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== Genealogical Word List<br> ==
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=== Czech ===
==Introduction==


This list contains Czech words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word (or some form of it) that you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Czech-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section.) Czech is a Slavic language derived from the West Slavic language family. Czech is related to Slovak and Polish and is used in the genealogical sources throughout the Czech Republic. Czech is the language of the Czech Republic and was the official language in the Czech lands of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the former Czechoslovakia. In addition, the Czech language may be found in the records of Czech communities in the United States, Canada, and other areas settled by Czechs. Before 1918, the Czech lands were provinces of Austria, which, together with Hungary, constituted the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Records written before 1918 may be in German, Latin, or Czech. Czech records often contain German and Latin words. See the ''German Genealogical Word List''and the ''Latin Genealogical Word List.''
The '''Czech Genealogical Word List''' contains Czech words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Czech ancestors. Click [[Media:WLCzech.pdf|here]] for the PDF version of the Czech Genealogical Word List.  


== Language Characteristics ==
If the word (or some form of it) you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Czech-English dictionary. See the [[Czech Genealogical Word List#Additional_Resources|Additional Resources]] section below.


=== The Czech Alphabet ===
Czech is a Slavic language derived from the West Slavic language family. Czech is related to Slovak and Polish and is used in the genealogical sources throughout Czechia. Czech is the language of Czechia and was the official language in the Czech lands of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the former Czechoslovakia. In addition, the Czech language may be found in the records of Czech communities in the United States, Canada, and other areas settled by Czechs.


{| class="MsoNormalTable"
Before 1918, the Czech lands were provinces of Austria, which, together with Hungary, constituted the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Records written before 1918 may be in German, Latin, or Czech. Czech records often contain German and Latin words. See the [[German Word List|German Genealogical Word List]] and the [[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin Genealogical Word List]].
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">A</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">a</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">o</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>o</u>n</span></span>


|-
For Bohemian-German words, also consult [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/357707 Sudetendeutches Wörterbuch: Wörterbuch der Deutschen Mundarten in Böhmen und Mähren-Schlesien] (not all volumes are available).
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Á</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">á</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">a</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in f<u>a</u>ther</span></span>


|-
For explanations of the different peasant occupations in Czech records, consult [http://www.oxfordjctgenealogy.com/main/?page_id=1281 Peasant Levels & Occupations].
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">B</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">b</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">b</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>b</u>ack</span></span>


|-
__TOC__
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">C</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">c</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ts</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in bi<u>ts</u></span></span>


|-
==Language Characteristics==
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Č</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">č</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ch</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>ch</u>at</span></span>


|-
===Variant Forms of Words===
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">D</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">d</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">d</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>d</u>og</span></span>


|-
In Czech, the forms of most words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. ''Who, whose, whom'', or ''marry, marries, married''  are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Czech, any word may have different forms, depending on how it is used. This word list gives the standard form of each Czech word. The endings of Czech words in a document often differ from what you find in this list.
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ď</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ď</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">g</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>g</u>inger</span></span>


|-
'''''Surnames'''''
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">E</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">e</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">e</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in l<u>e</u>d</span></span>


|-
Surnames will have the added ending '''-ová''' or '''-á''' if the person referred to is female:  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">É</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">é</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ea</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in w<u>ea</u>r</span></span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ě</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ě</span></span></center>
''Surname''<br>Novák<br>Pleva<br>Novotný<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ye</span></span></center>
|  
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>ye</u>s</span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">F</span></span></center>
''+ female ending''<br>Nováková<br>Plevová<br>Novotná<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">f</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">f</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>f</u>ast</span></span>


|-
|}
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">G</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">g</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">g</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>g</u>as</span></span>


|-
'''''Gender'''''
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">H</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">h</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">h</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>h</u>elp</span></span>


|-
Czech words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe the singular and plural forms of Czech words must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings:
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">CH</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ch</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ch</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in lo<u>ch</u></span></span><span class="tiny2"><span>(aspirated)</span></span><span></span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">I</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">i</span></span></center>
''starý muž''<br>''stará žena''<br>''staré město''<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">i</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in s<u>i</u>t</span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Í</span></span></center>
old man<br>old woman<br>old city<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">í</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ee</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in b<u>ee</u></span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">J</span></span></center>
''staří muži''<br>''staré ženy''<br>''stará města''<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">j</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">y</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>y</u>outh</span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">K</span></span></center>
old men<br>old women<br>old cities<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">k</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">k</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>k</u>iss</span></span>


|-
|}
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">L</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">l</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">l</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>l</u>and</span></span>


|-
This word list gives only the singular masculine form of adjectives. Thus, ''starý, stará, staré,'' and ''staří'' (all forms of “old”) are listed here as ''starý.'' <br>  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">M</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">m</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">m</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in <u>m</u>an</span></span>


|-
The endings of past tense verbs also change, depending on the gender and number of the subject:  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">N</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">n</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">n</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>n</u>ew</span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ň</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ň</span></span></center>
''narodil se''<br>''narodila se''<br>''narodilo se''<br>''narodili(y) se''<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ny</span></span></center>
|  
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in ca<u>ny</u>on</span></span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">O</span></span></center>
he was born<br>she was born<br>it (the child) was born<br>they were born<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">o</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">o</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>h<u>o</u>me</span>


|-
|}
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ó</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ó</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">oa</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>b<u>oa</u>t</span>


|-
This word list gives only the ''narodil se'' (“he was born”) form of the past tense verb. You can conclude that ''narodila se'' means “she was born,” etc.
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">P</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">p</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">p</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>p</u>eak</span>


|-
'''''Plurals'''''
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">R</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">r</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">r</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>r</u>an <span class="tiny2">(often rolled)</span></span>


|-
Plural forms of Czech words usually change the singular word:  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ř</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ř</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">rsh</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound like</span></span><span>'s'<span class="tiny2">in ma<u>rsh</u></span></span>


|-
Words ending in '''-a''' change to '''-y''':<br>''žena'' woman / wife  ''ženy'' women / wives
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">S</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">s</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">s</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>s</u>un</span>


|-
Words ending in '''-o''' change to '''-a''':<br>''město'' city  ''města'' cities
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Š</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">š</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">sh</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>sh</u>oe</span>


|-
Words ending in '''-e''' and '''-í''' do not change:<br>''ulice'' street  ''ulice'' streets
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">T</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">t</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">t</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>t</u>op</span>


|-
Words ending in a consonant add '''-y'''. A few words add '''-i''', '''-ové''', or '''-e''' to form the plural:
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ť</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ť</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ty</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound like</span></span><span>'t'<span class="tiny2">in</span> <u>t</u>une</span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">U</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">u</span></span></center>
''list''<br>''muž''<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">u</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>p<u>u</u>t</span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ú</span></span></center>
page<br>man<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ú</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">oo</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>p<u>oo</u>l</span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ů</span></span></center>
''listy''<br>''muži''<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ů</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">oo</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>p<u>oo</u>l</span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">V</span></span></center>
pages<br>men<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">v</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">v</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>v</u>an</span>


|-
|}
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Y</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">y</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">i</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>b<u>i</u>t</span>


|-
The plural form may change the basic word:  
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ý</span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ý</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ee</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span>b<u>ee</u></span>


{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|-
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Z</span></span></center>
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">z</span></span></center>
''dítě''<br>''bratr''<br>''zámek''<br>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">z</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound in</span></span><span><u>z</u>oo</span>


|-
|
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">Ž</span></span></center>
child<br>brother<br>palace<br>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">ž</span></span></center>
| <center><span class="tiny2"><span><nowiki>:</nowiki></span></span><span></span></center>
| <center><span><span class="visualHighlight">zh</span></span></center>
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>sound like</span></span><span>'s'<span class="tiny2">in m</span>ea<u>s</u>ure</span>


|-
|
| colspan="4" |
''děti''<br>''bratři''<br>''zámky''<br>
<span><span class="visualHighlight"><span></span>Qq, Ww, Xx</span></span>


|  
|
<span class="tiny2"><span>are used in foreign words only</span></span><span></span>
children<br>brothers<br>palaces<br>


|}
|}


NOTE: the letter combination “CH" is treated as a single character and is alphabetized after the letter “H”<span class="visualHighlight"></span>
'''''Grammatical Use'''''


=== Variant Forms of Words ===
The endings of Czech words can also vary, depending on the grammatical use of the words. Czech grammar requires a different ending for a word used as a subject, a possessive, an object, or with a preposition. Czech words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Certain possessive endings give the meaning “of” to a word.


In Czech, the forms of most words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. ''Who, whose, whom'', or ''marry, marries, married''&nbsp; are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Czech, any word may have different forms, depending on how it is used. This word list gives the standard form of each Czech word. The endings of Czech words in a document often differ from what you find in this list.
*Nouns change the endings to show possession.


'''''Surnames.''''' Surnames will have the added ending ''-ová'' or ''-á''&nbsp; if the person referred to is female:
Nouns ending with a consonant add '''-a''' or '''-e''':  


'''''Gender.'''''&nbsp; Czech words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe the singular and plural forms of Czech words must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings:
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|
''bratr''<br>''muž''<br>


This word list gives only the singular masculine form of adjectives. Thus, ''starý, stará, staré,''and ''staří''(all forms of “old”) are listed here as ''starý.'' <br>
|
brother<br>man<br>


The endings of past tense verbs also change, depending on the gender of the subject.&nbsp;This word list gives only the ''narodil se'' (“he was born”) form of the past tense verb. You can conclude that ''narodila se'' means “she was born,” etc.
|
''bratra''<br>''muže''<br>


'''''Plurals.&nbsp;'''''Plural forms of Czech words usually change the singular word:
|
of brother<br>of man<br>


Words ending in ''-a&nbsp;''change to ''-y:''
|}


* ''žena'' wife&nbsp;&nbsp; ''ženy'''&nbsp;'''''wives
Nouns ending with '''-a''' add '''-y''':<br>''sestra'' sister  ''sestry'' of sister


Words ending in ''-o''&nbsp; change to ''-a:''
Nouns ending with '''-o''' add '''-a''':<br>''město'' city  ''města'' of city


* ''město'' city &nbsp;&nbsp; ''města'' cities
Plural masculine nouns change to '''''':<br>''muži'' husbands  ''mužů'' of husbands


Words ending in ''-e'' and '''' do not change:
Plural feminine or neuter nouns drop the last vowel:<br>''ženy'' wife  ''žen'' of wives


* ''ulice'' street&nbsp; ''ulice'' streets
*Adjectives change the endings to show possession.


Words ending in a consonant add ''-y.''&nbsp; A few words add ''-i, -ové,''or ''-e'' to form the plural:
Adjectives ending in '''-ý''' change to '''-ého''':<br>''narozený'' born  ''narozeného'' of the born


* ''list'' page &nbsp; ''listy''&nbsp; pages
Adjectives ending in '''''' change to '''''':<br>''křtěná'' baptized  ''křtěné'' of the baptized
* ''mu''ž husband &nbsp;&nbsp; ''muži&nbsp;''husbands


The plural form may change the basic word:
Adjectives ending in '''-é''' change to '''-ého''':<br>''neznámé'' unknown  ''neznámého'' of the unknown


* ''dít''ě child&nbsp;&nbsp; ''děti'' children
Adjectives ending in '''''' change to '''-ího''':<br>''první'' first  ''prvního'' of the first
* ''bratr'' brother&nbsp;&nbsp; ''brat''ř''i'' brothers
* ''zámek'' palace &nbsp; ''zámky''&nbsp; palaces


'''''Grammatical Use.''''' The endings of Czech words can also vary, depending on the grammatical use of the words. Czech grammar requires a different ending for a word used as a subject, a possessive, an object, or with a preposition. Czech words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Certain possessive endings give the meaning “of” to a word. Nouns change the endings to show possession. Nouns ending with a consonant add ''-a''&nbsp; or -''e'':<br>
Plural adjectives ending in '''''' or '''-í''' add '''-ch''':  


* ''bratr'' brother&nbsp; ''bratra'' of brother
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
|-
|
''zemřelý''<br>''erbovní''<br>


* ''mu''ž husband&nbsp; ''muže''&nbsp; of husband
|
deceased<br>heraldic<br>


Nouns ending with ''-a'' add ''-y:''
|
''zemřelých''<br>''erbovních''<br>


* ''sestra'' sister &nbsp; ''sestry'' of sister
|
of the deceased<br>of the heraldic<br>


Nouns ending with ''-o'' add ''-a:''
|}


* ''město&nbsp;''city &nbsp; ''města&nbsp;''of city
These examples show some endings in context:


Plural masculine nouns change to ''-''ů''<nowiki>:</nowiki>''
''Syn zemřelého Josefa Nováka a Anny Plevové'' means “son of the deceased Josef Novák and of Anna Plevová (Pleva).”


* ''muži''&nbsp; husbands&nbsp;&nbsp; ''mu''žů of husbands
''Manželství mezi Karlem Václavem Havlem a Barborou Marií Kozárovou'' means “marriage between Karel Václav Havel and Barbora Marie Kozárová (Kozár).”           


Plural feminine or neuter nouns drop the last vowel:
For charts of Czech patterns of declension see this [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_declension article on Wikipedia].         


* ''ženy'' wife&nbsp;&nbsp; ''žen''&nbsp; of wives
In genealogical sources surnames may also be spelled in the language of the the text. In German text, Czech surnames may be spelled according to German phonetics. So ''Černý'' may be spelled ''Tscherny''. Or, German names can be spelled in Czech phonetics, so ''Schmidt'' may be spelled ''Šmid''. Surnames can also be translated into the language of the text. Smith, for example could be translated as ''Schmidt'' (German), ''Kovař'' (Czech), ''Kovács'' (Hungarian), or ''Faber'' (Latin).   


Adjectives change the endings to show possession. Adjectives ending in '''' change to ''-ého:''
'''''Prepositions'''''  


* ''narozený'' born &nbsp; ''narozeného'' of the born
Prepositions also change the grammatical case of the word(s) following them. Some of the most common prepositions you may encounter in genealogical records are:


Adjectives ending in '''' change to ''-é:''
'''z or ze''' means from > followed by genitive case


* ''křt''ě''ná'' baptized&nbsp;&nbsp; ''křt''ě''né'' of the baptized
'''u''' means nearby (often used in place names) > followed by genitive case


Adjectives ending in '''' change to ''-ého:''
'''s or se''' means with > followed by instrumental case


* ''neznámé'' unknown ''neznámého'' of the unknown
'''v or ve''' means in > followed by locative case


Adjectives ending in '''' change to ''-ího:''
'''po''' means after, but also used in the sense of widow of > followed by locative case


* ''první'' first &nbsp; ''prvního'' of the first
'''mezi''' means between > followed by instrumental case


Plural adjectives ending in '''' or ''-í'' add -''ch:''
'''nad''' means above (often used in place names) > followed by instrumental case


* ''zemřelý'' deceased &nbsp; ''zemřelých&nbsp;''of the deceased
'''pod''' means below > followed by instrumental case


* ''erbovní''&nbsp; heraldic &nbsp; ''erbovních'' of the heraldic
'''před''' means before > followed by instrumental case


These examples show some endings in context:


* ''Syn zemřelého Josefa Nováka a Anny Plevové'' means “son of the deceased Josef Novák and of Anna Plevová (Pleva).”
* ''Manželství mezi Karlem Václavem Havlem a Barborou Marií Kozárovou'' means “marriage between Karel Václav Havel and Barbora Marie Kozárová (Kozár).”


