод<br>
|сто<br>
|cold<br>
|one hundred<br>
|-
|-
|холостой<br>
|столяр<br>
|single, unmarrier<br>
|joiner<br>
|-
|-
|холость<br>
|сторож<br>
|single man, bachelor<br>
|watchman, guard<br>
|-
|-
|холостяк<br>
|стража<br>
|bachelor<br>
|guard<br>
|-
|-
|хромой<br>
|страна<br>
|lame, limping<br>
|country<br>
|}
|-
 
|стрелок<br>
<br>
|rifleman, marksman<br>
 
===Ц===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|строитель<br>
|'''English'''
|construction worker<br>
|-
|-
|цвет<br>
|суббота<br>
|color<br>
|Saturday<br>
|-
|-
|церковь<br>
|суд<br>
|church<br>
|court<br>
|-
|-
|цыган<br>
|судебный<br>
|Gypsy<br>
|judicial<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|судья<br>
|<br>
|judge<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|сумашедший<br>
|<br>
|insance<br>
|-
|-
|<br>
|супруг<br>
|<br>
|spouse (m.)<br>
|-
|супруга<br>
|spouse (f.)<br>
|-
|супруги<br>
|married couple<br>
|-
|супружество<br>
|matrimony<br>
|-
|сутки<br>
|day (and night), 24 hours<br>
|-
|счетовод<br>
|accountant, bookkeeper<br>
|-
|сын<br>
|son<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Ч===
===Т===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
Line 2,999: Line 3,075:
|'''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|час <br>
|таинство<br>
|hour, time<br>
|ordinance, rite, sacrament<br>
|-
|-
|часовщик<br>
|текущий
|watchmaker<br>
|current
|-
|-
|чахотка<br>
|тёмный<br>
|consumption<br>
|dark<br>
|-
|-
|четверг<br>
|тесть<br>
|Thursday<br>
|father-in-law (wife's father)<br>
|-
|-
|четвёртый<br>
|тётя<br>
|fourth<br>
|aunt<br>
|-
|-
|четыре<br>
|тёща<br>
|four<br>
|mother-in-law (wife's mother)<br>
|-
|-
|четыреста<br>
|тиф
|four hundred<br>
|typhus
|-
|-
|четырёхсотый<br>
|ткач<br>
|four hundredth<br>
|weaver (m.)<br>
|-
|-
|четырнадцать<br>
|ткачиха<br>
|fourteen<br>
|weaver (f.)<br>
|-
|-
|чин<br>
|то есть (т. е.)<br>
|rank, grade<br>
|i.e. that is<br>
|-
|-
|чиновник<br>
|тоже<br>
|official, bureaucrat<br>
|also<br>
|-
|-
|число<br>
|токарь<br>
|date, number<br>
|lathe turner<br>
|-
|-
|член<br>
|тонуть<br>
|member<br>
|to drown<br>
|-
|-
|что<br>
|торговец<br>
|what, that<br>
|merchant, dealer<br>
|-
|-
|чума<br>
|третий<br>
|plague<br>
|third<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ш===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|трёхсотый<br>
|'''English'''
|three hundredth<br>
|-
|-
|шахтёр<br>
|три<br>
|miner<br>
|three<br>
|-
|-
|швер<br>
|тридцатый<br>
|seamstress<br>
|thirtieth<br>
|-
|-
|шестидесятый<br>
|тридцать<br>
|sixtieth<br>
|thirty<br>
|-
|-
|шестисотый<br>
|тринадватый<br>
|six hundredth<br>
|thirteenth<br>
|-
|-
|шестнадцать<br>
|тринадцать<br>
|sixteenth<br>
|thirteen<br>
|-
|-
|шестой<br>
|триста<br>
|sixth<br>
|three hundred<br>
|-
|-
|шесть<br>
|трубочист<br>
|six<br>
|chimney sweep<br>
|-
|-
|шестьсот<br>
|туберклулёз лёгких<br>
|six hundred<br>
|consumption<br>
|-
|-
|шинкарь<br>
|тысяча<br>
|innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
|one thousand<br>
|-
|-
|шорник<br>
|тысячный<br>
|harness maker, saddler<br>
|one thousandth<br>
|-
|-
|шурин<br>
|тюрма<br>
|brother-in-law (wife's brother)<br>
|prison<br>
|}
|}


<br>
<br>


===Щ===
===У===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
Line 3,097: Line 3,166:
|'''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|<br>
|убийство<br>
|<br>
|murder
|-
|-
|<br>
|убийца<br>
|<br>
|murderer, killer
|-
|-
|<br>
|уволенный<br>
|<br>
|dismissed, discharged
|-
|-
|<br>
|удар<br>
|
|stroke
|-
|-
|<br>
|удостоверение<br>
|<br>
|certificate
|-
|-
|<br>
|удостоверить(ся)<br>
|<br>
|to certify, to witness, to assure oneself
|}
 
