Germany Websites: Difference between revisions

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 13:24, 23 March 2024

Germany Wiki Topics

Germany Beginning Research

Record Types

Germany Background

Germany Genealogical Word Lists

Cultural Groups

Cultural Groups

Local Research Resources

Germany

Websites

Guide to websites for family history sources that assist in finding genealogy records for German ancestors.

See also German Research a free, in-depth online course through Brigham Young University, by Larry Jensen.

See also German Online Genealogy Records, an article listing websites with actual genealogical data about individual people. Databases there cover material from all over Germany as it exists today.

See also Germany Genealogy wiki, for further explanations of each of these topics, and tips on their use.

Biographies

NDB,NEW GERMAN BIOGRAPHY, Historical and biographical information resources

Blogs

Central Europe Genealogy Research Community

Calendars

Classes

Colonies

German Colonies

Dictionaries, see Language and Handwriting Helps

Emigration, Immigration, and Passenger Lists

Ancestry.com Public Member Trees Ancestry’s web several important emigration indexes, and passenger lists.
German Roots Emigration Website List
U.S. and German passenger lists and indexes
Regional Lists and Indexes of Emigrants
Lists of emigrants from individual towns
Lists of Germans immigrating to Brazil, in Portuguese.
German immigrants to Chile
Wiki Article:Internet Resources for Finding 19th Century German Emigrants

Finding Parish Registers

Priests at each church recorded baptisms (christenings), marriages, and burial events in parish registers. These records help prove birth, marriage, and death, parentage, and spouse names. German parish registers sometimes include move-in and move-out data.

Parish Register Inventories

Parish register inventories list existing, known parish registers, the years covered, and the repository where they are kept.

Online German Gazetteers and Parish Register Inventories

PDF Archive Inventory- an inventory of localities with the location or archive where the records should be found. Corresponding list of archives named in inventory is at Archive Addresses Please note that in the second column, with the heading of "key" matches the Archive "number" in the first link which contains the database.
Finding parish registers for formerly eastern Germany areas now in other countries
Matricula -International site dedicated to making digitized church records available online. As of June 2009 available records include 1. Catholic parish registers of the Diocese of St. Pölten, Austria 2. One parish in Passau, Bavaria, Germany 3. Evangelical records of parishes in the Gelnhausen, Hessen-Nassau, Germany area 4. Evangelical records of sixteen parishes in the Rhineland region, Germany Most of these records have not been filmed by the Family History Department.
Virtuell.de - Parish registers of the Bayreuth, Bavaria, Lutheran Archive. The “virtual reading room” allows access to scanned images of over 30 parish registers. The user joins an association and pays yearly dues (30 Euros in 2009) plus modest additional monthly fees for access to specific records.
Landesarchiv Baden-Wuerttemberg – Digitized microfilms of Jewish birth, marriage, and death records from Baden, Wuerttemberg, and Hohenzollern available through the Landesarchiv Baden-Wuerttemberg. This collection complements similar records available through the FamilySearch Library
Landesarchiv Baden-Wuerttemberg - Digitized parish register dup licates 1810-1870. Organized by court district, then by parish.
Lippe-Detmold Gives parish jurisdictions for even the smallest villages
Franz Blanckmeister, Die Kirchenbuecher im Koenigreich Sachsen, 1901
Alphabetical listing of localities and parish addresses in Saxony
Schleswig-Holstein: Place Names List of places in former Prussian province keyed to the parish.
List of Schleswig-Holstein church districts with archive addresses etc.
Westpruessen list of towns including their Catholic, Lutheran and civil registry jurisdictions], click on “Ortsverzeichnis” in the bottom left bar under the heading “Forschungshilfen”. This brings up a dialogue box in which to enter the place name. In German.

Church Archives and Contact Information

Parish Registers Online

Archion Online Church Records
Ancestry.com Public Member Trees Ancestry’s web site contains indexes and images of many sources, including vital records.,

Regional Collections

Finding parish registers for formerly eastern Germany areas now in other countries

Gazetteers

A gazetteer (Ortzeichnis or Topographie) is a dictionary of placenames. Gazetteers may also provide additional information about towns, such as: population size, the different religious denominations, the schools, colleges, and universities,major manufacturing works, canals, docks, and railroad stations. Gazetteers can help you find the places where your family lived and determine the civil and church jurisdictions over those places.

Germany gazetteers wiki article

For more extensive information and tips on using gazetteers, see Germany Gazetteers on the Wiki.

GOV-Genealogical gazetteer

The GOV, The Historic Gazetteer, is useful for initial place name identification. This search is exact. Wild cards can’t be used, but to some extent it is possible to search for parts of names. Example: “Offenb” brings up Offenbach, Offenburg, Offenbüttel etc… The search term may be found in any part of the place name, not just at the beginning, but the results may not be complete. It may be advantageous to repeat the search with a different search term. Example: When “zim” is entered as a search term, 167 hits come up, including Groß-Zimmern (with hyphen) and Niederzimmern (without hyphen), but not Herrenzimmern. However, a search for “Herrenz” brings up Herrenzimmern, but a search for “renz” does not.

In the GOV each locality is given a unique identity number and identified by type, postal code, and associated places. A diagram shows super-ordinate objects, such as the parish, county, region etc., by time period. The entry may link to an article in the GenWiki about the locality and to various maps.

Other Gazetteers

Gazetteer for the German Empire of 1900, gazetteer of Gemeinden--To use, click on the state, choose the region, then the county. A list of Gemeinden will come up. A Gemeinde is a civil entity comparable to a U.S. township and may include one or more parishes.
FamilySearch: A digital copy of Meyers Gazetteer is found online in two volumes: online part 1 A-K, FamilySearch Digital Library; part 2 L-Z , FamilySearch Digital Library. Where to find Meyer's gazetteer See "Step-by-step guide: Using Meyers Gazetteer Online" for detailed user instructions. An abbreviated guide to locating place names and jurisdictions in Meyers Gazetteer is found here.
The Genealogisches Ortsverzeichnis (GOV)
For areas east of the Oder-Neisse rivers, Kartenmeister provides church- and civil jurisdictions
JewishGen gazetteer has several search options, including “contains”. Be sure to change the country and choose a search option.
Deutsch-Fremdsprachiges Ortsnamenverzeichnis place name changes for formerly German localities as of June 1919,
Orbis Latinus (1909 edition - English interface) – Latinized place names. Several volumes/editions are available on multiple websites: 1972 four-volume combined set version
A number of gazetteers and parish register inventories are available in the Digital Library-Geographie, Kartographie, Topographie of the German Society for Computer Genealogy. New titles are added regularly.
Prussian (Preussen) Gazetteer
Various volumes of the Gemeindelexikon Preußen (1885, 1895, or 1905 editions) are also available on Digital Library-Geographie, Kartographie, Topographie
An index of German-Polish and Polish-German localities
German-speaking Location Databases

Regional gazetteers and parish register inventories

For an extensive list of regional gazetteers and parish register inventories, click on this link.

The German DigiBib [Digital Library] continually adds new gazetteers and maps to its collection, so it’s worth checking there first. Access it through www.genealogy.net/genealogy by clicking on the tab “DigiBib”, or directly through Portal DigiBib . Choose “Pfarr- und Kirchenbuchverzeichnisse” for parish listings and parish register inventories, or „Ortslexika, Topografien, Statistiken etc.” for gazetteers and geographical descriptions.

Genealogy

This section lists databases of compiled genealogy, family pedigrees and group records, submitted by other researchers.