'''Alphabetical Order'''
===Alphabetical Order===


Written Czech uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet: á, č, ď, é, ě, í, ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ,ú, ů, ý, ž. The letter combination ''ch'' is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after ''h''. Letters ''q, w,'' and ''x'' are used only in words of foreign origin. Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:
Written Czech uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet: á, č, ď, é, ě, í, ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ,ú, ů, ý, ž. The letter combination ''ch'' is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after ''h''. Letters ''q, w,'' and ''x'' are used only in words of foreign origin. Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:  


a,á b c č d ď e,é,ě f g h ch i,í j k l m n ň o,ó p (q) r ř s š t ť u,ú,ů v (w) ( x) y,ý z ž
a,á b c,č d,ď e,é,ě f g h ch i,í j k l m n,ň o,ó p (q) r,ř s,š t,ť u,ú,ů v (w) (x) y,ý z,ž


This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. However, when you work with alphabetized Czech records, use the Czech alphabetical order.
This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. However, when you work with alphabetized Czech records, use the Czech alphabetical order.  


'''Spelling'''
===Spelling===


Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. In Czech, the following spelling variations are common:
Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. In Czech, the following spelling variations are common:  


* ''i'', ''y,''and ''j'' used interchangeably
'''i, y''' and '''j''' used interchangeably<br>'''s''' and '''z''' used interchangeably<br>'''w''' used for '''v'''<br>'''rz''' used for '''ř'''<br>'''sz''' used for '''š'''<br>'''cz''' used for '''č'''<br>
* ''s'' and ''z'' used interchangeably
* ''w'' used for ''v''
* ''rz'' used for&nbsp;''ř''<br>
* ''sz'' used for ''š''
* ''cz'' used for č


Czech is a phonetic language, which means words are pronounced as they are written. <!--{12037064556040} -->
In Czech words are pronounced as they are written.
<!--{12037064556041} -->


=== '''Additional Resources''' ===


This word list includes the words <u>most commonly found in genealogical sources.</u> For further help, use a Czech-English dictionary. Several are available at the Family History Library in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 491.86321. The following dictionary is helpful when you do genealogical research and is available through most bookstores which carry Czech books:


* Poldauf, Ivan. ''Anglicko-český a Česko-anglický slovník(English-Czech and Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: Státní Pedagogické''
==Additional Resources==


Nakladatalství, 1971. (FHL book 491.86321 P757a)
*[[Czechia Reading Aids]] Translated examples of birth, marriage, and death records, both civil registration and church records, in both German and Czech.


The following dictionary is also available on microfilm and microfiche for use in Family History Centers:
<br>


* Cheshire, Harold T. ''Česko-anglický slovník''(Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: J. Otto, 1935. (FHL book 491.86321 C424c; film
This word list includes the words ''most commonly found in genealogical sources''. For further help, use a Czech-English dictionary. Several are available at the FamilySearch Library in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 491.86321. The following dictionary is helpful when you do genealogical research and is available through most bookstores which carry Czech books:


1181683 item 1-2; fiche 6001286-6001287).
*Fronek, Josef. ''Anglicko-český, česko-anglický slovník.'' (English-Czech, Czech-English dictionary). Praha: Leda, 2003, c1998. (FS Library book 491.86321)


Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under CZECH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under CZECH REPUBLIC—LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES. These include other dictionaries and language helps, such as Czech grammar books. <!--{12037063531160} -->
The following dictionary is also available on microfilm and microfiche for use in FamilySearch Centers:
<!--{12037063531161} -->


=== '''Key Words''' ===
*Cheshire, Harold T. ''Česko-anglický slovník.'' (Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: J. Otto, 1935. (FS Library book 491.86321 C424c; film 1181683 item 1-2; fiche 6001286-6001287).


In order to find and use specific types of Czech records, you will need to know some key words in Czech. This section gives key genealogical terms in English with Czech translations. For example, in the first column you will find the English word ''marriage''. In the second column you will find Czech words with meanings such as ''marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined'', and other words used in Czech records to indicate marriage.
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the FamilySearch Catalog under CZECH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under CZECH REPUBLIC—LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES. These include other dictionaries and language helps, such as Czech grammar books.  


'''English&nbsp;&nbsp; - &nbsp; Czech'''
You could also use an online translator such as [http://translate.google.com/# Google translate].


baptism, baptisms&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; křest, křty, křestní, křtít, křtil, pokřtil <br>birth, births&nbsp; -&nbsp; narození, narozený, rodný, narodil se <br>burial, burials&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; pohřeb, pohřby <br>Catholic&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; římsko-katolický <br>census&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; sčítání lidu <br>child&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; dítě, děcko, děťátko <br>christenings (see baptism)<br>civil registry&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; státní matriky <br>death, deaths&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; úmrtí, smrt, úmrtní, umřel, zemřít, zemřel, zesnul, skonal <br>father&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; otec, otcové, otce, táta, taťka, tatík, tatínek <br>husband&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; manžel, choť, muž <br>index&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; seznam, rejstřík, index <br>Jewish&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; židovský <br>marriage, marriages&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; sňatek, sňatky, manželství, svatba, oddavky, oddací, oddaný, oddat, oženil se (man), vdala se (woman) <br>military&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; vojsko, vojenský <br>month&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; měsíc <br>mother&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka <br>name, given&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; (křestní) jméno <br>name, surname&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; příjmení, rodné jméno, vlastní jméno <br>parent, parents&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; rodič, rodiče <br>parish&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; farnost, fara <br>Protestant&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; protestantský, evangelický <br>wife&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; manželka, choť, žena <br>year&nbsp;&nbsp; -&nbsp; rok <br>
==Key Words==


=== '''General Word List''' ===
In order to find and use specific types of Czech records, you will need to know some key words in Czech. This section gives key genealogical terms in English with Czech translations. For example, in the first column you will find the English word ''marriage''. In the second column you will find Czech words with meanings such as ''marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined'', and other words used in Czech records to indicate marriage.


This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. In this list, optional versions of Czech words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Some Czech phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Czech word, not the first word, of the phrase. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="50%"
|-
! width="25%" |'''English'''
!'''Czech'''
|-
|baptism, baptisms
|křest, křty, křestní, křtít, křtil, pokřtil
|-
|birth, births
|narození, narozený, rodný, narodil se
|-
|burial, burials
|pohřeb, pohřby
|-
|Catholic
|římsko-katolický
|-
|census
|sčítání lidu
|-
|child
|dítě, děcko, děťátko
|-
|christenings
|(see baptism)
|-
|civil registry
|státní matriky
|-
|day
|den
|-
|death, deaths
|úmrtí, smrt, úmrtní, umřel, zemřít, zemřel, zesnul, skonal
|-
|father
|otec, otcové, otce, táta, taťka, tatík, tatínek
|-
|husband
|manžel, choť, muž
|-
|index
|seznam, rejstřík, index
|-
|Jewish
|židovský
|-
|marriage, marriages
|sňatek, sňatky, manželství, svatba, oddavky, oddací, oddaný, oddat, oženil se (man), vdala se (woman)
|-
|military
|vojsko, vojenský
|-
|month
|měsíc
|-
|mother
|matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka
|-
|name, given
|(křestní) jméno
|-
|name, surname
|příjmení, rodné jméno, vlastní jméno
|-
|parent, parents
|rodič, rodiče
|-
|parish
|farnost, fara
|-
|Protestant
|protestantský, evangelický
|-
|week
|týden
|-
|wife
|manželka, choť, žena
|-
|year
|rok
|}