<br>
 
===Э===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|удочеренная<br>
|'''English'''
|adopted (of a daughter)
|-
|-
|эмигрант<br>
|удочерение<br>
|emigrant<br>
|adoption (of a daughter)
|-
|-
|<br>
|удочерить<br>
|<br>
|to adopt a daughter
|-
|-
|<br>
|удушья
|<br>
|difficulty breathing
|-
|-
|<br>
|уезд<br>
|<br>
|district, county, uyezd
|-
|указ<br>
|decree
|-
|украинец, украинка
|Ukrainian (male, female)
|-
|улица, ул.
|street, st. (abbreviation)
|-
|умер<br>
|died (masc.)
|-
|умереть<br>
|to die
|-
|умерла<br>
|died (fem.)
|-
|умерший<br>
|deceased
|-
|уметь<br>
|to know how
|-
|унтер-офицер
|non-commissioned officer, petty officer
|-
|уродливый<br>
|deformed (masc.)
|-
|-
|<br>
|урохдённая<br>
|<br>
|born as, née (in front of maiden name)
|-
|-
|<br>
|урядник<br>
|<br>
|sergeant, or Don Cossacks under-officer
|-
|усыновление<br>
|adoption (of a son)
|-
|усыновленный<br>
|adopted (of a son)
|-
|усыновить<br>
|to adopt a son
|-
|утопнуть<br>
|to drown
|-
|утопший/утопшая
|drowned
|-
|утра, утром<br>
|morning (n.), in the morning (adv.)
|-
|утро<br>
|morning (n.)
|-
|ученик<br>
|pupil, apprentice
|-
|учёный<br>
|scholar (n.), learned (adj.)
|-
|учитель<br>
|teacher (masc.)
|-
|учительница<br>
|teacher (fem.)
|}
|}


<br>
<br>
 
 
===Ю===
===Ф===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|фабрикант<br>
|manufacturer<br>
|-
|фамилия<br>
|surname, family<br>
|-
|февраль<br>
|February<br>
|-
|фольварк
|manor farm
|-
|фонд<br>
|record group<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Х===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|хозяин<br>
|landowner, proprietor<br>
|-
|холод<br>
|cold<br>
|-
|холостой<br>
|single, unmarrier<br>
|-
|холость<br>
|single man, bachelor<br>
|-
|холостяк<br>
|bachelor<br>
|-
|хромой<br>
|lame, limping<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ц===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|цвет<br>
|color<br>
|-
|церковь<br>
|church<br>
|-
|цыган<br>
|Gypsy<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ч===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|час <br>
|hour, time<br>
|-
|часовщик<br>
|watchmaker<br>
|-
|чахотка<br>
|consumption<br>
|-
|четверг<br>
|Thursday<br>
|-
|четвёртый<br>
|fourth<br>
|-
|четыре<br>
|four<br>
|-
|четыреста<br>
|four hundred<br>
|-
|четырёхсотый<br>
|four hundredth<br>
|-
|четырнадцать<br>
|fourteen<br>
|-
|чёрное духовенство
|clergy who have taken a monastic vow (not allowed to have a wife or children)
|-
|чин<br>
|rank, grade<br>
|-
|чиновник<br>
|official, bureaucrat<br>
|-
|чирей
|boil
|-
|число<br>
|date, number<br>
|-
|член<br>
|member<br>
|-
|что<br>
|what, that<br>
|-
|чума<br>
|plague<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ш===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|шахтёр<br>
|miner<br>
|-
|швер<br>
|seamstress<br>
|-
|шестидесятый<br>
|sixtieth<br>
|-
|шестисотый<br>
|six hundredth<br>
|-
|шестнадцать<br>
|sixteenth<br>
|-
|шестой<br>
|sixth<br>
|-
|шесть<br>
|six<br>
|-
|шестьсот<br>
|six hundred<br>
|-
|шинкарь<br>
|innkeeper, barkeeper<br>
|-
|шкарлатина
|scarlet fever
|-
|шорник<br>
|harness maker, saddler<br>
|-
|шурин<br>
|brother-in-law (wife's brother)<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Щ===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Э===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|эмигрант
|emigrant
|}
 
<br>
 
===Ю===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|юг
|south
|-
|южный
|southern
|-
|юрист
|lawyer
|}
 
<br>
 
===Я===


{| width="70%" border="1"
{| width="70%" border="1"
Line 3,153: Line 3,502:
|'''English'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|юг<br>
|Я
|south<br>
|I
|-
|южный<br>
|southern<br>
|-
|юрист<br>
|lawyer<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|}
 
<br>
 
===Я===
 
{| width="70%" border="1"
|-
| width="25%" |'''Russian'''
|'''English'''
|-
|-
|явиться<br>
|явиться; явился, явилась<br>
|to appear<br>
|to appear; appeared (m., f.)<br>
|-
|-
|январь<br>
|январь<br>
|January<br>
|January<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|-
|<br>
|<br>
|}
|}


Latest revision as of 07:53, 5 April 2024

Russian Genealogical
Word List
Map of Russian Speaking Areas.png
Downloadable Word List
Handwriting Help
Associated Countries

This list contains Russian word with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Russian-English dictionary. A version of the Russian Genealogical Word List in PDF is also available.

To best make use of the genealogical word list, please read Russia Languages,

In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. Who—Whose—whom, or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives only the basic forms of each Russian word, which usually also means the masculine. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all word vary with usage, including names of people and places. It is important to recognize when a name is written in a different form and to not misinterpret it as another name.

Alphabetical Order[edit | edit source]

Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ee Ёё Жж Зз Ии Йй Kk Лл Mм Нн Oo Пп Pp Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя

No words begin with the hard sign (Ъъ) or the soft sign (Ьь), and very few with the letters Ёё, Йй, Щщ, or Ыы.

Prior to 1918, when the current Russian spelling reforms were instituted, the alphabet included letters no longer used. These were updated and changed. These letters include:

з Changed to (in certain positions) c
i Changed to и
ъ No longer used at the end of masculine words
ѣ Changed to e
θ Changed to ф
v Changed to и

Transliteration Aid[edit | edit source]

Transliteration is a conversion of text from one script to another. For example, the Russian word бракосочетание in Cyrillic script would be transliterated to “brakosochetanie” the English Romanized script.

