Massachusetts Census: Difference between revisions

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== Federal Censuses ==
{{MA-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb
| link1=[[United States Genealogy|United States]]
| link2=[[United States Census|U.S. Census]]
| link3=[[Massachusetts, United States Genealogy|Massachusetts]]
| link4=
| link5=[[Massachusetts Census|Census]]
}}


TEST Most federal census records are at the Family History Library (records for 1790, 1800, 1810, 1820, 1830, 1840, 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880, 1900, 1910, 1920 and 1930), the National Archives, and other federal and state archives. See [[United States Census]] for more detailed information about these records.
==Online Federal Censuses==
===Population Schedules===
Starting in 1790, federal population schedules were taken every 10 years in the United States. [[United States Census|'''Click here for more information''']] about federal census records. <br><br>
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts entered the Union on February 6, 1788, as the sixth state. It will appear on the 1790 Census.  


=== Population Schedules ===
======United States Federal Censuses with Online Links======
{| class="wikitable" width= "70%" style="display: inline-table;"
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1790|1790]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1800|1800]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1810|1810]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1820|1820]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1830|1830]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1840|1840]]
|-
|{{RecordSearch|1803959|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/5058/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1804228|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7590/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1803765|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7613/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1803955|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7734/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1803958|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8058/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1786457|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8057/ Ancestry.com]
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1850|1850]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1860|1860]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1870|1870]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1880|1880]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1890|1890]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1900|1900]]
|-
|{{RecordSearch|1401638|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8054/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1473181|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7667/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1438024|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7163/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1417683|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6742/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1610551|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/5445/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1325221|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7602/ Ancestry.com]
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1910|1910]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1920|1920]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1930|1930]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1940|1940]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1950|1950]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1960|1960]]
|-
|{{RecordSearch|1727033|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7884/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1488411|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6061/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1810731|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6224/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|2000219|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2442/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|4464515|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2442/ Ancestry.com]<br> [https://1950census.archives.gov/search/ NARA] 
|Release Date <br> April 1, 2032
|-
|}


'''Missing records'''<nowiki>:</nowiki>
'''Additional Census Indexes and Records'''<br>
*'''1630-1788, 1840, 1890''' [https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/509/massachusetts-miscellaneous-census-substitutes-1630-1788-1840-1890 Massachusetts: Miscellaneous Census Substitutes, 1630-1788, 1840, 1890] at American Ancestors - index($)


* 1800 Suffolk County census is mostly lost.
===Non-Population Schedules for Massachusetts===
* 1890 census was destroyed, except for a list of Civil War Union soldiers, which has a published index.
Federal non-population schedules included such things mortality schedules, agriculture schedules, slave schedules, and manufacturing schedules.  
{| class="wikitable" width= flexible style="display: inline-table;"
|-
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Year
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Type of Census
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;"| Links
|-
|1890
|Veterans
| {{RecordSearch|1877095|FamilySearch}}
[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8667/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1880
|Defective
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1634/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1880
|Mortality
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1880
|Manufacturing
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1880
|Agriculture
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1870
|Social Statistics
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/565601?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch]
[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1870
|Mortality
|{{RecordSearch|2311325|FamilySearch}}
[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1870
|Manufacturing
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1870
|Agriculture
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1860
|Social Statistics
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1860
|Mortality
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/565601?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch]
[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1860
|Manufacturing
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1860
|Agriculture
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1850
|Social Statistics
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1850
|Mortality
|{{RecordSearch|1420441|FamilySearch}}
[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1850
|Manufacturing
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1850
|Agriculture
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1840
|Pensioners
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7678/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|}


'''Statewide indexes to federal censuses'''<nowiki>:</nowiki>
===Existing and Lost Censuses===
*[[Massachusetts Censuses Existing and Lost|List of existing and lost federal censuses for Massachusetts]]


* 1790, 1800, 1810, 1820, 1830, 1840, 1850, 1860: book indexes
==Online State and Territorial Censuses==
* 1790–1850: microfiche indexes
State censuses are census records that were taken at the state-level rather than at the federal. Often, but not always, a state took their census in ten year increments 5 years from when the Federal Census was taken, such as 1885. State censuses can even serve as substitutes for missing federal censuses. For more information on state censuses, visit [https://www.census.gov/history/www/genealogy/other_resources/state_censuses.html United States Census Bureau].<br><br>
* 1870 Hampden County: book index
Territorial censuses were taken by the federal government to count the population in federal territories. The government needed to count the population in the territory to see if it could qualify for statehood. For more information on territorial censuses, visit the [[United States Census Territorial|US Territorial Census page]].<br>
* 1880 (partial), 1900, 1920 and 1930: Soundex (phonetic) indexes on microfilm
* 1910: no index for Massachusetts