'''Czech English'''
==Numbers==


'''A''' <br>a - and <br>aby - so that <br>adoptovaný - adopted <br>adresář - directory <br>ale - but <br>ani - not even <br>archív - archive <br>asi - perhaps, about, maybe, circa <br>atd. - and so forth <br>'''B'''<br>bába (babina, babička) - grandmother <br>badatel - researcher <br>bakalář - student <br>baráčník - cottager <br>barvíř - dyer<br>běhavka - diarrhea <br>běloruský - Belorussian <br>berní - ruly tax lists <br>bez - without <br>bezdětný - childless <br>bezejmenný - unnamed, nameless <br>bílý - white <br>biřmování - confirmations <br>biskup - bishop <br>blízký - near <br>blížně, blížěňata - twin, twins <br>bolest - pain <br>Boží - the Lord’s <br>bratr, bratři - brother, brothers <br>bratranec - cousin (male) <br>březen - March <br>bude - he will, she will, it will <br>budou - they will <br>Bůh - the Lord <br>bydlící - residing <br>bydliště - residence <br>byl, byla, bylo - was <br>byli, byly - were <br>být - to be <br>bývalý - former, the late (deceased) <br>'''C,Č <br>'''č. (číslo) - number <br>čas - time <br>časopis - magazine, periodical <br>část - part, portion <br>často - often <br>cech - guild <br>celý - entire <br>census - census <br>černý - black <br>červen - June <br>červenec - July <br>červený - red <br>Český - Czech, Bohemian <br>cesta - road <br>cestovní pas - passport <br>chalupník - cottager, poor peasant <br>chce - he wants <br>chlap - peasant, country fellow <br>chlapec - boy <br>choroba - disease <br>choť - spouse <br>cihlář - brick maker <br>cikán - gypsy <br>církev - church <br>císařský - imperial <br>císařství - empire <br>cizí - foreign, strange <br>cizozemský - foreign <br>člen - member <br>co - what <br>čtrnáct(ý) - fourteen (fourteenth) <br>čtvrtek - Thursday <br>čtvrtláník - farmer (quarter-land holder) <br>čtvrtý - fourth <br>čtyři - four <br>čtyřicátý - fortieth <br>čtyřicet - forty <br>čtyři sta - four hundred <br>čtyřstý - four hundredth <br>cukrovka - diabetes <br>'''D,Ď <br>'''daně - taxation <br>dar - donation <br>datum - date <br>dcera, dcery - daughter, daughters <br>děcko - child <br>děd (děda, dědek, dědeček) - grandfather, old man <br>dědic - heir <br>dědictví - heritage, inheritance <br>dějiny - history <br>děkanát - deanery, division of a diocese <br>dělník - laborer, worker <br>den - day <br>desátek - tithing, a tenth <br>desátý - tenth <br>deset - ten <br>děťátko - little child <br>děti - children <br>devadesát(ý) - ninety (ninetieth) <br>devatenáct(ý) - nineteen (nineteenth) <br>devátý - ninth <br>děvče (děvčina) - girl <br>devět - nine <br>devět set - nine hundred <br>devítistý - nine hundredth <br>díl - portion, share, volume <br>diecéze - diocese <br>dítě - child <br>dítěte - of the child <br>dívka (dívčina) - girl <br>dle - according to <br>dlouhý - long <br>dne - on the day <br>dnes - today <br>dnešní - today's <br>do - to, into <br>doba - time, period <br>dobrý - good <br>dodatek - supplement, addition <br>doklad - document <br>dolní - lower <br>doma - at home <br>domkář - cottager <br>domovský list - residency certificate <br>dopis - letter, correspondence <br>dříve - previously <br>dřívější - former <br>druhého - on the second <br>druhopis - duplicate <br>druhý - second <br>duben - April <br>důchodce - pensioner <br>důkaz - proof <br>dům - house <br>duplikát - duplicate <br>dva - two <br>dvacátý - twentieth <br>dvacátý čtvrtý - twenty-fourth <br>dvacátý devátý - twenty-ninth <br>dvacátý druhý - twenty-second <br>dvacátý osmý - twenty-eighth <br>dvacátý pátý - twenty-fifth <br>dvacátý první - twenty-first <br>dvacátý sedmý - twenty-seventh <br>dvacátý šestý - twenty-sixth <br>dvacátý třetí - twenty-third <br>dvacet - twenty <br>dvacet čtyři - twenty-four <br>dvacet devět - twenty-nine <br>dvacet dva - twenty-two <br>dvacet jeden - twenty-one <br>dvacet osm - twenty-eight <br>dvacet pět - twenty-five <br>dvacet sedm - twenty-seven <br>dvacet šest - twenty-six <br>dvacet tři - twenty-three <br>dvanáct(ý) - twelve (twelfth) <br>dvě - two <br>dvě stě - two hundred <br>dvojče, dvojčata - twin, twins <br>dvoustý - two hundredth <br>dvůr - court <br>'''E'''<br>emigrace - emigration <br>erb - coat of arms <br>erbovní - heraldic <br>erbovnictví - heraldry <br>evangelický - Evangelical, Lutheran, Protestant <br>'''F <br>'''fara - parish <br>farář - pastor, parish priest <br>farní úřad - parish office <br>farnost - parish <br>'''G <br>'''genealogický strom - family tree <br>genealogie - genealogy <br>grunt - family property <br>gruntovní knihy - land records <br>gruntovník - farmer, land holder <br>gubernie - Russian province <br>'''H'''<br>havíř - coal miner <br>heraldika - heraldry <br>historie - history <br>hlavní - main <br>ho - him <br>hodina - hour <br>hodný - worthy <br>holič - barber <br>hora - mountain, hill <br>horečka - fever <br>horní - upper <br>horník - miner <br>hospodář - farmer (self sustaining) <br>hospodářství - farm <br>hostinský - innkeeper <br>hrad - castle <br>hranice - border, boundary <br>hřbitov - cemetery <br>hrob - grave <br>hrnčíř - potter <br>'''I'''<br>i - and <br>imigrace - immigration <br>informace - information <br>'''J <br>'''jak - how, as <br>jako - as, like <br>jaký - what kind of <br>jazyk - language <br>je - he is, she is, it is <br>jeden, -na, -no - a, an, one <br>jedenáct(ý) - eleven (eleventh) <br>jedináček - the only child <br>jeho - his, its <br>její - her <br>jejich - their <br>jen - only, just <br>ještě - still, yet <br>ještě ne - not yet <br>jezero - lake <br>jih - south <br>jinak též - alias <br>jindy - at another time <br>jiný - other, different <br>jitro - morning <br>již - already <br>jméno - given name <br>jmenovitě - that means, namely <br>jsou - they are <br>'''K'''<br>k - to, for <br>kalendář - calendar <br>kam - to where <br>kameník - mason <br>kaple - chapel <br>kašel - cough <br>katolický - Catholic <br>kazatel - preacher <br>každý - each, every <br>kde - where <br>kdo - who <br>kdy (když) - when <br>kilometr - kilometer <br>klášter - convent, monastery <br>klempíř - tinsmith <br>kmotr - godfather <br>kmotra - godmother <br>kmotři - godparents <br>kněz - priest <br>kniha, knihy - book, books <br>knihovna - library <br>koho whom <br>kojenec - suckling <br>kolem - about, approximately <br>kominík - chimney sweep <br>konec - end <br>konečný - final, last <br>konto - account <br>konverze - conversion <br>kostel - church <br>koupil - he bought - <br>kovář - smith<br>koželuh - tanner <br>kraj - region, area <br>král - king <br>královna - queen <br>královský - royal <br>království - kingdom <br>-krát - times <br>křeče - cramps, convulsions <br>krejčí - tailor (male) <br>křest - christening, baptism <br>křestní jméno - given name <br>křestní list - christening (baptismal) certificate <br>krevní - blood relation <br>kronika, kroniky chronicle, chronicles <br>křtřnec - the one christened, baptized <br>křtěný - christened, baptized <br>křtil - have christened, baptized <br>křtu - of the christening <br>křty - christenings, baptisms <br>krvácení - bleeding, hemorrhage <br>který - who, which <br>kupec - shopkeeper, merchant <br>kumšt - trade, occupation <br>květen - May <br>'''L'''<br>lán - a measure of land <br>laník - landholder <br>latinský - Latin <br>lázně - spa, spring, bath <br>leden - January <br>lékař - physician <br>les - forest, woods <br>lesník - forester <br>léta (let) - years <br>letopočet - date <br>letos - this year <br>levoboček - illegitimate child <br>levý - left <br>lidé (lid) - people <br>list - certificate, page <br>listina - legal document <br>listopad - November <br>loď - ship, boat <br>loni - last year <br>lože - status of legitimacy, bed <br>lože manželské - legitimate <br>lože nemanželské - illegitimate <br>'''M <br>'''má - he has, she has, it has <br>macecha - stepmother <br>maďarský - Hungarian <br>majetek property <br>majetný - wealthy, property owning <br>mají - they have <br>malíř - painter <br>malý - small, little <br>máma (matka, mamka, maminka) - mother <br>manžel - husband <br>manželé - married couple <br>manželka - wife <br>manželský - legitimate <br>manželství - marriage <br>mapa - map <br>matrika, matriky - vital records, church records, parish registers <br>matrika narozených - birth register <br>matrika oddaných - marriage register <br>matrika zemřelých - death register <br>měl, -a, -o - he had, she had, it had <br>menší - lesser, smaller, shorter <br>měsíc - month <br>měščan - burgher, citizen <br>město - town, city <br>mezi - between <br>místní - local <br>místo - place, locality <br>místo bydliště - place of residence <br>místopisný slovník - gazetteer <br>mistr - master craftsman <br>mít - to have <br>ml. (mladší) - younger, junior <br>mládenec - young man [starý mládenec = bachelor] <br>mladý - young <br>mlýn - mill <br>mlynář - miller <br>modlitba - prayer <br>modrý - blue <br>moravský - Moravian <br>most - bridge <br>mrtvě narozený - stillborn <br>mrtvý - dead <br>mu - to him <br>muž - man, husband <br>mužský - male <br>myslivec - hunter <br>'''N'''<br>na - on, at, around <br>náboženství - religion <br>nad - on the, above, upon <br>nádeník - day worker, day laborer <br>náhrobek - gravestone <br>nájemník - renter <br>nalezenec - foundling <br>nám - to us <br>nar. - birth, was born <br>narodil se - was born <br>národní - national <br>narození - birth <br>narozený - born <br>nás - us <br>náš (naše) - our <br>následující - next <br>ne (ne-) - no, not <br>nebo - or <br>nebožtík - the deceased <br>nedaleko - not far from <br>neděle - Sunday <br>nedostatek - lack of <br>nejmladší - youngest <br>nejstarší - oldest, eldest <br>nekatolík - non-Catholic <br>nemanželský - illegitimate <br>německý - German <br>nemluvně - infant <br>nemoc - disease <br>není - is not <br>neštovice - small pox <br>neteř - niece <br>neuvedeno - not mentioned <br>nevěsta - bride <br>nevlastní - step- (as in stepmother, stepsister, and so forth) <br>nevolník - vassal, serf <br>nevyskytuje se - does not appear <br>nezletilý - not of legal age, minor <br>neznámý - unknown <br>nic - nothing <br>nikdy - never <br>nízký - low, short <br>nižší - lower <br>noc - night <br>novomanželé - newlyweds <br>novorozenec - newborn <br>nový - new <br>nynější - this, the present <br>'''O'''<br>o - about, concerning <br>oba (obě) - both <br>občan citizen <br>občanství - citizenship <br>obchodník - merchant <br>obdržel - received <br>obec, obce - community, communities <br>oblastní archív - regional archive <br>obřad - rite, ceremony <br>obřezání (obřízka) - circumcision <br>obsah - content <br>obuvník - shoemaker <br>obyvatel - inhabitant, resident, citizen <br>obyvatelstvo - population <br>od - from, since <br>odbytý - performed <br>oddací - list marriage certificate <br>oddací matrika - marriage register <br>oddaný married <br>oddat - to marry <br>oddavky - marriage <br>odkud - from where <br>odpoledne - in the afternoon <br>odpovědět - to reply <br>ohlášený - announced, published <br>ohlášky - banns <br>okamžitě - right away, immediately <br>okolo - about, around <br>okres - district, county <br>on, -a, -o, -i, -y - he, she, it, they <br>osada - community <br>osm(ý) - eight (eighth) <br>osmdesát(ý) - eighty (eightieth) <br>osmistý - eight hundredth <br>osmnáct(ý) - eighteen (eighteenth) <br>osm set - eight hundred <br>osoba - person <br>osobní - personal <br>otčím - stepfather <br>otec, otcové - father, fathers <br>ovčák - shepherd <br>ovdovělá - widowed <br>ovdovělý - widowered <br>oženěný - married (man) <br>oženil se - married a woman <br>'''P'''<br>pacholek - farm servant <br>padesát(ý) - fifty (fiftieth) <br>pan - sir, Mr., Lord <br>paní - lady, Mrs. <br>panna - maiden, Miss, virgin [stará panna = old maiden, spinster] <br>pastýř - herdsman <br>pátek - Friday <br>patnáct(ý) - fifteen, fifteenth <br>patrimoniální knihy - patrimonial books <br>pátý - fifth <br>pečeť - seal <br>pekař - baker <br>pěstoun - foster father <br>pěstounka - foster mother <br>pět - five <br>pětistý - five hundredth <br>pět set - five hundred <br>pevnost - fortress <br>písaář - scribe <br>plnoletnost - age of consent, legal age, majority <br>plnoletý - of legal age <br>plný - full, complete <br>po (potom) - after <br>pobyt - residence <br>pochovat - buried <br>pod - under <br>poddaný - serf <br>podepsaný - the undersigned <br>podle - according to <br>podobný - similar <br>podpis - signature <br>podpora assistance - <br>podruh farm laborer <br>pohlaví - gender, sex <br>pohřbený - buried <br>pohřeb, pohřby - burial, burials <br>pohrobek - posthumous child <br>pokřtěný - christened <br>pokřtil - have christened, baptized <br>poledne - noon <br>polský - Polish <br>pomoc - help <br>pondělí - Monday <br>popálenina - burn <br>popis - description <br>poplatek - fee, cost <br>populace - population <br>porod - childbirth, labor <br>porodní bába - midwife <br>poručník - guardian <br>poslední - final, last <br>poslední pomazání - last rites <br>poslední vůle - last will, testament <br>potok - stream <br>potomek - descendant <br>povolání - occupation, profession <br>povolení - permission <br>požehnání - blessing <br>pozemkové knihy - land books <br>poznámky - remarks <br>pozůstalý - left behind, surviving <br>pra- - great<br>prabába (prababička) - great-grandmother <br>pracovitý - diligent, hard working <br>praděda (pradědeček) - great-grandfather <br>prarodiče - grandparents <br>prastrýc - great uncle <br>prateta - great aunt <br>pravděpodobně - in all likelihood, probably <br>právní - legal <br>právo - law <br>pravoslavný - orthodox <br>pravý - right, true <br>pražský - pertaining to Prague <br>před - before, in front of <br>předek ancestor <br>předešlý - previous <br>předevčírem - day before yesterday <br>předtím - before <br>přesnř - exactly <br>přibližný - approximate <br>příbuzný - related, relative <br>příčina - cause, reason <br>příjmení - surname, last name <br>příslušnost - relationship <br>příslušný - appropriate <br>příští - next <br>přítel - friend (male) <br>přítelkyně - friend (female) <br>přítomnost - presence <br>přízvisko - surname <br>pro - for <br>proč - why <br>prohlášení - statement <br>prosba - request <br>prosíme - we request <br>prosinec - December <br>protestantský - Protestant <br>proti - against <br>protože - because <br>provdala - se she married <br>průjem - diarrhea <br>pruský - Prussian <br>první - first <br>prvorozený - firstborn <br>prý - said to be <br>psát - to write <br>půl - half <br>půlláník - farmer (half-land holder) <br>půlnoc - midnight <br>původ - origin, parentage <br>'''R,Ř'''<br>r. (roku) - year <br>radnice - city hall <br>rakouský - Austrian <br>rakovina - cancer <br>ráno - in the morning <br>rejstřík - list, index <br>řeka - river <br>řemeslník - tradesman <br>řemeslo - trade <br>rešerše - genealogical research <br>řezník - butcher <br>říjen - October <br>římsko-katolický - Roman Catholic <br>robotník - laborer, vassal <br>roč. (ročník) - year (of book) <br>roce - year <br>roční - annual <br>rod - family, clan, descent, lineage <br>rodem - maiden name <br>rodič, rodiče - parent, parents <br>rodina - family <br>rodiště - birthplace <br>rodná matrika - birth register <br>rodné jméno - surname <br>rodný list - birth certificate <br>rodokmen - pedigree, family tree, lineage <br>rodopis - genealogy <br>rok - year <br>roky (roků) - years <br>rolník - peasant <br>rovněž - also, too <br>roz. (rozená) - maiden name <br>rozvedený - divorced <br>rozvod - divorce <br>ruský - Russian, Ruthenian, Ukrainian <br>různý - various <br>rybář - fisherman <br>rychtář - village magistrate <br>rynek - marketplace <br>'''rytíř - knight <br>S,Š'''<br>s, se - with <br>samota - hamlet <br>sčítání lidu - census <br>sdělení - report <br>sdělujeme Vám - we inform you <br>šedesát(ý) - sixty (sixtieth) <br>sedlák - farmer (large farm) <br>sedm(ý) - seven (seventh) <br>sedmdesát(ý) - seventy (seventieth) <br>sedmistý - seven hundredth <br>sedmnáct(ý) - seventeen (seventeenth) <br>sedm set - seven hundred <br>šenkýř - tavern keeper <br>šest(ý) - six (sixth) <br>šestistý - six hundredth <br>šestnáct(ý) - sixteen (sixteenth) <br>sestra - sister <br>sestřenice - cousin (female) <br>šestset - six hundred <br>sever - north <br>seznam - list, index, directory <br>sice - namely, or <br>sirotek (sirota) - orphan <br>škola - school <br>slabost - weakness, sickness <br>slabý - weak <br>slavný - famous <br>šlechta - nobility <br>šlechtic - nobleman <br>slečna - miss <br>slezský - Silesian <br>slovenský - Slovak <br>slovník - dictionary <br>sluha - servant (male) <br>služba - service <br>služka (služebná) - servant (female) <br>smlouva - contract, agreement <br>smrt - death <br>snacha - daughter-in-law <br>snad - perhaps <br>sňatek, sňatky - marriage, marriages <br>snoubenec - fiancé, betrothed, groom <br>snoubenka - fiancée, betrothed, bride <br>sobota Saturday <br>souchotiny - consumption <br>soud - court <br>soudce - judge <br>souhlas - consent <br>sourozenci - siblings; brothers and sisters <br>soused, sousedé - neighbor, neighbors <br>spála - scarlet fever <br>spalničky measles <br>společně together <br>společnost - society <br>srpen - August <br>stará panna - old maid, spinster <br>staroba - old age <br>starosta - mayor <br>starší - older, elder, senior <br>starý - old <br>starý mládenec - bachelor <br>stát - state <br>statek - farm <br>státní matriky - civil registry <br>stav - marital status, condition <br>sto - hundred <br>stolař - cabinet maker <br>století - century <br>str. (strana) page, side <br>střed, -ní - central, middle, average <br>středa - Wednesday <br>strýc - uncle <br>stý - one hundredth <br>sv. (svazek) - volume, number <br>švadlena - seamstress <br>švagr - brother-in-law <br>švagrová - sister-in-law <br>svatba - wedding <br>svatební - marital, of marriage <br>svatební oznámení - wedding announcement <br>svátek - holiday <br>svatý - holy <br>švec - shoemaker <br>svědek - witness <br>svobodný - unmarried, single <br>svolení - consent <br>svůj, svá, své - his own, her own <br>syn, synové - son, sons <br>synagóga - synagogue <br>synovec - nephew <br>'''T,Ť'''<br>tady - here <br>tak zvaný - so called <br>také - also <br>tam - there <br>tamější - of that place <br>táta (tatík, taťka, tatínek) - father <br>tchán - father-in-law<br>tchýně - mother-in-law <br>těhotenství - pregnancy <br>těhotná - pregnant <br>tesař - carpenter <br>teta - aunt <br>tisíc(í) - one thousand (one thousandth) <br>titul - title <br>tkadlec - weaver <br>to - it, this <br>tohoto roku - of the current year <br>tolik - so much, as much <br>tovaryš - journeymen <br>třetí - third <br>trh (tržiště) - market <br>tři - three <br>třicátý - thirtieth <br>třicet - thirty <br>třináct(ý) - thirteen (thirteenth) <br>tři sta - three hundred <br>třístý - three hundredth <br>truhlář - cabinetmaker <br>tu - here <br>tuberkulóza - tuberculosis <br>týden - week <br>týdny - weeks <br>tyfus břišní - typhoid fever <br>'''U'''<br>u - at, in <br>ubohý - poor <br>učedník (učeň) - apprentice <br>učitel - teacher <br>údaj - information <br>údolí - valley <br>uherský - Hungarian <br>uhlíř - coal man <br>ukrajinský - Ukrainian <br>ul. (ulice) - street, road <br>uložený - deposited <br>úmluva - contract, agreement <br>umřel - died <br>umřít - to die <br>úmrtí - death <br>úmrtní list - death certificate <br>úmrtní matrika - death register <br>únor - February <br>úplavice - dysentery <br>úřad - office <br>úředník - clerk, officer <br>urozený - of noble birth <br>usedlík - settler <br>ústní - verbal, oral <br>úterý - Tuesday <br>uveden - known <br>už - already <br>už ne - no longer <br>uzavření - contracting (of marriage) <br>'''V'''<br>v, ve - in, on, at <br>valach - ethnic identity, shepherd <br>valašský – Valach (Moravian ethnic group)<br>Vás - you <br>Váš - your <br>včera - yesterday <br>včerejší - yesterday’s <br>vdala se - married (to a man) <br>vdaná - married (woman) <br>vdova widow <br>vdova po Jozefovi - widow of Jozef <br>vdovec - widower <br>večer - in the evening <br>vedle - next to <br>věk - age <br>velký - big, great, large <br>velmožný - magnate <br>ves - village <br>vesnice - village <br>vévodství - duchy <br>viz - see <br>vlast - homeland <br>vlastní - own, real, natural, self <br>vlastní jméno - surname <br>vnučka - granddaughter <br>vnuk - grandson <br>voda - water <br>voják - soldier <br>vojenský - military <br>vojsko - military <br>vrchní - upper <br>všechno - all <br>vůbec ne - not at all <br>východ - east <br>vydaný - published <br>vykonal - performed, did, accomplished <br>výměnkář - pensioner <br>výpis - extract <br>výročí - anniversary <br>vysoký - high, tall <br>vyšší - upper <br>vývod - pedigree <br>vyznání - religion <br>vždy - always <br>'''Z,Ž'''<br>z, ze - from, of (a place) <br>žadný - no, none <br>žádost - request <br>zahradník - gardener <br>zákonný - lawful, legal, legitimate <br>zámečník - locksmith <br>zámek - palace <br>zaměstnání - employment <br>západ - west <br>zápal plic - pneumonia <br>září - September <br>záškrt - diphtheria <br>zasnoubení - engagement (to marry) <br>zasnoubený - betrothed, engaged <br>zasnoubit - se to become engaged <br>závěť - will, testament <br>zde - here <br>zdejší - of this place <br>žebrák - beggar <br>zedník - bricklayer <br>zelený - green <br>země - earth <br>zemědělec - peasant <br>zemřel - died <br>zemské desky - land tablets <br>žena - woman, wife <br>ženatý - married (to a woman) <br>ženich - bridegroom <br>ženský - female <br>žesnul - died <br>zeť - son-in-law <br>žid, židové - Jew, Jewish <br>židovský - Jewish <br>žijící - living <br>zítra - tomorrow <br>život - life <br>životopis - biography <br>žloutenka - jaundice <br>zničení - destruction <br>znovu - again <br>zvaný - called, also known as, alias, named
In some genealogical records, numbers are spelled out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form with a possessive grammatical ending. In the following list, the ordinal number in its standard form is given first, followed by the possessive form (in some cases only the possessive ending is listed):