бракосочетание --> brakosochetanie

There are different transliteration systems for the same language, so not all transliterations will be the same. Here is an automatic online transliterator that is very helpful.

Transliterating Russian to English in One Step, online automatic transliterator by Steve Morse.

Transliteration allows us to pronounce and recognize words in scripts we are not familiar with. It can also help us turn a place name on an English document into a real Russian place name, as you can also transliterate from English to Russian.

Other Word Lists[edit | edit source]

Online Dictionaries[edit | edit source]

  • Gramota (online Russian dictionary in Russian)
  • Cambridge English-Russian Dictionary
  • Dict.com Russian-English Dictionary
  • Викисловар (Russian Wiktionary) this website is in Russian, but provides information regarding declension. Type a Russian word in the search box in the right hand corner (искать в Викисловаре) and press enter. Even if the word entered is declined (has a grammatical case ending), Wiktionary will redirect you to the original word (nominative case). A typical entry defines the word (if you are using Google Chrome, right click to translate the page to English to learn the definition of the word), as well as meanings, synonyms and often pronunciation. On the right hand side, you will find a table with the word declined in all cases. A translation of the table is included below. Using this table will allow you to easily determine which case your word is in.
Translation of Declension Table from Викисловарь
падеж (case) ед. ч. (singular) мн. ч (plural)
Им.(nominative)
Р. (genitive)
Д. (dative)
В. (accusative)
Тв. (instrumental)
Пр. (prepositional)

Variant forms of words[edit | edit source]

In Russian, the endings of most words vary according to gender, number, and usage in a sentence. Who—Whose—whom, or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. Many sources (word lists, dictionaries, etc.) give only the basic, or nominative and masculine form. As you read Russian records, be aware that almost all words vary with usage.

Gender[edit | edit source]

Russian words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. For example, брат (brother) is a masculine word, дочь (daughter) is a feminine word, and свидетельство (certificate) is a neuter word.

Words that describe persons, places or things (adjectives) will have either masculine, feminine, or neuter endings depending on what noun they are describing. For example, in Russian you would write старый брат (old brother), старая сестра (old sister), and старое свидетельство (old certificate). In dictionaries and in the “Russian Genealogical Word List” generally only the masculine form is given.

masculine feminine neuter found in word list as
старый старая старое старый (old)
глухой глухая - глухой (deaf)

Plurals[edit | edit source]

Plural forms of Russian words usually end in ы, и, а, or я. They are usually only found in the singular in dictionaries or in the word list.

singular plural translation
отец отцы father/fathers
муж мужья husband/husbands
жена жены wife/wives
книга книги book/books
место местa place/places

Noun declensions[edit | edit source]

The endings of Russian words can also vary depending on the grammatical uses of the words. Russian grammar requires specific endings (called “cases”) on nouns used in the possessive, as the object of a verb, and with a preposition, among others.

Adjectives also must match the nouns they modify in gender, quantity, and grammatical form (case). Russian nouns fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Many dictionaries have grammatical sections which show complete noun and adjective endings.

Noun Use Translation
город

города

городе

город

мер города

Я жул в городе

City

Mayor of the city

I lived in the city

сын

сына

сыну

сыном

сын

я крестил сына

я дал сыну

я ушёл с сыном

Son

I christened the son

I gave to the son

I left with the son

жена

жены

жену

жене

женой

жене

жена

дом жены

я видел жену

я дал жене

я ушёл ц женой

я думал о жене

Wife

Home of the wife

I saw the wife

I gave to the wife

I left with the wife

I thought about the wife

The changing of word endings is called “declension” and there are six different cases in Russian.

Given names[edit | edit source]

An important note is that it is essential to recognize when a name is written in a different form, and to avoid misinterpreting it as another name. For example, “the child of Ivan” would be “ребенок ивана.” That only means that “иван” is in a different case. It does NOT mean that is a feminine form of the name, that his name is different, that he has variant names, or that “ивана” is a different person than “иван.”

Verbs[edit | edit source]

Words that show action (verbs) also vary depending on who and how many are doing the action and whether the action is past, present, or future. The variation for verbs is called “conjugation.” For example, the Russian word жить (to live) will appear with various endings. Note that most but not all verbs follow this pattern:

Russian conjugation English conjugation
я живу I live
ты живёшь you live (informal)
он/она/кто живёт he/she/who lives
мы живём we live
вы живёте you live (formal)
они живут they live
она жил he lived
она жила she lived
они жили they lived

Names and Places[edit | edit source]

For words not typically found in dictionaries (place names and given/family names) try using the following resources:

Places:

List of Gubernia in the Russian Empire

Russia Gazetteers

Google

Russian Names:

Polish Names Written in Russian:

Use these resources to help you find the proper spelling of a Polish name. This handout will help you transliterate from Russian into Polish.

German Names Written in Russian:

This handout will help you transliterate from Russian into German.

Months of the Year[edit | edit source]

For months of the year in Cyrillic handwriting, see SGGEE handout, "Examples of how the months are handwritten"

Russian (nominative) Russian (Genitive) English
январь, Iенварь января January
февраль февраля February
март марта March
апрель апреля April
май мая May
июнь июня June
июль июля July
август августа August
сентябрь сентября September
октябрь октября October
ноябрь ноября November
декабрь декабря December

Cardinal Numbers[edit | edit source]

For numbers in cursive, see SGGEE Cyrillic Handouts.pdf.

