Caddo Nation: Difference between revisions

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Caddo Nation

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Various Spellings: Caddo, Cadoe

The Caddo Tribe is primarily associated with the states of Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Oklahoma.^[1] ^[2]

1984 enrollment 2.947 ^[3]

Tribal Headquarters

Caddo Nation
117 Memorial Lane
Binger, OK 73009

Mailing Address:
PO Box 487
Binger, OK 73009

Phone: 405-656-2344

Website

History

Brief Timeline

1541: First encountered by De Soto

1714: French trading post at Caddoan village at Natchitodes

1770: Caddo-Spanish Treaty

1803: Louisiana Purchase,

1835 July 1, at Caddo Agency, some of the tribe migrated to Texas, some joined the Choctaw

1836: Texas became a republic,

1844: Choctaw expelled the Caddo as "Indian Intruders"

1846 May 15, at Council Springs Treaty

1854: Many moved to Brazos Reserve, Texas

1859: Removal by Superintendent Robert S. Neighbors, on a reservation near the Washita River in Indian Territory - now Caddo County, Oklahoma

1861: Signed a treaty with the Confederate States, those loyal to the Union fled to Kansas until 1867

1865: Caddo were scouts for the U.S. Army

1867: Moved to Oklahoma

1872: Caddo-Wichita Reservation established

Agencies

Red River Agency1824-30

Caddo Agency 1824-42

Texas Agency 1847-59

Wichita Agency 1859-78

Kiowa Agency 1878-80

Reservations

Brazos Reservation

Caddo-Wichita Reservation

Western Superintendency

Southern Superintendency

Central Superintendency

Colorado Superintendency

Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands

Frederick Webb Hodge, in his Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, gave a more complete history of the Caddo Nation, with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods. Additional details are given in David Bushnell's Villages of the Algonquian, Siouan and Caddoan Tribes West of the Mississippi.

Records

The majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:

Land Records

Tribally owned 2,602.64 acres. Allotted land 55,599.92 acres ^[4]

Agency Records

Correspondence and Census

Tribe	Agency	Location of Original Records	Pre-1880 Correspondence M234 Roll Number	FS Library Film Number	Post-1885 Census M595 Roll Number	FS Library Film Number
Caddo	Anadarko Area Office, 1881-1962	Fort Worth	-	First film: 1638620	Rolls 211-23	First film: 573847
Caddo	Red River Agency, 1824-30	Washington D.C.	Roll 727	-	-	-
Caddo	Caddo Agency,1824-42	Washington D.C.	Roll 31	-	-	-
Caddo	Wichita Agency, 1859-78	Washington D.C.	Rolls 928-30	1638620	Rolls 211-23	573847
Caddo	Kiowa Agency, 1864-1962	Washington D.C. and Fort Worth	Rolls 375-86	-	-	- FS Catalog Films: 576900-576912

Treaties

The link on the year (Year of the Treaty) connects to an online copy of the treaty.

May, 13, 1833, referred to in Quapaw Treaty,
1835 July 1, at Caddo Agency
1846 May 15, at Council Springs

Important Websites

Constitution and By-Laws of the Caddo Tribe of Oklahoma, approved in 1976.
Caddo Nation official Web Site
Caddo Nation Wikipedia

For Further Reading

See For Further Reading.

References

Parsons, Elsie Worthington Clews. Notes on the Caddo. Kraus Reprint Co., 1969. FS Library Book 970.3C114p
Swanton, John Reed. Source Material on the History and Ethnology of the Caddo Indians, Washington, GPO. 1942. FS Library Fiche 6039060 (five fiche)

↑ Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, Federal Register, Vol. 67, No. 134, 12 July 2002 Available online
↑ Caddo in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia (accessed 3 August 2105).
↑ Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214
↑ Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214

[1] Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, Federal Register, Vol. 67, No. 134, 12 July 2002 Available online

[2] Caddo in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia (accessed 3 August 2105).