Ahnenforschung.net - German genealogical forum and link list
DigiBib - Digital Library on genealogy.net
German Association of Professional Genealogists
GedBas Collection of GEDCOM files submitted by other researchers
FamilySearch Genealogies
Ancestry.com Public Member Trees Ancestry’s web site contains submitted name data bases
MyHeritage Family Trees
Google As keywords, use the surname, locality, and "genealogy" or "family records"
Heritage Quest, census indexes and census images as well as other records (as accessible at the FamilySearch Library)
Batchnumber index for IGI

General Resources

Retrobibliothek includes Meyers Konversationslexikon, 4th ed. 1888 -1889, and other general reference works, fully searchable online
GermanRoots - Resources for German genealogy on the Internet
Association of German-speaking Professional Genealogists
The World Fact book with regional maps, flags, guides to countries and current news
Finding Genealogy Records from the Former German East (Many-Roads.com)
German/Prussian Genealogy help (Many-Roads.com)

Geography and Maps

Mapping Europe's Historic Boundaries and Borders
Maps of the German Empire
Ravenstein Atlas of the German Empire
Kartenmeister
Multimap
Expedia
Historical maps of Germany-Historical maps of Germany available online, hosted by the Institute for European History in Mainz
German States in 1871
Map of Berlin and Suburbs, 1907
French Maps and Aerial Photos
Ortssuche - This site includes links to many online gazetteers and maps and a bibliography of printed sources. It also gives hints on how to structure an effective search- in German only.
So You Think Your Ancestor Was Prussian
Researching “Lost” Eastern German Provinces
Finding Former Eastern German Place Names
Expulsion Maps

German Soundex

Soundex is a phonetic index that groups together names that sound alike but are spelled differently. This helps searchers find names that are spelled differently than originally expected, a relatively common genealogical research problem.

Ahnenstammkartei des deutschen Volkes Instructions on German Soundex

Heraldry

Ahnen und Wappen Heraldry, Nobility, Crests
Nobility worldwide

History

History Guide including all areas of Europe
Historical Germany (Many-Roads.com)

Language and Handwriting Helps

Letter Writing

German Letter Writing Guide

Dictionaries and Translation

Lexikon of the German Language
Woerterbuchnetz - meta search for about a dozen historical German dictionaries and encyclopedias
Leo Searchable German-English Dictionary- English/German, German/English dictionary online
Grimm's Dictionary of the German Language
Google Translation

Word Lists--Frequent Words in Records

Gothic Handwriting

German Handwriting
BYU Tutorial on Old Handwriting - Interactive tutorial for learning the old German Gothic, Dutch, Italian, and Spanish scripts.
German-type fonts to download
Deciphering German Script 1-12
Deciphering German Script 25-36
Deciphering German Script 13-24
Schleswig-Holstein: Handwriting

Search Vocabulary--Frequently Used Words in Search Engines

address books - Adressbuecher
archive - Archiv [Kirchen{buch}archiv, Landesarchiv, Staatsarchiv, Stadtarchiv, Komunalarchiv, Kreisarchiv]
calendar of events - Veranstaltungskalender
church(es) - Kirche(n)
civil registration office - Standesamt
community (civil) - Gemeinde , Ortsgemeinde
community consisting of several towns (civil] - Verbandsgemeinde [VG]
Computer Genealogy (on-line journal) - Computergenealogie
culture - Kultur
data base - Datenbank
economy - Wirtschaft
emigrants - Auswanderer
emigration - Auswanderung
emigration research - Auswandererforschung
general - allgemein
illnesses (old terms) - alte Krankheitsbezeichnungen
index, listing - Verzeichnis
Latin - lateinisch
list - Liste
map(s)- Karte(n) mayor's office - Buergermeisteramt
measures - Masse
occupations - Berufe
old - alt
parish office - Kirchenbuero, Pfarrbuero
parish [church] - Kirchengemeinde
passenger lists - Schiffslisten
pastor - Pfarrer
pictures (old) - alte Bilder
place names - Ortsnamen
postal code(s) - Postleitzahl(en) printed - gedruckt
public - oeffentlich public institutions - oeffentliche Einrichtungen
research - Forschung
research associations, clubs - Vereine
search screen - Suchmaske
search term - Suchwort
sources - Quellen
town genealogy - Ortssippenbuch, Ortsfamilienbuch, OFB, OSB

Maps, see Geography and Maps

Mennonite Records

ManyRoads provides a mega-search engine geared to identifying available online information, records, and family related forums.

Metasearches and Large Databases with Many Record Types

FamilySearch.org
Ancestry.com--patron-submitted name databases, as well as indexes and images of many sources, including vital records, U.S. census records, several important emigration indexes, and passenger lists.
Germany Genealogy at Genealogy.links.net
Online German Genealogy Records & Databases
Metasearch--one search portal for data in GedBas, Datenbank Historischer Adressbücher, FOKO, Forschungsdatenbanken der Vereine, Online Ortsfamilienbücher, Familienanzeigen, and Volkszahlregister Schleswig Holstein

FOKO-This database allows the family historian to find others who are working on the same families or in the same towns.
GedBas-Anyone can contribute data in form of Gedcom files, or search for information.
Familienzeigen-extracts from birth-, marriage-, and death notices placed in daily newspapers from the last 20 years.
Grabsteine-records tomb stone information of recent origin.
Totenzettel (Memorial cards)
Verlustlisten 1.WK - (WWI Casualty lists)

Genealogy.net or Compgen.de

In late 2012 Genealogy.net changed its Web address to "Compgen.de", but the old address still works and the page setup remains the same.

Genealogy.net, the Web site of the German Society for Computer Genealogy, provides many different resources for the family historian. Available tools include a gazetteer of the German Empire, a genealogical Wiki, a digital library, lineage-linked town genealogies, a literature data base, various name data bases, links to mailing lists, and a monthly newsletter. Most projects are on-going and welcome volunteers and contributors. Free registration is required to participate.

German language helps

This is a German-language Web site. Systematic presentation allows the use of electronic translators such as Google Translate, with reasonable success. The Web browser Google Chrome will recognize the German language and will offer to translate it. Google Translate can be accessed in other browsers by typing “translate.google.com” into a new tab. First choose the “from” and “to” languages. Then the Web address or text can be pasted into the translation box. Translations will be very literal, word for word, and are therefore not suitable for use in correspondence. To see the original text, hover over a word or phrase with the mouse.

A good German- English dictionary is available at http://www.leo.org/ .

Searches on genealogy.net are very specific and will vary depending on the use of diacritical marks, hyphens, or spaces. Numeric codes can be used to enter diacritics:

Ä	Alt + 142	ä	Alt + 132
Ö	Alt + 153	ö	Alt + 148
Ü	Alt + 154	ü	Alt + 129
ß (= ss)	Alt + 0223

GenWiki

The GenWiki, or genealogical Wiki, is the main collection of information pages. It is fully searchable and includes various types of articles. Many locality pages were generated automatically in conjunction with the GOV, and may be empty. Filled-in pages often provide helpful details and links to other resources. Many articles are very time-and jurisdiction -specific. Disambiguation pages (Example: “Hessen: Begriffserklärung” [=definition of terms] ) allow easier access to the specific page(s) needed.

The GenWiki also includes pages about record types, laws, occupations, historical terms, instructions for using resources, and anything else that may be of interest to the family historian. For instance, a search for “Datenschutz” (rights to privacy) bring up a page that summarizes the meaning as it pertains to genealogists, along with links to more detailed articles.

Various lists, for example historical occupations, have been integrated into the GenWiki. A search for “Euler” brings up the definition "occupation", and the modern word "Töpfer" (potter), along with a link to the source database.