Russian English
один one
два two
три three
четыре four
пять five
шесть six
семь seven
восемь eight
девять nine
десять ten
одиннадцать eleven
двенадцать twelve
тринадцать thirteen
четырнадцать fourteen
пятнадцать fifteen
шестнадцать sixteen
семнадцать seventeen
восемнадцать eighteen
девятнадцать nineteen
двадцать twenty
тридцать thirty
сорок forty
пятьдесят fifty
шестьдесят sixty
семьдесят seventy
восемьдесят eighty
девяносто ninety
сто one hundred
двести two hundred
триста three hundred
четыреста four hundred
пятьсот five hundred
шестьсот six hundred
семьсот seven hundred
восемьсот eight hundred
девятьсот nine hundred
тысяча one thousand
миллион one million

Ordinal Numbers[edit | edit source]

Russian English
первый first
второй second
третий third
четвёртый fourth
пятый fifth
шестой sixth
седьмой seventh
восьмой eighth
девятый ninth
десятый tenth
одиннадцатый eleventh
двенадцатый twelfth
тринадцатый thirteenth
четырнадцатый fourteenth
пятнадцатый fifteenth
шестнадцатый sixteenth
семнадцатый seventeenth
восемнадцатый eighteenth
девятнадцатый nineteenth
двадцатый twentieth
двадцать первый twenty first
тридцатый thirtieth
тридцать первый thirty first

General Word List[edit | edit source]

This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed.


A[edit | edit source]

Russian English
август
 August
адвокат
 lawyer
администратор
 administrator
акт
 document, record, certificate
акты гражданского состояния
 vital statistics
акушерка
 midwife
алфавитный список
 alphabetical list or index
апоплексия apoplexy
апрель
 April
арендатор
 tenant, leaseholder
армия
 army
артиллерист
 artilleryman
архив
 archive
архивист, архивариус
 archivist


Б[edit | edit source]

Russian Transliteration/English
бакалейщик
 Grocer
барышник
 horse dealer
батрак
 farm hand, hired hand
башмачник
 shoemaker
бедность
 poverty
бедный
 poor
бедняк
 pauper
беженец refugee
безземельный
 landless
белое духовенство clergy who have not taken a monastic vow (allowed to have a wife and children)
Благороднй

noble

благородство

nobility

близнец
 twin
близнецы
 twins
бобыль

poor landless peasant

богадельня
 poor house
болезнь
 illness, disease
болезнь лёгких
 lung disease, lung illness
болница
 hospital
болной
 sick
боль illness, sickness, pain
бондарь, бочар
 cooper
боярин
 boyar (m.) pre-1700 aristocrat
боярство
 the boyars
боярыня
 boyar, nobleman's wife
брак, бракосочетанние
brak, brakosochetannie
marriage
браконьер
 poacher
бракосочетание
 marriage
брат brother
брачный обыски pre-marital search of records, proving bride and groom are not related
брачный marital (adj.) conjugal
бременная pregnant
бродяга vagabond
бронхит; бронхитис bronchitis
булочник baker
бухгалтер bookkeeper
бывший former
быть to be
бюргер burgher


В[edit | edit source]

Russian English
в in, on, at
в час at one o'clock
вдова widow
вдовец widower
ведомость register, record, list
венчание wedding ceremony
веред boils
верность accuracy, correctness, truth
вероисповедание religion, faith, creed
весна spring
весной in the spring
весь all, whole, everything
ветеринар veterinarian
ветрянкя chicken pox
ветрянкя опаса chicken pox
вечер evening
вечера in the evening
вечером in the evening
взрослый adult
владелец bearer, owner, propietor
властный authoritative
внебрачный ребёнок illegitimate child
внук grandson
внучка granddaughter
водянка dropsy
водянка в голове dropsy of the head (likely Hydrocephalus)
военная служба military service
военные документы military records
военный military, soldier
возраст age
возчик coachman, carter
воинский military
война war
волость smaller, district, volost' (adm. unit)
волосы hair
восемнадцатый eighteenth
восемнадцать eighteen
восемьдесят eighty
восемьсот eight hundred
воскресенье Sunday
воспаление inflammation
воспаление кишок inflammation of the intestines
воспаление легких inflammation of the lungs
воспаление мозгова inflammation of the brain
восприемник godparent
восприемница godmother
восприемники godparents
восток east
восточный eastern
восьмидесятый eightieth
восьмисотый eight hundredth
восьмой eighth
время time
всё all, everyone, every
вся all, everyone, every
вступить в брак to get married (to enter marriage)
вступление в брак marriage (entering marriage, often used in giving the marriage date)
вступить на службу to go into the service
вторник Tuesday
второй second
вчера yesterday
вчерашний yesterday (adj)
выдать to issue
выкидыщ miscarriage
выписка extract, (record)
выслать to be send
высокий tall
выходить замуж to marry, to be married (fem)
вышесказанное the above mentioned

Г[edit | edit source]

Russian English
г. abbreviation for город (city)
гвардец guardsmen
гвардуия guards
где where
генварь general
генеалогия
 genealogy
герб coat of arms
герой hero
глаз eye
глухой blind
год year
голод hunger, starvation
гончар potter
горничная house maid, chambermaid
горнорабочий miner
горняк miner
город city
горячка fever; burning ague
госпиталь
 hospital
господни
 gentleman, Mr.
госпожа
 lady, Mrs.
государственный
 government
государственный архив
 government archive
гражданин
 citizen (male)
гражданка
 citizen (female)
гражданский, гражданство
 citizenship (adj.), citizenship (noun)
грамота
 literacy
грамотный
 literate
гренадер
 grenadier
губерния, губ.
 province, guberniya (adm. unit)
гусар
 hussar, light cavalryman


Д[edit | edit source]