=== Numbers ===
'''pátý'''  - the fifth    '''pátého'''  - on the fifth (of the month)


In some genealogical records, numbers are spelled out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form with a possessive grammatical ending. In the following list, the ordinal number in its standard form is given first, followed by the possessive form (in some cases only the possessive ending is listed):
'''Cardinal                                        Ordinal'''


pátý the fifth
1 jeden, jedna, jedno                      1st první, prvního<br>2 dva, dvě                                      2nd druhý, druhého<br>3 tři                                                3rd třetí, třetího<br>4 čtyři                                            4th čtvrtý, čtvrtého<br>5 pět                                              5th pátý, pátého<br>6 šest                                            6th šestý, šestého<br>7 sedm                                          7th sedmý, sedmého<br>8 osm                                            8th osmý, osmého<br>9 devět                                            9th devátý, devátého<br>10 deset                                        10th desátý, desátého<br>11 jedenáct                                    11th jedenáctý, -ého<br>12 dvanáct                                    12th dvanáctý, -ého<br>13 třináct                                      13th třináctý, -ého<br>14 čtrnáct                                      14th čtrnáctý, -ého<br>15 patnáct                                      15th patnáctý, -ého<br>16 šestnáct                                    16th šestnáctý, -ého<br>17 sedmnáct                                  17th sedmnáctý, -ého<br>18 osmnáct                                    18th osmnáctý, -ého<br>19 devatenáct                                19th devatenáctý, -ého<br>20 dvacet                                        20th dvacátý, -ého<br>21 dvacet jeden, -jedna, -jedno          21st dvacátý první, dvacátého prvního<br>22 dvacet dva                                  22nd dvacátý druhý, dvacátého druhého<br>23 dvacet tři                                    23rd dvacátý třetí, dvacátého třetího<br>24 dvacet čtyři                                24th dvacátý čtvrtý, dvacátého čtvrtého<br>25 dvacet pět                                  25th dvacátý pátý, dvacátého pátého<br>26 dvacet šest                                26th dvacátý šestý,dvacátého šestého<br>27 dvacet sedm                              27th dvacátý sedmý, dvacátého sedmého<br>28 dvacet osm                                28th dvacátý osmý, dvacátého osmého<br>29 dvacet devět                              29th dvacátý devátý, dvacátého devátého<br>30 třicet                                        30th třicátý, třicátého <br>40 čtyřicet                                      40th čtyřicátý, -ého<br>50 padesát                                    50th padesátý, -ého<br>60 šedesát                                    60th šedesátý, -ého<br>70 sedmdesát                                70th sedmdesátý, -ého<br>80 osmdesát                                  80th osmdesátý, -ého<br>90 devadesát                                  90th devadesátý, -ého<br>100 sto                                        100th stý, -ého<br>200 dvěstě                                    200th dvoustý, -ého<br>300 třista                                      300th třístý, -ého<br>400 čtyřista                                  400th čtyřistý, -ého<br>500 pětset                                    500th pětistý, -ého<br>600 šestset                                  600th šestistý, -ého<br>700 sedmset                                700th sedmistý, -ého<br>800 osmset                                  800th osmistý, -ého<br>900 devětset                                900th devítistý, -ého<br>1000 tisíc                                    1000th tisící, -ího


pátého on the fifth (of the month)
==Date and Time==


=== Cardinal Ordinal ===
To understand Czech dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding “Numbers” section. In Czech records, dates are occasionally spelled out. Dates are usually given with possessive grammatical endings:


1 jeden, jedna, jedno 1st první, prvního
*''dvacátého osmého srpna, jeden tisíc osm set'' ''padesát dva''
*[on the twenty-eighth of August, one thousand eight hundred fifty and two]  28 August 1852


2 dva, dvě 2nd druhý, druhého
===Months of the Year===


3 t_i 3rd t_etí, t_etího
Czech dates are always given in day-month-year order. Months are often abbreviated using a Roman numeral.


4 _ty_i 4th _tvrtý, _tvrtého
For example, 25 February 1848 could be written as:<br>    25. února 1848<br>    25. 2. 1848<br>    25. II. 1848


5 pět 5th pátý, pátého
The months listed below are shown in their standard form and in the possessive form used in writing dates:


6 šest 6th šestý, šestého
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="50%"
|-
! width="25%" |'''Roman Numeral'''
!'''Czech'''
!'''English'''
|-
|I
|leden, ledna
|January
|-
|II
|únor, února
|February
|-
|III
|březen, března
|March
|-
|IV
|duben, dubna
|April
|-
|V
|květen, května
|May
|-
|VI
|červen, června
|June
|-
|VII
|červenec, července
|July
|-
|VIII
|srpen, srpna
|August
|-
|IX
|září
|September
|-
|X
|říjen, října
|October
|-
|XI
|listopad, listopadu
|November
|-
|XII
|prosinec, prosince
|December
|}


7 sedm 7th sedmý, sedmého
===Days of the Week===


8 osm 8th osmý, osmého
'''  Czech          English'''<br>    neděle        Sunday<br>    pondělí        Monday<br>    úterý          Tuesday<br>    středa        Wednesday<br>    čtvrtek        Thursday<br>    pátek          Friday<br>    sobota        Saturday


9 devět 9th devátý, devátého
===Times of the Day===


10 deset 10th desátý, desátého
Czech records may indicate the exact time when the birth, marriage, or death occurred. This is usually spelled out.


11 jedenáct 11th jedenáctý, -ého
'''    Czech                  English<br>'''    v deset hodin          at 10 o’clock<br>    ráno                      in the morning<br>    dopoledne              forenoon<br>    poledne/ v poledne  noon<br>    odpoledne              afternoon<br>    večer                      in the evening<br>    v noci                    at night<br>    půlnoc/ o půlnoci    midnight<br>


12 dvanáct 12th dvanáctý, -ého
==General Word List==


13 t_ináct 13th t_ináctý, -ého
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. In this list, optional versions of Czech words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Some Czech phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Czech word, not the first word, of the phrase. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.


14 _trnáct 14th _trnáctý, -ého
'''Czech English'''


15 patnáct 15th patnáctý, -ého
====A====


16 šestnáct 16th šestnáctý, -ého
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|a
|and
|-
|A. C.
|Augsburg Confession
|-
|A. V.
|Augsburské vzynání, Augsburg Confesson
|-
|aby
|so that
|-
|adoptovaný
|adopted
|-
|adresář
|directory
|-
|ale
|but
|-
|ani
|not even
|-
|archív
|archive
|-
|asi
|perhaps, about, maybe, circa
|-
|atd.
|and so forth
|}


17 sedmnáct 17th sedmnáctý, -ého


18 osmnáct 18th osmnáctý, -ého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


19 devatenáct 19th devatenáctý, -ého
====B====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|bába (babina, babička)
|grandmother (also used for midwife)
|-
|badatel
|researcher
|-
|bakalář
|student
|-
|baráčník
|cottager
|-
|barvíř
|dyer
|-
|běhavka
|diarrhea
|-
|běloruský
|Belorussian
|-
|berní
|ruly tax lists
|-
|bez
|without
|-
|bezdětný
|childless
|-
|bezejmenný
|unnamed, nameless
|-
|bílý
|white
|-
|biřmování
|confirmations
|-
|biskup
|bishop
|-
|blízký
|near
|-
|blížně, blížěňata
|twin, twins
|-
|bojiště, na bojišti
|battlefield, on the battlefield
|-
|bolest
|pain
|-
|Boží
|the Lord’s
|-
|bratr, bratři
|brother, brothers
|-
|bratranec
|cousin (male)
|-
|březen
|March
|-
|bude
|he will, she will, it will
|-
|budou
|they will
|-
|Bůh
|the Lord
|-
|bydlící
|residing
|-
|bydliště
|residence
|-
|byl, byla, bylo
|was
|-
|byli, byly
|were
|-
|být
|to be
|-
|bývalý
|former, the late (deceased)
|}


20 dvacet 20th dvacátý, -ého


21 dvacet jeden, -jedna,-jedno
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


21st dvacátý první, dvacátého prvního
====C====


22 dvacet dva 22nd dvacátý druhý, dvacátého druhého
'''C, Č'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|číslo
|number
|-
|cajkař
|weaver
|-
|čas
|time
|-
|časopis
|magazine, periodical
|-
|část
|part, portion
|-
|často
|often
|-
|cech
|guild
|-
|čeledín
|groom (person employed to clean/look after horses)
|-
|celý
|entire
|-
|census
|census
|-
|černý
|black
|-
|červen
|June
|-
|červenec
|July
|-
|červený
|red
|-
|Český
|Czech, Bohemian
|-
|cesta
|road
|-
|cestář
|road-mender, wayman
|-
|cestovní pas
|passport
|-
|chalupník
|cottager, poor peasant
|-
|chce
|he wants
|-
|chlap
|peasant, country fellow
|-
|chlapec
|boy
|-
|choroba
|disease
|-
|choť
|spouse
|-
|cihlář
|brick maker
|-
|cikán
|gypsy
|-
|církev
|church
|-
|císařský
|imperial
|-
|císařství
|empire
|-
|cizí
|foreign, strange
|-
|číslo běžně
|running number (as in a list)
|-
|číslo domu
|house number
|-
|cizozemský
|foreign
|-
|člen
|member
|-
|co
|what
|-
|čtrnáct(ý)
|fourteen (fourteenth)
|-
|čtvrtek
|Thursday
|-
|čtvrtláník
|farmer (quarter-land holder)
|-
|čtvrtý
|fourth
|-
|čtyři
|four
|-
|čtyřicátý
|fortieth
|-
|čtyřicet
|forty
|-
|čtyři sta
|four hundred
|-
|čtyřstý
|four hundredth
|-
|cukrovka
|diabetes
|}


23 dvacet t_i 23rd dvacátý t_etí, dvacátého t_etího


24 dvacet _ty_i 24th dvacátý _tvrtý, dvacátého _tvrtého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


25 dvacet pět 25th dvacátý pátý, dvacátého pátého
====D====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|daně
|taxation
|-
|dar
|donation
|-
|datum
|date
|-
|dcera, dcery
|daughter, daughters
|-
|děcko
|child
|-
|děd (děda, dědek, dědeček)
|grandfather, old man
|-
|dědic
|heir
|-
|dědictví
|heritage, inheritance
|-
|dějiny
|history
|-
|děkanát
|deanery, division of a diocese
|-
|dělník
|laborer, worker
|-
|den
|day
|-
|desátek
|tithing, a tenth
|-
|desátý
|tenth
|-
|deset
|ten
|-
|děťátko
|little child
|-
|děti
|children
|-
|devadesát(ý)
|ninety (ninetieth)
|-
|devatenáct(ý)
|nineteen (nineteenth)
|-
|devátý
|ninth
|-
|děvče (děvčina)
|girl
|-
|devět
|nine
|-
|devět set
|nine hundred
|-
|devítistý
|nine hundredth
|-
|díl
|portion, share, volume
|-
|diecéze
|diocese
|-
|dítě
|child
|-
|dítěte
|of the child
|-
|dívka (dívčina)
|girl
|-
|dle
|according to
|-
|dlouhý
|long
|-
|dne
|on the day
|-
|dnes
|today
|-
|dnešní
|today's
|-
|do
|to, into
|-
|doba
|time, period
|-
|dobrý
|good
|-
|dodatek
|supplement, addition
|-
|doklad
|document
|-
|dolní
|lower
|-
|doma
|at home
|-
|domkář
|cottager
|-
|domovský list
|residency certificate
|-
|dopis
|letter, correspondence
|-
|dříve
|previously
|-
|dřívější
|former
|-
|druhého
|on the second
|-
|druhopis
|duplicate
|-
|druhý
|second
|-
|duben
|April
|-
|Duch (po svatém Duchu)
|spirit (after Pentecost)
|-
|důchodce
|pensioner
|-
|důkaz
|proof
|-
|dům
|house
|-
|duplikát
|duplicate
|-
|dva
|two
|-
|dvacátý
|twentieth
|-
|dvacátý čtvrtý
|twenty-fourth
|-
|dvacátý devátý
|twenty-ninth
|-
|dvacátý druhý
|twenty-second
|-
|dvacátý osmý
|twenty-eighth
|-
|dvacátý pátý
|twenty-fifth
|-
|dvacátý první
|twenty-first
|-
|dvacátý sedmý
|twenty-seventh
|-
|dvacátý šestý
|twenty-sixth
|-
|dvacátý třetí
|twenty-third
|-
|dvacet
|twenty
|-
|dvacet čtyři
|twenty-four
|-
|dvacet devět
|twenty-nine
|-
|dvacet dva
|twenty-two
|-
|dvacet jeden
|twenty-one
|-
|dvacet osm
|twenty-eight
|-
|dvacet pět
|twenty-five
|-
|dvacet sedm
|twenty-seven
|-
|dvacet šest
|twenty-six
|-
|dvacet tři
|twenty-three
|-
|dvanáct(ý)
|twelve (twelfth)
|-
|dvě
|two
|-
|dvě stě
|two hundred
|-
|dvojče, dvojčata
|twin, twins
|-
|dvoustý
|two hundredth
|-
|dvůr
|court
|}