'''Town indexes to federal censuses'''<nowiki>:</nowiki>
Although Massachusetts conducted a census up to 1975, the 1855 and 1865 censuses are the only two surviving schedules.<ref>[https://www.sec.state.ma.us/arc/arcgen/genidx.htm#census Researching Your Family’s History at the Massachusetts Archives]</ref><br>
{| class="wikitable" width= flexible="display: inline-table;"
|-
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Year
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Type of Census
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;"| Links
|-
|1865
|State, all household members
|at {{RecordSearch|1410399|FamilySearch}}
at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=9203 Ancestry.com] ($)<br>
at [https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/535/massachusetts-1865-state-census American Ancestors] ($)
|-
|1855
|State, all household members
|at {{RecordSearch|1459985|FamilySearch}}, index/images
at [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=4472 Ancestry.com] ($)<br>
at [https://www.americanancestors.org/search/databasesearch/533/massachusetts-1855-state-census?refreshed=true American Ancestors] ($)
|-
|}


* Can sometimes help locate names missed in statewide indexes.
==Why Use the Census?==
* Are sometimes listed in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under MASSACHUSETTS, [COUNTY], [TOWN]-CENSUS
State census records can be one of the easiest ways to locate where an ancestor's family lived and when they lived there. Information varies based on year and location, but information that may be included in a census can include:
*Name of each person in the family at the time the census was taken
*Street or Avenue, or number Rural Free Delivery
*Sex
*Age
*Color
*Nativity
*Place of birth of this person
*Place of birth of Father of this person
*Place of birth of Mother of this person
*Period of Residence
*How long a resident of this State (years and months)
*How long a resident of this enumeration district (years and months)
*Regular occupation
*Military service


If an index is not available or omits a name:


* Look for the name in the census.
=== Sources and footnotes  ===
* In large cities first find the person's address in the [[Massachusetts Directories|city directory]] for the same year as the census. Then look for that address in the census.


The following reference tools help determine which census schedule microfilm and enumeration district to search for specific addresses:
{{reflist}}


Kirkham, E. Kay. ''A Handy Guide to Record- Searching in the Larger Cities of the United States''. Logan, Utah: Everton, 1974. (FHL book 973 D27kc; fiche 6010059-60.) Includes ward maps and street indexes for Boston for 1850–1855, 1860, and 1877.
{{USCensus}}


United States. Census Office. Census Descriptions of Geographic Subdivisions and Enumeration Districts.
<br>


* 1870 (FHL film 1402859)
[[Category:Massachusetts Census Records|Census]]
* 1880 (FHL film 1402861)
* 1900 (FHL film 1303022)
* 1910 (FHL film 1374005)
* 1920 (FHL film 1842708)
 
Buckway, G. Eileen. ''U.S. 1910 Federal Census: Unindexed States: A Guide to Finding Census Enumeration Districts for Unindexed Cities, Towns, and Villages.'' Salt Lake City, Utah: Family History Library, 1992. (FHL book 973 X2bu 1910; fiche 6101340.) Lists all Massachusetts towns (or wards) with their 1910 census enumeration district numbers and FHL film numbers. Boston, Brockton, Cambridge, Fall River, Holyoke, Lawrence, Lowell, Lynn, New Bedford, Somerville, Springfield, and Worcester each have special instructions. These often include FHL book or film numbers for city directories.
 
Malmberg, Emil and Maurine. ''Street Indexes to Unindexed Cities in the U.S. 1910 Federal Census''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Family History Library, 1993. (FHL book 973 X2str 1910; fiche 6104151.) Lists Boston street addresses with their corresponding page numbers, 1910 census enumeration district numbers, and FHL film numbers.
 
Marnier, Mary Lou and Patricia Rougham Bellows. ''A Research Aid for the Massachusetts 1910 Federal Census''. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Computerized Assistance, 1988. (FHL book 974 X22m.) This book gives the wards, precincts, enumeration districts, and starting page for each town. Includes maps. Refers to the National Archives microfilm numbers, which can be matched to Family History Library microfilm numbers.
 
