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The Caddo Tribe is primarily associated with the state of Oklahoma<ref>Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, Federal Register, Vol. 67, No. 134, 12 July 2002 [http://www.thepeoplespaths.net/lists/FederallyRecognized2002.pdf Available online]</ref>.
'''Various Spellings''': Caddo, Cadoe


== History  ==
The Caddo Tribe is primarily associated with the states of Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Oklahoma.<ref>Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, Federal Register, Vol. 67, No. 134, 12 July 2002 [http://www.thepeoplespaths.net/lists/FederallyRecognized2002.pdf Available online]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo Caddo] in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' (accessed 3 August 2105).</ref>


==== Brief Timeline ====
1984 enrollment 2.947 <ref>Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214  </ref>


==== Brief History ====
[[Image:CaddoTribe (leader of Whitebead Caddo) George Sashington (Sho-we-tat, Little Boy) born in Louisiana in1816,byAlexanderGardner,1872NO.100.jpg|thumb|right|200px]]<br>


==== Reservations ====
=== Tribal Headquarters  ===


==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands ====
'''Caddo Nation'''<br>P.O. Box 487<br>Binger, OK 73009<br>Phone: 405-656-2344<br>[https://mycaddonation.com/ Website]


== Tribal Headquarters ==
=== History ===


Caddo Nation<br>P. O. Box 487<br>Binger, OK 73009<br>Phone: 405.656.2344<br>Fax: 405.656.2892 <br>Website: www.caddonation-nsn.gov
==== Brief Timeline  ====


== Records  ==
'''1541:''' First encountered by De Soto


Agency
'''1714:''' French trading post at Caddoan village at Natchitodes
 
'''1770:''' Caddo-Spanish Treaty
 
'''1803: '''Louisiana Purchase''','''
 
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cad0432.htm 1835] July 1, at Caddo Agency, some of the tribe migrated to Texas, some joined the [[Choctaw Indians|Choctaw]]
 
'''1836:''' Texas became a republic,
 
'''1844:''' Choctaw expelled the Caddo as "Indian Intruders"
 
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/com0554.htm 1846] May 15, at Council Springs Treaty
 
'''1854:''' Many moved to Brazos Reserve, Texas
 
'''1859:''' Removal by Superintendent Robert S. Neighbors, on a reservation near the Washita River in Indian Territory - now Caddo County, Oklahoma
 
'''1861:''' Signed a treaty with the Confederate States, those loyal to the Union fled to Kansas until 1867
 
'''1865:''' Caddo were scouts for the U.S. Army
 
'''1867:''' Moved to Oklahoma
 
'''1872:''' Caddo-Wichita Reservation established
 
==== Agencies  ====
 
[[Red River Indian Agency (Louisiana)|Red River Agency]]1824-30
 
[[Caddo Indian Agency (Louisiana)|Caddo Agency]] 1824-42
 
[[Texas Indian Agency (Texas)|Texas Agency]] 1847-59
 
[[Wichita Indian Agency (Oklahoma)|Wichita Agency]] 1859-78
 
[[Kiowa Indian Agency (Oklahoma)|Kiowa Agency]] 1878-80
 
==== Reservations  ====
 
Brazos Reservation
 
Caddo-Wichita Reservation
 
[[Western Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Western Superintendency]]
 
[[Southern Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Southern Superintendency]]
 
[[Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Central Superintendency]]
 
[[Colorado Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Colorado Superintendency]]
 
==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands  ====
 
Frederick Webb Hodge, in his Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, gave a more complete [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/caddo/caddohist.htm history of the Caddo Nation], with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods. Additional details are given in David Bushnell's [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/scripts/data/database.cgi?file=Data&report=SingleArticle&ArticleID=0017348 Villages of the Algonquian, Siouan and Caddoan Tribes West of the Mississippi].
 
=== Records  ===
 
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br>
 
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]]
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]]
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]]
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]
 
==== Land Records  ====
 
Tribally owned 2,602.64 acres. Allotted land 55,599.92 acres <ref>Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214 </ref>
 
==== Agency Records  ====
 
'''Correspondence and Census'''


{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
|-
|-
! scope="col" | Tribe
! scope="col" | Tribe  
! scope="col" | Agency
! scope="col" | Agency  
! scope="col" | Location of Orginal Records
! scope="col" | Location of Original Records  
! scope="col" |  
! scope="col" |  
Pre-1880 Correspondence&nbsp; M234&nbsp;Roll Number
Pre-1880 Correspondence M234 Roll Number  