Russian English
дано
 was given
дать
 to give
два
 two (masc., neut.)
двадцатый
 twentieth
двадцать
 twenty
две
 two (fem.)
двенадцатый
 twelfth
двенадцать
 twelve
двести
 two hundred
движимость
 movable property
двойни
 twins
двойня
 twin
дворянин
 nobleman
дворянка
 noblewoman
дворянский род
 noble line, noble family
дворянство
 nobility
двоюродная сестра
 female cousin
двоюродная брат
 male cousin
двухсотый
 two hundredth
дева
 maiden
деверь
 brother in law, husband's brother
девица
 maiden, unmarried woman
Девичья фамилия
 maiden name
Девочка
 little girl
девушка
 girl, maiden
девяносто
 ninety
девяностый
 ninetieth
девятисотый
 nine hundredth
девятнадцатый
 nineteenth
девятнадцать
 nineteen
девятый
 ninth
девять
 nine
девятьсот
 nine hundred
дед
 grandfather
дедушка
 grandfather
декабрь
 December
дело
 file, business, matter
день
 day
день рождения
 birthday
дер. village (abbreviation of деревня)
деревня
 village
десятый
 tenth
десять
 ten
дети, детей
 children, children (accusative/genitive)
детство
 childhood
дифтерии diphtheria
дисентерия,


дизентерия

 dysentery
дитя
 child
днём
 during the day, in the afternoon
до
 until, up to, before
договор
 agreement
документ
 document
дом
 house, home, building
домохозяйка housewife
донести
 to inform
достигать совершеннолетия
 to com of age, attain one's majority
дочь
 daughter
Доярка
 milkmaid
дровокол
 woodcutter
дровосек
 woodcutter
дряхлость
 decrepitude
дряхлость
 decrepit
дьякон, диакон deacon
дубильщик
 tanner
духовенство clergy
духовная консистория
 diocese, consistory
душевнобольной
 mentally ill
дыхавиц breathing
дядя
 uncle


Е[edit | edit source]

Russian English
Еврейские "Yevreyskie" or Jewish
Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть "Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast'" or Jewish Autonomous Oblast
его him, his
её her
евангелический
 Protestant
еврей
 Jew (m.)
еврейка
 Jew (f.)
единокровная сестра
 half sister
единокровниый брат
 half brother
епархия
 diocese
епископ
 bishop


Ё[edit | edit source]

Russian English



Ж[edit | edit source]

Russian English
жар
 Fever
железнодорожник
 railroad worker
желудочной боли stomach pain/sickness
желтуха
 jaundice
жена
 wife
женатый

married man

женитьба
 marriage (about a man)
жениться
 to marry (about a man)
женик
 bridegroom, fiance
женский
 female
женщина woman
жестянщик
 tinsmith
живущий на пособии
 welfare recipient
жилец
 resident, lodger, occupant
жилище
 dwelling
житель
 inhabitant, occupant
жительство
 residence, dwelling
жительствующий
 residing
жить
 to live, to dwell, to reside


З[edit | edit source]

Russian English
заграничный
 foreign
ЗАГС civil registration (abbreviation of записи актов гражданского состояния)
заключённый
 (prisoner), concluded
заключить
 to conclude, to perform
закон
 law
законная жена
 lawful wife
законнорождённый
 legitimately born
законность
 legitimacy
законный
 legal, legitimate, lawful
замерзшый
 frozen
замечание
 remark
замужество
 marriage (about a woman)
замужняя
 married (about a woman)
занятие
 occupation
запад
 west
запасной рядовой reserve soldier, reserve private
запасный ветеринарный фельдшер emergency veterinarian
западный
 western
записи актов гражданского состояния records of acts of civil status, civil registration records, vital records
записи передвиженния
 moving record
запись
 record(ing), registration
звание occupation, rank
здешний
 local
землевладелец
 landowner
земледелец
 peasant, farmer
земледелие
 agriculture
земля
 earth, land
земляк
 fellow-countyman
землячка
 fellow-country woman
зима
 winter
золовка
 sister-in-law, (husband's sister)
зять
 son-in-law, brother-in-law, (husband's sister)


И[edit | edit source]

Russian English
и
 and
и так далее (и т. д.)
 etc., and so forth, miscellaneous
из
 from, out of
издозчик
 coachman
изгнанник
 exiled person
или
 or
имение
 estate
именной указатель name register (like an index at the back of a book)
иметь, имеет
 to have, has
иммигрант
 immigrant
имущество
 property
имя, имена
 name, names (given name)
инженер
 engineer
инфлюэнция, инфлюэнсия influenza
исповедные ведомости
 confession lists
иудей, иуд., иудейский Jew, Jewish
их
 them, their
июль
 July
июнь
 June


Й[edit | edit source]

No Russian words begin with Й. Only some foreign words.


К[edit | edit source]

Russian English
к/ко
 to
кто who
кем, кѣмъ by whom
какимъ (by) which
какое which, what
кабатчик
 innkeeper, barkeeper
кавалерист
 cavalryman
казак
 Cossack
казаки Cossacks
казённая палата
 provincial financial office
казенный крестьянин state peasant
как видно
 as is seen
калека
 cripple
калесный мастер
 wheelwright
каменщик
 mason, bricklayer
канцлер
 chancellor
капитан
 captain
капрал
 corporal
Караимы Crimean Karaites
караул
 guard
католический
 Catholic (adj.)
кашель
 cough
квартира, кв. apartment, apt. (abbreviation)
кладбище
 cemetery
книга
 book
коклюш whooping cough
колония
 settlment, colony
командирован на службу
 ordered, commissioned to service
конвульсии convulsions
кондуктор
 conductor, guard
кончина
 demise, death
конюх
 groom, stableman
коробейник
 peddler
корь
 measles
костёл
 church (Catholic)
который
 which, that, who
кочегар
 stoker
красильщик
 dyer
крвавка blood loss from a bleeding wound
крепостной
 serf
крепостний крестьянин serf
крестить
 to christen, to baptize
крестник
 godson
крестница
 goddaughter
крёстные родители
 godparents
крестьяне
 peasants
крестьянин
 peasant (m.)
крестьянин владеющий землей
 landowning farmer
крестьянин государственный state peasant
крестьянка
 peasant (f.)
крещение
baptism, christening
круп croup
ксендз
 priest (Catholic)
кузнец
 blacksmith
купец
 merchant
купцы merchants
кухарка
 cook
кучер
 coachman