Locality template

Locality entries follow a standard template which may contain any of the following sections:

Inhaltsverzeichnis - table of contents
1 Einleitung - Introfuction
1.1 Allgemeine Information- general information
2 Politische Einteilung - political jurisdictions
2.1 Gemeinden Wohnplätze Vorwerke ...- communities, residential areas, suburbs...
3 Kirchliche Einteilung church jurisdictions
3.1 Evangelische Kirchen - Evangelical churches
3.2 Katholische Kirchen - Catholic churches
4 Geschichte - history
5 Genealogische und historische Quellen - genealogical and historical sources
5.1 Kirchenbücher - parish registers
5.2 Zivilstandsregister - civil registration records
5.3 Andere Quellen - other sources
5.3.1 LDS/FHC - points to microfilmed source material available through FamilySearch Centers
5.3.2 Grundakten und -bücher - land records and -books
5.3.3 Adreßbücher - addess books
6 Archive und Bibliotheken - archives and libraries
6.1 Archive - Archives
6.1.1 Bestände in Polen - record holdings in Poland
6.2 Bibliotheken - libraries
7 Weblinks
7.1 Offizielle Webseiten der Stadt/Gemeinde - official Web site of the town/community
7.2 Genealogische Webseiten zum Ort - genealogical Web pages regarding this locality
7.3 Weitere Webseiten zum Ort - additional Web pages regarding this locality
8 Kontakte - contacts
8.1 Forscherkontakte in FOKO - research contacts in the FOKO (research contacts) database
9 Private Informationsquellen- und Suchhilfeangebote - private qources of information and offers to help search
10 Zufallsfunde - incidental findings
11 Daten aus dem genealogischen Ortsverzeichnis - data grom the genealogical gazetteer (GOV)

	The usage of "Mormon" and "LDS" on this page is approved according to current policy.

Names--Surname Frequency

Geogen Surname frequency, based on current phonebooks

Newspapers

German Newspapers

Societies

Town Genealogies (Ortsippenbuch or Ortsfamilienbuch)

An Ortssippenbuch or Ortsfamilienbuch includes birth, marriage, and death data for all persons found in the local records during a specified time period, compiled into families. Sources may include the local parish registers, civil registration records, court and land records, and sometimes published material.
Online Database of Ortsippenbuch. Large country-wide collection.
Ortssippenbücher and other German genealogy sources are held at the St. Louis County Library German Genealogy Collection

Bibliographies of Town Genealogies and Parish Inventories--Some Searchable Online

Baden	List of Baden-Wuerttemberg Ortsippenbuecher
Bayern(Bavaria)	Ortschronik zu Bayern
Elsass-Lothringen (Alsace-Lorraine)	Local history Books for Alsace-Lorraine
Hannover	Bibliography of Ostfriesland OFBs with purchasing information in the U.S. List of Ostfriesland OFBs
Hessen	Ortsippenbuecher at University/Marburg Central Office for Personal and Family History-Institute of Genealogy
Mecklenburg	Local heritage books of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Ostfriesland	Ostfrieslands local kinship books Local clan books in Ostfriesland
Sachsen (Saxony)	Family Books of Saxony
Schlesien (Silesia)
Thuringia (Thueringen)	Thueringen Archives
Waldeck	Waldeckische local kinship books - List of town genealogies published up to the year 2008
Westphalia	Local heritage book to North Rhine-Westphalia