26 dvacet šest 26th dvacátý šestý,dvacátého šestého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


27 dvacet sedm 27th dvacátý sedmý, dvacátého sedmého
====E====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|emigrace
|emigration
|-
|erb
|coat of arms
|-
|erbovní
|heraldic
|-
|erbovnictví
|heraldry
|-
|evangelický
|Evangelical, Lutheran, Protestant
|}


28 dvacet osm 28th dvacátý osmý, dvacátého osmého


29 dvacet dev_t 29th dvacátý devátý, dvacátého devátého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


30 t_icet 30th t_icátý, t_icátého
====F====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|fara
|parish
|-
|farář
|pastor, parish priest
|-
|farní úřad
|parish office
|-
|farnost
|parish
|}


40 _ty_icet 40th _ty_icátý, -ého


50 padesát 50th padesátý, -ého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


60 šedesát 60th šedesátý, -ého
====G====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |FOREIGN LANGUAGE
! scope="col" |English
|-
|genealogický strom
|family tree
|-
|genealogie
|genealogy
|-
|grunt
|family property
|-
|gruntovní knihy
|land records
|-
|gruntovník
|farmer, land holder
|-
|gubernie
|Russian province
|}


70 sedmdesát 70th sedmdesátý, -ého


80 osmdesát 80th osmdesátý, -ého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


90 devadesát 90th devadesátý, -ého
====H====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|H.C.
|Helvetic Confession (vzynání)
|-
|havíř
|coal miner
|-
|hejtmanství
|political district
|-
|heraldika
|heraldry
|-
|historie
|history
|-
|hlavní
|main
|-
|ho
|him
|-
|hodina
|hour
|-
|hodný
|worthy
|-
|holič
|barber
|-
|hora
|mountain, hill
|-
|horečka
|fever
|-
|horní
|upper
|-
|horník
|miner
|-
|hospodář
|farmer (self sustaining)
|-
|hospodářství
|farm
|-
|hostinský
|innkeeper
|-
|hrad
|castle
|-
|hranice
|border, boundary
|-
|hřbitov
|cemetery
|-
|hrob
|grave
|-
|hrnčíř
|potter
|}


100 sto 100th stý, -ého


200 dvěstě 200th dvoustý, -ého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


300 t_ista 300th t_ístý, -ého
====I====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |Englishsor
|-
|i
|and
|-
|imigrace
|immigration
|-
|informace
|information
|}


400 _ty_ista 400th _ty_stý, -ého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


500 p_tset 500th p_tistý, -ého
====J====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|jak
|how, as
|-
|jako
|as, like
|-
|jaký
|what kind of
|-
|jazyk
|language
|-
|je
|he is, she is, it is
|-
|jeden, -na, -no
|a, an, one
|-
|jedenáct(ý)
|eleven (eleventh)
|-
|jedináček
|the only child
|-
|jeho
|his, its
|-
|její
|her
|-
|jejich
|their
|-
|jen
|only, just
|-
|ještě
|still, yet
|-
|ještě ne
|not yet
|-
|jezero
|lake
|-
|jih
|south
|-
|jinak též
|alias
|-
|jindy
|at another time
|-
|jiný
|other, different
|-
|jitro
|morning
|-
|již
|already
|-
|jméno
|name, given name= křestní jméno
|-
|jmenovitě
|that means, namely
|-
|jsou
|they are
|}
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


600 šestset 600th šestistý, -ého
====K====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|k
|to, for
|-
|kalendář
|calendar
|-
|kam
|to where
|-
|kameník
|mason
|-
|kaple
|chapel
|-
|kašel
|cough
|-
|katolický
|Catholic
|-
|kazatel
|preacher
|-
|každý
|each, every
|-
|kde
|where
|-
|kdo
|who
|-
|kdy (když)
|when
|-
|kilometr
|kilometer
|-
|klášter
|convent, monastery
|-
|klempíř
|tinsmith
|-
|kmotr
|godfather
|-
|kmotra
|godmother
|-
|kmotři
|godparents
|-
|kněz
|priest
|-
|kniha, knihy
|book, books
|-
|knihovna
|library
|-
|koho
|whom
|-
|kojenec
|suckling
|-
|kolem
|about, approximately
|-
|kominík
|chimney sweep
|-
|konec
|end
|-
|konečný
|final, last
|-
|konto
|account
|-
|konverze
|conversion
|-
|kostel
|church
|-
|koupil
|he bought
|-
|kovář
|smith
|-
|koželuh
|tanner
|-
|kraj
|region, area
|-
|král
|king
|-
|královna
|queen
|-
|královský
|royal
|-
|království
|kingdom
|-
|krát
|times
|-
|křeče
|cramps, convulsions
|-
|krejčí
|tailor (male)
|-
|křest
|christening, baptism
|-
|křestní jméno
|given name
|-
|křestní list
|christening (baptismal) certificate
|-
|krevní
|blood relation
|-
|kronika, kroniky
|chronicle, chronicles
|-
|křtřnec
|the one christened, baptized
|-
|křtěný
|christened, baptized
|-
|křtícího
|of the baptizer
|-
|křtil
|have christened, baptized
|-
|křtu
|of the christening
|-
|křty
|christenings, baptisms
|-
|krvácení
|bleeding, hemorrhage
|-
|který
|who, which
|-
|kupec
|shopkeeper, merchant
|-
|kumšt
|trade, occupation
|-
|květen
|May
|}


700 sedmset 700th sedmistý, -ého


800 osmset 800th osmistý, -ého
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


900 devětset 900th devítistý, -ého
====L====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|lán
|a measure of land
|-
|laník
|landholder
|-
|latinský
|Latin
|-
|lázně
|spa, spring, bath
|-
|leden
|January
|-
|lékař
|physician
|-
|les
|forest, woods
|-
|lesník
|forester
|-
|leštiř skla
|polisher of glass
|-
|léta (let)
|years
|-
|letopočet
|date
|-
|letos
|this year
|-
|levoboček
|illegitimate child
|-
|levý
|left
|-
|lidé (lid)
|people
|-
|list
|certificate, page
|-
|listina
|legal document
|-
|listopad
|November
|-
|loď
|ship, boat
|-
|loni
|last year
|-
|lože
|status of legitimacy, bed
|-
|lože manželské
|legitimate
|-
|lože nemanželské
|illegitimate
|}


1000 tisíc 1000th tisící, -ího


=== Date and Time ===
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


To understand Czech dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding “Numbers” section. In Czech records, dates are occasionally spelled out. Dates are usually given with possessive grammatical endings:
====M====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|má
|he has, she has, it has
|-
|macecha
|stepmother
|-
|maďarský
|Hungarian
|-
|majetek
|property
|-
|majetný
|wealthy, property owning
|-
|mají
|they have
|-
|malíř
|painter
|-
|malý
|small, little
|-
|máma (matka, mamka, maminka)
|mother
|-
|manžel
|husband
|-
|manželé
|married couple
|-
|manželka
|wife
|-
|manželský
|legitimate
|-
|manželství
|marriage
|-
|mapa
|map
|-
|matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka
|mother
|-
|matrika, matriky
|vital records, church records, parish registers
|-
|matrika narozených
|birth register
|-
|matrika oddaných
|marriage register
|-
|matrika zemřelých
|death register
|-
|měl, -a, -o
|he had, she had, it had
|-
|menší
|lesser, smaller, shorter
|-
|měsíc
|month
|-
|měščan
|burgher, citizen
|-
|měsťan
|burgher, citizen
|-
|město
|town, city
|-
|mezi
|between
|-
|místní
|local
|-
|místo
|place, locality
|-
|místo bydliště
|place of residence
|-
|místopisný slovník
|gazetteer
|-
|mistr
|master craftsman
|-
|mít
|to have
|-
|ml. (mladší)
|younger, junior
|-
|mládenec
|young man
|-
|starý mládenec
|bachelor
|-
|mladý
|young
|-
|mlýn
|mill
|-
|mlynář
|miller
|-
|modlitba
|prayer
|-
|modrý
|blue
|-
|moravský
|Moravian
|-
|most
|bridge
|-
|mrtvě narozený
|stillborn
|-
|mrtvý
|dead
|-
|mu
|to him
|-
|muž
|man, husband
|-
|mužský
|male
|-
|myslivec
|hunter
|}


* ''dvacátého osmého srpna jeden tisíc osm set''
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}
* ''padesát dva''[on the twenty-eighth of August one thousand eight hundred fifty and two (28 August 1852)]


=== Months of the Year ===
====N====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|na
|on, at, around
|-
|náb.
|religion
|-
|náboženství
|religion
|-
|nad
|on the, above, upon
|-
|nádeník
|day worker, day laborer
|-
|náhrobek
|gravestone
|-
|nájemník
|renter, tenant
|-
|nalezenec
|foundling
|-
|nám
|to us
|-
|nar.
|birth, was born
|-
|narodil se
|was born
|-
|národní
|national
|-
|narození
|birth
|-
|narozený
|born
|-
|nás
|us
|-
|náš (naše)
|our
|-
|následující
|next
|-
|ne (ne-)
|no, not
|-
|nebo
|or
|-
|nebožtík
|the deceased
|-
|nedaleko
|not far from
|-
|neděle
|Sunday
|-
|nedostatek
|lack of
|-
|nejmladší
|youngest
|-
|nejstarší
|oldest, eldest
|-
|nekatolík
|non-Catholic
|-
|nemanželský
|illegitimate
|-
|německý
|German
|-
|nemluvně
|infant
|-
|nemoc
|disease
|-
|není
|is not
|-
|neštovice
|small pox
|-
|neteř
|niece
|-
|neuvedeno
|not mentioned
|-
|nevěsta
|bride
|-
|nevlastní
|step- (as in stepmother, stepsister, and so forth)
|-
|nevolník
|vassal, serf
|-
|nevyskytuje se
|does not appear
|-
|nezletilý
|not of legal age, minor
|-
|neznámý
|unknown
|-
|nic
|nothing
|-
|nikdy
|never
|-
|nízký
|low, short
|-
|nižší
|lower
|-
|noc
|night
|-
|novomanželé
|newlyweds
|-
|novorozenec
|newborn
|-
|nový
|new
|-
|nynější
|this, the present
|}


Czech dates are always given in day-month-year order. Months are often abbreviated using a Roman numeral. For example, 25 February 1848 could be written:


25. února 1848
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


25. 2. 1848
====O====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|o
|about, concerning
|-
|oba (obě)
|both
|-
|občan
|citizen
|-
|občanství
|citizenship
|-
|obchodník
|merchant
|-
|obdržel
|received
|-
|obec, obce
|community, communities
|-
|oblastní archív
|regional archive
|-
|obřad
|rite, ceremony
|-
|obřezání (obřízka)
|circumcision
|-
|obsah
|content
|-
|obuvník
|shoemaker
|-
|obyvatel
|inhabitant, resident, citizen
|-
|obyvatelstvo
|population
|-
|od
|from, since
|-
|odbytý
|performed
|-
|oddací
|list marriage certificate
|-
|oddací matrika
|marriage register
|-
|oddaný
|married
|-
|oddat
|to marry
|-
|oddavky
|marriage
|-
|odkud
|from where
|-
|odpoledne
|in the afternoon
|-
|odpovědět
|to reply
|-
|ohlášený
|announced, published
|-
|ohlášky
|banns
|-
|okamžitě
|right away, immediately
|-
|okolo
|about, around
|-
|okres
|district, county
|-
|on, -a, -o, -i, -y
|he, she, it, they
|-
|osada
|community
|-
|osm(ý)
|eight (eighth)
|-
|osmdesát(ý)
|eighty (eightieth)
|-
|osmistý
|eight hundredth
|-
|osmnáct(ý)
|eighteen (eighteenth)
|-
|osm set
|eight hundred
|-
|osoba
|person
|-
|osobní
|personal
|-
|otčím
|stepfather
|-
|otec, otcové
|father, fathers
|-
|ovčák
|shepherd
|-
|ovdovělá
|widowed
|-
|ovdovělý
|widowered
|-
|oženěný
|married (man)
|-
|oženil se
|married a woman
|}


25. II. 1848
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


The months listed below are shown in their standard form and in the possessive form used in writing dates:
====P====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|pacholek
|farm servant
|-
|padesát(ý)
|fifty (fiftieth)
|-
|pan
|sir, Mr., Lord
|-
|paní
|lady, Mrs.
|-
|panna
|maiden, Miss, virgin
|-
|stará panna
|old maiden, spinster
|-
|pastýř
|herdsman
|-
|pátek
|Friday
|-
|patnáct(ý)
|fifteen, fifteenth
|-
|patrimoniální knihy
|patrimonial books
|-
|pátý
|fifth
|-
|pečeť
|seal
|-
|pekař
|baker
|-
|pěstoun
|foster father
|-
|pěstounka
|foster mother
|-
|pět
|five
|-
|pětistý
|five hundredth
|-
|pět set
|five hundred
|-
|pevnost
|fortress
|-
|písaář
|scribe
|-
|plnoletnost
|age of consent, legal age, majority
|-
|plnoletý
|of legal age
|-
|plný
|full, complete
|-
|po (potom)
|after
|-
|po svatém Duchu (po sv. Duchu)
|after Pentecost
|-
|pobyt
|residence
|-
|pochovat
|buried
|-
|pod
|under
|-
|poddaný
|serf
|-
|podepsaný
|the undersigned
|-
|podepsat
|to sign, to undersign, to witness a signature
|-
|podle
|according to
|-
|podobný
|similar
|-
|podpis
|signature
|-
|podpora
|assistance
|-
|podruh
|farm laborer
|-
|pohlaví
|gender, sex
|-
|pohřbený
|buried
|-
|pohřeb, pohřby
|burial, burials
|-
|pohrobek
|posthumous child
|-
|pokřtěný
|christened
|-
|pokřtil
|have christened, baptized
|-
|poledne
|noon
|-
|polský
|Polish
|-
|pomoc
|help
|-
|politický okres
|political district
|-
|pondělí
|Monday
|-
|popálenina
|burn
|-
|popis
|description
|-
|poplatek
|fee, cost
|-
|populace
|population
|-
|porod
|childbirth, labor
|-
|porodní bába
|midwife
|-
|poručník
|guardian
|-
|poslední
|final, last
|-
|poslední pomazání
|last rites
|-
|poslední vůle
|last will, testament
|-
|potok
|stream
|-
|potomek
|descendant
|-
|povolání
|occupation, profession
|-
|povolení
|permission
|-
|požehnání
|blessing
|-
|pozemkové knihy
|land books
|-
|poznámky
|remarks
|-
|pozůstalý
|left behind, surviving
|-
|pra
|great
|-
|prabába (prababička)
|great-grandmother
|-
|pracovitý
|diligent, hard working
|-
|praděda (pradědeček)
|great-grandfather
|-
|prarodiče
|grandparents
|-
|prastrýc
|great uncle
|-
|prateta
|great aunt
|-
|pravděpodobně
|in all likelihood, probably
|-
|právní
|legal
|-
|právo
|law
|-
|pravoslavný
|orthodox
|-
|pravý
|right, true
|-
|pražský
|pertaining to Prague
|-
|před
|before, in front of
|-
|předek
|ancestor
|-
|předešlý
|previous
|-
|předevčírem
|day before yesterday
|-
|předtím
|before
|-
|přesnř
|exactly
|-
|přibližný
|approximate
|-
|příbuzný
|related, relative
|-
|příčina
|cause, reason
|-
|příjmení
|surname, last name
|-
|příslušnost
|relationship
|-
|příslušný
|appropriate
|-
|příští
|next
|-
|přítel
|friend (male)
|-
|přítelkyně
|friend (female)
|-
|přítomnost
|presence
|-
|přízvisko
|surname
|-
|pro
|for
|-
|proč
|why
|-
|prohlášení
|proclamation/banns/statement
|-
|prosba
|request
|-
|prosíme
|we request
|-
|prosinec
|December
|-
|protestantský
|Protestant
|-
|proti
|against
|-
|protože
|because
|-
|provdala - se
|she married
|-
|průjem
|diarrhea
|-
|pruský
|Prussian
|-
|první
|first
|-
|prvorozený
|firstborn
|-
|prý
|said to be
|-
|psát
|to write
|-
|psotník
|infantile convulsions
|-
|půl
|half
|-
|půlláník
|farmer (half-land holder)
|-
|půlnoc
|midnight
|-
|původ
|origin, parentage
|}