Л[edit | edit source]

Russian English
лакей
 lackey, footman
лейтенант
 lietenant
лесоруб
 lumberjack
лет
 years, years old (age)
лето
 summer
летом
 in the summer
лёгкое
 lung, light (adj.)
литейщик
 foundry worker
лихорадка
 fever
лицо
 person, individual, face
лично
 personally
лодочник
 boatman
лоцман
 harbor pilot
лудильщик
 tinsmith


М[edit | edit source]

Russian English
май
 May
майор
 major
маленький
 small, little,
малолетство underage, childhood
маляр
 painter
мама
 mama
март
 March
мастер
 master, foreman
матрос
 seaman
мать/матерь
 mother
мачеха
 stepmother
между
 between
медник
 brazier, coppersmith
мельник
 miller
мертворождённый
 stillborn
местечко small village or town; often referring to a shtetl (small Jewish village)
место
 place
месяц
 month
метрика
 birth certificate
метрическая книга metrical book (metrical record, vital record book, register of births, marriages, and deaths)
метрические книги metrical books (metrical records)
метрическое свидетельство birth certificate
меховщик furrier
мещанин member of middle class (petty bourgeois, townspeople, artisans or traders) (m.)
мещанка member of middle class (petty bourgeois, townspeople, artisans or traders) (f.)
младенец
 child, infant (m.)
младенца child, infant (f.)
младенчество infancy
могила grave
молодой
 young
моряк
 seaman
мусульманский
 Islamic
муж
 husband
мужик
 peasant
мужской
 male
мужчина
 man
мэр
 mayor
мясник
 butcher


Н[edit | edit source]

Russian English
на
 in, on, at, to
найдёныш
 foundling
наниматель
 tenant, employer
народ
 people
наследник
 heir
наследование
 inheritance
настоящий
 present (adj.) this, real, genuine
национальность nationality
начальник
 head, chief, superior
не
 no, not
нет
 no
невеста
 bride, fiancee
невестка
 dauther-in-law, sister-in-law (brother's wife)
неграмотный
 illiterate
недвижимость
 immovable property
неделя
 week
незаконнорождённый
 illegitimately born
немец
 German (m.)
нем., немецкий German (language)
немка
 German (f.)
немой
 dumb
немощный
 infirm
немощь
 infirmity
неопределенная болезнь undetermined disease
неправильный
 wrong, incorrect
несовершеннолетие
 underage, minority
несчастья убитъ killed in an unfortunate accident
нижеподписавшийця
 undersigned
нищий
 beggar
новобранец
 recruit
новобрачные
 newlyweds
новорождённый
 newborn
нос
 nose
нотариус
 notary
ночи, ночью
 at night
ночь
 night
ноябрь
 November


О[edit | edit source]

Russian English
o/об/обо about
оба
 both
область
 province, region, oblast
образование
 education
обручение
 engagement, betrothal
обряд
 rite, ceremony
обструкция, опструкция obstruction
общество
 society, company, community
объялять
 to declare, state, announce
обыватель commoner, inhabitant
обыски брачные
 pre-marital search (see брачные обыски)
оглашение
 marriage bans, announcement
оглашение имен вступающих в брак
 publication of the names of those about to marry
один
 one (masc.)
одиночка sole occupant of household
одна
 one (fem.)
одно
 one (neuter)
округ
 okrug, district, territory, area
октябрь
 October
он
 he
она
 she
оно
 it
ономедни the other day, a couple of days ago, the day before yesterday (or, these days, recently)
они
 they
опекун
 guardian
опись
 list, inventory, series
оплатить
 to pay
опструкция, обструкция obstruction
опухоль
 tumor, swelling
осень
 autumn, fall
осенью
 in the autumn, in the fall
основание
 basis, foundation
оспа
 smallpox
от
 from
отлел department, office
отец
 father
отставка
 retirement, discharge
отставной
 retired
отсуствующий
 absent
отчество
 patronymic
отчим
 stepfather
охрана
 guard
о родившихся births (literally: about those who were born)
о бракосочетавшихся marriages (literally: about those who were married)
о разведшихся divorces (literally: about those who were divorced)
об умершихъ deaths (literally: about those who died)


П[edit | edit source]