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{CountrySidebar
+|Country=Germany
+|Name=Germany
+|Type=Topic
+|Topic Type=Records
+|Records=Websites
+|Rating=Acceptable
+}}{{breadcrumb
+| link1=[[Germany Genealogy|Germany]]
+| link2=
+| link3=
+| link4=
+| link5=[[Germany Websites--Reference and Training|Websites]]
+}}
+Guide to websites for family history sources that assist in finding genealogy records for German ancestors.
+See also [http://is.byu.edu/courses/pe/999022071006/public/start.htm German Research] a free, in-depth online course through Brigham Young University, by Larry Jensen.
+See also [[German Online Genealogy Records|German Online Genealogy Records]], an article listing websites with actual genealogical data about individual people. Databases there cover material from all over Germany as it exists today.
+See also [[Germany Genealogy|Germany Genealogy]] wiki, for further explanations of each of these topics, and tips on their use.
 === <center>'''Archives'''</center>  ===
-Also see below: &nbsp;[[User:Hanna5974/Sandbox/Databse Wiki Consolidation#Church_Archives_and_Contact_Information|Church Archives and Contact Information]]
+Also see below:  [[Germany_Websites--Reference_and_Training|Church Archives and Contact Information]]
-*[http://www.archivschule.de/content/59.html Archivschule]- Listing of German Archives in the Internet. <br>
+*[[Germany Archives and Libraries|Germany Archives Wiki Article]]
+*[https://www.archivportal-d.de/? Archivportal] - Listing of German Archives on the Internet.
+*[https://www.archivesportaleurope.net/de/directory;jsessionid=EBA0AB6119DF68D00CE13097E8A8F334 Archives Portal Europe - German Archives] - Listing of German Archives on the Internet.
 *[http://www.h-net.org/~german/research/archives.html H-Net]--Humanities and Social Services on the Internet--links to German archives, more detailed on the federal level.
 *[http://home.bawue.de/~hanacek/info/darchive.htm Archives in Germany - Hanacek (2000)]
 *[http://www.archive.nrw.de/ Archives in Nordrhein-Westfalen]<br>
 *[http://www.hv.spk-berlin.de/english/index.php Geheimes Archiv - Stiftung Preussischer Kulturbesitz]
-*[http://www.ghi-dc.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261&Itemid=68 German Historical Institute] Links to German Archives
+*[https://www.ghi-dc.org/home.html?L=0 German Historical Institute] Links to German Archives
 *[http://www.lib-web.org/europe/germany-central-europe/germany/ Libweb] - Directory of Libraries
 *[http://www.monasterium.net/ Monasterium.net]--Archive of medieval to early modern era documents
 *[http://aidaonline.niedersachsen.de/ Niedersachsen Archives]
+=== <center>'''Biographies'''</center>  ===
+*[http://www.ndb.badw-muenchen.de/eb_www.htm NDB,NEW GERMAN BIOGRAPHY, Historical and biographical information resources]
+=== <center>'''Blogs'''</center>  ===
+*[https://www.facebook.com/groups/CentralEuropeGenealogyResearchCommunity/files/ Central Europe Genealogy Research Community]
 === <center>'''Calendars'''</center>  ===
-*[https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/French_Republican_Calendar French Republican Calendar (Research outline)]
+*[https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/French_Republican_Calendar French Republican Calendar (Research outline)]
 *[http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/gaeste/grotefend/grotefend.htm Grotefend calendar book online]
-*[http://www.ortelius.de/kalender/form_de2.php Calendar converter (German)]
+*[http://www.nabkal.de/kalrech2.html Calendar converter (German)]
+*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160301141631/http://www.ortelius.de/kalender/form_de2.php Calendar converter (German, on Wayback Machine only)]
 *[http://www.lepg.org/liturgy.htm The Liturgical Year]
-*[http://kalendersysteme.de/deutsch/kalender/systeme/systeme/inhalt.html Information on many calendar systems around the world]
+*[http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar.html Information on many calendar systems around the world]
+===<center>'''Classes'''</center>===
+*{{LearningCenter2|12|German Church and Civil Records}}
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/german-historical-geography German Historical Geography]
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/germany-research-with-the-wiki-part-6-of-14-germany-maps-and-gazetteers Germany Research Maps and Gazetteers]
+*{{LearningCenter2|38|Reading German Handwritten Records Lesson 1: Kurrent Letters}}
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/german-paleography-seminar-key-words Reading German Handwritten Records Lesson 2: Making Words in Kurrent]
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/german-paleography-seminar-process-of-deciphering-records Reading German Handwritten Records Lesson 3: Reading Kurrent Documents]
+*{{LearningCenter2|489|Hansen’s Map Guides: Finding records with parish maps}}
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/en/help/helpcenter/lessons/ortsfamilienbucher-ortssippenbucher-how-to-use-online-ofbs-at-genealogy-net Online Ortsfamilienbücher at Genealogy.net]
+*{{LearningCenter2|501|Using Metasuche or Metasearch on Genealogy.net}}
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/german-census-records-1816-1916 German Census Records 1816-1916]
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/kartenmeister-com-finding-places-in-the-former-german-area-of-poland Kartenmeister.com Finding Places in the Former German Area of Poland]
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/old-german-script-part-1 Old German Script Part 1]
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/old-german-script-part-2 Old German Script Part 2]
 === <center>'''Colonies'''</center>  ===
 *[http://www.deutsche-schutzgebiete.de/deutsche-kolonien.htm German Colonies]
+=== <center>'''Dictionaries, see Language and Handwriting Helps'''</center>  ===
 === <center>'''Emigration, Immigration, and Passenger Lists'''</center>  ===
+*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1030 Ancestry.com Public Member Trees] Ancestry’s web several important emigration indexes, and passenger lists.
 *[http://www.germanroots.com/ei.html German Roots Emigration Website List]
 *[[Internet Resources for Finding 19th Century German Emigrants#U.S._and_German_passenger_lists_and_indexes|U.S. and German passenger lists and indexes]]
 *[[Internet Resources for Finding 19th Century German Emigrants#Regional_Lists_and_Indexes_of_Emigrants|Regional Lists and Indexes of Emigrants]]
 *[[Internet Resources for Finding 19th Century German Emigrants#Lists_of_emigrants_from_individual_towns|Lists of emigrants from individual towns]]
-*[http://www.rootsweb.com/~brawgw/alemanha/historia_petropolis_imi1859.htm Lists of Germans immigrating to Brazil], in Portuguese.
+*[http://sites.rootsweb.com/~brawgw/alemanha/historia_petropolis_imi1859.htm Lists of Germans immigrating to Brazil], in Portuguese.
 *[http://www.pilleux.cl/genealogia/Alemanes/ German immigrants to Chile]
 *[[Internet Resources for Finding 19th Century German Emigrants|Wiki Article:Internet Resources for Finding 19th Century German Emigrants]]
@@ Line 41: / Line 92: @@
 ==== <center>'''Parish Register Inventories'''</center>  ====
-*[[Germany Town Genealogies and Parish Register Inventories on the Internet|Parish Register Inventories]]
+'''Parish register inventories''' list existing, known parish registers, the years covered, and the repository where they are kept.
-*[[Media:Localities.pdf|PDF Archive Inventory]]- an inventory of localities with the location or archive where the records should be found. Corresponding list of archives named in inventory is at[[Media:Archive_Add_.pdf|Archive Addresses]] Please note that in the second column, with the heading of "key" matches the Archive "number" in the first link which contains the database.
+* [[Online German Gazetteers and Parish Register Inventories]]
+*[[Media:Localities.pdf|PDF Archive Inventory]]- an inventory of localities with the location or archive where the records should be found. Corresponding list of archives named in inventory is at [[Media:Archive Add .pdf|Archive Addresses]] Please note that in the second column, with the heading of "key" matches the Archive "number" in the first link which contains the database.
+*[[Finding parish registers for formerly eastern Germany areas now in other countries|Finding parish registers for formerly eastern Germany areas now in other countries]]
+*[http://data.matricula-online.eu/de/deutschland/magdeburg/ Matricula] -International site dedicated to making digitized church records available online. As of June 2009 available records include 1. Catholic parish registers of the Diocese of St. Pölten, Austria 2. One parish in Passau, Bavaria, Germany 3. Evangelical records of parishes in the Gelnhausen, Hessen-Nassau, Germany area 4. Evangelical records of sixteen parishes in the Rhineland region, Germany Most of these records have not been filmed by the Family History Department.
