Chile Languages: Difference between revisions

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{{Chile-sidebar}}Most materials used in Chilean research are written in Spanish. However, many other languages are spoken in Chile because some European immigrant groups preserved their native languages and cultures after settling in Chile. You may also find some early Roman Catholic Church records written in Latin.
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Because of the many languages used in creating records, the way your ancestor’s name is recorded may vary from record to record. For help in understanding Spanish name variations specifically, see [[Chile Names, Personal]].  
==Description==
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_language '''Spanish'''] is the de facto official and administrative language of Chile.<br>
It is spoken by 99.3% of the population in the form of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_Spanish'''Chilean Spanish'''], as well as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andean_Spanish '''Andean Spanish'''] and '''Chilean Catalan'''.<br>
Spanish in Chile is also mentioned as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castilian_Spanish '''Castellano'''].<br>
The Constitution itself, as well as all official documents, are written in this language. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Chile," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Chile#External_links, accessed 15 May 2023.</ref>
 
Indigenous peoples make up 4.58% of the Chilean population according to the 2002 Census.<br>
According to "The Indigenous Law" (1993), indigenous languages are officially recognized for use and conservation, in addition to Spanish, in the zones in which they are spoken.<br>
They can be used for instruction, the promotion of media communication, as names in the Civil Registry, as well as for artistic and cultural promotion.<br>
It is not known whether all these speakers use the language as their primary language.<br>
The major languages of the population include: <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Chile," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Chile#External_links, accessed 15 May 2023.</ref>
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche_language '''Mapuche or Mapudungun'''] is spoken by an estimated 100,000–200,000 individuals<br>
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymara_language '''Aymara'''] by 20,000 individuals<br>
* '''Quechua or Runasimi''' by 8,200 individuals<br>
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapa_Nui_language#References '''Rapa Nui or Rapanui'''] by 3,390 people - also known as '''Pascuan or Pascuense'''<br>
 
==Word List(s)==
'''Spanish'''
*[[Spanish Genealogical Word List|Spanish Genealogical Word List]]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/spanish.php Useful Spanish phrases (Omniglot)]
 
'''Mapuche or Mapudungun'''
*[http://www.native-languages.org/mapuche.htm Mapuche Indian Language (NativeLanguages)]
 
'''Aymara'''
*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/aymara.htm Useful phrases in Aymara (Omniglot)]
 
'''Quechua or Runasimi'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechuan_languages#Vocabulary Quechua or Runasimi Vocabulary (Wikipedia)]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/quechua.php Useful phrases in Cuzco Quechua (Omniglot)]
 
'''Rapa Nui or Rapanui'''
*[https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/rapanui.htm Useful phrases in Rapa Nui (Omniglot)]
 
Other Genealogical Word Lists that might be helpful include:
*[[German Genealogical Word List|German Genealogical Word List]]
*[[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin Genealogical Word List]]
*[[Polish Genealogical Word List|Polish Genealogical Word List]]
*[[Portuguese Genealogical Word List|Portuguese Genealogical Word List]]
*[[French Genealogical Word List|French Genealogical Word List]]
 
Most materials used in Chilean research are written in Spanish. However, many other languages are spoken in Chile because some European immigrant groups preserved their native languages and cultures after settling in Chile. You may also find some early Roman Catholic Church records written in Latin.
 
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
'''Spanish'''
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/spanish.htm Spanish Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
*[https://forvo.com/search/Spanish/ Spanish Pronunciation Dictionary (Forvo)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_grammar Spanish grammar (Wikipedia)]
 
'''Mapuche or Mapudungun'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche_language#Phonology Mapuche or Mapudungun Phonology (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapudungun_alphabet Mapudungun alphabet (Wikipedia)]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/mapuche.htm Mapuche Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
 
'''Aymara'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymara_language#Phonology Aymara Phonology (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymara_language#Orthography Aymara Orthography (Wikipedia)]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/aymara.htm Aymara Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
 
'''Quechua or Runasimi'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechuan_languages#Phonology Quechua or Runasimi Phonology (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechua_alphabet Quechua alphabet (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechuan_languages#Grammar Quechua or Runasimi Grammar (Wikipedia)]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/quechua.htm Quechua Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]


=== Language Aids  ===
'''Rapa Nui or Rapanui'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapa_Nui_language#Phonology Rapa Nui or Rapanui Phonology (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapa_Nui_language#Orthography Rapa Nui or Rapanui Orthography (Wikipedia)]
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/rapanui.htm Rapa Nui Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]