Russian English
падучя epilepsy
падчерица
 stepdaughter
палач
 butcher, executioner
папа
 papa, dad
паралижя paralysis
паралич palsy
паспорт
 passport
паспортный
 passport (adj.)
пасынок
 stepson
пачерица step daughter
паяльщик
 tinsmith, plumber
пекарь
 baker
первый
 first
перевозчик
 ferryman
переплётчик
 bookbinder
печатник
 printer
печать
 stamp, seal, press
писарь
 clerk, scribe
письмоводитель clerk
племянник
 nephew
племянница
 niece
плотник
 carpenter
повар
 cook
повинность
 obligation
после after
пограничная стража border corps
погребение
 burial
подать
 to submit
поденщик
 day laborer
подлинник
 original
подлиный

authentic

подпись
 signature
подпоручик second lieutenant
пожар
 fire
пожарный
 fireman
пожилой
 elderly
позволение
 permission
покойник
 the deceased (m.)
покойница
 the deceased (f.)
покойный
 deceased, late
пол
 gender, sex
полагать
 to suppose, to propose
полдень
 noon, midday
полк
 regiment
полковник
 colonel
полночь
 midnight
получить
 to receive
понедельник
 Monday
понос diarrhea
по полудни
 in the afternoon
по полуночи
 after midnight
порока сердца heart disease
портниха
 dressmaker
портной
 tailor
поручитель
 bondsman, guarantor
порушения collapse, fall
поселенец
 settler
поселение
 settlement
посемйные списки
 family lists
послужной список
 service record
пособие
 allowance, benefit, welfare
постоянный
 permanent
потомок
 descendant, offspring
потомок по прямой линии
 direct discendant
потомственный
 hereditary
потомственный почетный hereditary honorary citizen, or a hereditary elite social class
потомство
 posterity, descendants
похоронен
 buried (m.)
похоронена
 buried (f.)
похороны
 burial
почётные граждане honorary citizens, an elite social class, could be hereditary or personal.
почтальон
 mailman
прабабушка
 great grandmother
правнук
 great grandson
правнучка
 great grandaughter
православный, православное вероисповедание
 Orthodox Christian, Russian Orthodox
прадед
 great grandfather
прапрабабушка
 great great grandmother
прапрадед
 great great grandfather
прародитель
 progenitor
предбрачные свидетельства
 premaritial certificantes documenting that the bride and groom are not related
предок
 ancestro, forefather
представить
 to produce, to resent
предшествовать
 to precede
привилегированный privileged, favored
призвание
 vocation, calling
призывник
 conscript
призывные списки
 recruitment lists
приказчик
 shop assistnace, salesman
призрев., призреваемый a ward (child under protection of a guardian)
призивные списки conscription lists
принадлежать
 to belong to
принять
 to accept, to receive
прислуг servant (m.)
прислуга servant (f.)
присутствие
 presence
присутствующий
 to be present, in attendance
приход
 parish, ward
приходский
 parish, ward (adj.)
причат
 clergy
приют
 orphanage
продавец
 salesman
продолжение
 continuation
происходить
 to descend
происхождение
 descent, origin
произойти
 to descend from
прошение
 request (noun)
псаломщик acolyte, parish clerk
пятидесятый
 fiftieth
пятисотый
 five hundredth
пятнадцатый
 fifteenth
пятница
 Friday
пятый
 fifth
пять
 five
пятьдесят
 fivty
пятьсот
 five hundred


Р[edit | edit source]

Russian English
раб
 slave
работа
 work
работник
 laborer (m.)
работница
 laborer (f.)
рабочий
 worker
раввин
 rabbi
район
 district, raion (modern term)
развалины ruins, remains
разведённый
 divorced
развод
 divorce
размещенный placed, situated, located, hosted (adj.)
разносчик
 peddler
разрешение
 permission
разряд
 level, degree, rank
рак
 cancer
рак груди/рак в груде breast cancer
рак кожи skin cancer
рак легкого lung cancer
рак желудка/рак в желудке stomach cancer
раскольник
 dissenter, dissident, nonconformist
ребёнок
 child
ревизские сказки revision Lists
реестр
 register
рекрутские списки recruitment lists
религиозный
 religious
религия
 religion, faith
ремесленник
 artisan, journeyman
ремесло
 trade, occupation
род
 birth, family, kin, sort, type
родивщихся those who were born
родилась
 was born (f.)
родились
 were born
родился
 was born (m.0
родина
 native land
родители
 parents
родиться
 to be born
родовой
 ancestral
родом
 by origin
родоначальник
 ancestor (first generation of a clan)
родословная
 genealogy, pedigree (book)
родословная книга
 ancestry book
родословный
 genealogical
родственник
 relative (m.)
родственница
 (relative (f.)
родство
 relationship, kinship
роды
 childbirth
рождение
 birth
рождения
 births
Рождество
 Christmas
рaзрыв сердца broken heart
роспись
 inventory, list
рот
 mouth
русский, русская Russian (male, female)
русый
 light brown
рыбяк
 fisherman
рыжий
 red-haired
рядовой
 ordinary (soldier)


С[edit | edit source]