'''Czech English'''


I leden, ledna January
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


II únor, února February
====R====


III b_ezen, b_ezna March
'''R, Ř'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|r. (roku)
|year
|-
|radnice
|city hall
|-
|rakouský
|Austrian
|-
|rakovina
|cancer
|-
|ráno
|in the morning
|-
|rejstřík
|list, index
|-
|řeka
|river
|-
|řemeslník
|tradesman
|-
|řemeslo
|trade
|-
|rešerše
|genealogical research
|-
|řezník
|butcher
|-
|říjen
|October
|-
|římsko-katolický
|Roman Catholic
|-
|robotník
|laborer, vassal
|-
|roč. (ročník)
|year (of book)
|-
|roce
|year
|-
|roční
|annual
|-
|rod
|family, clan, descent, lineage
|-
|rodem
|maiden name
|-
|rodič, rodiče
|parent, parents
|-
|rodina
|family
|-
|rodiště
|birthplace
|-
|rodná matrika
|birth register
|-
|rodné jméno
|surname
|-
|rodný list
|birth certificate
|-
|rodokmen
|pedigree, family tree, lineage
|-
|rodopis
|genealogy
|-
|rok
|year
|-
|roky (roků)
|years
|-
|rolník
|peasant
|-
|rovněž
|also, too
|-
|roz. (rozená)
|maiden name
|-
|rozvedený
|divorced
|-
|rozvod
|divorce
|-
|ruský
|Russian, Ruthenian, Ukrainian
|-
|různý
|various
|-
|rybář
|fisherman
|-
|rychtář
|village magistrate
|-
|rynek
|marketplace
|-
|rytíř
|knight
|}
 


IV duben, dubna April
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


V květen, kvě_tna May
====S====


VI _erven, _ervna June
'''S, Š'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|s, se
|with
|-
|samota
|hamlet
|-
|sčítání lidu
|census
|-
|sdělení
|report
|-
|sdělujeme Vám
|we inform you
|-
|šedesát(ý)
|sixty (sixtieth)
|-
|sedlák
|farmer (large farm)
|-
|sedm(ý)
|seven (seventh)
|-
|sedmdesát(ý)
|seventy (seventieth)
|-
|sedmistý
|seven hundredth
|-
|sedmnáct(ý)
|seventeen (seventeenth)
|-
|sedm set
|seven hundred
|-
|šenkýř
|tavern keeper
|-
|šest(ý)
|six (sixth)
|-
|šestistý
|six hundredth
|-
|šestnáct(ý)
|sixteen (sixteenth)
|-
|sestra
|sister
|-
|sestřenice
|cousin (female)
|-
|šestset
|six hundred
|-
|sever
|north
|-
|seznam
|list, index, directory
|-
|sice
|namely, or
|-
|sirotek (sirota)
|orphan
|-
|škola
|school
|-
|slabost
|weakness, sickness
|-
|slabý
|weak
|-
|slavný
|famous
|-
|šlechta
|nobility
|-
|šlechtic
|nobleman
|-
|slečna
|miss
|-
|slezský
|Silesian
|-
|slovenský
|Slovak
|-
|slovník
|dictionary
|-
|sluha
|servant (male)
|-
|služba
|service
|-
|služka (služebná)
|servant (female)
|-
|smlouva
|contract, agreement
|-
|smrt
|death
|-
|snacha
|daughter-in-law
|-
|snad
|perhaps
|-
|sňatek, sňatky
|marriage, marriages
|-
|snoubenec
|fiancé, betrothed, groom
|-
|snoubenka
|fiancée, betrothed, bride
|-
|sobota
|Saturday
|-
|souchotiny
|consumption
|-
|soud
|court
|-
|soudce
|judge
|-
|souhlas
|consent
|-
|sourozenci
|siblings; brothers and sisters
|-
|soused, sousedé
|neighbor, neighbors, property owner,
in villages: status similar to a burgher/citizen in town
|-
|spála
|scarlet fever
|-
|spalničky
|measles
|-
|společně
|together
|-
|společnost
|society
|-
|srpen
|August
|-
|stará panna
|old maid, spinster
|-
|staroba
|old age
|-
|starosta
|mayor
|-
|starší
|older, elder, senior
|-
|starý
|old
|-
|starý mládenec
|bachelor
|-
|stát
|state
|-
|statek
|farm
|-
|státní matriky
|civil registry
|-
|stav
|marital status, condition
|-
|sto
|hundred
|-
|stolař
|cabinet maker
|-
|století
|century
|-
|str. (strana)
|page, side
|-
|střed, -ní
|central, middle, average
|-
|středa
|Wednesday
|-
|strýc
|uncle
|-
|stý
|one hundredth
|-
|sv. (svazek)
|volume, number
|-
|švadlena
|seamstress
|-
|švagr
|brother-in-law
|-
|švagrová
|sister-in-law
|-
|svatba
|wedding
|-
|svatební
|marital, of marriage
|-
|svatební oznámení
|wedding announcement
|-
|svátek
|holiday
|-
|svatý
|holy
|-
|švec
|shoemaker
|-
|svědek
|witness
|-
|svobodný
|unmarried, single
|-
|svolení
|consent
|-
|svůj, svá, své
|his own, her own
|-
|syn, synové
|son, sons
|-
|synagóga
|synagogue
|-
|synovec
|nephew
|}


VII _ervenec, _ervence July
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


VIII srpen, srpna August
====T====


IX zá_í September
'''T, Ť'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|tady
|here
|-
|tak zvaný
|so called
|-
|také
|also
|-
|tam
|there
|-
|tamější
|of that place
|-
|táta (tatík, taťka, tatínek)
|father
|-
|tchán
|father-in-law
|-
|tchýně
|mother-in-law
|-
|těhotenství
|pregnancy
|-
|těhotná
|pregnant
|-
|tesař
|carpenter
|-
|teta
|aunt
|-
|tisíc(í)
|one thousand (one thousandth)
|-
|titul
|title
|-
|tkadlec
|weaver
|-
|to
|it, this
|-
|tohoto roku
|of the current year
|-
|tolik
|so much, as much
|-
|tovaryš
|journeymen
|-
|třetí
|third
|-
|trh (tržiště)
|market
|-
|tři
|three
|-
|třicátý
|thirtieth
|-
|třicet
|thirty
|-
|třináct(ý)
|thirteen (thirteenth)
|-
|tři sta
|three hundred
|-
|třístý
|three hundredth
|-
|truhlář
|cabinetmaker
|-
|tu
|here
|-
|tuberkulóza
|tuberculosis
|-
|týden
|week
|-
|týdny
|weeks
|-
|tyfus břišní
|typhoid fever
|}


X _íjen, _íjna October
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


XI listopad, listopadu November
====U====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|u
|at, in
|-
|ubohý
|poor
|-
|učedník (učeň)
|apprentice
|-
|učitel
|teacher
|-
|údaj
|information
|-
|údolí
|valley
|-
|uherský
|Hungarian
|-
|uhlíř
|coal man
|-
|ukrajinský
|Ukrainian
|-
|ul. (ulice)
|street, road
|-
|uložený
|deposited
|-
|úmluva
|contract, agreement
|-
|umřel
|died
|-
|umřít
|to die
|-
|úmrtí
|death
|-
|úmrtní list
|death certificate
|-
|úmrtní matrika
|death register
|-
|únor
|February
|-
|úplavice
|dysentery
|-
|úřad
|office
|-
|úředník
|clerk, officer
|-
|urozený
|of noble birth
|-
|usedlík
|settler
|-
|ústní
|verbal, oral
|-
|úterý
|Tuesday
|-
|uveden
|known
|-
|už
|already
|-
|už ne
|no longer
|-
|uzavření
|contracting (of marriage)
|}


XII prosinec, prosince December


=== Days of the Week ===
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


'''Czech English'''
====V====
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
|-
! scope="col" |Czech
! scope="col" |English
|-
|v, ve
|in, on, at
|-
|valach
|ethnic identity, shepherd
|-
|valašský
|Valach (Moravian ethnic group)
|-
|Vás
|you
|-
|Váš
|your
|-
|včera
|yesterday
|-
|včerejší
|yesterday’s
|-
|vdala se
|married (to a man)
|-
|vdaná
|married (woman)
|-
|vdova
|widow
|-
|dova po Jozefovi
|widow of Jozef
|-
|vdovec
|widower
|-
|večer
|in the evening
|-
|vedle
|next to
|-
|věk
|age
|-
|velký
|big, great, large
|-
|velmožný
|magnate
|-
|ves
|village
|-
|vesnice
|village
|-
|vévodství
|duchy
|-
|viz
|see
|-
|vlast
|homeland
|-
|vlastní
|own, real, natural, self
|-
|vlastní jméno
|surname
|-
|vnučka
|granddaughter
|-
|vnuk
|grandson
|-
|voda
|water
|-
|voják
|soldier
|-
|vojenský
|military
|-
|vojsko
|military
|-
|vrchní
|upper
|-
|všechno
|all
|-
|vůbec ne
|not at all
|-
|východ
|east
|-
|vydaný
|published
|-
|vykonal
|performed, did, accomplished
|-
|výměnkář
|pensioner
|-
|výpis
|extract
|-
|výročí
|anniversary
|-
|vysoký
|high, tall
|-
|vyšší
|upper
|-
|vývod
|pedigree
|-
|vyznání
|religion
|-
|vždy
|always
|}


neděle Sunday


pondělí Monday
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


úterý Tuesday
====Z====


st_eda Wednesday
'''Z, Ž'''
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="40%"
_tvrtek Thursday
|-
 
! scope="col" |Czech
pátek Friday
! scope="col" |English
 
|-
sobota Saturday
|z, ze
 
|from, of (a place)
=== Times of the Day ===
|-
 
|žadný
Czech records may indicate the exact time when the birth, marriage, or death occurred. This is usually spelled out.
|no, none
 
|-
{| class="listing"
|žádost
|request
|-
|zahradník
|gardener
|-
|zákonný
|lawful, legal, legitimate
|-
|zámečník
|locksmith
|-
|zámek
|palace
|-
|zaměstnání
|employment
|-
|zánět mozku
|encephalitis
|-
|západ
|west
|-
|zápal plic
|pneumonia
|-
|září
|September
|-
|záškrt
|diphtheria
|-
|zasnoubení
|engagement (to marry)
|-
|zasnoubený
|betrothed, engaged
|-
|zasnoubit - se
|to become engaged
|-
|závěť
|will, testament
|-
|zde
|here
|-
|zdejší
|of this place
|-
|žebrák
|beggar
|-
|zedník
|bricklayer
|-
|zelený
|green
|-
|země
|earth
|-
|zemědělec
|peasant
|-
|zemřel
|died
|-
|zemské desky
|land tablets
|-
|žena
|woman, wife
|-
|ženatý
|married (to a woman)
|-
|ženich
|bridegroom
|-
|ženský
|female
|-
|žesnul
|died
|-
|zeť
|son-in-law
|-
|žid, židové
|Jew, Jewish
|-
|-
| Czech<br>
|židovský
| English<br>
|Jewish
| v deset hodin <br>
| at 10 o’clock <br>
|-
|-
| ráno <br>
|žijící
| in the morning <br>
|living
|-
|-
| dopoledne <br>
|zítra
| forenoon <br>
|tomorrow
|-
|-
| poledne / v poledne <br>
|život
| noon <br>
|life
|-
|-
| odpoledne <br>
|životopis
| afternoon <br>
|biography
|-
|-
| ve_er <br>
|zkoušená
| in the evening <br>
|tested
|-
|-
| v noci <br>
|žloutenka
| at night <br>
|jaundice
|-
|-
| p_lnoc / o p_lnoci <br>
|zničení
| midnight <br>
|destruction
|-
|-
| <br>
|znovu
| <br>
|again
|}
|}
 
{{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=no|side=yes|w=}}


[[Category:Czech]]
[[Category:Czechia Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Word_List]]

Latest revision as of 11:34, 12 June 2024

Czech Genealogical
Word List
Map of Czech Speaking Areas.png
Downloadable Word List
Handwriting Help
Associated Countries

Introduction

The Czech Genealogical Word List contains Czech words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Czech ancestors. Click here for the PDF version of the Czech Genealogical Word List.

If the word (or some form of it) you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Czech-English dictionary. See the Additional Resources section below.

Czech is a Slavic language derived from the West Slavic language family. Czech is related to Slovak and Polish and is used in the genealogical sources throughout Czechia. Czech is the language of Czechia and was the official language in the Czech lands of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia in the former Czechoslovakia. In addition, the Czech language may be found in the records of Czech communities in the United States, Canada, and other areas settled by Czechs.

Before 1918, the Czech lands were provinces of Austria, which, together with Hungary, constituted the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Records written before 1918 may be in German, Latin, or Czech. Czech records often contain German and Latin words. See the German Genealogical Word List and the Latin Genealogical Word List.

For Bohemian-German words, also consult Sudetendeutches Wörterbuch: Wörterbuch der Deutschen Mundarten in Böhmen und Mähren-Schlesien (not all volumes are available).

For explanations of the different peasant occupations in Czech records, consult Peasant Levels & Occupations.

Language Characteristics

Variant Forms of Words

In Czech, the forms of most words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who, whose, whom, or marry, marries, married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Czech, any word may have different forms, depending on how it is used. This word list gives the standard form of each Czech word. The endings of Czech words in a document often differ from what you find in this list.