[3] Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214

[4] Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{inok}}
-[[Image:CaddoTribe (leader of Whitebead Caddo) George Sashington (Sho-we-tat, Little Boy) born in Louisiana in1816,byAlexanderGardner,1872NO.100.jpg|thumb|right|228px|CaddoTribe (leader of Whitebead Caddo) George Sashington (Sho-we-tat, Little Boy) born in Louisiana in1816,byAlexanderGardner,1872NO.100.jpg]]
+'''Various Spellings''': Caddo, Cadoe
-To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]
+The Caddo Tribe is primarily associated with the states of Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Oklahoma.<ref>Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, Federal Register, Vol. 67, No. 134, 12 July 2002 [http://www.thepeoplespaths.net/lists/FederallyRecognized2002.pdf Available online]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo Caddo] in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'' (accessed 3 August 2105).</ref>
-'''Various Spellings''': Caddo, Cadoe
+enrollment 2.947 <ref>Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214  </ref>
+[[Image:CaddoTribe (leader of Whitebead Caddo) George Sashington (Sho-we-tat, Little Boy) born in Louisiana in1816,byAlexanderGardner,1872NO.100.jpg|thumb|right|200px]]<br>
-The Caddo Tribe is primarily associated with the state of Oklahoma<ref>Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, Federal Register, Vol. 67, No. 134, 12 July 2002 [http://www.thepeoplespaths.net/lists/FederallyRecognized2002.pdf Available online]</ref>.
+=== Tribal Headquarters  ===
-enrollment 2.947 <ref>Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FHL book 970.1 In2 page 214  </ref>
+'''Caddo Nation'''<br>
+Memorial Lane <br>
+Binger, OK 73009<br>
-=== Tribal Headquarters  ===
+Mailing Address: <br>
+PO Box 487<br>
+Binger, OK 73009<br>
-Caddo Nation<br>P. O. Box 487<br>Binger, OK 73009<br>Phone: 1.405.656.2344<br>Fax: 405.656.2892
+Phone: 405-656-2344
-*[http://www.caddonation-nsn.gov/ Caddo Nation] official Web Site
+[https://mycaddonation.com/ Website]
 === History  ===
@@ Line 63: / Line 69: @@
 ==== Reservations  ====
-Brazos Reservation
+[https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/brazos-indian-reservation Brazos Reservation]
-Caddo-Wichita Reservation
+[https://wichitatribe.com/culture/history/wichita-indian-reservation/ Caddo-Wichita Reservation]
 [[Western Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Western Superintendency]]
@@ Line 73: / Line 79: @@
 [[Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Central Superintendency]]
 [[Colorado Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Colorado Superintendency]]
 ==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands  ====
-Frederick Webb Hodge, in his Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, gave a more complete [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/caddo/caddohist.htm history of the Caddo Nation], with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods. Additional details are given in David Bushnell's [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/scripts/data/database.cgi?file=Data&report=SingleArticle&ArticleID=0017348 Villages of the Algonquian, Siouan and Caddoan Tribes West of the Mississippi]. <br>
+Frederick Webb Hodge, in his Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico, gave a more complete [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/caddo/caddohist.htm history of the Caddo Nation], with estimations of the population of the tribe at various time periods. Additional details are given in David Bushnell's [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/scripts/data/database.cgi?file=Data&report=SingleArticle&ArticleID=0017348 Villages of the Algonquian, Siouan and Caddoan Tribes West of the Mississippi].
 === Records  ===
@@ Line 90: / Line 96: @@
 *[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]
 *[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]
-*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital rec
+*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]
 ==== Land Records  ====
-Tribally owned 2,602.64 acres. Allotted land 55,599.92 acres <ref>Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FHL book 970.1 In2 page 214 </ref>
+Tribally owned 2,602.64 acres. Allotted land 55,599.92 acres <ref>Indian Reservations A State and Federal Handbook. Compiled by The Confederation of American Indians, New York, N.Y. McFarland and Co. Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, c. 1986. FS Library book 970.1 In2 page 214 </ref>
 ==== Agency Records  ====
@@ Line 101: / Line 106: @@
 '''Correspondence and Census'''
-{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
+{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" border="1"
 |-
 ! scope="col" | Tribe
@@ Line 109: / Line 114: @@
 Pre-1880 Correspondence M234 Roll Number
-! scope="col" | FHL Film Number
+! scope="col" | FS Library Film Number
 ! scope="col" | Post-1885 Census M595 Roll Number
-! scope="col" | FHL Film Number
+! scope="col" | FS Library Film Number
 |-
 | Caddo
@@ Line 157: / Line 162: @@
 -
-| - {{FHL|Films: 576900-576912}}
+| - {{FSC|Films: 576900-576912}}
 |}