! scope="col" | FHL Film Number
! scope="col" | FS Library Film Number  
! scope="col" | Post-1885 Correspondence&nbsp; M234 Roll Number
! scope="col" | Post-1885 Census M595 Roll Number  
! scope="col" | FHL Film Number
! scope="col" | FS Library Film Number
|-
|-
| Caddo
| Caddo  
| Anadarko Area Office,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1881-1962
| Anadarko Area Office, 1881-1962  
| Fort Worth
| Fort Worth  
| -
| -  
|  
| First film: 1638620<br>
| Rolls 211-23
| Rolls 211-23  
|  
|  
First film:
573847
|-
|-
| Caddo
| Caddo  
| Red River Agency, 1824-30
| Red River Agency, 1824-30  
| Washington D.C.
| Washington D.C.  
| Roll 727
| Roll 727  
|  
| -
| -
| -
| -
|
|-
|-
| Caddo
| Caddo  
| Caddo Agency,&nbsp; 1824-42
| Caddo Agency,1824-42  
| Washington D.C.
| Washington D.C.  
| Roll 31
| Roll 31  
|  
| -
| -
| -
| -
|
|-
|-
| Caddo
| Caddo  
| Wichita Agency, 1859-78
| Wichita Agency, 1859-78  
| Washington D.C.
| Washington D.C.  
| Rolls 928-30
| Rolls 928-30  
|  
| 1638620
| Rolls 211-23
| Rolls 211-23  
|  
| 573847
|-
|-
| Caddo
| Caddo  
| Kiowa Agency, 1864-1962
| Kiowa Agency, 1864-1962  
| Washington D.C. and Fort Worth
| Washington D.C. and Fort Worth  
| Rolls 375-86
| Rolls 375-86  
| -
|  
|  
|
-  
-


|  
| - {{FSC|Films: 576900-576912}}
|}
|}


== Important Web Sites ==
==== Treaties ====
 
The link on the year (Year of the Treaty) connects to an online copy of the treaty.


*[http://www.caddonation-nsn.gov/gov/constitution.html Constitution and By-Laws] of the Caddo Indian Tribe of Oklahoma, approved in 1976.
*May, 13, 1833, referred to in Quapaw Treaty,
*[http://www.caddonation-nsn.gov/ Caddo Nation] official Web Site
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cad0432.htm 1835] July 1, at Caddo Agency
*Caddo Nation [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo WikipediA]
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/com0554.htm 1846] May 15, at Council Springs


== References ==
=== Important Websites ===


<references />
*[http://www.caddonation-nsn.gov/gov/constitution.html Constitution and By-Laws] of the Caddo Tribe of Oklahoma, approved in 1976.
*[http://www.caddonation-nsn.gov/ Caddo Nation] official Web Site
*Caddo Nation [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo Wikipedia]


==== Bibliography ====
==== For Further Reading ====


*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
See [[American Indian For Further Reading|'''For Further Reading''']].  
*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ Available online].
*Klein, Barry T., ed. ''Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian''. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/317923332?referer=list_view WorldCat 317923332]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=1122745&disp=Reference+encyclopedia+of+the+American+I%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 R259e].
*Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=no:037475188 WorldCat 37475188]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=831087&disp=The+Gale+encyclopedia+of+Native+American%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 G131g].


:Vol. 1 -- Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean
=== References  ===
:Vol. 2 -- Great Basin, Southwest, Middle America
:Vol. 3 -- Arctic, Subarctic, Great Plains, Plateau
:Vol. 4 -- California, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Islands


*Sturtevant, William C. ''Handbook of North American Indians''. 20 vols., some not yet published. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978– . <br>
*Parsons, Elsie Worthington Clews. Notes on the Caddo. Kraus Reprint Co., 1969. {{FSC|192371|item|disp=FS Library Book 970.3C114p}}
*Swanton, John Reed. Source Material on the History and Ethnology of the Caddo Indians, Washington, GPO. 1942. {{FSC|61764|item|disp= FS Library Fiche 6039060}} (five fiche)


:Volume 1 -- Not yet published
{{reflist}}
:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br>
:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>
:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4].<br>
:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5].<br>
:Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493742&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493742]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6].<br>
:Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493311&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493311]<br>
:Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13240086&referer=brief_results WorldCat 13240086]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8].<br>
:Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26140053&referer=brief_results WorldCat 26140053]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9].<br>
:Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/301504096&referer=brief_results WorldCat 301504096]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10].
:Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256516416&referer=brief_results WorldCat 256516416]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11].<br>
:Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39401371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 39401371]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12].<br>
:Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48209643&referer=brief_results WorldCat 48209643]<br>
:Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254277176&referer=brief_results WorldCat 254277176]
:Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256517503&referer=brief_results WorldCat 356517503]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=248632&disp=Handbook+of+North+American+Indians%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15].<br>
:Volume 16 -- Not yet published
:Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43957746&referer=brief_results WorldCat 43957746]<br>
:Volume 18 -- Not yet published
:Volume 19 -- Not yet published
:Volume 20 -- Not yet published


*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/indianlocation.htm Available online].
{{Native American nav}}
*Waldman, Carl. ''Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes''. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14718193?referer=list_view WorldCat 14718193]; [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=1465222&disp=Encyclopedia+of+Native+American+tribes%20%20&columns=*,0,0 FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006].