'''Mortality Schedules'''. Mortality schedules for 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880 list those who died in the year before the census. These are at the Massachusetts State Archives, the National Archives, and the Family History Library:
 
* 1850 (FHL film 1421015–16)
* 1860 (FHL film 1421017)
* 1870 (FHL film 1421018–19)
* 1880 (FHL film 1421020–23)
 
== State Censuses (1855, 1865) ==
 
The original censuses are at the Massachusetts State Archives. The Family History Library has copies of:
 
Massachusetts, Secretary of the Commonwealth. ''State Census, 1855–1865''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Genealogical Society of Utah, 1974. These records are arranged by county and town. They list an individual's name, age, state or country of birth, and occupation.
 
=== Web Sites ===
 
http://www.census-online.com/links/MA/
 
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/census/massachusetts.htm
 
http://www.censusfinder.com/massachusetts.htm
 
http://www.rootsweb.com/~census/states/massachusetts/
 
http://www.us-census.org/states/massachusetts/

Latest revision as of 17:22, 10 November 2023

Massachusetts Wiki Topics
Massachusetts flag.png
Beginning Research
Record Types
Massachusetts Background
Cultural Groups
Local Research Resources

Online Federal Censuses[edit | edit source]

Population Schedules[edit | edit source]

Starting in 1790, federal population schedules were taken every 10 years in the United States. Click here for more information about federal census records.

The Commonwealth of Massachusetts entered the Union on February 6, 1788, as the sixth state. It will appear on the 1790 Census.

United States Federal Censuses with Online Links[edit | edit source]
1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com 		FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
NARA 		Release Date
April 1, 2032

Additional Census Indexes and Records

Non-Population Schedules for Massachusetts[edit | edit source]

Federal non-population schedules included such things mortality schedules, agriculture schedules, slave schedules, and manufacturing schedules.

Year Type of Census Links
1890 Veterans FamilySearch

Ancestry.com ($)

1880 Defective Ancestry.com ($)
1880 Mortality Ancestry.com ($)
1880 Manufacturing Ancestry.com ($)
1880 Agriculture Ancestry.com ($)
1870 Social Statistics FamilySearch

Ancestry.com ($)

1870 Mortality FamilySearch

Ancestry.com ($)

1870 Manufacturing Ancestry.com ($)
1870 Agriculture Ancestry.com ($)
1860 Social Statistics Ancestry.com ($)
1860 Mortality FamilySearch

Ancestry.com ($)

1860 Manufacturing Ancestry.com ($)
1860 Agriculture Ancestry.com ($)
1850 Social Statistics Ancestry.com ($)
1850 Mortality FamilySearch

Ancestry.com ($)

1850 Manufacturing Ancestry.com ($)
1850 Agriculture Ancestry.com ($)
1840 Pensioners Ancestry.com ($)

Existing and Lost Censuses[edit | edit source]

Online State and Territorial Censuses[edit | edit source]

State censuses are census records that were taken at the state-level rather than at the federal. Often, but not always, a state took their census in ten year increments 5 years from when the Federal Census was taken, such as 1885. State censuses can even serve as substitutes for missing federal censuses. For more information on state censuses, visit United States Census Bureau.

Territorial censuses were taken by the federal government to count the population in federal territories. The government needed to count the population in the territory to see if it could qualify for statehood. For more information on territorial censuses, visit the US Territorial Census page.

Although Massachusetts conducted a census up to 1975, the 1855 and 1865 censuses are the only two surviving schedules.[1]

Year Type of Census Links
1865 State, all household members at FamilySearch

at Ancestry.com ($)
at American Ancestors ($)

1855 State, all household members at FamilySearch, index/images

at Ancestry.com ($)
at American Ancestors ($)

Why Use the Census?[edit | edit source]

State census records can be one of the easiest ways to locate where an ancestor's family lived and when they lived there. Information varies based on year and location, but information that may be included in a census can include:

  • Name of each person in the family at the time the census was taken
  • Street or Avenue, or number Rural Free Delivery
  • Sex
  • Age
  • Color
  • Nativity
  • Place of birth of this person
  • Place of birth of Father of this person
  • Place of birth of Mother of this person
  • Period of Residence
  • How long a resident of this State (years and months)
  • How long a resident of this enumeration district (years and months)
  • Regular occupation
  • Military service


Sources and footnotes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Researching Your Family’s History at the Massachusetts Archives
v • d• e
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