+*[http://www.kirchenbuch-virtuell.de/ Virtuell.de] - Parish registers of the Bayreuth, Bavaria, Lutheran Archive. The “virtual reading room” allows access to scanned images of over 30 parish registers. The user joins an association and pays yearly dues (30 Euros in 2009) plus modest additional monthly fees for access to specific records.
+*[https://www2.landesarchiv-bw.de/ofs21/olf/struktur.php?bestand=5632 Landesarchiv Baden-Wuerttemberg] – Digitized microfilms of Jewish birth, marriage, and death records from Baden, Wuerttemberg, and Hohenzollern available through the Landesarchiv Baden-Wuerttemberg. This collection complements similar records available through the FamilySearch Library
+*[https://www2.landesarchiv-bw.de/ofs21/olf/struktur.php?bestand=10028 Landesarchiv Baden-Wuerttemberg] - Digitized parish register dup<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1295888824044_819"> </span>licates 1810-1870. Organized by court district, then by parish.
+*[http://www.genealogienetz.de/reg/NRHE-WFA/lippe_orte-d.html  Lippe-Detmold] Gives parish jurisdictions for even the smallest villages<br>
+*[http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Die_Kirchenb%C3%BCcher_im_K%C3%B6nigreich_Sachsen_%281901%29  Franz Blanckmeister, Die Kirchenbuecher im Koenigreich Sachsen], 1901
+*[http://www.genealogienetz.de/reg/SAC/Kirchen/index.html Alphabetical listing of localities and parish addresses in Saxony]
+*[[Schleswig-Holstein: Place Names]] List of places in former Prussian province keyed to the parish.<br>
+*[http://www.genealogienetz.de/reg/SCN/kirchenkreise-d.html List of Schleswig-Holstein] church districts with archive addresses etc.
+*[http://www.westpreussen.de Westpruessen list of towns] including their Catholic, Lutheran and civil registry jurisdictions], click on “Ortsverzeichnis” in the bottom left bar under the heading “Forschungshilfen”. This brings up a dialogue box in which to enter the place name. In German.
 ==== <center>'''Church Archives and Contact Information'''</center>  ====
-*[http://www.ekd.de/archive/deutsch/regionen.htm Evangelical (Lutheran) Church Archives]--portal to the archives of the various Lutheran dioceses.
+*[https://ezab.de/english/parish_registers.html EZAB - Berlin Evangelical Central Archive]
-*[http://www.ekd.de/archive/index.htm Association of Protestant Church Archives]
-*[http://www.ezab.de/kirchenbuecher/kirchenbuch-suche.php EZAB - Berlin Evangelical Central Archive Holdings]
 *[http://www.kkvsol.net/ Oberlausitz Evangelical Archive]
 *[http://www.ekd.de/kirche/gliedkirchen/karte.html Lutheran Parishes Contact Information]
 *[http://www.dbk.de/katholische-kirche/katholische-kirche-deutschland/aufbau-ktah-kirche/bistuemer/ Catholic Dioceses and Parishes contact information]<br>
-*[http://www.ashkenazhouse.org/synagogue-main.htm List of Ashkenazic Synagogues]
+*[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/synagogues-of-germany List of Ashkenazic Synagogues]
 ==== <center>'''Parish Registers Online'''</center>  ====
+*[https://www.archion.de/ Archion Online Church Records] <br>
+*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1030 Ancestry.com Public Member Trees] Ancestry’s web site contains indexes and images of many sources, including vital records.,
 ===== <center>'''Regional Collections'''</center>  =====
-*[http://www.data.matricula.info/php/main.php?ar_id=3670#2 Passau Diocese Parish Records at Matricula]
+*[[Finding parish registers for formerly eastern Germany areas now in other countries|Finding parish registers for formerly eastern Germany areas now in other countries]]
-*[http://www.kirchenbuch-virtuell.de/ Parish registers of the Bayreuth, Bavaria, Lutheran Archive],($)
-*[http://www.blume-gen.de/index-kb-eintraege.html Ortenberg churches] Wölpinghausen, Wiedenbrügge, Schmalenbruch, Windhorn, Winzlar, Auhagen and Düdinghausen
+=== <center>'''Gazetteers'''</center>  ===
-*[http://www.lkan-elkb.de/Download/Kirchenmatrikeln_nach_Orten.pdf Lutheran parish registers available in the Church Book Archive in Nuernberg]<br>
-*[http://grueneberg-lenzen.de/deutsch/Kirchbuch/start.html Virtual parish registers and indexes for Brandenburg and Mecklenburg]
+A '''gazetteer''' ('''Ortzeichnis''' or '''Topographie''') is a dictionary of placenames. Gazetteers may also provide additional information about towns, such as: population size, the different religious denominations, the schools, colleges, and universities,major manufacturing works, canals, docks, and railroad stations. Gazetteers can '''help you find the places where your family lived''' and '''determine the civil and church jurisdictions''' over those places.
-*[http://www.plew.info/verteiler_regionen.htm Sources for Sambia, the area around Koenigsberg]<br>
-*[http://www.historische-masurische-vereinigung.de/ Historische Masurische Vereinigung(Southeran East Prussia(Masurenland)]<br>
+==== Germany gazetteers wiki article  ====
-*[http://www.salzburger.homepage.t-online.de/krch-bch.htm List of extant parish registers in Kreis Gumbinnen]
-===== <center>'''Individual Parishes'''</center>  =====
+For more extensive information and tips on using gazetteers, see [[Germany Gazetteers|Germany Gazetteers]] on the Wiki.
-*[https://familysearch.org/search/collection/1952867 Saxony, Bautzen, Church Records, 1699-1915]
+==== GOV-Genealogical gazetteer  ====
-*[https://familysearch.org/search/collection/1968531 Brandenburg, Heegermühle, Church Records, 1664-1824]
-*[https://familysearch.org/search/collection/2064113 Prussia, Pomerania, Labes, Church Records, 1647-1764]
-*[https://familysearch.org/search/collection/1475887 Prussia, Pomerania, Stralsund, Church Book Indexes, 1600-1900]
-*[http://members.tripod.com/Stemweder/wehdem.html Wehdem Parish Records]
-=== <center>'''Gazetteers'''</center>  ===
+The GOV, [http://gov.genealogy.net/search/index The Historic Gazetteer], is useful for initial place name identification. This search is exact. Wild cards can’t be used, but to some extent it is possible to search for parts of names. Example: “Offenb” brings up Offenbach, Offenburg, Offenbüttel etc… The search term may be found in any part of the place name, not just at the beginning, but the results may not be complete. It may be advantageous to repeat the search with a different search term. Example: When “zim” is entered as a search term, 167 hits come up, including Groß-Zimmern (with hyphen) and Niederzimmern (without hyphen), but not Herrenzimmern. However, a search for “Herrenz” brings up Herrenzimmern, but a search for “renz” does not.
+In the GOV each locality is given a unique identity number and identified by type, postal code, and associated places. A diagram shows super-ordinate objects, such as the parish, county, region etc., by time period. The entry may link to an article in the GenWiki about the locality and to various maps.
-A '''gazetteer''' ('''Ortzeichnis''' or '''Topographie''') is a dictionary of placenames. Gazetteers may also provide additional information about towns, such as: population size, the different religious denominations, the schools, colleges, and universities,major manufacturing works, canals, docks, and railroad stations. Gazetteers can '''help you find the places where your family lived''' and '''determine the civil and church jurisdictions''' over those places.
+==== Other Gazetteers  ====
-*FamilySearch: A digital copy of Meyers Gazetteer is in two volumes and is found at: part 1 A-K, {{FSbook|74680}}; part 2 L-Z , {{FSbook|74645}}. See "[[Step-by-step guide: Using Meyers Gazetteer Online]]" for detailed user instructions. An abbreviated guide to locating place names and jurisdictions in Meyers Gazetteer is found [https://www.familysearch.org/#form=catalog here].
+*[http://www.gemeindeverzeichnis.de/gem1900/gem1900.htm?gem1900_2.htm Gazetteer for the German Empire of 1900, gazetteer of Gemeinden]--To use, click on the state, choose the region, then the county. A list of Gemeinden will come up. A Gemeinde is a civil entity comparable to a U.S. township and may include one or more parishes.
+*FamilySearch: A digital copy of Meyers Gazetteer is found online in two volumes: online part 1 A-K, [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/583031-mmeyers-orts-und-verkehrs-lexikon-des-deutschen-reichs-auf-grund-amtlicher-unterlagen-von-reichs-landes-und-gemeindebehorden-v-01?offset=1 FamilySearch Digital Library]; part 2 L-Z , [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/576134-mmeyers-orts-und-verkehrs-lexikon-des-deutschen-reichs-auf-grund-amtlicher-unterlagen-von-reichs-landes-und-gemeindebehorden-v-02?offset=1 FamilySearch Digital Library]. Where to find Meyer's gazetteer See "[[Step-by-step guide: Using Meyers Gazetteer Online]]" for detailed user instructions. An abbreviated guide to locating place names and jurisdictions in Meyers Gazetteer is found [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog here].