Surnames

Surnames will have the added ending -ová or if the person referred to is female:

Surname
Novák
Pleva
Novotný

+ female ending
Nováková
Plevová
Novotná

Gender

Czech words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Adjectives used to describe the singular and plural forms of Czech words must have the proper masculine, feminine, or neuter endings:

starý muž
stará žena
staré město

old man
old woman
old city

staří muži
staré ženy
stará města

old men
old women
old cities

This word list gives only the singular masculine form of adjectives. Thus, starý, stará, staré, and staří (all forms of “old”) are listed here as starý.

The endings of past tense verbs also change, depending on the gender and number of the subject:

narodil se
narodila se
narodilo se
narodili(y) se

he was born
she was born
it (the child) was born
they were born

This word list gives only the narodil se (“he was born”) form of the past tense verb. You can conclude that narodila se means “she was born,” etc.

Plurals

Plural forms of Czech words usually change the singular word:

Words ending in -a change to -y:
žena woman / wife ženy women / wives

Words ending in -o change to -a:
město city města cities

Words ending in -e and do not change:
ulice street ulice streets

Words ending in a consonant add -y. A few words add -i, -ové, or -e to form the plural:

list
muž

page
man

listy
muži

pages
men

The plural form may change the basic word:

dítě
bratr
zámek

child
brother
palace

děti
bratři
zámky

children
brothers
palaces

Grammatical Use

The endings of Czech words can also vary, depending on the grammatical use of the words. Czech grammar requires a different ending for a word used as a subject, a possessive, an object, or with a preposition. Czech words fall into several classes, each with its own set of grammatical endings. Certain possessive endings give the meaning “of” to a word.

  • Nouns change the endings to show possession.

Nouns ending with a consonant add -a or -e:

bratr
muž

brother
man

bratra
muže

of brother
of man

Nouns ending with -a add -y:
sestra sister sestry of sister

Nouns ending with -o add -a:
město city města of city

Plural masculine nouns change to :
muži husbands mužů of husbands

Plural feminine or neuter nouns drop the last vowel:
ženy wife žen of wives

  • Adjectives change the endings to show possession.

Adjectives ending in change to -ého:
narozený born narozeného of the born

Adjectives ending in change to :
křtěná baptized křtěné of the baptized

Adjectives ending in change to -ého:
neznámé unknown neznámého of the unknown

Adjectives ending in change to -ího:
první first prvního of the first

Plural adjectives ending in or add -ch:

zemřelý
erbovní

deceased
heraldic

zemřelých
erbovních

of the deceased
of the heraldic

These examples show some endings in context:

Syn zemřelého Josefa Nováka a Anny Plevové means “son of the deceased Josef Novák and of Anna Plevová (Pleva).”

Manželství mezi Karlem Václavem Havlem a Barborou Marií Kozárovou means “marriage between Karel Václav Havel and Barbora Marie Kozárová (Kozár).”

For charts of Czech patterns of declension see this article on Wikipedia.

In genealogical sources surnames may also be spelled in the language of the the text. In German text, Czech surnames may be spelled according to German phonetics. So Černý may be spelled Tscherny. Or, German names can be spelled in Czech phonetics, so Schmidt may be spelled Šmid. Surnames can also be translated into the language of the text. Smith, for example could be translated as Schmidt (German), Kovař (Czech), Kovács (Hungarian), or Faber (Latin).

Prepositions

Prepositions also change the grammatical case of the word(s) following them. Some of the most common prepositions you may encounter in genealogical records are:

z or ze means from > followed by genitive case

u means nearby (often used in place names) > followed by genitive case

s or se means with > followed by instrumental case

v or ve means in > followed by locative case

po means after, but also used in the sense of widow of > followed by locative case

mezi means between > followed by instrumental case

nad means above (often used in place names) > followed by instrumental case

pod means below > followed by instrumental case

před means before > followed by instrumental case


Alphabetical Order

Written Czech uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet: á, č, ď, é, ě, í, ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ,ú, ů, ý, ž. The letter combination ch is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after h. Letters q, w, and x are used only in words of foreign origin. Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:

a,á b c,č d,ď e,é,ě f g h ch i,í j k l m n,ň o,ó p (q) r,ř s,š t,ť u,ú,ů v (w) (x) y,ý z,ž

This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order. However, when you work with alphabetized Czech records, use the Czech alphabetical order.

Spelling

Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. In Czech, the following spelling variations are common:

i, y and j used interchangeably
s and z used interchangeably
w used for v
rz used for ř
sz used for š
cz used for č

In Czech words are pronounced as they are written.


Additional Resources

  • Czechia Reading Aids Translated examples of birth, marriage, and death records, both civil registration and church records, in both German and Czech.


This word list includes the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Czech-English dictionary. Several are available at the FamilySearch Library in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 491.86321. The following dictionary is helpful when you do genealogical research and is available through most bookstores which carry Czech books:

  • Fronek, Josef. Anglicko-český, česko-anglický slovník. (English-Czech, Czech-English dictionary). Praha: Leda, 2003, c1998. (FS Library book 491.86321)

The following dictionary is also available on microfilm and microfiche for use in FamilySearch Centers:

  • Cheshire, Harold T. Česko-anglický slovník. (Czech-English Dictionary). Praha: J. Otto, 1935. (FS Library book 491.86321 C424c; film 1181683 item 1-2; fiche 6001286-6001287).

Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the FamilySearch Catalog under CZECH LANGUAGE—DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under CZECH REPUBLIC—LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES. These include other dictionaries and language helps, such as Czech grammar books.

You could also use an online translator such as Google translate.

Key Words

In order to find and use specific types of Czech records, you will need to know some key words in Czech. This section gives key genealogical terms in English with Czech translations. For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Czech words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Czech records to indicate marriage.

English Czech
baptism, baptisms křest, křty, křestní, křtít, křtil, pokřtil
birth, births narození, narozený, rodný, narodil se
burial, burials pohřeb, pohřby
Catholic římsko-katolický
census sčítání lidu
child dítě, děcko, děťátko
christenings (see baptism)
civil registry státní matriky
day den
death, deaths úmrtí, smrt, úmrtní, umřel, zemřít, zemřel, zesnul, skonal
father otec, otcové, otce, táta, taťka, tatík, tatínek
husband manžel, choť, muž
index seznam, rejstřík, index
Jewish židovský
marriage, marriages sňatek, sňatky, manželství, svatba, oddavky, oddací, oddaný, oddat, oženil se (man), vdala se (woman)
military vojsko, vojenský
month měsíc
mother matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka
name, given (křestní) jméno
name, surname příjmení, rodné jméno, vlastní jméno
parent, parents rodič, rodiče
parish farnost, fara
Protestant protestantský, evangelický
week týden
wife manželka, choť, žena
year rok

Numbers

In some genealogical records, numbers are spelled out. This is especially true with dates. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. In actual usage, days of the month are written in ordinal form with a possessive grammatical ending. In the following list, the ordinal number in its standard form is given first, followed by the possessive form (in some cases only the possessive ending is listed):

pátý - the fifth pátého - on the fifth (of the month)

Cardinal Ordinal

1 jeden, jedna, jedno 1st první, prvního
2 dva, dvě 2nd druhý, druhého
3 tři 3rd třetí, třetího
4 čtyři 4th čtvrtý, čtvrtého
5 pět 5th pátý, pátého
6 šest 6th šestý, šestého
7 sedm 7th sedmý, sedmého
8 osm 8th osmý, osmého
9 devět 9th devátý, devátého
10 deset 10th desátý, desátého
11 jedenáct 11th jedenáctý, -ého
12 dvanáct 12th dvanáctý, -ého
13 třináct 13th třináctý, -ého
14 čtrnáct 14th čtrnáctý, -ého
15 patnáct 15th patnáctý, -ého
16 šestnáct 16th šestnáctý, -ého
17 sedmnáct 17th sedmnáctý, -ého
18 osmnáct 18th osmnáctý, -ého
19 devatenáct 19th devatenáctý, -ého
20 dvacet 20th dvacátý, -ého
21 dvacet jeden, -jedna, -jedno 21st dvacátý první, dvacátého prvního
22 dvacet dva 22nd dvacátý druhý, dvacátého druhého
23 dvacet tři 23rd dvacátý třetí, dvacátého třetího
24 dvacet čtyři 24th dvacátý čtvrtý, dvacátého čtvrtého
25 dvacet pět 25th dvacátý pátý, dvacátého pátého
26 dvacet šest 26th dvacátý šestý,dvacátého šestého
27 dvacet sedm 27th dvacátý sedmý, dvacátého sedmého
28 dvacet osm 28th dvacátý osmý, dvacátého osmého
29 dvacet devět 29th dvacátý devátý, dvacátého devátého
30 třicet 30th třicátý, třicátého
40 čtyřicet 40th čtyřicátý, -ého
50 padesát 50th padesátý, -ého
60 šedesát 60th šedesátý, -ého
70 sedmdesát 70th sedmdesátý, -ého
80 osmdesát 80th osmdesátý, -ého
90 devadesát 90th devadesátý, -ého
100 sto 100th stý, -ého
200 dvěstě 200th dvoustý, -ého
300 třista 300th třístý, -ého
400 čtyřista 400th čtyřistý, -ého
500 pětset 500th pětistý, -ého
600 šestset 600th šestistý, -ého
700 sedmset 700th sedmistý, -ého
800 osmset 800th osmistý, -ého
900 devětset 900th devítistý, -ého
1000 tisíc 1000th tisící, -ího

Date and Time

To understand Czech dates, use the following lists as well as the preceding “Numbers” section. In Czech records, dates are occasionally spelled out. Dates are usually given with possessive grammatical endings:

  • dvacátého osmého srpna, jeden tisíc osm set padesát dva
  • [on the twenty-eighth of August, one thousand eight hundred fifty and two] 28 August 1852

Months of the Year

Czech dates are always given in day-month-year order. Months are often abbreviated using a Roman numeral.

For example, 25 February 1848 could be written as:
25. února 1848
25. 2. 1848
25. II. 1848

The months listed below are shown in their standard form and in the possessive form used in writing dates:

Roman Numeral Czech English
I leden, ledna January
II únor, února February
III březen, března March
IV duben, dubna April
V květen, května May
VI červen, června June
VII červenec, července July
VIII srpen, srpna August
IX září September
X říjen, října October
XI listopad, listopadu November
XII prosinec, prosince December

Days of the Week

Czech English
neděle Sunday
pondělí Monday
úterý Tuesday
středa Wednesday
čtvrtek Thursday
pátek Friday
sobota Saturday

Times of the Day

Czech records may indicate the exact time when the birth, marriage, or death occurred. This is usually spelled out.

Czech English
v deset hodin at 10 o’clock
ráno in the morning
dopoledne forenoon
poledne/ v poledne noon
odpoledne afternoon
večer in the evening
v noci at night
půlnoc/ o půlnoci midnight

General Word List

This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list. In this list, optional versions of Czech words or variable endings (such as some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Some Czech phrases and their translations are listed [in brackets] under the most significant Czech word, not the first word, of the phrase. Words in parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.

Czech English

A

Czech English
a and
A. C. Augsburg Confession
A. V. Augsburské vzynání, Augsburg Confesson
aby so that
adoptovaný adopted
adresář directory
ale but
ani not even
archív archive
asi perhaps, about, maybe, circa
atd. and so forth


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

B

Czech English
bába (babina, babička) grandmother (also used for midwife)
badatel researcher
bakalář student
baráčník cottager
barvíř dyer
běhavka diarrhea
běloruský Belorussian
berní ruly tax lists
bez without
bezdětný childless
bezejmenný unnamed, nameless
bílý white
biřmování confirmations
biskup bishop
blízký near
blížně, blížěňata twin, twins
bojiště, na bojišti battlefield, on the battlefield
bolest pain
Boží the Lord’s
bratr, bratři brother, brothers
bratranec cousin (male)
březen March
bude he will, she will, it will
budou they will
Bůh the Lord
bydlící residing
bydliště residence
byl, byla, bylo was
byli, byly were
být to be
bývalý former, the late (deceased)


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

C

C, Č

Czech English
číslo number
cajkař weaver
čas time
časopis magazine, periodical
část part, portion
často often
cech guild
čeledín groom (person employed to clean/look after horses)
celý entire
census census
černý black
červen June
červenec July
červený red
Český Czech, Bohemian
cesta road
cestář road-mender, wayman
cestovní pas passport
chalupník cottager, poor peasant
chce he wants
chlap peasant, country fellow
chlapec boy
choroba disease
choť spouse
cihlář brick maker
cikán gypsy
církev church
císařský imperial
císařství empire
cizí foreign, strange
číslo běžně running number (as in a list)
číslo domu house number
cizozemský foreign
člen member
co what
čtrnáct(ý) fourteen (fourteenth)
čtvrtek Thursday
čtvrtláník farmer (quarter-land holder)
čtvrtý fourth
čtyři four
čtyřicátý fortieth
čtyřicet forty
čtyři sta four hundred
čtyřstý four hundredth
cukrovka diabetes


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

D

Czech English
daně taxation
dar donation
datum date
dcera, dcery daughter, daughters
děcko child
děd (děda, dědek, dědeček) grandfather, old man
dědic heir
dědictví heritage, inheritance
dějiny history
děkanát deanery, division of a diocese
dělník laborer, worker
den day
desátek tithing, a tenth
desátý tenth
deset ten
děťátko little child
děti children
devadesát(ý) ninety (ninetieth)
devatenáct(ý) nineteen (nineteenth)
devátý ninth
děvče (děvčina) girl
devět nine
devět set nine hundred
devítistý nine hundredth
díl portion, share, volume
diecéze diocese
dítě child
dítěte of the child
dívka (dívčina) girl
dle according to
dlouhý long
dne on the day
dnes today
dnešní today's
do to, into
doba time, period
dobrý good
dodatek supplement, addition
doklad document
dolní lower
doma at home
domkář cottager
domovský list residency certificate
dopis letter, correspondence
dříve previously
dřívější former
druhého on the second
druhopis duplicate
druhý second
duben April
Duch (po svatém Duchu) spirit (after Pentecost)
důchodce pensioner
důkaz proof
dům house
duplikát duplicate
dva two
dvacátý twentieth
dvacátý čtvrtý twenty-fourth
dvacátý devátý twenty-ninth
dvacátý druhý twenty-second
dvacátý osmý twenty-eighth
dvacátý pátý twenty-fifth
dvacátý první twenty-first
dvacátý sedmý twenty-seventh
dvacátý šestý twenty-sixth
dvacátý třetí twenty-third
dvacet twenty
dvacet čtyři twenty-four
dvacet devět twenty-nine
dvacet dva twenty-two
dvacet jeden twenty-one
dvacet osm twenty-eight
dvacet pět twenty-five
dvacet sedm twenty-seven
dvacet šest twenty-six
dvacet tři twenty-three
dvanáct(ý) twelve (twelfth)
dvě two
dvě stě two hundred
dvojče, dvojčata twin, twins
dvoustý two hundredth
dvůr court


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

E

Czech English
emigrace emigration
erb coat of arms
erbovní heraldic
erbovnictví heraldry
evangelický Evangelical, Lutheran, Protestant