Although you do not need to speak Spanish to do research in Chilean records, you do need some knowledge of the language to read the records.  
==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
'''Spanish'''
*[[Spanish Letter Writing Guide]]
*[[Spanish Handwriting Clarified]]
*[https://www.duolingo.com/course/es/en/Learn-Spanish Learn Spanish (duolingo)]
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/spanish_dictionary.htm Spanish dictionary (Lexilogos)]
*[https://glosbe.com/en/es English to Spanish Dictionary (Glosbe)]
*[https://script.byu.edu/spanish-handwriting/introduction The Spanish Script Tutorial (byu.ed)]


The Family History Library has genealogical word lists for Spanish (34104), German (34067), Latin (34077), Polish (34098), Portuguese (34099), and French (34060).  
'''Mapuche or Mapudungun'''
*[https://glosbe.com/en/arn English to Mapudungun Dictionary (Glosbe)]
* Zúñiga, Fernando. ''Mapudungun.'' Munich, Germany: Lincom Europa, 2000. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/46975247 WorldCat].


The following English-Spanish dictionary can also aid you in your research. You can find these and similar materials at many research libraries.  
'''Aymara'''
*[https://glosbe.com/en/ay English to Aymara Dictionary (Glosbe)]
* Coler, Matt. ''A grammar of Muylaq' Aymara : Aymara as spoken in Southern Peru.'' Leiden: Brill, 2014. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/897378769 WorldCat].


Cassell’s Spanish-English, English-Spanish Dictionary. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1978. (FHL book 463.21 C272c.)  
'''Quechua or Runasimi'''
*[https://glosbe.com/en/cqu English to Chilean Quechua Dictionary (Glosbe)]


Additional language aids, including dictionaries of various dialects and time periods, are listed in the FamilySearch Catalog in the "Locality" section under:  
'''Rapa Nui or Rapanui'''
*[https://glosbe.com/en/rap English to Rapanui Dictionary (Glosbe)]


:CHILE - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES
==Additional Resources==
* Dutton, Brian, L. P. Harvey, and Roger M. Walker. ''Cassell's concise Spanish-English, English-Spanish dictionary.'' London: Cassell, 1977. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/891984035 WorldCat].
*[https://asuntosindigenas.ministeriodesarrollosocial.gob.cl/diccionariosindigenas Dictionary of Indigenous Languages: Aymara, Quechua, Mapuche and Rapa Nui]
*[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Wich%C3%AD,_Aymara,_Kunza,_Mapudungun,_Rapa_Nui_and_Spanish_Swadesh_lists Appendix:Wichí, Aymara, Kunza, Mapudungun, Rapa Nui and Spanish Swadesh lists (Wiktionary)]
Because of the many languages used in creating records, the way your ancestor’s name is recorded may vary from record to record. For help in understanding Spanish name variations specifically, see [[Chile Names, Personal]].


Some can also be found in the "Subject" section under:
==References==


:SPANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES


:SPANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES - ENGLISH
[[es:Idiomas de Chile]]


[[Category:Chile]] [[Category:Language and Languages]]
[[Category:Chile]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]]

Latest revision as of 12:20, 20 March 2024


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Description[edit | edit source]

Spanish is the de facto official and administrative language of Chile.
It is spoken by 99.3% of the population in the form of Chilean Spanish, as well as Andean Spanish and Chilean Catalan.
Spanish in Chile is also mentioned as Castellano.
The Constitution itself, as well as all official documents, are written in this language. [1]

Indigenous peoples make up 4.58% of the Chilean population according to the 2002 Census.
According to "The Indigenous Law" (1993), indigenous languages are officially recognized for use and conservation, in addition to Spanish, in the zones in which they are spoken.
They can be used for instruction, the promotion of media communication, as names in the Civil Registry, as well as for artistic and cultural promotion.
It is not known whether all these speakers use the language as their primary language.
The major languages of the population include: [2]

Word List(s)[edit | edit source]

Spanish

Mapuche or Mapudungun

Aymara

Quechua or Runasimi

Rapa Nui or Rapanui

Other Genealogical Word Lists that might be helpful include:

Most materials used in Chilean research are written in Spanish. However, many other languages are spoken in Chile because some European immigrant groups preserved their native languages and cultures after settling in Chile. You may also find some early Roman Catholic Church records written in Latin.

Alphabet and Pronunciation[edit | edit source]

Spanish

Mapuche or Mapudungun

Aymara

Quechua or Runasimi

Rapa Nui or Rapanui

Language Aids and Dictionaries[edit | edit source]

Spanish

Mapuche or Mapudungun

Aymara

Quechua or Runasimi

Rapa Nui or Rapanui

Additional Resources[edit | edit source]

Because of the many languages used in creating records, the way your ancestor’s name is recorded may vary from record to record. For help in understanding Spanish name variations specifically, see Chile Names, Personal.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Chile," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Chile#External_links, accessed 15 May 2023.
  2. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Chile," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Chile#External_links, accessed 15 May 2023.
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