-====Treaties====
+==== Treaties  ====
 The link on the year (Year of the Treaty) connects to an online copy of the treaty.
@@ Line 168: / Line 173: @@
 *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/com0554.htm 1846] May 15, at Council Springs
-=== Important Web Sites  ===
+=== Important Websites  ===
-*[http://www.caddonation-nsn.gov/gov/constitution.html Constitution and By-Laws] of the Caddo Indian Tribe of Oklahoma, approved in 1976.
+*[http://www.caddonation-nsn.gov/gov/constitution.html Constitution and By-Laws] of the Caddo Tribe of Oklahoma, approved in 1976.
 *[http://www.caddonation-nsn.gov/ Caddo Nation] official Web Site
 *Caddo Nation [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo Wikipedia]
-=== References  ===
+==== For Further Reading  ====
-Parsons, Elsie Worthington Clews. Notes on the Caddo. Kraus Reprint Co., 1969. {{FHL|192371|item|disp=FHL Book 970.3C114p}}
+See [[American Indian For Further Reading|'''For Further Reading''']].
-Swanton, John Reed. Source Material on the History and Ethnology of the Caddo Indians, Washington, GPO. 1942. {{FHL|61764|item|disp= FHL Fiche 6039060}} (five fiche)
+=== References  ===
-<references />
-==== Bibliography  ====
-*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
-*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ Available online].
-*Klein, Barry T., ed. ''Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian''. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/317923332?referer=list_view WorldCat 317923332]; {{FHL|1122745|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 R259e}}.
-*Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=no:037475188 WorldCat 37475188]; {{FHL|831087|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 G131g}}.
-:Vol. 1 -- Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean
-:Vol. 2 -- Great Basin, Southwest, Middle America
-:Vol. 3 -- Arctic, Subarctic, Great Plains, Plateau
-:Vol. 4 -- California, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Islands
-*Sturtevant, William C. ''Handbook of North American Indians''. 20 vols., some not yet published. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978– . <br>
+*Parsons, Elsie Worthington Clews. Notes on the Caddo. Kraus Reprint Co., 1969. {{FSC|192371|item|disp=FS Library Book 970.3C114p}}
+*Swanton, John Reed. Source Material on the History and Ethnology of the Caddo Indians, Washington, GPO. 1942. {{FSC|61764|item|disp= FS Library Fiche 6039060}} (five fiche)
-:Volume 1 -- Not yet published
+{{reflist}}
-:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br>
-:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>
-:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4}}.<br>
-:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5}}.<br>
-:Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493742&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493742]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6}}.<br>
-:Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493311&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493311]<br>
-:Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13240086&referer=brief_results WorldCat 13240086]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8}}.<br>
-:Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26140053&referer=brief_results WorldCat 26140053]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9}}.<br>
-:Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/301504096&referer=brief_results WorldCat 301504096]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10}}.
-:Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256516416&referer=brief_results WorldCat 256516416]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11}}.<br>
-:Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39401371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 39401371]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12}}.<br>
-:Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48209643&referer=brief_results WorldCat 48209643]<br>
-:Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254277176&referer=brief_results WorldCat 254277176]
-:Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256517503&referer=brief_results WorldCat 356517503]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15}}.<br>
-:Volume 16 -- Not yet published
-:Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43957746&referer=brief_results WorldCat 43957746]<br>
-:Volume 18 -- Not yet published
-:Volume 19 -- Not yet published
-:Volume 20 -- Not yet published
-*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/indianlocation.htm Available online].
+{{Native American nav}}
-*Waldman, Carl. ''Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes''. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14718193?referer=list_view WorldCat 14718193]; {{FHL|1465222|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006}}.
-[[Category:Oklahoma_Indian_Tribes]]
+[[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Oklahoma]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Texas]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Louisiana]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Arkansas]]