 *[http://www.compgen.de The Genealogisches Ortsverzeichnis (GOV)]
 *For areas east of the Oder-Neisse rivers, [http://www.kartenmeister.com/preview/databaseuwe.asp Kartenmeister] provides church- and civil jurisdictions
-*For phonetic searches in the area covered by today’s Germany, use the [http://isodp.hof-university.de/fuzzyg/query/ “fuzzy gazetteer”]
 *[http://www.jewishgen.org/communities/LocTown.asp JewishGen gazetteer] has several search options, including “contains”. Be sure to change the country and choose a search option.
 *[http://pbc.gda.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=7346&from=pubstats Deutsch-Fremdsprachiges Ortsnamenverzeichnis] place name changes for formerly German localities as of June 1919,
@@ Line 89: / Line 151: @@
 *[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=34415 Prussian (Preussen) Gazetteer]
 *Various volumes of the Gemeindelexikon Preußen (1885, 1895, or 1905 editions) are also available on [http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Kategorie:Gemeinde-_oder_Ortsverzeichnis_in_der_DigiBib Digital Library-Geographie, Kartographie, Topographie]
-*For an extensive list of [[Online German Gazetteers and Parish Register Inventories#Regional_gazetteers_and_parish_register_inventories|regional gazetteers and parish register inventories]] states, click on this link.
-*[http://gov.genealogy.net/ The Historic Gazeetter]
 *[http://www.atsnotes.com/other/gerpol.html An index of German-Polish and Polish-German localities]
-*[http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Ortsdatenbank/Linkliste German-speaking Location Databases]
+*[http://gov.genealogy.net/search/index/Ortsdatenbank/Linkliste German-speaking Location Databases]
+==== Regional gazetteers and parish register inventories  ====
+For an extensive list of [[Online German Gazetteers and Parish Register Inventories#Regional_gazetteers_and_parish_register_inventories|regional gazetteers and parish register inventories]], click on this link.
+The German DigiBib [Digital Library] continually adds new gazetteers and maps to its collection, so it’s worth checking there first. Access it through www.genealogy.net/genealogy by clicking on the tab “DigiBib”, or directly through [http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Portal:DigiBib Portal DigiBib] . Choose “Pfarr- und Kirchenbuchverzeichnisse” for parish listings and parish register inventories, or „Ortslexika, Topografien, Statistiken etc.” for gazetteers and geographical descriptions.
 === <center>'''Genealogy'''</center>  ===
+This section lists databases of compiled genealogy, family pedigrees and group records, submitted by other researchers.
 *[http://ahnenforschung.net/ Ahnenforschung.net ]- German genealogical forum and link list
 *[http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Portal:DigiBib DigiBib - Digital Library on genealogy.net]
 *[http://www.berufsgenealogie.net/ German Association of Professional Genealogists]
-*[http://mocavo.com/ Genealogy Search Engine Mocavo]
+*[http://gedbas.genealogy.net/?lang=en GedBas] Collection of GEDCOM files submitted by other researchers
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/family-trees FamilySearch Genealogies]
+*[http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1030 Ancestry.com Public Member Trees] Ancestry’s web site contains submitted name data bases
+*[http://www.myheritage.com/research/category-5000/family-trees?s=218489221 MyHeritage Family Trees]
+*[http://Google.com Google] As keywords, use the surname, locality, and "genealogy" or "family records"
+*[http://www.heritagequestonline.com Heritage Quest], census indexes and census images as well as other records (as accessible at the FamilySearch Library)
+*[http://baseportal.de/baseportal/Donicht/batchnummern/batchnummern Batchnumber index for IGI] <br>
+=== <center>'''General Resources'''</center>  ===
+*[http://www.retrobibliothek.de/retrobib/index.html Retrobibliothek] includes Meyers Konversationslexikon, 4th ed. 1888 -1889, and other general reference works, fully searchable online<br>
+*[http://www.germanroots.com/ GermanRoots] - Resources for German genealogy on the Internet
+*[http://www.berufsgenealogie.net/- Association of German-speaking Professional Genealogists]
+*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html The World Fact book with regional maps, flags, guides to countries and current news]
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/tips-opinions-pointers/german-prussian-genealogy-aids/records-possibilities/ Finding Genealogy Records from the Former German East] (Many-Roads.com)
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/tips-opinions-pointers/german-prussian-genealogy-aids/ German/Prussian Genealogy help] (Many-Roads.com)
-=== <center>'''Geography'''</center>  ===
+=== <center>'''Geography and Maps'''</center>  ===
+*[http://www.geog.port.ac.uk/hist-bound/ Mapping Europe's Historic Boundaries and Borders]
+*[http://www.posselt-landkarten.de/ Maps of the German Empire]
 *[http://www.library.wisc.edu/etext/ravenstein/home.html Ravenstein Atlas of the German Empire]<br>
 *[http://www.kartenmeister.com/preview/databaseuwe.asp Kartenmeister]
 *[http://www.multimap.com Multimap]<br>
 *[http://www.expedia.com Expedia]<br>
-*[http://www.ieg-maps.uni-mainz.de/ Historical maps of Germany]<br>
+*[http://www.ieg-maps.uni-mainz.de/ Historical maps of Germany]-Historical maps of Germany available online, hosted by the Institute for European History in Mainz<br>
 *[http://wiki-en.genealogy.net/German_States_1871 German States in 1871]
+*[http://www.blocksignal.de/krt/b07/f.cgi Map of Berlin and Suburbs, 1907]
+*[https://www.edmaps.com/html/france.html French Maps and Aerial Photos]
+*[http://wiki.genealogy.net/wiki/Ortssuche_FAQ Ortssuche] - This site includes links to many online gazetteers and maps and a bibliography of printed sources. It also gives hints on how to structure an effective search- in German only.
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/2013/11/21/so-you-think-your-ancestor-was-prussian/ So You Think Your Ancestor Was Prussian]
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/2015/02/16/researching-lost-eastern-german-provinces/ Researching “Lost” Eastern German Provinces]
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/2012/07/01/former-eastern-german-place-names/ Finding Former Eastern German Place Names]
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/vertreibungs-karten/ Expulsion Maps ]<br>
 === <center>'''German Soundex'''</center>  ===
@@ Line 118: / Line 209: @@
 === <center>'''Heraldry'''</center>  ===
-*[http://www.ahnen-und-wappen.de/ Ahnen und Wappen]Heraldry, Nobility, Crests
+*[http://www.ahnen-und-wappen.de/ Ahnen und Wappen] Heraldry, Nobility, Crests
+*[http://www.worldroots.com/ Nobility worldwide] <br>
+=== <center>'''History'''</center>  ===
+*[http://www.historyguide.de/start.php History Guide including all areas of Europe]
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/library/prussia-histories/ Historical Germany] (Many-Roads.com)
 === <center>'''Language and Handwriting Helps'''</center>  ===
-*[http://dict.leo.org/ende/index_en.html#/search=&searchLoc=0&resultOrder=basic&multiwordShowSingle=on Leo Searchable German-English Dictionary]
+==== <center>'''Letter Writing'''</center>  ====
-*[http://dwb.bbaw.de/ Grimm's ]Dictionary of the German Language
-*[[German Word List|German Genealogical Word List]] FamilySearch Wiki article
+*[[German Letter Writing Guide|German Letter Writing Guide]]<br>
+==== <center>'''Dictionaries and Translation'''</center>  ====
+*[http://www.fh-augsburg.de/informatik/projekte/mebib/fidb/lexika.html Lexikon of the German Language] <br>
+*[http://woerterbuchnetz.de/ Woerterbuchnetz ]- meta search for about a dozen historical German dictionaries and encyclopedias
+*[http://dict.leo.org/ende/index_en.html#/search=&searchLoc=0&resultOrder=basic&multiwordShowSingle=on Leo Searchable German-English Dictionary]- English/German, German/English dictionary online
+*[http://dwb.bbaw.de/ Grimm's Dictionary of the German Language]
+*[https://translate.google.com/#view=home&op=translate&sl=de&tl=en Google Translation]<br>
+==== <center>'''Word Lists--Frequent Words in Records'''</center>  ====
+*[[German Word List|German Genealogical Word List]]
 *[[Latin Genealogical Word List|Latin Genealogical Word List]]
 *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_German_military_terms Glossary of German military terms]