Russian English
cмерти death
с
 from, with
садовник
 gardener
сам
 self (m.)
сама
 self (f.)
сами
 selves
сапожник
 cobbler, shoemaker
сват father of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law
сватья mother of the son-in-law or daughter-in-law
свёкор
 father-in-law (husband's father)
свекровь
 mother-in-law (husband's mother)
светлый
 light (adj.)
свидетель, свидетели witness, witnesses
свидетельство
 certificate, evidence, testimony
свидетельствовать/ за-
 to witness, to certify
своебременно
 timely
свояченица
 sister-in-law (wife's sister)
святое причастие
 holy communion, the Lord's supper
святой
 holy
священник
 priest, clergyman
север
 north
северный
 northern
сегодня
 today
сегодняшний today's, this day (adj.)
седой
 gray-haired
седмой
 seventh
село
 village (with a church)
семидесятый
 seventieth
семисотый
 seven hundredth
семнадцать
 seventeen
семь
 seven
семьдесят
 seventy
семьсот
 seven hundred
семья
 family
сентябрь
 September
серый
 gray
сестра
 sister
сирота
 orphan
скарлатина
 scarlet fever
скончалась
 died (f.)
скончался
 died (m.)
скорняк
 Furrier
слепой
 blind
слесарь
 locksmith, metalworker
слобода settlement
слуга
 servant (m.)
служанка
 servant (f.)
служащий
 employee, perfessional
служба
 service, work
смерти
 deaths
смерть
 death
сноха
 daughter-in-law
собор
 cathedral
собрание
 assembly, meeting
собственник/собственница owner
совершеннолетие
 legal age, majority
совершить
 to perform
согласно
 according to, agreed
содержание
 content
соединать браком
 to marry
сожительница concubine, cohabitor
солдат
 soldier
сорок
 forty
сороковой
 fortieth
сословие
 estate, class, social standing
состоялось
 it happened
состояние
 status, state, condition, situation
состояться
 to take place, happen
сотник
 commander of 100 men
сотый
 one hundredth
сочетать брак
 to marry (to)
среда
 Wedmesday
средный
 medium (adj.)
ссылный
 exile, convict
ссылка
 see..., refer to...; exile, deportation
старость
 old age
старый
 old
стеклодув
 glass blower
сто
 one hundred
столяр
 joiner
сторож
 watchman, guard
стража
 guard
страна
 country
стрелок
 rifleman, marksman
строитель
 construction worker
суббота
 Saturday
суд
 court
судебный
 judicial
судья
 judge
сумашедший
 insance
супруг
 spouse (m.)
супруга
 spouse (f.)
супруги
 married couple
супружество
 matrimony
сутки
 day (and night), 24 hours
счетовод
 accountant, bookkeeper
сын
 son


Т[edit | edit source]

Russian English
таинство
 ordinance, rite, sacrament
текущий current
тёмный
 dark
тесть
 father-in-law (wife's father)
тётя
 aunt
тёща
 mother-in-law (wife's mother)
тиф typhus
ткач
 weaver (m.)
ткачиха
 weaver (f.)
то есть (т. е.)
 i.e. that is
тоже
 also
токарь
 lathe turner
тонуть
 to drown
торговец
 merchant, dealer
третий
 third
трёхсотый
 three hundredth
три
 three
тридцатый
 thirtieth
тридцать
 thirty
тринадватый
 thirteenth
тринадцать
 thirteen
триста
 three hundred
трубочист
 chimney sweep
туберклулёз лёгких
 consumption
тысяча
 one thousand
тысячный
 one thousandth
тюрма
 prison


У[edit | edit source]

Russian English
убийство
 murder
убийца
 murderer, killer
уволенный
 dismissed, discharged
удар
 stroke
удостоверение
 certificate
удостоверить(ся)
 to certify, to witness, to assure oneself
удочеренная
 adopted (of a daughter)
удочерение
 adoption (of a daughter)
удочерить
 to adopt a daughter
удушья difficulty breathing
уезд
 district, county, uyezd
указ
 decree
украинец, украинка Ukrainian (male, female)
улица, ул. street, st. (abbreviation)
умер
 died (masc.)
умереть
 to die
умерла
 died (fem.)
умерший
 deceased
уметь
 to know how
унтер-офицер non-commissioned officer, petty officer
уродливый
 deformed (masc.)
урохдённая
 born as, née (in front of maiden name)
урядник
 sergeant, or Don Cossacks under-officer
усыновление
 adoption (of a son)
усыновленный
 adopted (of a son)
усыновить
 to adopt a son
утопнуть
 to drown
утопший/утопшая drowned
утра, утром
 morning (n.), in the morning (adv.)
утро
 morning (n.)
ученик
 pupil, apprentice
учёный
 scholar (n.), learned (adj.)
учитель
 teacher (masc.)
учительница
 teacher (fem.)


Ф[edit | edit source]

Russian English
фабрикант
 manufacturer
фамилия
 surname, family
февраль
 February
фольварк manor farm
фонд
 record group


Х[edit | edit source]

Russian English
хозяин
 landowner, proprietor
холод
 cold
холостой
 single, unmarrier
холость
 single man, bachelor
холостяк
 bachelor
хромой
 lame, limping


Ц[edit | edit source]

Russian English
цвет
 color
церковь
 church
цыган
 Gypsy


Ч[edit | edit source]

Russian English
час
hour, time
часовщик
 watchmaker
чахотка
 consumption
четверг
 Thursday
четвёртый
 fourth
четыре
 four
четыреста
 four hundred
четырёхсотый
 four hundredth
четырнадцать
 fourteen
чёрное духовенство clergy who have taken a monastic vow (not allowed to have a wife or children)
чин
 rank, grade
чиновник
 official, bureaucrat
чирей boil
число
 date, number
член
 member
что
 what, that
чума
 plague


Ш[edit | edit source]

Russian English
шахтёр
 miner
швер
 seamstress
шестидесятый
 sixtieth
шестисотый
 six hundredth
шестнадцать
 sixteenth
шестой
 sixth
шесть
 six
шестьсот
 six hundred
шинкарь
 innkeeper, barkeeper
шкарлатина scarlet fever
шорник
 harness maker, saddler
шурин
 brother-in-law (wife's brother)


Щ[edit | edit source]

Russian English



Э[edit | edit source]

Russian English
эмигрант emigrant


Ю[edit | edit source]

Russian English
юг south
южный southern
юрист lawyer


Я[edit | edit source]

Russian English
Я I
явиться; явился, явилась
 to appear; appeared (m., f.)
январь
 January


Numbers that denote quantity or how many. Examples: one, two, three

Numbers indicating position or order of something. Examples: first, second, third.

Retrieved from "https://integration-ru.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=Russian_Genealogical_Word_List&oldid=5682766"