[[Category:Indian_Tribes_of_the_United_States]] [[Category:Indian_Tribes_of_North_America]]
[[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Oklahoma]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Texas]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Louisiana]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Arkansas]]

Latest revision as of 21:05, 11 April 2023

Native American Topics
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Buffalo Hunt under the Wolf-Skin Mask
Beginning Research
Tribes
Record Types
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Other Topics


Various Spellings: Caddo, Cadoe

The Caddo Tribe is primarily associated with the states of Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Oklahoma.[1] [2]

1984 enrollment 2.947 [3]

CaddoTribe (leader of Whitebead Caddo) George Sashington (Sho-we-tat, Little Boy) born in Louisiana in1816,byAlexanderGardner,1872NO.100.jpg


Tribal Headquarters

Caddo Nation
P.O. Box 487
Binger, OK 73009
Phone: 405-656-2344
Website

History

Brief Timeline

1541: First encountered by De Soto

1714: French trading post at Caddoan village at Natchitodes

1770: Caddo-Spanish Treaty

1803: Louisiana Purchase,

  • 1835 July 1, at Caddo Agency, some of the tribe migrated to Texas, some joined the Choctaw

1836: Texas became a republic,

1844: Choctaw expelled the Caddo as "Indian Intruders"

  • 1846 May 15, at Council Springs Treaty

1854: Many moved to Brazos Reserve, Texas

1859: Removal by Superintendent Robert S. Neighbors, on a reservation near the Washita River in Indian Territory - now Caddo County, Oklahoma

1861: Signed a treaty with the Confederate States, those loyal to the Union fled to Kansas until 1867

1865: Caddo were scouts for the U.S. Army

1867: Moved to Oklahoma

1872: Caddo-Wichita Reservation established

Agencies

Red River Agency1824-30

Caddo Agency 1824-42

Texas Agency 1847-59

Wichita Agency 1859-78

Kiowa Agency 1878-80

Reservations

Brazos Reservation

Caddo-Wichita Reservation

Western Superintendency

Southern Superintendency

Central Superintendency

Colorado Superintendency

Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands

Frederick Webb Hodge, in his Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, gave a more complete history of the Caddo Nation, with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods. Additional details are given in David Bushnell's Villages of the Algonquian, Siouan and Caddoan Tribes West of the Mississippi.

Records

The majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:

Land Records

Tribally owned 2,602.64 acres. Allotted land 55,599.92 acres [4]

Agency Records

Correspondence and Census

Tribe Agency Location of Original Records

Pre-1880 Correspondence M234 Roll Number

FS Library Film Number Post-1885 Census M595 Roll Number FS Library Film Number
Caddo Anadarko Area Office, 1881-1962 Fort Worth - First film: 1638620
 Rolls 211-23

First film:

573847

Caddo Red River Agency, 1824-30 Washington D.C. Roll 727 - - -
Caddo Caddo Agency,1824-42 Washington D.C. Roll 31 - - -
Caddo Wichita Agency, 1859-78 Washington D.C. Rolls 928-30 1638620 Rolls 211-23 573847
Caddo Kiowa Agency, 1864-1962 Washington D.C. and Fort Worth Rolls 375-86 -

-

- FS Library Films: 576900-576912

Treaties

The link on the year (Year of the Treaty) connects to an online copy of the treaty.

  • May, 13, 1833, referred to in Quapaw Treaty,
  • 1835 July 1, at Caddo Agency
  • 1846 May 15, at Council Springs

Important Websites

For Further Reading

See For Further Reading.

References

  • Parsons, Elsie Worthington Clews. Notes on the Caddo. Kraus Reprint Co., 1969. FS Library Book 970.3C114p
  • Swanton, John Reed. Source Material on the History and Ethnology of the Caddo Indians, Washington, GPO. 1942. FS Library Fiche 6039060 (five fiche)


  1. ↑ Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, Federal Register, Vol. 67, No. 134, 12 July 2002 Available online
  2. ↑ Caddo in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia (accessed 3 August 2105).
  3. ↑ Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214
  4. ↑ Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214
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