 *[http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/contents.html Orbis Latinus Latin Place names]
 *[http://www.antiquusmorbus.com/German/GermanL.htm Archaic Medical Terms ](in English)
-*[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~romban/misc/germanjobs.html Historic German professions]
+*[http://sites.rootsweb.com/~romban/misc/germanjobs.html Historic German professions]
 *[http://www.systranbox.com/systran/box Translation of Phrases]
-*[https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Germany_Handwriting German Handwriting]
-*[https://script.byu.edu/Pages/home.aspx BYU Tutorial on Old Handwriting]
+==== <center>'''Gothic Handwriting'''</center>  ====
-*[https://familysearch.org/learningcenter/lesson/die-deutsche-schrift/1152 Reading old German Handwriting]
+*[https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/Germany_Handwriting German Handwriting]
+*[https://script.byu.edu/ BYU Tutorial on Old Handwriting] - Interactive tutorial for learning the old German Gothic, Dutch, Italian, and Spanish scripts.
 *[http://www.germancorner.com/fonts/index.html German-type fonts to download]<br>
+*[[Deciphering German Script 1-12|Deciphering German Script 1-12]]
+*[[Deciphering German Script 25-36|Deciphering German Script 25-36]]
+*[[Deciphering German Script 13-24|Deciphering German Script 13-24]]
+*[[Schleswig-Holstein: Handwriting|Schleswig-Holstein: Handwriting]]
-==== <center>'''Search Vocabulary'''</center>  ====
+==== <center>'''Search Vocabulary--Frequently Used Words in Search Engines'''</center>  ====
 address books - Adressbuecher <br> archive - Archiv [Kirchen{buch}archiv, Landesarchiv, Staatsarchiv, Stadtarchiv, Komunalarchiv, Kreisarchiv]<br> calendar of events - Veranstaltungskalender <br> church(es) - Kirche(n) <br> civil registration office - Standesamt<br> community (civil) - Gemeinde , Ortsgemeinde <br> community consisting of several towns (civil] - Verbandsgemeinde [VG] <br> Computer Genealogy (on-line journal) - Computergenealogie <br> culture - Kultur <br> data base - Datenbank<br> economy - Wirtschaft <br> emigrants - Auswanderer <br> emigration - Auswanderung <br> emigration research - Auswandererforschung<br> general - allgemein <br> illnesses (old terms) - alte Krankheitsbezeichnungen <br> index, listing - Verzeichnis <br> Latin - lateinisch <br> list - Liste <br> map(s)- Karte(n) mayor's office - Buergermeisteramt<br> measures - Masse <br> occupations - Berufe <br> old - alt <br> parish office - Kirchenbuero, Pfarrbuero <br> parish [church] - Kirchengemeinde<br> passenger lists - Schiffslisten <br> pastor - Pfarrer <br> pictures (old) - alte Bilder<br> place names - Ortsnamen<br> postal code(s) - Postleitzahl(en) printed - gedruckt<br> public - oeffentlich public institutions - oeffentliche Einrichtungen <br> research - Forschung <br> research associations, clubs - Vereine <br> search screen - Suchmaske <br> search term - Suchwort <br> sources - Quellen <br> town genealogy - Ortssippenbuch, Ortsfamilienbuch, OFB, OSB<br>
+=== '''Maps, see Geography and Maps''' ===
+=== '''Mennonite Records''' ===
+ManyRoads provides a [http://www.many-roads.com/tips-opinions-pointers/german-prussian-genealogy-aids/ mega-search engine] geared to identifying available online information, records, and family related forums.
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/2014/11/28/might-your-family-be-descended-from-prussian-mennonites/ Might your family be descended from Prussian Mennonites?]
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/category/histories/mennonites/ West Prussian Mennonite Church Records & Land Records]
+*[http://www.many-roads.com/2012/02/01/prussian-mennonite-research-materials/ Prussian Mennonite Research Materials]
 === <center>'''Metasearches and Large Databases with Many Record Types'''</center>  ===
-*[https://familysearch.org/search FamilySearch.org]
+*[https://www.familysearch.org/search FamilySearch.org]
 *[http://www.ancestry.com Ancestry.com]--patron-submitted name databases, as well as indexes and images of many sources, including vital records, U.S. census records, several important emigration indexes, and passenger lists.<br>
-*[http://www.worldvitalrecords.com/contentsearch.aspx?p=Germany World Vital Records--German]
+*[http://genealogylinks.net/europe/germany/index.html Germany Genealogy] at Genealogy.links.net
-*[http://www.ancestry.rootsweb.com]- contains indexed family trees, surname web sites, and over 30,000 mailing lists
-*[http://www.searchgenealogy.net/germany.html German Genealogy Databases Search]
-*[http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.xmarks.com/site/mdz2.bib-bvb.de/~ndb/ndbmaske.html&prev=searchl Google Biography Search]
-*[http://www.onlinenewspapers.com/germany.htm German Newspapers]
 *[http://www.germanroots.com/germandata.html Online German Genealogy Records &amp; Databases]
 *[http://meta.genealogy.net/ Metasearch]--one search portal for data in GedBas, Datenbank Historischer Adressbücher, FOKO, Forschungsdatenbanken der Vereine, Online Ortsfamilienbücher, Familienanzeigen, and Volkszahlregister Schleswig Holstein
@@ Line 154: / Line 272: @@
 :'''FOKO'''-This database allows the family historian to find others who are working on the same families or in the same towns.<br>'''GedBas'''-Anyone can contribute data in form of Gedcom files, or search for information.<br>'''Familienzeigen'''-extracts from birth-, marriage-, and death notices placed in daily newspapers from the last 20 years.<br>'''Grabsteine'''-records tomb stone information of recent origin.<br>'''Totenzettel''' (Memorial cards)<br>'''Verlustlisten 1.WK''' - (WWI Casualty lists)
-=== <center>'''Names--Surname Frequency'''</center>  ===
+==== [http://www.genealogy.net/ '''Genealogy.net'''] or [http://compgen.de/ '''Compgen.de''']  ====
+In late 2012 Genealogy.net changed its Web address to "[http://compgen.de/ Compgen.de]", but the old address still works and the page setup remains the same.
+Genealogy.net, the Web site of the German Society for Computer Genealogy, provides many different resources for the family historian. Available tools include a gazetteer of the German Empire, a genealogical Wiki, a digital library, lineage-linked town genealogies, a literature data base, various name data bases, links to mailing lists, and a monthly newsletter. Most projects are on-going and welcome volunteers and contributors. Free registration is required to participate.<br>
+===== '''German language helps'''  =====
+This is a German-language Web site. Systematic presentation allows the use of electronic translators such as Google Translate, with reasonable success. The Web browser Google Chrome will recognize the German language and will offer to translate it. Google Translate can be accessed in other browsers by typing “translate.google.com” into a new tab. First choose the “from” and “to” languages. Then the Web address or text can be pasted into the translation box. Translations will be very literal, word for word, and are therefore not suitable for use in correspondence. To see the original text, hover over a word or phrase with the mouse.
-[http://christoph.stoepel.net/geogen/v3/Default.aspx?lang=de_DE Geogen] Surname frequency, based on current phonebooks
+A good German- English dictionary is available at http://www.leo.org/ .
-=== <center>'''Regional Resources-Miscellaneous'''</center>  ===
+Searches on genealogy.net are very specific and will vary depending on the use of diacritical marks, hyphens, or spaces. Numeric codes can be used to enter diacritics:
 {|
 |-
-| '''Alsace'''
+| Ä
-| [http://alsacegenweb.online.fr/homepage.htm Alsace GenWeb]<br>[http://www.cartocassini.org/planville/plan.php French Maps and Aerial Photos]
+| Alt + 142 <br>
-|-
+| ä <br>
-| '''Baden'''
+| Alt + 132
-| [http://www.websters.net/blackforest/index.html Genealogy in Germany's Black Forest Region]
 |-
-| '''Berlin'''
+| Ö
-| [http://www.blocksignal.de/krt/b07/f.cgi Map of Berlin and Suburbs, 1907]
+| Alt + 153
+| ö
+| Alt + 148
 |-
-| '''Hannover'''
+| Ü
-| [http://www.osfa.de/ Osnabrueck area]
+| Alt + 154
+| ü
+| Alt + 129
 |-
-| '''Pfalz [Palatinate]'''
+| ß (= ss)
-| [http://www.genealogie-in-pirmasens.de/ Genealogy in the Pirmasens area]<br>
+| Alt + 0223
-|-
-| '''Saarland'''
-| [http://www.saar-genealogie.de/asf-forum/ Inventory of records in the Saar region]<br>
-|-
-| '''Sachsen'''
-| [http://www.saxonyroots.com/ Saxony Roots]
-|-
-| '''Schaumburg-Lippe'''
-| [http://www.blume-gen.de/ Family history in Schaumburg-Lippe]<br>
-|-
-| '''Schlesien'''
-| [http://www.militsch.de/ Family history Kreis Militsch, Silesia]<br>
-|-
-| '''Schleswig-Holstein'''
-| [http://www.fehmarn-genealogy.com/default.htm Fehmarn Genealogy]<br>
-|-
-| '''Thueringen'''
-| [http://www.genealogienetz.de/reg/THU/thu-arch.html Thueringen Archives]
 |}
+==== '''GenWiki'''  ====