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

F

Czech English
fara parish
farář pastor, parish priest
farní úřad parish office
farnost parish


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

G

FOREIGN LANGUAGE English
genealogický strom family tree
genealogie genealogy
grunt family property
gruntovní knihy land records
gruntovník farmer, land holder
gubernie Russian province


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

H

Czech English
H.C. Helvetic Confession (vzynání)
havíř coal miner
hejtmanství political district
heraldika heraldry
historie history
hlavní main
ho him
hodina hour
hodný worthy
holič barber
hora mountain, hill
horečka fever
horní upper
horník miner
hospodář farmer (self sustaining)
hospodářství farm
hostinský innkeeper
hrad castle
hranice border, boundary
hřbitov cemetery
hrob grave
hrnčíř potter


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

I

Czech Englishsor
i and
imigrace immigration
informace information


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

J

Czech English
jak how, as
jako as, like
jaký what kind of
jazyk language
je he is, she is, it is
jeden, -na, -no a, an, one
jedenáct(ý) eleven (eleventh)
jedináček the only child
jeho his, its
její her
jejich their
jen only, just
ještě still, yet
ještě ne not yet
jezero lake
jih south
jinak též alias
jindy at another time
jiný other, different
jitro morning
již already
jméno name, given name= křestní jméno
jmenovitě that means, namely
jsou they are
Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

K

Czech English
k to, for
kalendář calendar
kam to where
kameník mason
kaple chapel
kašel cough
katolický Catholic
kazatel preacher
každý each, every
kde where
kdo who
kdy (když) when
kilometr kilometer
klášter convent, monastery
klempíř tinsmith
kmotr godfather
kmotra godmother
kmotři godparents
kněz priest
kniha, knihy book, books
knihovna library
koho whom
kojenec suckling
kolem about, approximately
kominík chimney sweep
konec end
konečný final, last
konto account
konverze conversion
kostel church
koupil he bought
kovář smith
koželuh tanner
kraj region, area
král king
královna queen
královský royal
království kingdom
krát times
křeče cramps, convulsions
krejčí tailor (male)
křest christening, baptism
křestní jméno given name
křestní list christening (baptismal) certificate
krevní blood relation
kronika, kroniky chronicle, chronicles
křtřnec the one christened, baptized
křtěný christened, baptized
křtícího of the baptizer
křtil have christened, baptized
křtu of the christening
křty christenings, baptisms
krvácení bleeding, hemorrhage
který who, which
kupec shopkeeper, merchant
kumšt trade, occupation
květen May


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

L

Czech English
lán a measure of land
laník landholder
latinský Latin
lázně spa, spring, bath
leden January
lékař physician
les forest, woods
lesník forester
leštiř skla polisher of glass
léta (let) years
letopočet date
letos this year
levoboček illegitimate child
levý left
lidé (lid) people
list certificate, page
listina legal document
listopad November
loď ship, boat
loni last year
lože status of legitimacy, bed
lože manželské legitimate
lože nemanželské illegitimate


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

M

Czech English
he has, she has, it has
macecha stepmother
maďarský Hungarian
majetek property
majetný wealthy, property owning
mají they have
malíř painter
malý small, little
máma (matka, mamka, maminka) mother
manžel husband
manželé married couple
manželka wife
manželský legitimate
manželství marriage
mapa map
matka, matky, máma, mamka, maminka mother
matrika, matriky vital records, church records, parish registers
matrika narozených birth register
matrika oddaných marriage register
matrika zemřelých death register
měl, -a, -o he had, she had, it had
menší lesser, smaller, shorter
měsíc month
měščan burgher, citizen
měsťan burgher, citizen
město town, city
mezi between
místní local
místo place, locality
místo bydliště place of residence
místopisný slovník gazetteer
mistr master craftsman
mít to have
ml. (mladší) younger, junior
mládenec young man
starý mládenec bachelor
mladý young
mlýn mill
mlynář miller
modlitba prayer
modrý blue
moravský Moravian
most bridge
mrtvě narozený stillborn
mrtvý dead
mu to him
muž man, husband
mužský male
myslivec hunter


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

N

Czech English
na on, at, around
náb. religion
náboženství religion
nad on the, above, upon
nádeník day worker, day laborer
náhrobek gravestone
nájemník renter, tenant
nalezenec foundling
nám to us
nar. birth, was born
narodil se was born
národní national
narození birth
narozený born
nás us
náš (naše) our
následující next
ne (ne-) no, not
nebo or
nebožtík the deceased
nedaleko not far from
neděle Sunday
nedostatek lack of
nejmladší youngest
nejstarší oldest, eldest
nekatolík non-Catholic
nemanželský illegitimate
německý German
nemluvně infant
nemoc disease
není is not
neštovice small pox
neteř niece
neuvedeno not mentioned
nevěsta bride
nevlastní step- (as in stepmother, stepsister, and so forth)
nevolník vassal, serf
nevyskytuje se does not appear
nezletilý not of legal age, minor
neznámý unknown
nic nothing
nikdy never
nízký low, short
nižší lower
noc night
novomanželé newlyweds
novorozenec newborn
nový new
nynější this, the present


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

O

Czech English
o about, concerning
oba (obě) both
občan citizen
občanství citizenship
obchodník merchant
obdržel received
obec, obce community, communities
oblastní archív regional archive
obřad rite, ceremony
obřezání (obřízka) circumcision
obsah content
obuvník shoemaker
obyvatel inhabitant, resident, citizen
obyvatelstvo population
od from, since
odbytý performed
oddací list marriage certificate
oddací matrika marriage register
oddaný married
oddat to marry
oddavky marriage
odkud from where
odpoledne in the afternoon
odpovědět to reply
ohlášený announced, published
ohlášky banns
okamžitě right away, immediately
okolo about, around
okres district, county
on, -a, -o, -i, -y he, she, it, they
osada community
osm(ý) eight (eighth)
osmdesát(ý) eighty (eightieth)
osmistý eight hundredth
osmnáct(ý) eighteen (eighteenth)
osm set eight hundred
osoba person
osobní personal
otčím stepfather
otec, otcové father, fathers
ovčák shepherd
ovdovělá widowed
ovdovělý widowered
oženěný married (man)
oženil se married a woman


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

P

Czech English
pacholek farm servant
padesát(ý) fifty (fiftieth)
pan sir, Mr., Lord
paní lady, Mrs.
panna maiden, Miss, virgin
stará panna old maiden, spinster
pastýř herdsman
pátek Friday
patnáct(ý) fifteen, fifteenth
patrimoniální knihy patrimonial books
pátý fifth
pečeť seal
pekař baker
pěstoun foster father
pěstounka foster mother
pět five
pětistý five hundredth
pět set five hundred
pevnost fortress
písaář scribe
plnoletnost age of consent, legal age, majority
plnoletý of legal age
plný full, complete
po (potom) after
po svatém Duchu (po sv. Duchu) after Pentecost
pobyt residence
pochovat buried
pod under
poddaný serf
podepsaný the undersigned
podepsat to sign, to undersign, to witness a signature
podle according to
podobný similar
podpis signature
podpora assistance
podruh farm laborer
pohlaví gender, sex
pohřbený buried
pohřeb, pohřby burial, burials
pohrobek posthumous child
pokřtěný christened
pokřtil have christened, baptized
poledne noon
polský Polish
pomoc help
politický okres political district
pondělí Monday
popálenina burn
popis description
poplatek fee, cost
populace population
porod childbirth, labor
porodní bába midwife
poručník guardian
poslední final, last
poslední pomazání last rites
poslední vůle last will, testament
potok stream
potomek descendant
povolání occupation, profession
povolení permission
požehnání blessing
pozemkové knihy land books
poznámky remarks
pozůstalý left behind, surviving
pra great
prabába (prababička) great-grandmother
pracovitý diligent, hard working
praděda (pradědeček) great-grandfather
prarodiče grandparents
prastrýc great uncle
prateta great aunt
pravděpodobně in all likelihood, probably
právní legal
právo law
pravoslavný orthodox
pravý right, true
pražský pertaining to Prague
před before, in front of
předek ancestor
předešlý previous
předevčírem day before yesterday
předtím before
přesnř exactly
přibližný approximate
příbuzný related, relative
příčina cause, reason
příjmení surname, last name
příslušnost relationship
příslušný appropriate
příští next
přítel friend (male)
přítelkyně friend (female)
přítomnost presence
přízvisko surname
pro for
proč why
prohlášení proclamation/banns/statement
prosba request
prosíme we request
prosinec December
protestantský Protestant
proti against
protože because
provdala - se she married
průjem diarrhea
pruský Prussian
první first
prvorozený firstborn
prý said to be
psát to write
psotník infantile convulsions
půl half
půlláník farmer (half-land holder)
půlnoc midnight
původ origin, parentage


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

R

R, Ř

Czech English
r. (roku) year
radnice city hall
rakouský Austrian
rakovina cancer
ráno in the morning
rejstřík list, index
řeka river
řemeslník tradesman
řemeslo trade
rešerše genealogical research
řezník butcher
říjen October
římsko-katolický Roman Catholic
robotník laborer, vassal
roč. (ročník) year (of book)
roce year
roční annual
rod family, clan, descent, lineage
rodem maiden name
rodič, rodiče parent, parents
rodina family
rodiště birthplace
rodná matrika birth register
rodné jméno surname
rodný list birth certificate
rodokmen pedigree, family tree, lineage
rodopis genealogy
rok year
roky (roků) years
rolník peasant
rovněž also, too
roz. (rozená) maiden name
rozvedený divorced
rozvod divorce
ruský Russian, Ruthenian, Ukrainian
různý various
rybář fisherman
rychtář village magistrate
rynek marketplace
rytíř knight


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

S

S, Š

Czech English
s, se with
samota hamlet
sčítání lidu census
sdělení report
sdělujeme Vám we inform you
šedesát(ý) sixty (sixtieth)
sedlák farmer (large farm)
sedm(ý) seven (seventh)
sedmdesát(ý) seventy (seventieth)
sedmistý seven hundredth
sedmnáct(ý) seventeen (seventeenth)
sedm set seven hundred
šenkýř tavern keeper
šest(ý) six (sixth)
šestistý six hundredth
šestnáct(ý) sixteen (sixteenth)
sestra sister
sestřenice cousin (female)
šestset six hundred
sever north
seznam list, index, directory
sice namely, or
sirotek (sirota) orphan
škola school
slabost weakness, sickness
slabý weak
slavný famous
šlechta nobility
šlechtic nobleman
slečna miss
slezský Silesian
slovenský Slovak
slovník dictionary
sluha servant (male)
služba service
služka (služebná) servant (female)
smlouva contract, agreement
smrt death
snacha daughter-in-law
snad perhaps
sňatek, sňatky marriage, marriages
snoubenec fiancé, betrothed, groom
snoubenka fiancée, betrothed, bride
sobota Saturday
souchotiny consumption
soud court
soudce judge
souhlas consent
sourozenci siblings; brothers and sisters
soused, sousedé neighbor, neighbors, property owner,

in villages: status similar to a burgher/citizen in town

spála scarlet fever
spalničky measles
společně together
společnost society
srpen August
stará panna old maid, spinster
staroba old age
starosta mayor
starší older, elder, senior
starý old
starý mládenec bachelor
stát state
statek farm
státní matriky civil registry
stav marital status, condition
sto hundred
stolař cabinet maker
století century
str. (strana) page, side
střed, -ní central, middle, average
středa Wednesday
strýc uncle
stý one hundredth
sv. (svazek) volume, number
švadlena seamstress
švagr brother-in-law
švagrová sister-in-law
svatba wedding
svatební marital, of marriage
svatební oznámení wedding announcement
svátek holiday
svatý holy
švec shoemaker
svědek witness
svobodný unmarried, single
svolení consent
svůj, svá, své his own, her own
syn, synové son, sons
synagóga synagogue
synovec nephew


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

T

T, Ť

Czech English
tady here
tak zvaný so called
také also
tam there
tamější of that place
táta (tatík, taťka, tatínek) father
tchán father-in-law
tchýně mother-in-law
těhotenství pregnancy
těhotná pregnant
tesař carpenter
teta aunt
tisíc(í) one thousand (one thousandth)
titul title
tkadlec weaver
to it, this
tohoto roku of the current year
tolik so much, as much
tovaryš journeymen
třetí third
trh (tržiště) market
tři three
třicátý thirtieth
třicet thirty
třináct(ý) thirteen (thirteenth)
tři sta three hundred
třístý three hundredth
truhlář cabinetmaker
tu here
tuberkulóza tuberculosis
týden week
týdny weeks
tyfus břišní typhoid fever


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

U

Czech English
u at, in
ubohý poor
učedník (učeň) apprentice
učitel teacher
údaj information
údolí valley
uherský Hungarian
uhlíř coal man
ukrajinský Ukrainian
ul. (ulice) street, road
uložený deposited
úmluva contract, agreement
umřel died
umřít to die
úmrtí death
úmrtní list death certificate
úmrtní matrika death register
únor February
úplavice dysentery
úřad office
úředník clerk, officer
urozený of noble birth
usedlík settler
ústní verbal, oral
úterý Tuesday
uveden known
already
už ne no longer
uzavření contracting (of marriage)


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

V

Czech English
v, ve in, on, at
valach ethnic identity, shepherd
valašský Valach (Moravian ethnic group)
Vás you
Váš your
včera yesterday
včerejší yesterday’s
vdala se married (to a man)
vdaná married (woman)
vdova widow
dova po Jozefovi widow of Jozef
vdovec widower
večer in the evening
vedle next to
věk age
velký big, great, large
velmožný magnate
ves village
vesnice village
vévodství duchy
viz see
vlast homeland
vlastní own, real, natural, self
vlastní jméno surname
vnučka granddaughter
vnuk grandson
voda water
voják soldier
vojenský military
vojsko military
vrchní upper
všechno all
vůbec ne not at all
východ east
vydaný published
vykonal performed, did, accomplished
výměnkář pensioner
výpis extract
výročí anniversary
vysoký high, tall
vyšší upper
vývod pedigree
vyznání religion
vždy always


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z

Z

Z, Ž

Czech English
z, ze from, of (a place)
žadný no, none
žádost request
zahradník gardener
zákonný lawful, legal, legitimate
zámečník locksmith
zámek palace
zaměstnání employment
zánět mozku encephalitis
západ west
zápal plic pneumonia
září September
záškrt diphtheria
zasnoubení engagement (to marry)
zasnoubený betrothed, engaged
zasnoubit - se to become engaged
závěť will, testament
zde here
zdejší of this place
žebrák beggar
zedník bricklayer
zelený green
země earth
zemědělec peasant
zemřel died
zemské desky land tablets
žena woman, wife
ženatý married (to a woman)
ženich bridegroom
ženský female
žesnul died
zeť son-in-law
žid, židové Jew, Jewish
židovský Jewish
žijící living
zítra tomorrow
život life
životopis biography
zkoušená tested
žloutenka jaundice
zničení destruction
znovu again


Words starting with:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V X Y Z