+The [https://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Hauptseite GenWiki], or genealogical Wiki, is the main collection of information pages. It is fully searchable and includes various types of articles. Many locality pages were generated automatically in conjunction with the GOV, and may be empty. Filled-in pages often provide helpful details and links to other resources. Many articles are very time-and jurisdiction -specific. Disambiguation pages (Example: “Hessen: Begriffserklärung” [=definition of terms] ) allow easier access to the specific page(s) needed.
+The GenWiki also includes pages about record types, laws, occupations, historical terms, instructions for using resources, and anything else that may be of interest to the family historian. For instance, a search for “Datenschutz” (rights to privacy) bring up a page that summarizes the meaning as it pertains to genealogists, along with links to more detailed articles.
+Various lists, for example historical occupations, have been integrated into the GenWiki. A search for “Euler” brings up the definition "occupation", and the modern word "Töpfer" (potter), along with a link to the source database.
+===== '''Locality template'''  =====
+Locality entries follow a standard template which may contain any of the following sections:
+Inhaltsverzeichnis - table of contents<br>1 Einleitung - Introfuction<br>1.1 Allgemeine Information- general information<br>2 Politische Einteilung - political jurisdictions<br>2.1 Gemeinden Wohnplätze Vorwerke ...- communities, residential areas, suburbs...<br>3 Kirchliche Einteilung church jurisdictions<br>3.1 Evangelische Kirchen - Evangelical churches<br>3.2 Katholische Kirchen - Catholic churches<br>4 Geschichte - history<br>5 Genealogische und historische Quellen - genealogical and historical sources<br>5.1 Kirchenbücher - parish registers<br>5.2 Zivilstandsregister - civil registration records<br>5.3 Andere Quellen - other sources<br>5.3.1 LDS/FHC - points to microfilmed source material available through FamilySearch Centers<br>5.3.2 Grundakten und -bücher - land records and -books<br>5.3.3 Adreßbücher - addess books<br>6 Archive und Bibliotheken - archives and libraries<br>6.1 Archive - Archives<br>6.1.1 Bestände in Polen - record holdings in Poland<br>6.2 Bibliotheken - libraries<br>7 Weblinks <br>7.1 Offizielle Webseiten der Stadt/Gemeinde - official Web site of the town/community<br>7.2 Genealogische Webseiten zum Ort - genealogical Web pages regarding this locality<br>7.3 Weitere Webseiten zum Ort - additional Web pages regarding this locality<br>8 Kontakte - contacts <br>8.1 Forscherkontakte in FOKO - research contacts in the FOKO (research contacts) database<br>9 Private Informationsquellen- und Suchhilfeangebote - private qources of information and offers to help search<br>10 Zufallsfunde - incidental findings<br>11 Daten aus dem genealogischen Ortsverzeichnis - data grom the genealogical gazetteer (GOV)<br>
+{| style="float:right;
+|-
+|{{MormonLDSRemoval}}
+|}
+=== <center>'''Names--Surname Frequency'''</center>  ===
+*[http://christoph.stoepel.net/geogen/v3/Default.aspx?lang=de_DE Geogen] Surname frequency, based on current phonebooks
+=== <center>'''Newspapers'''</center>  ===
+*[http://www.onlinenewspapers.com/germany.htm German Newspapers]
 === <center>'''Societies'''</center>  ===
@@ Line 206: / Line 342: @@
 *[http://www.sacgergensoc.org/ Sacramento German Genealogical Society]
 *[http://www.ggsmn.org/ Germanic Genealogy Society] (in Minnesota)
-*[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lastjohn/geracadn.htm The German-Acadian Coast Historical Society]
+*[http://gachgs.com/ The German-Acadian Coast Historical Society]
 *[http://immigrantgensoc.org/ Immigrant Genealogical Society]
 *[http://www.ogsgs.org/ Orangeburgh Swiss-German Genealogical Society]
 *[http://www.magsgen.com Mid-Atlantic Germanic Society]
 *[http://swflgg.org/links.php?lcid=1 Southwest Florida Germanic Genealogy Society]
-*[http://csumc.wisc.edu/mki/Genealogy/1.GenealogyFrames.htm German genealogy resources at the Max-Kade Institute]
+*[https://mki.wisc.edu/library-archive/external-links/general-german-american-resources/ German genealogy resources at the Max-Kade Institute]
 *[http://www.gf-franken.de/ Society for Genealogy in Franken]
 *[http://www.nhv-ahnenforschung.de/ Science and History Association,Lippe]
-*[http://www.genealogienetz.de/vereine/maus/datenbanken/index.php?lang=de The Maus Genealogical Society], Bremen area]
+*[http://www.genealogienetz.de/vereine/maus/datenbanken/index.php?lang=de The Maus Genealogical Society], Bremen area
+*[http://www.ahnenforscherstammtisch.de/ Ahnenforscherstammtisch Unna und Umgebung]
-=== <center>'''Town Genealogies (Ortsippenbuch or Ortsfamielenbuch)'''</center>  ===
+=== <center>'''Town Genealogies (Ortsippenbuch or Ortsfamilienbuch)'''</center>  ===
 *An '''Ortssippenbuch''' or '''Ortsfamilienbuch''' includes birth, marriage, and death data for all persons found in the local records during a specified time period, compiled into families. Sources may include the local parish registers, civil registration records, court and land records, and sometimes published material.
-*[http://www.ortsfamilienbuecher.de/ Online Database of Ortsippenbuch] Large country-wide collection.
+*[http://www.ortsfamilienbuecher.de/ Online Database of Ortsippenbuch]. Large country-wide collection.
-*[http://www.slcl.org/sites/default/files/shared-files/SC_OSB_village.pdf Ortssippenbücher and similar sources held by the St. Louis County Library Special Collections Department] interlibrary loan or paid search necessary.
+*Ortssippenbücher and other German genealogy sources are held at the [https://slcl.libguides.com/German_Genealogy St. Louis County Library German Genealogy Collection]
-==== <center>'''Bibliographies of Town Genealogies--Some Searchable Online'''</center>  ====
+==== <center>'''Bibliographies of Town Genealogies and Parish Inventories--Some Searchable Online'''</center>  ====
 {|
@@ Line 230: / Line 367: @@
 |-
 | Bayern(Bavaria)
-| [http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Kategorie:Ortschronik_zu_Bayern Ortschronik zu Bayern]<br>[http://www.genealogie-kiening.de/ Genealogy and house chronicles in the area north-west of Munich] - parishes around Dachau, NW of Munich. Also listing of surnames found in most parishes of the area. Searchable. <br>[http://www.genealogie-leitl.de/index.htm Tax Lists] - Indexes to tax lists for the courts of Friedberg, Landsberg an der Lech, Mehring, Rauhenlechsberg, Starnberg, and Weilheim for 1612, 1671, and 1720-1721. Searchable. <br>
+| [http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Kategorie:Ortschronik_zu_Bayern Ortschronik zu Bayern]<br>
-|-
-| Bremen
-| [http://online-ofb.de/famlist.php?ofb=vegesack&b=A&lang=de Ortsfamilienbuch Bremen und Vegesack Familiennamenliste] Searchable.<br>[http://www.die-maus-bremen.de/nofb/index.php Die Maus]. Searchable.
-|-
-| Brandenburg
-| [http://grueneberg-lenzen.de/deutsch/Kirchbuch/start.html Virtual parish registers]- for Koeltschen, Kriescht, Louisa, Woxfelde, and Vietz. Searchable.<br>
-[http://www.genealogienetz.de/reg/BRG/neumark/index4.htm Neumark database and Huguenot pedigrees] (Many parish registers in this area have been lost. This data base contains information from many other sources, such as pedigrees, town directories, histories etc.).Searchable.
 |-
 | Elsass-Lothringen (Alsace-Lorraine)
@@ Line 259: / Line 388: @@
 | [http://www.genealogy.net/vereine/UG/ostfr-osb.htm Ostfrieslands local kinship books]
 [http://www.ortssippenbuch.net/ Local clan books in Ostfriesland]
-|-
-| Rheinland (Rhineland)
-| [http://www.rlb.de/rpbgooi/sn200000/sn207000/sn207000_$.htm Rhineland-Palatinate ibliography]<br>[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~eifel/pick/pickindex.html Eifel region]. Searchable.<br>
-[http://www.genealogienetz.de/vereine/wgff/trier/index.html Indexes to parish registers in the Trier region] Searchable. <br> [http://www.online-ofb.de/hochwald/ Ortsfamilienbuch Südlicher Hochwald]. Searchable.
 |-
@@ Line 269: / Line 393: @@
 | [http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Kategorie:Ortsfamilienbuch_zu_Sachsen Family Books of Saxony]
 |-
 | Schlesien (Silesia)
-| [http://www.vogel-soya.de/ortsfamilienbuecher_schlesien.htm Local heritage books Silesia]
 |-
-| Schleswig-Holstein
+| Thuringia (Thueringen)
-| [http://www.genealogienetz.de/vereine/SHFam//publikationen/KBSuedb1.pdf - Familienbuch Suederbarup].Searchable.
+| [http://www.genealogienetz.de/reg/THU/thu-arch.html Thueringen Archives]
 |-
 | Waldeck
@@ Line 281: / Line 404: @@
 | [http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Kategorie:Ortsfamilienbuch_zu_Nordrhein-Westfalen Local heritage book to North Rhine-Westphalia]
 |}
+[[Category:Germany Websites]]